CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A pesquisa “Entre Peles: memorial de um processo de criação em arte” está ancorada na linha de pesquisa Prática e Processos em Artes, especificamente no campo das Poéticas da Imagem. Trata-se de um conjunto de ações experimentais em interconexão entre linguagens artísticas. O desenho, a tatuagem, a fotografia, a gravura, a performance e a criação do objeto artístico perpassam a pesquisa artística, caracterizando o perfil híbrido da mesma. O texto dissertativo apresenta as relações da prática com as referências teóricas e com a arte contemporânea, e descreve o processo de criação desde as primeiras intenções na busca de subverter e reinventar a prática da tatuagem até as relações que se colocam entre arte e cotidiano. Estão apresentadas também as reproduções das imagens que são o resultado da pesquisa e os documentos da exposição dos trabalhos conclusivos da pesquisa. / The research "Between Skins: memorial of a process of creating art" is anchored in the search line Practice and Processes in Art, specifically in the field of Poetic Image. It is a set of experimental actions in interconnection between artistic languages. The design, tattoo, photography, printmaking, performance and the creation of the artistic object permeate the artistic research, featuring the hybrid profile of the same. The argumentative text presents the practical relations with the theoretical references with contemporary art and describes the process of creation from the first intentions in seeking to subvert and reinvent the practice of tattooing to the relationships that arise between art and everyday life. Also presented reproductions of images that are the result of research and documents the exhibition of works of conclusive research. / Dissertação (Mestrado)

En observant le foisonnement de métaphores de la lumière et de la vision dans l’œuvre de Reinaldo Arenas – l’accentuation de la couleur, l’éblouissement, la brûlure et le dédoublement – cette thèse s’interroge sur la vision de l’écriture formulée dans et à partir de ces images, et sur les implications de cette vision. Constatant à travers cette réflexion l’inscription à même le langage des images de la lumière et de la vision – de la réflexion à la clarté, en passant par l’image et la lucidité – cette thèse délibère, à travers l’œuvre de Reinaldo Arenas et celle de Jorge Luis Borges, sur une définition de l’écriture comme intensité, notion et image empruntées au registre du sensible par le détour de la physique. Le premier chapitre s’intéresse à la couleur comme phénomène de la vision, du sensible, de l’affect et de la nuance, ainsi qu’à la métaphore de la cécité abordée par Borges et par Paul de Man comme phénomène de la lecture, points d’entrée à une réflexion sur l’écriture. Le second chapitre aborde la notion d’éblouissement en tant qu’intensité de la lumière et temporalité de la prise de conscience lucide, définissant ainsi une vision du temps et les affinités entre la temporalité de l’écriture et celle de l’image poétique. Le troisième chapitre, réitérant la question de la relation au temps – historique et narratif –, réaffirme les inflexions du langage en fonction de la lumière, c’est-à-dire la relation entre l’aspect « lumineux » du langage, l’intensité de la lumière et l’intensité de l’écriture (entendue comme écriture littéraire), en explorant le seuil (la destruction par le feu) mis en lumière par l’image du phénix, figure mythique et littéraire de la transformation des images, selon la définition de l’imagination proposée par Gaston Bachelard. Enfin, la double conclusion (une conclusion en deux parties, ou deux conclusions réfléchies l’une dans l’autre), relie les images poétiques de la lumière évoquées et leurs implications en examinant la portée d’une vision de l’écriture comme intensité. Cette idée est élaborée à travers l’image finale du double, figure littéraire constitutive et omniprésente à la fois chez Arenas et chez Borges, image non seulement de la relation entre le personnage et son double (qui relève de l’hallucination ou de l’imagination, images, encore une fois, de la vision), mais aussi de la relation entre l’auteur et le texte, le lecteur et le texte, l’écriture et le temps. La double conclusion vise le dédoublement et redoublement comme figures de l’intensité dans l’écriture. Le lien entre la vision métaphorique et l’écriture comme intensité est donc articulé par la métaphore, telle qu’entendue par Borges, élargie à l’image poétique dans la perspective de Gaston Bachelard ; elle s’appuie sur la vision de la littérature pensée et écrite par Arenas. La réflexion est double : dans le texte et sur le texte, au plan poétique et au plan d’une réflexion sur l’écriture d’Arenas ; sur l’écriture et, implicitement, sur la littérature. / Plunging into the work of Cuban writer Reinaldo Arenas, this thesis examines the connection between Arenas’ exuberant choice of metaphors related to light and vision – such as color, dazzle, fire, the double – and the potential meanings and implications of a narrative strategy based on such images. By underlining the persistence, within language itself, of images related to light and vision – such as reflection, clarity, lucidity and illumination –, as well as by examining the work of Reinaldo Arenas as well as of Jorge Luis Borges, this thesis offers a definition of writing as an experience characterized by intensity. The first chapter analyzes how color as a visual phenomenon relates to the emotional realm and to the senses, as well as to their nuances ; following which, it exposes the metaphor of blindness within the experience of reading, as evoked by Borges and Paul de Man, leading to a reflection on