Thesis (M.A. (Afrikaans and Dutch))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.

This study explores the possibilities of rewriting the text of a complex novel as a film script. Film is an important contemporary artform but the actuality of the thematic content of contemporary Afrikaans novels is not well represented in current films. In this study an adaptation of the novel, The long silence of Mario Salviati by Etienne van Heerden (2000) ,t o a script is made in an attempt to provide the Afrikaans scriptwriter with a workable method. The theme which features prominently in the adaptation is the experience of identity in the post-colonial and/or post-apartheid era in South Africa. Theoretical reflection on the problem of adaptation is essential before the chosen novel can be turned into a script, since the scriptwriter has to make certain adjustments during the process of adaptation. The adaptation of a novel to a script implies the translation of a written, descriptive text into a visual text. When a complex novel such as The long silence of Mario Salviati is rewritten as a script, a detailed analysis of the novel must be undertaken in order to identify the relevant ideological content, the important themes and underlying meanings which should be retained in the film script. In order to find appropriate visual images for the thematic content of the novel, contributions of semiotics to film studies are studied and implemented in the process of visualisation. The chosen theme for the script of The long silence of Mario Salviati is "Identity, hybridity and liminality in the Tallejare community". This theme features prominently in many narratives about post-colonial and post-apartheid issues; therefore theoretical reflections on the concepts of liminality and hibridity are included in the study. There are two main sections in the dissertation. In the first section aspects of scriptwriting are analysed and discussed in order to develop a workable method for scriptwriters. The study entertains the hope that more contemporary Afrikaans novels will be adapted for the big screen or television by the film industry. This is necessary to ensure that the experience of South African identity is represented adequately in the Afrikaans film industry. The second section of the dissertation contains the film script, which is an adaptation of the novel The long silence of Mario Salviati by Etienne van Heerden. The script forms an integral part of the study as well as of the dissertation. / Thesis (M.A. (Afrikaans and Dutch))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.

This study explores the possibilities of rewriting the text of a complex novel as a film script. Film is an important contemporary artform but the actuality of the thematic content of contemporary Afrikaans novels is not well represented in current films. In this study an adaptation of the novel, The long silence of Mario Salviati by Etienne van Heerden (2000) ,t o a script is made in an attempt to provide the Afrikaans scriptwriter with a workable method. The theme which features prominently in the adaptation is the experience of identity in the post-colonial and/or post-apartheid era in South Africa. Theoretical reflection on the problem of adaptation is essential before the chosen novel can be turned into a script, since the scriptwriter has to make certain adjustments during the process of adaptation. The adaptation of a novel to a script implies the translation of a written, descriptive text into a visual text. When a complex novel such as The long silence of Mario Salviati is rewritten as a script, a detailed analysis of the novel must be undertaken in order to identify the relevant ideological content, the important themes and underlying meanings which should be retained in the film script. In order to find appropriate visual images for the thematic content of the novel, contributions of semiotics to film studies are studied and implemented in the process of visualisation. The chosen theme for the script of The long silence of Mario Salviati is "Identity, hybridity and liminality in the Tallejare community". This theme features prominently in many narratives about post-colonial and post-apartheid issues; therefore theoretical reflections on the concepts of liminality and hibridity are included in the study. There are two main sections in the dissertation. In the first section aspects of scriptwriting are analysed and discussed in order to develop a workable method for scriptwriters. The study entertains the hope that more contemporary Afrikaans novels will be adapted for the big screen or television by the film industry. This is necessary to ensure that the experience of South African identity is represented adequately in the Afrikaans film industry. The second section of the dissertation contains the film script, which is an adaptation of the novel The long silence of Mario Salviati by Etienne van Heerden. The script forms an integral part of the study as well as of the dissertation. / Thesis (M.A. (Afrikaans and Dutch))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.

