Orientadores: Rosa Ines Costa Pereira, Jose Guilherme Cecatti / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-07T13:14:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Baciuk_EricaPassos_D.pdf: 6936092 bytes, checksum: c77ac78d2a89de858849dc1f9432dcce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Doutorado / Ciencias Biomedicas / Doutor em Tocoginecologia

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-12-09Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:40:46Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 farias_alp_dr_rcla.pdf: 394609 bytes, checksum: 13782eb9581a309ee3ab3cb13e20ca14 (MD5) / Desenvolvimento motor é interpretado como o processo de mudanças que ocorrem no comportamento motor ao longo do ciclo de vida e é caracterizado por mudanças qualitativas, envolvendo as necessidades biológicas subjacentes as ambientais e ocupacionais, que influenciam o desempenho motor e as habilidades motoras dos indivíduos. O objetivo deste estudo foi diagnosticar e descrever o desenvolvimento das habilidades motoras fundamentais de crianças, em idade do Ensino Fundamental I, no Estado da Paraíba. A amostra foi composta por 410 crianças distribuídas nas quatro regiões paraibanas (Mata, Borborema, Sertão e Agreste), sendo 209 meninos e 201 meninas, na faixa etária de 6 a 10 anos. A obtenção dos dados ocorreu na própria escola que a criança estudava, tendo sido as crianças filmadas realizando as habilidades motoras dos subtestes locomotor e controle de objeto do TGMD-2 (Ulrich, 2000). Após a filmagem, a análise dos dados foi feita por três avaliadores devidamente treinados. Os valores brutos referentes ao subteste locomotor realizado em regiões e grupos etários foram diferentes entre os grupos etários, F(4,390)=52,61, p<0,001, entre as regiões, F(3,390)=9,34, p>0,001, e interação entre grupos etários e regiões, F(12,390)=2,41, p>0,01. No controle de objetos, foi observada diferença entre os grupos etários, F(4,390)=58,26, p<0,001, entre as regiões, F(3,390)=13,44, p>0,001, e interação entre os grupos etários e as regiões, F(12,390)=4,07, p<0,001. Nos valores brutos referentes ao subteste locomotor, em função do gênero e grupos etários, foi observada diferença entre os grupos etários, F(4,400)=60,04, p<0,001, porém não revelou diferença entre gêneros, F(1,400)=2,12, p>0.05, e interação entre os grupos etários e os gêneros, F(4,400)=1,57, p>0.05. No controle de objetos... / Motor development can be understood as a process or as a product. As a process, it is characterized by qualitative changes, influenced by underlying biological needs, environmental and occupational factors that influence motor performance and motor skills of individuals. The goal of this study was to describe the development of fundamental motor skills of children, in Elementary School age, in the state of Paraiba. The sample consisted of 410 children divided into four regions of the state of Paraiba (Mata, Borborema, Sertão, and Agreste), with 209 boys and 201 girls, aging from 6 to 10 years. The data collection occurred at school in which children were enrolled, with the children filmed performing motor skills of the locomotor and object control subtests of the TGMD-2 (Ulrich, 2000). After the video recording, data analysis was performed by three trained raters. Raw scores of the locomotor subtest compared among regions and age groups were different among age groups, F(4,390)=52.61, p<0.001, among regions, F(3,390)=9.34, p>0.001, and interaction between age groups and regions, F(12,390)=2.41, p> 0.01. Regarding the object control, differences were observed among age groups, F(4,390)=58.26, p<0.001, among regions, F(3,390)=13.44, p>0.001, and interaction between age groups and regions, F(12,390)=4.07, p<0.001. Raw scores for the motor subtest regarding gender and age groups, differences were observed among age groups, F(4,400)=60,04, p<0.001, but showed no difference between genders, F(1,400)=2.12, p>0.05, and interaction between age groups and gender, F(4,400)=1.57, p>0.05. Differently, differences were observed for the object control values among age groups, F(4,400)=71.51, p<0.001, between genders, F(1,400)=8,82, p<0,005. The results indicate that the development of fundamental... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

This dissertation introduces CrossFit as one of the new directions in fitness and is based on information which is commonly available. The main, research segment of the dissertation focuses on the level of kinetic abilities and the effect on general physical fitness from regular exercise by following the CrossFit program. The research was conducted on students who were following a fitness program while the writer was studying at Gerlev sport academy in Denmark.

