Returer är nödvändiga för att kunder ska kunna känna sig trygga med sitt köp, särskilt när det gäller modehandeln då kunderna inte kan se och prova produkten före inköpet. För att göra kunderna mer benägna att beställa kläder på nätet har det blivit en standard för modeföretag att erbjuda generösa returpolicys för sina kunder. Som resultat har andelen returer ökat vilket påverkar klimatet negativt, eftersom det innebär att fler paket skickas fram och tillbaka mellan kunderna och företaget, vilket medför stora mängder koldioxidutsläpp. För att försöka minska miljöpåverkan men fortfarande behålla kundnöjdheten har Aparna Mehta, Global Solutions Director vid UPS, tagit fram ett förslag. Konceptet heter Green Turn och uppmanar den returnerande kunden att skicka returen direkt till en annan kund, istället för tillbaka till företaget, vilket resulterar i en kortare transportsträcka. Som incitament för kunderna får den returnerande kunden lojalitetspoäng eller värdecheckar och mottagaren får varan till rabatterat pris. Syftet med denna studie är således att avgöra om svenska konsumenter är villiga att tillämpa Green Turn-konceptet, och för det andra att ta reda på om miljöintresset är drivkraften bakom detta eller om det är de ekonomiska vinsterna som lockar konsumenterna mest. Intervjuer med logistikföretaget Easycom och Aparna Mehta genomfördes för att få större förståelse för vad konceptet skulle innebära, medan enkät utfördes för att få en inledande uppfattning av konsumenters attityd och villighet att acceptera konceptet. Därefter har en fokusgruppsintervju anordnats få en djupare förståelse för vad som får konsumenter att tillämpa processen, samt för att identifiera faktorer inom Green Turn som respondenterna ser som potentiella hinder, för att kunna svara på forskningsfrågorna. Resultatet visar att svenska konsumenter är övervägande positiva gällande Green Turn-konceptet, och att miljöintresset är den främsta faktorn bakom detta. Dock uppfattades kvalitetskontrollen som en orsak till oro för respondenterna och således kommer denna studie till slutsatsen att konceptet bör anpassas för att bättre lämpas till den svenska marknaden / Consumer returns are necessary in order for customers to feel secure with their purchase, this is especially true when it comes to fashion e-commerce since customers cannot see and try the product before the time of purchase. To make customers more inclined to order clothing items online it has become a standard for fashion companies to offer lenient return policies to their customers. As a result the scale of returns have increased, which has a negative impact on the climate, since it means that more packages are being sent back and forth between the customers and the company, causing a high rate of ​CO2 ​emissions. To try and reduce the environmental impact, but still keep customer satisfaction, a different return process has been proposed by the Global Solutions Director at UPS, Aparna Mehta. The concept is called Green Turn and calls for the returning customer to send the return directly to another customer instead of the company, resulting in a shorter haul. As incentives for customers to be inclined to do so, the returner would earn loyalty points or vouchers, and the receiver would get the item at a discount. The purpose of this study is therefore to determine if Swedish consumers willingness to try and apply the Green Turn concept and secondly to find out if the environmental interest is the driving factor behind this or if it is the economic gains that attract consumers the most. Interviews with a logistics company and Aparna Mehta were conducted in order to understand more of what the concept would entail while a survey was conducted to get an initial sense of consumers attitude and willingness to adopt the concept. Thereafter, a focus group interview was held do get a deeper understanding of what might lead to consumers adopting the process, and to identify potential obstacles, in order to answer the research questions. The result reveals that Swedish consumers are predominantly positive in regards to the concept, and that the environmental interest is the leading factor behind this, however quality control was a cause of concern by the respondents and therefore this study comes to the conclusion that the concept should adapt different measures to better correspond to a Swedish market.