writing. The second chapter deals with the notion of dazzle as being, at once, a visual experience, and the very moment of awareness, thus reflecting on the concept of time, and on the understanding of writing, although perceived as linear, as grounded in a temporality similar to that of the poetic image. The third chapter expands on the notion of a relationship between historical time, fictional time, narration, and light, emphasis being placed on the parallel between light intensity and narrative intensity, based on the “igniting” origins of language. Drawing on Gaston Bachelard’s definition of imagination, it discusses the notion of threshold (where ignition leads to destruction) symbolized by the Phoenix, a mythical and literary figure of the transformation of images. Finally, the two-fold conclusion (a double conclusion or two reflecting conclusions) brings together the metaphors related to light that have been discussed in the previous chapters within the perspective of writing as an experience characterized by intensity. Through the metaphor of the double that pervades and informs Arenas’ as well as Borges’ works, the relational and double nature of narration comes to life at the intersection between the character and his doubles (also an effect of vision as a creation of imagination or hallucination), between the author’s expression and the reader’s interpretation, between literature and time. The metaphors related to doubling recurring in Arenas’ work offer a sense of intensification which summons up a vision of writing characterized by intensity. Thus, the connection between poetic thinking and narration is established through a metaphor, as defined by Borges and expanded through Gaston Bachelard’s notion of poetic imagery, and it is grounded in Reinaldo Arenas’ constant play between formal expression and narrative content. Implicit is a double reflection, on literature and time.

En observant le foisonnement de métaphores de la lumière et de la vision dans l’œuvre de Reinaldo Arenas – l’accentuation de la couleur, l’éblouissement, la brûlure et le dédoublement – cette thèse s’interroge sur la vision de l’écriture formulée dans et à partir de ces images, et sur les implications de cette vision. Constatant à travers cette réflexion l’inscription à même le langage des images de la lumière et de la vision – de la réflexion à la clarté, en passant par l’image et la lucidité – cette thèse délibère, à travers l’œuvre de Reinaldo Arenas et celle de Jorge Luis Borges, sur une définition de l’écriture comme intensité, notion et image empruntées au registre du sensible par le détour de la physique. Le premier chapitre s’intéresse à la couleur comme phénomène de la vision, du sensible, de l’affect et de la nuance, ainsi qu’à la métaphore de la cécité abordée par Borges et par Paul de Man comme phénomène de la lecture, points d’entrée à une réflexion sur l’écriture. Le second chapitre aborde la notion d’éblouissement en tant qu’intensité de la lumière et temporalité de la prise de conscience lucide, définissant ainsi une vision du temps et les affinités entre la temporalité de l’écriture et celle de l’image poétique. Le troisième chapitre, réitérant la question de la relation au temps – historique et narratif –, réaffirme les inflexions du langage en fonction de la lumière, c’est-à-dire la relation entre l’aspect « lumineux » du langage, l’intensité de la lumière et l’intensité de l’écriture (entendue comme écriture littéraire), en explorant le seuil (la destruction par le feu) mis en lumière par l’image du phénix, figure mythique et littéraire de la transformation des images, selon la définition de l’imagination proposée par Gaston Bachelard. Enfin, la double conclusion (une conclusion en deux parties, ou deux conclusions réfléchies l’une dans l’autre), relie les images poétiques de la lumière évoquées et leurs implications en examinant la portée d’une vision de l’écriture comme intensité. Cette idée est élaborée à travers l’image finale du double, figure littéraire constitutive et omniprésente à la fois chez Arenas et chez Borges, image non seulement de la relation entre le personnage et son double (qui relève de l’hallucination ou de l’imagination, images, encore une fois, de la vision), mais aussi de la relation entre l’auteur et le texte, le lecteur et le texte, l’écriture et le temps. La double conclusion vise le dédoublement et redoublement comme figures de l’intensité dans l’écriture. Le lien entre la vision métaphorique et l’écriture comme intensité est donc articulé par la métaphore, telle qu’entendue par Borges, élargie à l’image poétique dans la perspective de Gaston Bachelard ; elle s’appuie sur la vision de la littérature pensée et écrite par Arenas. La réflexion est double : dans le texte et sur le texte, au plan poétique et au plan d’une réflexion sur l’écriture d’Arenas ; sur l’écriture et, implicitement, sur la littérature. / Plunging into the work of Cuban writer Reinaldo Arenas, this thesis examines the connection between Arenas’ exuberant choice of metaphors related to light and vision – such as color, dazzle, fire, the double – and the potential meanings and implications of a narrative strategy based on such images. By underlining the persistence, within language itself, of images related to light and vision – such as reflection, clarity, lucidity and illumination –, as well as by examining the work of Reinaldo Arenas as well as of Jorge Luis Borges, this thesis offers a definition of writing as an experience characterized by intensity. The first chapter analyzes how color as a visual phenomenon relates to the emotional realm and to the senses, as well as to their nuances ; following which, it exposes the metaphor of blindness within