Introdução: Devido à transição sócio-demográfica o Brasil vem passando por um processo natural de envelhecimento populacional. Essa transição demográfica gera contrastes à medida que o progresso e a qualidade de vida não atingem, igualmente, todos os níveis socioeconômicos. Nesse cenário, os idosos de baixo nível socioeconômico estão mais vulneráveis, as limitações próprias do envelhecimento, doenças crônico-degenerativas e acesso aos serviços de saúde. Esse conjunto de variáveis sócio-demográficas e de hábitos de vida pode corroborar, conseqüentemente, para limitação ou deterioração da capacidade funcional dos idosos. Objetivos: Analisar a influência de fatores sócio-demográficos, de hábitos de vida e relacionados ao acesso aos serviços de saúde sobre a capacidade funcional, através do teste Timed Up and Go (TUG) traçando um perfil dos fatores que influenciam de forma mais relevante uma população de idosos de baixo nível moradores da periferia da cidade de Santos, São Paulo. Metodologia: Trata-se de estudo epidemiológico do tipo transversal, realizado entre de fevereiro de 2006 a julho de 2007, em 168 indivíduos com 60 ou mais anos de idade, moradores do Dique da Vila Gilda em Santos, São Paulo. Dados sócio-demográficos, condições de saúde, uso de medicamentos e procura por serviços de saúde, atividades de vida diária, hábitos de vida, sociais e lazer foram coletados através do Brazilian Older Multidimensional Functional Assessment Questionnaire (BOMFAQ), estado cognitivo pelo Mini-Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM), transtorno mental comum pelo Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), consumo de álcool pelo Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), atividade física pelo International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Foram mensuradas pressão arterial e o índice de massa corpórea (IMC). Para a avaliação da capacidade física aplicamos o teste TUG dicotomizado (< 10 segundos boa capacidade funcional / 10 segundos - limitação ou incapacidade funcional). Através do teste do qui-quadrado as variáveis independentes foram analisadas por sexo e pelo desempenho do teste TUG. Assim como as contínuas, também foram avaliadas através do teste t student ou ANOVA. Modelos de regressão logística univariada e multivariada foram também realizadas, a fim de se testarem a influência das variáveis explanatórias sobre a capacidade funcional da amostra estudada. O programa utilizado foi o PASW versão 18.0. Resultados: Na amostra de 168 indivíduos avaliados havia uma proporção maior de idosas 109 (64,8%), a média da idade foi 68,4 anos (±6,7), a maior parte foi classificada possuía quatro anos de estudo formal, 128 (76,2%) não trabalhavam e 13 (7,7%) realizavam trabalhos informais, 63 (37,5%) eram casados ou possuíam companheiro. Foi verificada freqüência de doenças crônicas (hipertensão arterial, diabetes, osteodegenerativas) semelhantes a encontradas em outros estudos, baixo consumo de álcool e tabaco. Apesar da grande procura por serviços de saúde e uso de medicamentos, dificuldades nas atividades de vida diária, poucas atividades de lazer, os idosos dessa amostra apresentaram bom convívio social e eram fisicamente ativos, segundo a classificação do IPAQ com 150 ou mais minutos de atividades moderadas e vigorosas por semana. A maioria, 125 (74,4%) dos idosos apresentou um estado cognitivo alterado Finalmente, em relação ao desempenho físico, 122 (72,6%) idosos apresentaram um TUG maior ou igual a 10 segundos. Na regressão logística o estado cognitivo e a presença de acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) influenciaram no pior desempenho no teste. Entretanto, o AVC prévio permaneceu estatisticamente significativo após ajuste por idade, sexo, escolaridade, ocupação, situação conjugal, presença de quedas e estado cognitivo (razão de chances: 4,8 _ 1,43-15,27_ IC95%, p=0,01). Conclusões: A variável sócio-demográfica desemprego teve influência sobre o grau de funcionalidade dos idosos residentes nesta comunidade. Idosos com pior estado cognitivo e, sobretudo com antecedentes de AVC, apresentaram risco aumentado de apresentar um pior desempenho físico / Introduction: Due to partner-demographic transition Brazil comes passing for a natural process of population aging. This demographic transition generates contrasts to the measure that the progress and the quality of life do not reach, equally, all the socioeconomics levels. In this scene, aged the low-level socioeconomic is more vulnerable, the