Cette thèse a pour objectif de mieux comprendre les états émotionnels des enseignants d’E.P français et catalans et leurs modalités d’expression en situation de classe. Les participants ont été filmés en situation réelle d’enseignement durant 10 séances, puis des entretiens ont effectués immédiatement après la leçon pour recueillir les mesures des intensités d’état de colère et leurs verbalisations. Ces données ont d’abord permis l’élaboration de 144 fiches illustratives faisant référence à leurs états émotionnels, aux éléments signifiants du contexte, à leur manière de faire face, et à leurs justifications. Cellesci ont ensuite été analysées au travers d’un traitement mixte. Les résultats ont indiqué des différences entre les enseignants français et catalans, liées à la fois aux normes culturelles et à leur expérience. Les analyses qualitatives et quantitatives ont porté sur : (1) les types de provocations d’élèves (niveau d’organisation des règles transgressées, intensités générées chez les enseignants, caractère sexué), (2) les états de colère (intensité, travail émotionnel), (3) les modalités d’expression (colère « In », « Out », « contrôlée »), et (4) les variables situationnelles expliquant la variabilité des intensités (degré du dommage, caractère volontaire). Les spécificités supposées de la relation professeur-élèves en éducation physique et les caractéristiques de contexte des écoles classées en éducation prioritaire sont discutées au regard des résultats / The main objective of this doctoral dissertation was to understand in greater details the emotional states in french and catalan physical education teachers, and to see how they might express it when the perceived student misbehavior. Teachers have been videotaped when interacting with the students in classroom during 10 lessons. We further evaluated the intensity of the emotional states and recorded the participants’ comments during retrospective interviews. These data led to the elaboration of 144 briefs representative descriptions referring to their emotional states, the significant characteristics of the context, the way to react, and their justifications. Furthermore, these data were analysed using mixed methodology. Overall, he results provided evidence of group differences, probably due to cultural norms and expertise. Qualitative and quantitative analyses qere carried out to determine (1) the student’smisbehaviors (level of organization, intensity of the teacher’s emotional state, gender), (2) emotional states (intensity, emotional work), (3) the way to express it (anger “In”, “out”, “control”), and (4) situational variables predicting the variability of the intensity (degree of damage, volunteer characteristics). The specificity of the relationship between teachers and students in physical education and school context caracterics in priority areas is specifically discussed

This diploma thesis deals with the speed of writing of pupils in the third year of elementary school. The theoretical part focuses on the history of script and it includes for instance writing substances, equipment used for writing and historical methods of writing. There are also discussed the current methods of writing on primary schools, hygienic and working habits, qualitative and quantitative signs of script and the specific learning disorders. The research part summarizes the results of the practical part of this thesis. It involved pupils in the third year of a primary school who rewrote a particular text within a two-minute time limit. After they finished, the letters were counted and the results were compared to the tables from the previous years. The thesis includes pictures, tables, graphs and examples of writing tasks of some chosen pupils.

Questa tesi ha come scopo quello di investigare la relazione tra etnicità, modalità di commissione del crimine e struttura relazionale di differenti reti etniche coinvolte nella tratta per sfruttamento sessuale. E’ realizzata un’analisi di due reti criminali dell’Africa occidentale e di due dei Balcani mediante l’applicazione di due metodi: la crime script analysis e l’analisi di rete. I risultati ottenuti sono stati uniti per capire come le relazioni tra gli individui sono distribuite all’interno della cornice criminale. Da ultimo, i casi studio sono stati comparati per verificare se esiste una relazione tra etnicità e tratta per sfruttamento sessuale, anche indipendentemente dall’ambito di sfruttamento. I risultati mostrano che l’etnicità ha un impatto sulla tratta per sfruttamento sessuale. In particolare, influenza il modus operandi e le caratteristiche socio-biografiche degli attori che operano nelle reti impegnate nello stesso ambito di sfruttamento. Se sono considerati differenti ambiti di sfruttamento, messi in atto sia dallo stesso che da differenti gruppi etnici, l’etnicità non sembra influenzare né le modalità di commissione del crimine né le caratteristiche dei soggetti. Infatti, anche l’ambito di sfruttamento indoor/outdoor sembra essere rilevante. Al contrario, la struttura relazionale e la relazione tra questa e le modalità di commissione del crimine non sembrano essere influenzate dall’etnicità. / This thesis aims at investigating the relationship among ethnicity, modalities of crime commission and relational structure of different ethnic networks involved in sex trafficking. A case study analysis of two West African and two Balkan networks is carried out by the adoption of two methods: crime script analysis and social network analysis. A merger of the results obtained in these analyses is performed in order to understand how relationships among individuals are distributed within the criminal framework. Finally, the case studies are compared to verify whether a relationship exists between ethnicity and sex trafficking, also apart from the field of exploitation. The results show that ethnicity has an impact on sex trafficking. In particular, it influences modi operandi and the socio-biographical characteristics of the members of the networks operating in the same field of exploitation. If different fields of exploitation are considered, both carried out by same or different ethnic groups, ethnicity appears to affect neither the modalities of crime commission nor the features of the people. Indeed, also the outdoor/indoor exploitation context seems to be relevant. Conversely, the relational structure and the relation between the latter and the modalities of crime commission do not seem to be affected by ethnicity.