the experience of reading, as evoked by Borges and Paul de Man, leading to a reflection on writing. The second chapter deals with the notion of dazzle as being, at once, a visual experience, and the very moment of awareness, thus reflecting on the concept of time, and on the understanding of writing, although perceived as linear, as grounded in a temporality similar to that of the poetic image. The third chapter expands on the notion of a relationship between historical time, fictional time, narration, and light, emphasis being placed on the parallel between light intensity and narrative intensity, based on the “igniting” origins of language. Drawing on Gaston Bachelard’s definition of imagination, it discusses the notion of threshold (where ignition leads to destruction) symbolized by the Phoenix, a mythical and literary figure of the transformation of images. Finally, the two-fold conclusion (a double conclusion or two reflecting conclusions) brings together the metaphors related to light that have been discussed in the previous chapters within the perspective of writing as an experience characterized by intensity. Through the metaphor of the double that pervades and informs Arenas’ as well as Borges’ works, the relational and double nature of narration comes to life at the intersection between the character and his doubles (also an effect of vision as a creation of imagination or hallucination), between the author’s expression and the reader’s interpretation, between literature and time. The metaphors related to doubling recurring in Arenas’ work offer a sense of intensification which summons up a vision of writing characterized by intensity. Thus, the connection between poetic thinking and narration is established through a metaphor, as defined by Borges and expanded through Gaston Bachelard’s notion of poetic imagery, and it is grounded in Reinaldo Arenas’ constant play between formal expression and narrative content. Implicit is a double reflection, on literature and time.

The image of Water seems to be a major component among the elements that compose the Cantares de perda e predileção [Songs of loss and predilection] (1983), by Hilda Hilst. Whether as a central component of the poem metaphor or a splash of discreet presence, the Water element makes the book a wealth of meanings. We extract from this book for analysis the treatments granted to Desire and Time. In the first case, we see an opaque water, gleaming anguish and loneliness in a song that is predestined to stop its search in the case of a successfully accomplishment. Although the specificity of each poem, the Water element receives nuances of vertigo common to individuals focused on water, as stated by Bachelard (1942). In the second case, we have a stream doomed to finitude, a condition that is one of the reasons for the thickness of Desire. Some songs show the despair of being-toward-death of Heidegger (1927), according to whom only the (potentially eternal) temporality of poetry seems to save, as says Alfredo Bosi (1977) commenting on the intersection of times (of the poetry and ours). At the confluence of these two analytic matrices - Desire and Temporality - we demonstrate how the plasticity promoted by the Water image recurrence favors the production of emotions in the reader, since, according to Octavio Paz (1956), Image is responsible both for recreating real contradictions and for destabilizing the alleged structural rationalism of our daily lives. For this, we especially use the concepts of perception and look of Merleau-Ponty (1960) and Georges Didi-Huberman (1992), respectively, to demonstrate how, in the act of reading, Language enables our perception to remain on the text and at the same time is changed by it, making completely unattainable to critical discourse the inexplicable subjectivity inherent to the aesthetic experience. / A imagem da água parece ser um dos principais componentes da matéria-prima de que se tecem os Cantares de perda e predileção (1983), de Hilda Hilst. Seja como elemento central da metáfora do poema, seja como respingo de presença discreta, o elemento aquático faz do livro um manancial de significações. Dele, extraímos para análise os tratamentos conferidos ao desejo e ao tempo. No primeiro caso, vemos uma água opaca, a reluzir angústia e solidão num canto predestinado a cessar caso a busca se sacie. Apesar das particularidades de cada poema, o elemento aquático ganha nuances da vertigem comum aos indivíduos voltados à água, como afirma Bachelard (1942). No segundo caso, temos um fluxo fadado à finitude, condição que é uma das razões da espessura do desejo. Alguns cantares dão a ver o desespero do ser-para-a-morte de Heidegger (1927), a quem apenas a temporalidade da poesia (potencialmente eterna) parece salvar, a exemplo do que afirma Alfredo Bosi (1977) ao comentar o encontro dos tempos (o dela e o nosso). Na confluência dessas duas matrizes analíticas – o desejo e a temporalidade – buscamos demonstrar como a plasticidade promovida pela recorrência da imagem da água favorece a produção de afetos no leitor, uma vez que o elemento imagético é, segundo Octavio Paz (1956), um poço de contradições recriadoras do real e responsáveis por desestabilizar o racionalismo pretensamente estruturante de nosso dia a dia. Para isso, recorremos principalmente aos conceitos de percepção e de olhar de Merleau-Ponty (1960) e de Georges Didi-Huberman (1992), respectivamente, para demonstrar como, no ato de leitura, o estatuto da linguagem ali movimentada possibilita que a nossa percepção se incruste no texto e ao mesmo tempo seja por ele alterada, tornando inalcançável de todo ao discurso crítico a inexplicável subjetividade inerente à experiência estética.