proper limitations of the aging, chronicdegenerative illnesses and access to the health services. This set of partnerdemographic 0 variable and habits of life can corroborate, consequently, for limitation or deterioration of the functional capacity of the aged ones. Objectives: To analyze the influence of partner-demographic, habits of life and related factors to the access to the health services on the functional capacity, through the test Timed Up and Go (TUG) tracing a profile of the factors that influence of aged more excellent form a population of low-level inhabitants of the periphery of the city of Santos, São Paulo. Methodology: Cross-sectional study, carried through enters of february of 2006 the july of 2007, in 168 individuals with 60 or more years of age, inhabitants of the Dique da Vila Gilda in Santos, São Paulo. Partner-demographic data, conditions of health, medicine use and look for health services, activities of daily life, habits of life, social and leisure had been collected through Brazilian Older Multidimensional Functional Assessment Questionnaire (BOMFAQ), cognitive state for Mini-Examination of Estado Mental (MEEM), common mental disorders for Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20), alcohol consumption for Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), physical activity for International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). They had been mensurad arterial pressure and the index of corporal mass (IMC). For the evaluation of the functional capacity we apply dichotomized test TUG (< 10 seconds - good functional capacity/ 10 seconds - limitation or functional incapacity). Through the test of the qui-square the independent variable had been analyzed by sex and the performance of test TUG. As well as the continuous ones, had been also evaluated through test t student or ANOVA. Models of unvaried and multivariate logistic regression also had been carried through, in order to test the influence of the explanatory variable on the functional capacity of the studied sample. The used program was the PASW version 18.0. Results: In the sample of 168 aged evaluated individuals it had a bigger ratio of 109 (64.8%), the average of the age was 68,4 years (±6,7), most was classified posse four years of formal study, 128 (76.2%) did not work and 13 (7.7%) carried through informal works, 63 (37.5%) were married or had accompanying. Frequency of chronic illnesses was verified (arterial hypertension, diabetes, osteodegenerative) similar the found ones in other studies, low alcohol consumption and tobacco. Although the great search for health services and medicine use, difficulties in the activities of daily life, few activities of leisure, the aged ones of this sample had presented good social conviviality and were physically active, according to classification of the IPAQ with 150 or more minutes of moderate and vigorous activities per week. The majority, 125 (74.4%) of the aged ones presented a modified cognitive state finally, in relation to the physical performance, 122 (72.6%) aged ones had presented a bigger or equal TUG the 10 seconds. In the logistic regression the cognitive state and the presence of cerebral vascular accident (AVC) had influenced in the worse performance in the test. However, the previous AVC remained significant statistical after adjustment for age, sex, education, occupation, conjugal situation, presence of falls and cognitive state (reason of possibilities: 4, 8 _ 1, 43-15, 27_ IC95%, p=0, 01). Conclusions: The partnerdemographic 0 variable unemployment had influence on the degree of functionality of the aged residents in this community. Aged with worse been cognitive e, over all with antecedents of AVC, they had presented increased risk to present one worse physical performance

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a aptidão física de crianças com Transtorno do Desenvolvimento da Coordenação (TDC) nos diferentes graus de comprometimento; moderado (TDCm) e severo (TDCs), e um grupo sem TDC (sTDC). Participaram deste estudo 63 crianças entre 6-10 anos de idade da cidade de Manaus/Brasil. Três grupos foram formados e distribuídos assim: 21 crianças com TDCm, 21 com TDCs segundo os critérios diagnóstico do DMS-IV e 21 crianças sTDC. Os componentes da aptidão física, composição corporal, força e resistência muscular, flexibilidade e resistência cardiorrespiratória foram medidos com a bateria Fitnessgram. Os resultados mostraram não haver diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos em nenhum dos componentes avaliados. Quando avaliou-se os resultados por componente, de acordo com os critérios estabelecidos no Fitnessgram, foi observado que mais da metade das crianças, independentemente do grupo de classificação, atenderam às exigências motoras mínimas estabelecidas pelos critérios referenciados para a saúde, exceto no componente força e resistência muscular. Crianças com TDCm, TDCs e sTDC apresentaram níveis semelhantes de aptidão física relacionada à saúde. Dessa forma, ressaltamos que novas pesquisas sejam realizadas em especial no acompanhamento do desenvolvimento de habilidades motoras e da aptidão física observando as interações entre essas variáveis ao longo do tempo / The aim of this study was to assess the physical fitness of children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) in different degrees of commitment, Moderate (DCDm ) and severe (DCDs), and a group without DCD (sDCD). The study included 63 children aged 6-10 years old in the city of Manaus / Brazil. Three groups were formed and distributed as follows: 21 children with DCDm, 21 with TDCs according to the diagnostic criteria of the DMS - IV and 21 children sDCD. The components of physical fitness, body composition, muscular strength and endurance, flexibility, and cardiorespiratory endurance were measured with the battery Fitnessgram. The results showed no statistically significant difference between the groups in any of the evaluated components. When we evaluated the results by component, according to the criteria of Fitnessgram, was observed that more than half of all children, regardless of classification group, met the requirements established by the minimum motor criteria referenced to health except the force component and muscular endurance. Children with DCDm, TDCs and sDCD showed similar levels of physical fitness and health. Thus, we emphasize that further research be conducted in particular in monitoring the development of motor skills and physical fitness by observing the interaction between these variables over time

Identification and development of physical characteristics that lead to efficient performance of military skills or tasks has been a consistently difficult task for the United States military for decades. The literature suggests certain physical characteristics may be more important, although this information is conflicting. Furthermore, the military physical fitness training program that is intended to prepare soldiers for combat is commonly evaluated with the Army Physical Fitness Test (PFT), a test that is more suited for evaluating health and wellness rather than task-specific fitness. All of this testing and training of soldiers focuses on the individual soldiers and their abilities although military skills or tasks are seldom if ever conducted independently. The first purpose of this dissertation was to identify relationships between the PFT, anthropometrics, measures of strength, and power. The second purpose was to identify the team characteristics that influence team performance during the Sandhurst Competition (a 2-day simulated military operation). Strong correlations were found between PFT events and weak correlations were found between PFT measures and evaluations of strength and power. The strong correlations between PFT events could indicate that only one event may be necessary to determine health and wellness. The weak correlations between events of the PFT and measures of strength and power suggest the PFT is not an assessment of strength and power based on the strength and power measures employed in the current study. The evaluation of team characteristics indicated that age (possibly experience) had the largest effect on Sandhurst Competition performance. Further analysis of each event supported the contention that age influences performance but also identified specific aerobic, anaerobic, and anthropometric variables that influenced performance on particular events. The data from this dissertation suggests that teams competing in the Sandhurst Competition should attempt to recruit team members with more experience, very high run scores, and high vertical jump heights.

The purpose of this study was to determine to what extent physical education programs are being implemented in a Southern California school district, in an effort to increase physical activity and decrease obesity among students. This study also identified factors that either contributed to, or detracted from, implementation.