This study deals with a municipal solid waste management system in which the strategic and tactical decisions are addressed simultaneously. In the system, the number and locations of the transfer facilities which serve to the particular solid waste pick-up points and the landfill are determined. Additionally, routing plans are constructed for the vehicles which collect the solid waste from the pick-up points by regarding the load capacity of the vehicles and shift time restrictions. We formulate this reverse logistics system as a location-routing problem with two facility layers. Mathematical models of the problem are presented, and an iterative capacitated-k-medoids clustering-based heuristic method is proposed for the solution of the problem. Also, a sequential clustering-based heuristic method is presented as a benchmark to the iterative method. Computational studies are performed for both methods on the problem instances including up to 1000 pick-up points, 5 alternative transfer facility sites, and 25 vehicles. The results obtained show that the iterative clustering-based method developed achieves considerable improvement over the sequential clustering-based method.

近年來環保意識興起，越來越多國家、政府開始重視環境保護，隨著越來越多相關環保法令規章的通過，企業不得不將環保因素納入企業營運考量。考量到環保因素許多的原料不能再使用，有些原料則是必須回收後再使用來達到環境保護，所以企業不能再獨善其身，企業必須負責將自己售出的產品回收再處理，因此逆向物流(reverse logistics)漸漸地受企業重視。近幾年來越來越多學者投入逆向物流相關議題的研究，但大部份都是針對某單一供應鏈管理策略做探討，例如：楊昭峯(2002),”製造策略對逆向供應鏈績效之影響”。張嘉恆、蘇純繪、林君維(2005),”綠色供應鏈模擬存貨採購策略之研究”。郭文清(2004),”逆向供應鏈製造策略之探討”。本次的研究便是探討比較全面性的供應鏈策略組合造成的影響，希望找出在逆向物流下這些供應鏈管理策略組合對成本之影響？研究目的有二點： 一、 逆向物流下不同策略組合對成本的影響度。 二、 建議企業在哪種逆向物流環境下該採用何種策略組合。 本次的研究方法主要是透過模擬的方式來達成，藉由模擬的方式得知各種供應鏈管理策略組合對成本所造成的影響，而主要的策略架構於供應鏈協會(Supply Chain Council, SCC)所發展的SCOR Model，SCOR Model提供了供應鏈管理中的參考流程如Source(採購)、Make(製造)、Deliver(配送)、Return(回收)，這次研究的策略主要分成這四大區塊，再探討相關策略文獻應用於本研究。決定了相關策略後，再建立成本項目用來評估每一種組合所產生的影響，最後建立實驗模型與流程進行模擬實驗。 關鍵字﹕逆向物流、供應鏈管理、策略組合

The purpose with the study is to provide a basis for an implementable, improved returns management process. This will help to obtain an empirical result for Lager 157 and to fill any scientific knowledge gap. The study has been divided into two research questions that are of a hierarchical nature. The authors first want to map the return process in order to then make suggestions for improvements using collected data along with collected theory. Method – A single case study has been conducted because the authors are studying a process and want a more in-depth knowledge. The study is carried out on Lager 157, who is active in fashion retailing and has a pronounced strategy for omnichannels, where they use both stores and e-commerce. Because the study only is made on one company, the external validity will be low. But the authors will compare collected theory with the empirics, which will increase the external validity. The literature has been collected through different sources, such as; databases, snowballing and recommendations from teachers and fellow students. The methods for collecting data has been; interviews, observations and document studies. Triangulation of data has ensured that the collected data is correct. Findings – The authors have, together with data and theory, provided a basis on how the study company could improve their returns management. The basis stated is that a web-based return registration should be implemented early in the process but also that the stores should use the same ERP as they do in the e-commerce department. These suggestions are based on that the study company should highlight activities such as gatekeeping and return avoidance, which leads to an improved returns management. Because of these changes, the company can increase their process speed but also improve their process integration and take a step towards fully integrated omni channels. Implications –The study has provided with both empirical and scientific implications. The study company has, from the results, got an overview of their returns management but also been provided with suggestions that can lead to an improved returns management in the future. In the results, the study company can also see which effects these suggestions could have and see how the new returns management could look like compared to have it looked before. During the literature study, the authors found that research connected to omni channels and the focused area were missing. Based on this the authors have created a model which illustrates what the companies should prioritize. Because the study only is made on one single company, the authors thinks that there is room for further research where the model could be evaluated and evolved to fit a greater