Syfte - Syftet med studien är att i restaurangbranschen undersöka om service med integrerad självserviceteknologi medför en högre eller lägre kundnöjdhet jämfört med service utan integrerad självserviceteknologi. Hypotes - I restaurangbranschen medför service med integrerad själv-serviceteknologi en högre kundnöjdhet än service utan självserviceteknologi. Metod - Studien utgår från en tvärsnittsdesign med deduktiv ansats där sekundär- och primärdata består av tidigare forskning, teorier och enkäter. Analysen av den kvantitativa enkätdatan genomfördes med hjälp av Mann Whitney U-test och Spearmans rang-korrelation. Resultat - Studiens resultat visade att i restaurangbranschen medför service med integrerad självserviceteknologi en högre kundnöjdhet än service utan integrerad självserviceteknologi. Avgränsningar - Studien avgränsar sig till att granska kundnöjdheten i service-processer med mobilapplikationsbaserad självserviceteknologi och inte någon annan teknologi. Kunskapsbidrag - Skapa underlag för ledningar i restaurangbranschen om huruvida de borde ta hänsyn till digitaliseringen eller inte samt om de borde förändra sin strategi gällande serviceprocessen / Purpose - The purpose of this study is to examine whether the service process with integrated self-service technology in the restaurant industry entails a higher or lower customer satisfaction than service without integrated self-service technology. Hypothesis - Service with integrated self-service technology in the restaurant industry entails a higher customer satisfaction than service without integrated self-service technology. Methodology - Secondary research and quantitative surveys were used to answer the research question. The study has a cross-sectional design and a deductive approach, where the analysis was conducted through a Mann Whitney U-test and Spearman’s rank correlation. Findings - The results of the study found that, in the restaurant industry, service with integrated self-service technology entails a higher level of customer satisfaction than service without integrated self-service technology. Limitations - The study examines the level of customer satisfaction in services with integrated mobile applications and no other self-service technology. Originality/Value - The study creates a basis for the leading positions in the restaurant industry about whether they should take into account the digitalization or not and if they should change their strategy regarding the service process.

The thesis deals with contemporary Czech serial production in terms of script development. It focuses primarily on the development of screenplays for the series on Česká televize and on drama series with one-hour episodes. It compares the development in the Czech environment with British and American practice. It maps the current Czech serial environment, creates an overview of contemporary Czech serials in broadcasting and clarifies the basics of narrative serial structure. It contains a comparison of selected pilot parts in terms of their narrative structure. It focuses on both screenwriting practice and development practices from the point of view of the television of public service, in the case of the American production it focuses on the Hollywood system. It uses methods of qualitative analysis of scripts, in-depth semi-structured interviews with creative producers and comparison of script development in individual productions.