Escalating health care costs in the military health system are not sustainable long term. Regular physical activity has been shown to improve health and reduce health care costs. Military members serving in the United States Air Force (USAF) are encouraged to maintain physical fitness year-round and undergo mandatory physical fitness assessments (PFAs) annually. The purpose of this quantitative correlational study was to determine the nature of the relationship between the timing of the PFA and health care utilization (HU) by active duty service members assigned to the United Kingdom's USAF military treatment facility. Donabedian's framework and the logic process model were used to design the study. Archived fitness and health care utilization data were obtained on 361 military members. Findings indicated a strong, positive correlation between the timing of the PFA and HU, which was strongest during the PFA month. Monthly HU 6 months prior to PFA was compared using a 1-way repeated measures ANOVA. Findings indicated a significant difference between T-1 (PFA month), T-2 (1 month prior to PFA), and T-5 (5 months prior to PFA). Paired-samples t tests demonstrated a statistically significant increase in HU from T-5 to T-2. Although findings are not generalizable, they signal a need for further study to evaluate HU variability between populations, to identify at-risk groups, and to inform health and fitness policies that affect the readiness and retention of military members. The DNP project may promote interdisciplinary collaboration between health care providers and senior military leadership, innovation in health care delivery, and evidence-based and cost-conscious policies.

Past research has indicated a significant relationship between physical fitness and standardized test scores; however, the relationship between physical fitness and other aspects of school performance has yet to be empirically examined in a population specifically composed of middle school girls. This study examined several factors that contribute to school success, such as classroom behavior, attendance, and grades, in relation to physical fitness among a group of adolescent girls. It was specifically designed to examine the statistical relationship between physical fitness, as measured by the Fitnessgram, and quantitative data on school performance including grades, standardized test scores, school behavior, and attendance among 280 middle school girls. The biopsychosocial theory was used as the basis of this study, with the biological factors of fitness levels and BMI, psychological factors of grades and test scores, and social factors of attendance and behavior. A 1-way between-subjects multivariate analysis of variance demonstrated that the psychological and social factors of school performance were significantly affected by the biological factor of physical fitness. A significant correlation was also found between BMI, grades, and attendance. Positive social change implications include informing school administrators on the importance of increasing the emphasis on physical activity instead of replacing physical activity with additional time in core academic subjects. In addition, the results demonstrate the important relationship between school performance and physical fitness in middle school girls and underscore the importance of fostering physical fitness within this distinct group of middle school-aged girls.

Introdução: A Organização Mundial da Saúde, em 2012, estimou que um terço da população de indivíduos de zero a 17 anos tinham excesso de peso. Dieta inadequada e prática insuficiente de atividade física são fatores que contribuem para esse cenário. O incremento da prática de atividade física é parte fundamental do tratamento dos adolescentes com excesso de peso mas pouco se conhece sobre a importância da adequação do tipo da atividade física às capacidades motoras dos jovens obesos. A hipótese do presente estudo é que há diferenças no desempenho nos testes de aptidão física desses adolescentes em comparação com seus pares eutróficos. Espera-se que com esses resultados o estudo possa contribuir para as discussões sobre como aumentar a adesão à prática de atividades físicas nesse grupo de adolescentes. Objetivo: Investigar a associação do estado nutricional com o desempenho em testes de aptidão física em adolescentes escolares. Métodos: Estudo do tipo transversal, retrospectivo, baseado em dados previamente coletados pelo projeto de identificação de potenciais atletas pela Secretaria de Esportes, Lazer e Cultura do município de São Caetano do Sul em 2011 (estudo primário). No estudo atual, foram analisados dados de 3.062 adolescentes (10 a 19 anos incompletos). As variáveis independentes foram gênero, idade, estado nutricional, porcentagem de gordura corporal (protocolo de Slaughter), indicador da maturação biológica (medido pelo Pico de Velocidade de Crescimento) e unidade escolar. As variáveis dependentes foram o desempenho em cinco testes de aptidão física: aptidão cardiorrespiratória (Yo-yo