number of companies. Limitations – Because of a time limit of the study, a single case study was considered to be of high relevance. It gave the authors the opportunity to use different methods to collect data in order to strengthen the results obtained. The external validity would have been higher if an multi case study would have been conducted with a quantitative approach. The interviews where following a semi-structured structure because the authors wanted to gather a large amount of information and leave space for follow-up questions. The observations were unstructured in order to make sure that the observation object where acting naturally. On the other hand, a structured observation would have shown differences and deviations in the activities. The document studies were only used to find out which type of data that the study company did collect. This could have been more extensive in a quantitative focus on the study. / Syfte – Syftet med studien är att ta fram underlag för en implementerbar, förbättrad returprocess. Detta skall bidra till att få fram ett empiriskt resultat åt Lager 157 samt att fylla igen eventuella vetenskapliga kunskapsgap. Studien har delats in i två forskningsfrågor av en hierarkisk karaktär. Författarna vill först kartlägga returprocessen för att i sedan ta fram underlag för förbättringar med hjälp av insamlade data tillsammans med insamlad teori. Metod – En enfallsstudie har genomförts då författarna ämnar studera en process och vill ha en mer djupgående kunskap. Studien är genomförd på Lager 157 som är verksamma inom mode och har en uttalad strategi för omnihandel, där de använder sig av både butiker och e-handel. Då studien enbart är genomförd på ett fallföretag så kommer den externa validiteten vara låg. Däremot ämnar författarna jämföra insamlad teori med empirin, vilket stärker den externa validiteten. Författarna har samlat in litteratur genom olika tillvägagångssätt, såsom; databassökningar, snöbollsmetoden samt rekommendationer ifrån handledare och medstudenter. De metoder som har använts för att samla in data är; intervjuer, observationer och dokumentstudier. Triangulering av data har säkerställt att den insamlade data är korrekt. Resultat – Tillsammans med insamlade data och teori har författarna tagit fram underlag för hur fallföretaget skulle kunna förbättra sin process. Det underlag som tagits fram är dels att en webbaserad returregistrering bör implementeras tidigt i flödet samt att butikerna och e- handeln bör använda sig av samma affärssystem. Detta underlag har sin grund i att fallföretaget bör lyfta fram aktiviteter så som gatekeeping och return avoidance, vilket leder till en förbättrad returprocess. Effekterna anses bidra till att fallföretaget kan öka sin bearbetningshastighet men också förhöja sin processintegration och ta ett steg mot en fullt integrerad omnihandel. Implikationer – Studien har både tagit fram empiriska och vetenskapliga implikationer. Dels har fallföretaget utifrån studiens resultat fått en överblick i hur returprocessen ser ut men också fått ett underlag med åtgärdsförslag som kan leda till en förbättrad returprocess i framtiden. I studiens resultat kan fallföretaget se vilka effekter detta kan mynna ut i men också hur det nya flödet skulle komma att se ut i de båda kanalerna. Då forskning inom omnihandel kopplat till det studerade området ansågs saknas så har författarna tagit fram en modell som illustrerar vad företag bör prioritera. På grund av att studien enbart är genomförd på ett företag anser forskarna att det finns ett tillfälle för vidare forskning, där modellen kan utvärderas och utvecklas för att passa ett större antal företag. Begränsningar – Då författarna har en tidsbegränsning kopplat till arbetet ansåg författarna att en enfallstudie var av högst relevans. Detta gav även möjligheten för författarna att ta användning av olika datainsamlingstekniker för att stärka de resultat som tagits fram. Om en flerfallstudie hade genomförts med mer kvantitativ datainsamling hade det gett en mer överblickande bild, vilket skulle kunna stärka den externa validiteten. De intervjuer som genomfördes följde en semistrukturerad struktur då författarna ämnade att samla in en stor mängd information och där utrymme fanns för följdfrågor. De observationer som genomfördes var ostrukturerade för att säkerställa att observationsobjekten betedde sig naturligt. Däremot hade en strukturerad observation visat på skillnader och avvikelser i aktiviteterna. Dokumentstudierna användes enbart för att säkerställa vilken typ av data som samlades in i dagsläget och kunde ha varit mer omfattande vid en kvantitativ inriktning på studien.

