Problemställning: Studien visar att 42 miljoner barn är överviktiga och feta, vilket kan leda till fysisk och psykisk ohälsa samt förtidig död. Forskning visar att barn som utvecklar övervikt och fetma i förskoleåldern riskerar att vara fortsatt överviktiga och feta när de når vuxen ålder. Barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskans uppgift är att identifiera och förebygga denna utveckling. De överviktiga barnen och deras föräldrar behöver stöd från barnhälsovården för att motverka fortsatt viktutveckling. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka vilken form av stöd barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskan ger föräldrar till överviktiga barn i åldrarna noll till sex år för att motverka fortsatt viktuppgång. Metod: Studien genomfördes som en integrativ och systematisk litteraturstudie enligt Whittemore och Knafls metod. Resultat: I resultatet framkom att barnhälsovårdssjuksköterskor gav emotionellt, informativt och instrumentellt stöd till föräldrar med överviktiga barn. Studien visade att inget socialt stöd gavs till dessa föräldrar. Konklusion och implikation: Studien belyser vikten av att tidigt synliggöra och motverkar fortsatt överviktsutveckling hos barnet. Ytterligare forskning efterfrågas rörande överviktiga barn i åldrarna noll till sex år och detta skulle kunna tillgodoses genom empiriska studier. Genom empiriska studier skulle en djupare förståelse kunna uppnås för vilken form av stöd som föräldrarna vill ha samt hur stödet från barnhälsovårds sjuksköterskan uppfattas av föräldrarna. / Issue: The study shows that 42 million children are overweight and obese, which can lead to physical and mental ill-health and premature death. Research shows that children who develop obesity in pre-school are at a higher risk to continue to be overweight and obese when they reach adulthood. The task for the child health care nurse is to identify and prevent such developments. The obese children and their families need support from child care to counteract the continued weight gain. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine what kind of support child health care nurse gives parents of overweight children the age of zero to six years to counter the continued weight gain. Method: The study was performed as an integrative and systematic literature as Whittemore and Knafls method. Results: The result showed that child health care nurses give emotional, informational and instrumental support to parents of overweight children. The study showed that no social support was given to these parents. Conclusion and implication: The study highlights the importance of early visibility and prevention of continued obesity development of the child. Further more research is requested on overweight children in the age of zero to six years. Through empirical studies, a deeper understanding can be achieved for what kind of support that parents want and how support from the children's health care's nurse perceived by the parents.

The aim of this study is to explore discourses that emerge in texts in pre-school quality reports from 2011-2015 and how pre-school practitioners talk about quality in pre-school. Because of the complexity of the concept of "quality" the study is limited to focus on and explore discourses about quality in preschool that emerge in texts where preschools make a comprehensive analysis and assessment of their educational activity and quality. Five texts from different pre-schools and three transcribed interviews/conversations with pre-schoolteachers (one of these teachers has previous experience of being a preschool director) and one preschool director/teacher are analyzed. Three of the texts originate from communal pre-school units in a larger city in Sweden and the other two are from smaller community pre-schools throughout the country. The texts and the statements in the interviews are analyzed from a social constructional perspective and with discourse analytical tools inspired by Norman Fairclough (2010). Two different dimensions are analysed; the texts and the discursive practice but mainly the focus is on the analysis of the texts. The result of the analysis of the texts and the statements from the interviews, shows two emerging discourses of quality; “measurability” and “meaning making”. These two perspectives about quality in pre-school stand side by side in the texts and dialogs which results in a “field of tension” between the discourses. The first discourse, measurability, can be related to a political agenda of management, financial interests and controllability where pre-school quality is connected to accomplishments and results. In this perspective, knowledge and learning connect to an idea that all children develop and learn in a predetermined and predictable manner and therefore becomes measurable. The second discourse, meaning making, has its roots in a social constructional perspective were learning and knowledge are socially constructed by language when people interact, and therefore knowledge and understanding are undergoing constant transformations by reflection and negotiation.

The purpose of this study is to examine how children interact with each other in the free play. My questions have been which access strategies children use, how they use secondary adjustments and how they use language in order to gain position and status in the play. The study has been characterized by a qualitative research-oriented method, with interpretive analysis and qualitative interviews. The data collection was done through observations and conversations with children about their play. The children in the study are between the ages of three and five-years-old. The weakness of this study has been that I haven’t had enough children to observe and interview, because I didn’t get the parents approval to use their children in the study. This might have affected the result. The theories I have used in the analysis has been Löfdahl's theories of secondary adjustments and play acts and Corsaro's theories about how children's use of language in play varies depending on what status they have and his theories of access strategies.  The study shows that children are aware of what social codes they should follow in their pre-school groups. The results showed that the children have developed various secondary adjustments, both to teachers and other children in the group. The most common entry strategy to gain access to a play was request for access. This was such an approved strategy, the children rarely tried to gain access by any other strategies. The children showed awareness of which status the other children in the group had, children with a higher status, more often were allowed to have the control in play.