teste), velocidade (corrida de 10 metros), flexibilidade (teste de sentar e alcançar), força de membros superiores (arremesso de medicineball) e força de membros inferiores (salto horizontal). A análise descritiva incluiu frequências absolutas e relativas, médias e desvio-padrão das variáveis estratificadas por gênero. A análise estatística realizada para cada variável dependente utilizou o método estatístico inferencial multivariado denominado Modelo Linear Misto Generalizado. Resultados: 1.563 adolescentes são meninos (51%), 61% estão na faixa etária de 10 a 12 anos (média de idade = 12,6 anos ± 1,8), 35% foram classificados com excesso de peso pelo z-escore do índice de massa corporal (IMC), sendo que a prevalência de sobrepeso nessa amostra foi de 22,8% (95%IC 21,0%-24,0%) e de obesidade 12,5% (95%IC 11,4%-13,8%). Na análise multivariada observou-se que os meninos apresentaram melhor desempenho do que as meninas em todos os testes de aptidão física, exceto em flexibilidade no qual as meninas desempenharam melhor. Ao analisarmos as meninas separadamente, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante no desempenho nos testes de aptidão cardiorrespiratória, velocidade e flexibilidade, quando comparamos as três classificações de estado nutricional. Já nos testes de força de membros superiores e membros inferiores, as meninas com excesso de peso tiveram um melhor desempenho em relação às meninas eutróficas, em ambos os testes. Quanto aos meninos, aqueles com sobrepeso e obesidade demonstraram menor aptidão do que seus pares eutróficos nos testes de aptidão cardiorrespiratória e velocidade. No teste de força de membros superiores, os adolescentes com sobrepeso e obesidade apresentaram resultados melhores do que seus colegas eutróficos. Já nos testes de força de membros inferiores e flexibilidade, os jovens com sobrepeso tiveram desempenho semelhante ao dos seus pares eutróficos. Conclusão: Identificamos particularidades da aptidão física de adolescentes com sobrepeso e obesidade que pode guiar a orientação da prática de atividade física para esses indivíduos. O desempenho no teste de força de MMSS foi melhor entre adolescentes com excesso de peso e força de MMII igual a de seus pares eutróficos. Portanto, exercícios e modalidades de força deveriam ser incluídos no planejamento de atividades físicas desses adolescentes considerando que isso pode promover motivação e adesão à prática de atividade física regular / Objective: To investigate the association of nutritional status with performance in physical fitness tests in school adolescents. Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional study based on data previously collected in 2011 from all municipal schools of São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil. In the current study, data on 3.062 adolescents (10-19 years of age) were analyzed. The independent variables were gender, age, body mass index (BMI) to categorize nutritional status (eutrophic: -2 < BMI z-score < 1, with overweight 1< BMI z-score < 2 and having obesity 2< BMI z-score < 3), percentage of body fat (Slaughter protocol), indicator of biological maturation (measured by Peak Height Velocity). The dependent variables were performance in five physical fitness tests: cardiorespiratory fitness (20m shuttle run test), speed (10-meter run), flexibility (sit and reach test), upper body strength (medicine ball throw) and lower body strength (horizontal jump). The descriptive analysis included absolute and relative frequencies, averages, and standard deviation of the variables, stratified by gender. The statistical multivariate analyses method was the Generalized Mixed Linear Model. Results: 1563 adolescents were boys (51%), mean 12.6 years ± 1.8 (61% were 10 to 12 years old), 35% had excess of weight (third had obesity). In the multivariate analyses, boys performed better than girls in all the physical fitness tests except for flexibility. Considering all three categories of nutritional status, girls performed equally in the cardiorespiratory test, velocity and flexibility. Girls with overweight and obesity did better than their eutrophic peers in both upper and lower body strength tests. As for boys, those who were overweight and with obesity showed lower performance in cardiorespiratory fitness and speed tests than their eutrophic colleagues. In the upper body strength test, adolescents with excess of weight of both genders presented better results than their eutrophic counterparts. In the tests of lower body strength and flexibility, participants with overweight and obesity performed similarly to the eutrophic ones. Conclusion: We identified particularities of physical fitness of adolescents with overweight and obesity that might guide their physical activities plan. They have performed better in upper and lower body strength tests than their eutrophic peers. Thus, the strength exercises should be included in the physical activity plan of these adolescents considering that it may promote motivation and adherence to regular physical activity practice