This paper reports the study of soils contaminated with mineral insulating oil in order to propose remediation processes that are best suited to them. The processes of soil treatment methods involve physical, chemical and biological, and in many cases necessary combination thereof. The proper study of the effects that can be caused by the contamination of the soil above a classification comprising aspects such as adsorption desorption processes, leaching, solubilization, among others. Contaminated soils were used in the Triangulo Mineiro region, the classification being conducted following the procedures described by the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT), NBR 10004, NBR 10005, NBR 10006 and NBR 10007. From the obtained results it can be seen that the extent of contamination is limited to the area necessary to saturate the soil in the oil. Under the experimental conditions determined by Brazilian standards contamination is confined to this area, there are no processes and leaching significant. These results propose a great possibility that these remediation for contaminated soils can be implemented in the actual contaminated site without commitment and leaching processes that lead to environmental commitment. / O presente trabalho relata o estudo de solos contaminados com óleo mineral isolante com o objetivo de propor processos de remediação que sejam mais adequados aos mesmos. Os processos de tratamento do solo englobam métodos físicos, químicos e biológicos, sendo em muitos casos necessária a combinação dos mesmos. O estudo adequado dos efeitos que podem ser desencadeados pela contaminação do solo precede de uma classificação contemplando aspectos como forma de adsorção de dessorção, processos de lixiviação, solubilização entre outros. Foram utilizados solos contaminados da região do Triângulo Mineiro, considerando a classificação realizada através dos procedimentos descritos pela Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas (ABNT), NBR 10004, NBR 10005, NBR 10006 e NBR 10007. Pelos resultados obtidos pode ser verificado que a extensão da contaminação se restringe a área necessária para saturar o solo pelo óleo. Nas condições experimentais determinadas pelas normas brasileiras, a contaminação se restringe a esta área, não havendo processos de lixiviação e solubilização significativos. Tais resultados ensejam uma grande possibilidade de que a remediação para estes solos contaminados possa ser executada no próprio local contaminado sem comprometimento de processos de lixiviação e solubilização que levem ao comprometimento ambiental. / Doutor em Geografia

Aujourd’hui, la compétition croissante, l'expansion des marchés et les progrès de la technologie engendrent un raccourcissement du cycle de vie des processus de développement des produits afin d’en améliorer les performances en termes de délai, coût et qualité. Ce raccourcissement du cycle de vie a engendré un accroissement des volumes de déchet généré et des conséquences que cela peut avoir sur l’environnement. Au niveau de l’Union européenne, des directives ont été introduites, tels que la gestion des déchets d'équipements électriques et électroniques (WEEE), la restriction de l'utilisation de certaines substances dangereuses dans les équipements électriques et électroniques (RoHS) et les directives pour le traitement des batteries usagées (Battery); ces directives permettent de limiter l'utilisation et le recyclage des substances dangereuses nocives pour la santé et pour l'environnement.Ces nouvelles réglementations et normes, permettant de gérer de manière efficace les retours et la fin de vie des produits (recovery process), ont été mises en place afin d'obliger les entreprises à assumer leurs responsabilités en termes de gestion des produits en fin de vie. Certaines entreprises ont montré que les produits recyclés ou réutilisés peuvent être une source supplémentaire de revenu (recyclage des matériaux, ou réutilisation des composants après démontage) dans le processus de fabrication.Ces connaissances liées à la performance environnementale (au niveau des processus de conception, de production, de transport, d’entreposage, de récupération…) devraient êtres saisies, évaluées et capitalisées dans des bases de connaissances afin d’être prisent en compte durant les différents phases du cycle de vie des produits.Nos travaux de recherche proposent donc de développer une architecture de gestion des connaissances (Knowledge Management Architecture) basée sur un Système Multi-Agents. L’objectif est de proposer