The purpose of this study is to see how the nurseries are working around the pedagogical idea, how they have formulated their goals regarding science and how they evaluate whether they realized the goals. In this study , I have chosen to use qualitative methods , which then formed the basis for how the study was conducted - from planning, execution and analysis. As the investigation person I have found myself in the midst of the activities, to get an overall impression of the educational idea and thus gain insight into whether and activities and the educators thoughts match each other. In the local documents which examined it was seen that the goals of the curriculum were clear and the result was visible that the educators want to lay the foundations of science and give kids a better understanding about nature , recycling and the animals that live in our neighborhood. But what emerged was that the work of the pedagogical idea did not feel anchored , several of the teachers expressed that they have been told to design it and it is much to make it look good outwardly . / Syftet med den här undersökningen är att se hur några förskolor arbetar kring den pedagogiska idén, hur de har formulerat sina mål gällande naturvetenskap och hur de utvärderar om de förverkligat målen. I den här undersökningen har jag valt att använda mig av kvalitativa metoder, som sedan har legat till grund för hur studien utförts - från planering, genomförande och analys. Som undersökningsperson har jag befunnit mig mitt i verksamheten, för att få ett helhetsintryck av den pedagogiska idén och därmed få inblick i om verksamheten och pedagogernas tankar överensstämmer. I de lokala dokument som granskades såg man att målen från läroplanen fanns med mer eller mindre utförliga och pedagogerna vill lägga grunden i naturvetenskap och ge barnen ökad förståelse kring naturen, kretslopp och djuren som lever i vår närhet. Vidare visade resultaten och arbetet kring den pedagogiska idén inte var helt förankrat. Flera av pedagogerna uttryckte en osäkerhet kring uppdraget och uttryckte att man blivit tillsagda att utforma den och det är mycket för att det ska se bra ut utåt sett.

No description available.

The purpose of the present study is to determine the calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium content of the composite food, mid-morning fruit juice, fluid milk, and "seconds" of nursery school lunches.

The problem under investigation was the predictive value of a preschool screen. The subjects were 111 kindergartners. First, the need for a preschool screen was established. Second, the literature concerning other preschool devices was reviewed. Third, a specific screen was assessed in terms of validity. Fourth, a consideration of the predictive value of this screen in relation to scholastic achievement as indicated by the Metropolitan Readiness Test was made. A multiple regression analysis was performed, and the cross-validation of a number of prediction equations and cutoff scores was significant. Although statistical significance was achieved, high-risk youngsters could not be accurately identified. This research indicated that the instrument evaluated shows promise if refined by additional research.

No description available.

1 Abstract: This diploma thesis deals with the role of a book in a preschool child's family. The aim of the theoretical part is to point out the importance of a book reading to a pre-school child in a family and also to point out the importance of books, the position of children's literature in the multimedia world. The theoretical part also deals with the description of different kinds of books a child of this age may encounter and also with the demands on children's literature. Practical part deals with the interpretation of data gained through research lead in a form of half-structured interviews of a parent with a pre-school-age child. The survey observes books in a family in three areas: Book and the parent's own childhood, Current situation in adulthood and Current situation with the parent's own child. Emphasis is put especially on the situation with the parent's own child focused on the work with a book as a means of education, on the child's interest in books and reading, on the child's and parent's book choice and their library attendance. Key words: pre-school age, book, reading

Parents of preschool children and vaccination I. Author: Monika Miklasová Supervisor of thesis PharmDr. Helena Marešová Department of social and clinic pharmacy, Charles University in Prague, faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové. Introduction:In the Czech Republic is vaccination of children one of the most argue topic. Children`s vaccination is very important, because they are endangering the most of health and life. Periodically vaccination lead to reach high collective immunity. High vaccination is requirement. Objective: Purpose of my thesis was find out, what are actual parent`s opinions on faith, effectivity and safety of vaccination system, which depend on parent`s age and education - in this case help me questionnaires gave out in kindergartens of the Zlín region. I investigate parents knowledge about this issue, side effects and number of children, which are vaccinaciton with optionally vaccines. Methodology: In research was used method of questionnaires. Data were collected from october 2012 to april 2013. Questionnaires were distributed in kindergarten of Zlín region to parents, which have preschool children. Received questionnaires were processed method of frequency analysis. They were divided by age, education, software evaluated Microsoft Office Excel. Results were recorded as...