un système qui met l'accent sur les concepts de « durabilité des produits et des cycles de vie », en établissant des liens entre des Agents Logiciels détenteurs de connaissances liées à la réglementation environnementale et les Systèmes d’Information de type PLM. Ces interconnexions permettront aux décideurs de prendre en compte les impacts environnementaux dans leurs décisions et ceci à chaque phase du cycle de vie des produits. / The increasing of competition, expanding markets and advanced technology create shorten lifecycle and the development process to improve product performance in terms of time, cost and quality. These shorten products lifecycle have led to increase volumes of waste generation and consequence impact to environment. EU directives have been introduced, such as Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE), Restriction of the use of certain Hazardous Substances in electrical and electronic equipment (RoHS) and guidelines for the treatment of waste batteries (Battery), these directives are used to handle the hazardous substances which are harmful to human health and the environment.These regulations and standards have been put in place to force companies take their responsibilities on managing their products when reach to the end of life. Some companies have found that the returned product can be recycled or reused as an additional source of income (material recycling, or reuse of components after disassembly) in the manufacturing process.Knowledge related to the environmental performance (in terms of process design, production, transportation, storage, etc.) should be captured, evaluated and stored in knowledge base in order to share between users in different phases of the product lifecycle.Therefore, this research proposes a Knowledge Management Architecture based on a Multi-Agent System approach. The objective of this work is to propose a system that focuses on the concept of "sustainability” of products lifecycle by establishing the link between agents, who hold knowledge related to the environmental performances, and PLM system. The connection encourages companies considering the environmental impacts in their decision making at every stage of product lifecycle.

Em qualquer setor onde exista fornecimento de materiais, as decisões da recuperação do material não conforme são relevantes. Este trabalho estuda as decisões da recuperação de material não conforme na indústria Aeronáutica, onde o seu produto final tem um longo ciclo de fabricação e de suprimento e elevado custo o que exige que o tempo dessa recuperação seja o mínimo possível. O material não conforme tem diferentes destinos, podendo ser recuperado através do retorno ao fornecedor ou oficina autorizada, ou ainda ser destruído. Esse trabalho utiliza o conhecimento da Logística Reversa como suporte para essa decisão de recuperação, porém sob a ótica do cliente e não do fornecedor como a maioria da literatura apresenta. Muitas vezes, o custo dessa recuperação é muito maior que o de uma nova aquisição e nesse tipo específico de indústria 95% do material comprado é importado tornando a logística ainda mais difícil. Este trabalho propõe a utilização de um modelo heurístico, que decide o destino do material não conforme. Os parâmetros para medidas de desempenho desse modelo é a comparação de dados do histórico de itens recuperados pela empresa estudada com os dados obtidos pelo modelo heurístico. / In any company where supply of materials exists, the decisions of recovering non-conform materials are relevant. This paper studies these decisions in an aerospace company, which its finished product has a long production and supply cycles with a high cost, what demands that the time of this recovery be as short as possible. The non-conform material has different destinies, being recovered through the return to the supplier or authorized workshop, or still to be destroyed. This paper uses the knowledge of the Reverse Logistics as a support for that recovery decision, however under the customer’s point of view and not of the supplier as most of the literature presents. A lot of times, the cost of that recovery is much larger than the one of a new acquisition and in that specific type of industry 95% of the bought material is imported turning the reverse logistics still more difficult. This work proposes the use of a heuristic model, which decides the destiny of the non-conform materials. The parameters for measures of acting of that model are the comparison of data of the report of items recovered by the company studied against the data obtained by the heuristic model.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2017-05-22T19:45:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Henrique Manoel Riani Mendes.pdf: 4639180 bytes, checksum: 66cb09c6505337b611b44749fefcd115 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-22T19:45:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Henrique Manoel Riani Mendes.pdf: 4639180 bytes, checksum: 66cb09c6505337b611b44749fefcd115 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-08 / The present work sought to analyze the main concepts and practices related to the Reverse Logistic of Electrical and Electronic Equipment (EEE), considering the urgency of structuring systems in Brazil that meets the goals imposed by the legislation. Although some companies already present solutions to serve consumers who wish to discard their products, the goals imposed by Brazilian legislation represent a great challenge to be faced by individual companies, in addition it brings a scenario of uncertainties and high costs for management. To conduct this work, a qualitative exploratory and descriptive research was carried out, through a documentary analysis, bibliographic research and interviews. At first, the WEEE Take Back system of different countries were analysed, in order to identify a reference case which was the object of an in-depth case study. The case in question was the Swiss system, recognized as the first to be implemented in the world, in addition to being structured differently from the others and presenting one of the highest collection rates of WEEE per inhabitant in the world. Next, the brazilian scenario is presented indicating how companies, manufacturers of Electrical and Electronics Equipments, are organizing themselves to structure their systems of Reverse Logistics in the country. In the conduction of this work, semi-structured questionnaires were applied to the representatives of the Swiss Management Entities (PROs), in addition to the analysis of documents and reports published by these institutions. We also consulted several articles in the literature, which were the subsidy to compare data obtained from primary sources. In general, it can be concluded that the structuring of collective systems to operationalize reverse logistics brings benefits both to the company and to the efficiency of the system. It is also recommended to create more than one PRO to take care of specific groups of products, which require different logistics operations. In this way, these PROs can become specialized in a certain logistics operation, optimizing the process and reducing costs for their associates. Finally, it is suggested that a cooperation must exist between these Management Entities, aiming at the exchange of experiences and the joint construction of requirements and quality standards for the whole system. / O presente trabalho tratou de analisar os principais conceitos e práticas relacionados à Logística Reversa de Eletroeletrônicos, tendo em vista a urgência de se estruturar sistemas no Brasil, que atendam às metas impostas pela legislação. Apesar de algumas empresas já apresentarem soluções para atender os consumidores que desejam descartar seus produtos, as metas impostas pela legislação brasileira representam um grande desafio a ser encarado pelas empresas individualmente, além de trazer um cenário de incertezas e elevado custo para a gestão. Para conduzir este trabalho, foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa exploratória e descritiva, através de uma análise documental, pesquisa bibliográfica e entrevistas. De início foram avaliados como estão estruturados os sistemas de Logística Reversa de Eletroeletrônicos de diversos países para se identificar um caso referência, o qual foi objeto de um estudo de caso aprofundado. O caso em questão foi o sistema suíço, reconhecido como o primeiro a ser implementado no mundo, além de ser estruturado de forma diferenciada dos demais e apresentar um dos maiores índices de coleta de Eletroeletrônicos por habitante no mundo. Em seguida, é apresentado o cenário brasileiro e como as empresas, fabricantes de Eletroeletrônicos, estão se organizando para estruturar seus sistemas de Logística Reversa no país. Na execução deste trabalho foram aplicados questionários semiestruturados aos representantes das gestoras suíças, além da análise de documentos e relatórios publicados por estas instituições. Foram também consultados diversos artigos da literatura, que foram o subsídio para confrontar os dados obtidos das fontes primárias. De modo geral, pode-se concluir que a estruturação de sistemas coletivos para operacionalizar a logística reversa traz benefícios tanto para a empresa, quanto para a eficiência do sistema. Recomenda-se inclusive, a criação de mais de uma Entidade Gestora para cuidar de grupos específicos de produtos, os quais demandam operações logísticas distintas. Desta forma, estas Gestoras tornam-se especializadas em determinada operação logística, otimizando o processo e reduzindo custos para suas associadas. Por fim, é sugerido que exista uma interação entre estas Gestoras, visando a troca de experiências e a construção conjunta de requisitos e padrões de qualidade para todo o sistema.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:54:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jaqueline Gomes.pdf: 3380119 bytes, checksum: c2f5ebdd86761d38ccbed42052156d29 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-19 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas / Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) have toxic compounds as well as materials susceptible of reutilization, deserving for instance an especial attention to the extent that there is a growing trend to sell such equipments, and consequently increasing the making of this kind of residues. By means of international and national levels it is possible to identify directives, specific laws, studies and several other proceedings ruling REEE problem. In this study, besides bibliographic survey, it was utilized data collected from actors interviews (customers, recycling and technical support enterprises, environmental control agencies), which turned possible to formulate REE flux, and estimate REEE production in 2020. In Manaus there is still a lack of investigation toward REEE thematic especially linked to post-consumption housing residues and inadequate logistical structure of several modals (aerial, roadway, and fluvial) imperiling the establishment of reverse logistical system. In regard to the estimate production for Manaus in 2020, it was found 0,03 kg/in habitant, computer 0,96 kg/in habitant television set 0,44 kg/in habitant and refrigerator 3,49 kg/in habitant the sum of that equipment totaling 4.92 kg/in habitant. As for REEE logistic practical reverse, we figured out that they are still very timid and actions identified were for the most part at international and national scenario. Results showed absence in Manaus of a system and/or plan of management for REEE post housing consumption, as well as enterprises and population inertia concerning the destination of this kind of residues, i.e. both of them wait for governmental initiative, in this sense REEE turned to donation is sent to sanitary levee together with domiciliary residues. / Os resíduos de equipamentos eletroeletrônicos (REEE) por terem em sua composição diversos materiais passíveis de recuperação e tóxicos merecem especial atenção, pois os números indicam sempre uma tendência crescente nas vendas destes equipamentos e como consequência aumenta também a geração deste tipo de resíduo. No âmbito internacional e nacional já é possível identificar diretivas, leis específicas, estudos e diversos eventos que tratam da questão dos REEE. Nesta pesquisa, além do levantamento bibliográfico, utilizou-se coleta de dados através de entrevistas junto aos atores (consumidores, empresas de reciclagem e assistências técnicas, órgãos de controle ambiental), permitindo a elaboração de um fluxo dos REEE, e a obtenção de um cálculo da estimativa de REEE (aparelho de celular, computador, geladeira e televisor) que serão gerados em 2020. No município de Manaus ainda há carência de pesquisas voltadas a temática dos REEE em especial aos resíduos residenciais de pós-consumo, bem como, a fragilidade na estrutura logística dos diversos modais (aéreo, viário e aquaviário), o que compromete a implantação de sistemas de logística reversa. Quanto à geração per capita estimada para a cidade de Manaus em 2020, obteve-se para celular 0,03 kg/hab, computador 0,96 kg/hab, televisor 0,44 kg/hab e geladeira 3,49 kg/hab, a soma destes equipamentos equivale ao total de 4,92 kg/hab. Sobre as práticas de logística reversa dos REEE, percebe-se que estas ainda são tímidas, as ações identificadas foram em sua grande maioria no âmbito nacional e internacional. Os resultados mostraram a inexistência em Manaus de um sistema ou plano de gerenciamento dos REEE pós-consumo gerados nos domicílios, bem como, a inércia das empresas e população quanto à destinação deste tipo de resíduos, pois ambos esperam por iniciativas dos governos, neste sentido, os REEE acabam tendo como destinação a doação e o envio para o aterro sanitário do município juntamente com os resíduos domiciliares.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:36:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Celso Luchezzi.pdf: 3145897 bytes, checksum: 9bc68a1562b53f0848bb954c94689512 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-25 / The Construction is occupying its space industry and becoming a major industry on the national scene because its growth trend, driven by the Programa de Aceleração ao Crescimento (PAC), Minha Casa Minha Vida sponsored by Caixa Econômica, and also by the events of the World Cup in 2014 and Olympic Games 2016 in Rio de Janeiro. Due to these facts, there are initiatives for sustainable growth together with the National Solid Waste Policy, Law 12.305 , which is causing companies in the Construction sector begin to worry about the trash generated , giving due importance to recycling materials because these materials can generate many opportunities within the supply chain resulting from the revaluation of waste (rubble). Due to these facts, companies like Brazilian Associação Brasileira para Reciclagem de Resíduos da Construção Civil e Demolição (ABRECON), Estação Resgate, RMP Recicladora de Entulho e Recinert Abientale arise in the Brazilian market at the moment is no need to think of ways to sustainable disposal of waste (rubble) materials, who present solutions to recycling this waste (rubble) generated today. The challenge in this sector is to show the possibility of recycling materials and obtain financial and environmental gains preserving natural resources, not promoting accumulation of garbage in the works. The recycling of materials in Construction comes against the awareness of people involved in the generation of waste (rubble), in order to promote proper separation at source process, facilitating the work of collection and the consequent transformation into other products in order to reuse them within the production chain through structured Reverse Logistics. In this work, a case study was conducted in the works Construction, to identify the different types of waste generated, which will be classified and shown the possibilities for reuse, seeking their recycling. / A indústria da Construção Civil vem ocupando seu espaço e se tornando um setor importante no cenário nacional devido sua tendência de crescimento, impulsionada pelas obras do Programa de Aceleração ao Crescimento (PAC), programa Minha Casa Minha Vida patrocinando pela Caixa Econômica, e também pelos eventos da Copa do Mundo em 2014 e os Jogos Olímpicos em 2016 no Rio de Janeiro. Devido a estes fatos, surgem iniciativas de crescimento sustentável juntamente com a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos (PNRS), a Lei 12.305, que está fazendo com que as empresas do setor de Construção Civil comecem a se preocupar com o lixo (entulho) gerado, dando a devida importância à reciclagem de entulhos, pois estes materiais podem gerar muitas oportunidades dentro da cadeia produtiva decorrente da revalorização dos resíduos. Devido a estes fatos, empresas como a Associação Brasileira para Reciclagem de Resíduos da Construção Civil e Demolição (ABRECON), Estação Resgate, RMP Recicladora de Entulho e Recinert Abientale, surgem no mercado brasileiro no momento em que há necessidade de se pensar em formas de descartes sustentáveis, de materiais e ou de resíduos da Construção Civil, sendo que hoje elas apresentam soluções para reciclagem desse lixo (entulho) gerado. O desafio desse setor é mostrar a possibilidade de reciclar materiais e obter ganhos financeiros e ambientais preservando recursos naturais, não promovendo acúmulos de lixo nas obras. A reciclagem de materiais na Construção Civil vem de encontro à conscientização das pessoas envolvidas no processo de geração do lixo (entulho), com o intuito de promover a separação correta na fonte geradora facilitando o trabalho de coleta e, consequente, transformação em outros produtos de forma a reutilizá-los dentro da cadeia produtiva da Construção Civil através de uma Logística Reversa estruturada. Neste trabalho foi realizado um estudo de caso em obras da Construção Civil, visando identificar os diferentes tipos de resíduos gerados, os quais devem ser classificados e mostrados as possibilidades de reuso na Construção Civil, visando sua reciclagem de modo a criar oportunidades na cadeia produtiva.