In the design of a railway bridge that is meant for train speeds larger than 200 km/h, the Swedish Traffic Administration requires a dynamic analysis in addition to the conventional static design. The models used for static design may not always be suitable for dynamic analysis, which could lead to inaccurate estimations of the dynamic response. The reason for this is a limited knowledge of the actual structural dynamic behaviour of bridges, which is why a hydraulic bridge exciter has been developed. With this device, smaller bridges can be excited in a load- or displacement-controlled manner under variable frequency and load. By having known inputs, the bridges’ dynamic properties can be evaluated using experimental modal analysis. A finite element model of the double tracked railway bridge Pershagen was created in order to plan a pilot test of the bridge exciter. The influence of the load amplitude and sweep rate was evaluated. A theoretically optimal excitation position was also investigated in order to excite as many eigenmodes as possible from one position during the pilot test. Based on these results, a pilot test was performed on the Pershagen Bridge. The dynamic properties of the bridge were evaluated based on the results from the test. From the pilot test it could be concluded that the load amplitude had a direct influence on the dynamic properties of the bridge, hence the dynamic behaviour is non-linear. The 1st vertical bending mode and its dynamic properties could also be identified. / Då en järnvägsbro som är avsedd för tåghastigheter över 200 km/h ska dimensioneras ställs det krav av Trafikverket att en dynamisk analys av bron skall utföras, utöver konventionell statisk dimensionering. De bromodeller som används för statisk analys är dock inte alltid lämpliga för dynamisk analys, vilket kan leda till felaktiga skattningar gällande den dynamiska inverkan. Anledningen till detta är att kunskapen om broars dynamiska egenskaper är begränsade, och av denna anledning har en lastexciterare utvecklats. Med hjälp av denna anordning kan mindre broar exciteras med kontrollerad last eller förskjutning under variabel frekvens och last. Då dessa input-parametrar är kända kan broars dynamiska egenskaper utvärderas genom experimentell modal analys. En finit element-modell av den tvåspåriga järnvägsbron vid Pershagen har skapats för att kunna planera ett pilottest av lastexciteraren. Svephastigheten och lastamplituden har analyserats. En teoretiskt optimal exciteringsposition har utvärderats för att excitera största möjliga antal moder från en och samma position under pilottestet. Utifrån dessa resultat utfördes ett pilottest på bron vid Pershagen, där brons dynamiska egenskaper utvärderades utifrån resultaten. Från pilottestet kunde en slutsats dras om att lastamplituden hade en direkt inverkan på de dynamiska egenskaperna, vilket betyder att det dynamiska beteendet är olinjärt. Den första vertikala böjmoden och dess dynamiska egenskaper kunde också fastställas.

Les théories cognitives considèrent régulièrement le répertoire de réponses parmi les multitudes de facteurs modulant l’utilisation de comportements agressifs en situations sociales, mais peu d’études explorent le concept à l’aide de mesures adéquates reflétant la nature automatique et instantanée des processus cognitifs qui s’y jouent. Cette étude se base sur de précédents travaux faisant l’utilisation de potentiels reliés aux évènements (PRE) pour l’étude de certains aspects du traitement de l’information sociale liée à l’agression. L’activité électrique du cerveau des participants fut enregistrée pendant la lecture de scénarios sociaux hostiles mettant en scènes des réactions hypothétiques à des provocations ambiguës. Les participants placés dans le groupe agressif ont montré une N400 plus ample suivant la lecture d’un mot cible décrivant une réaction non-hostile face à une situation problématique que les participants non-agressifs. Cette déflexion fut également observée chez les participants non-agressifs, mais elle n’est pas statistiquement significative. Cette différence peut être comprise comme une déficience d’accès aux réponses non-hostiles chez les participants agressifs. La présente étude met en évidence les différences au niveau du répertoire de réponses chez les personnes agressives et non-agressives et démontre l’utilité des techniques PRE dans l’étude des processus cognitifs sous-tendant les comportements agressifs. / Behavioral script repertoires are often discussed in socio-cognitive theories as part of the multitude of factors that modulate the use of aggressive behavior in response to problematic social situations, yet few studies explored the concept with measures capable of properly navigating the instantaneous and automatic access to such repertoires. This study bases itself on previous works using event-related potential (ERP) techniques to study aspects of social information processing of aggression. Participants’ brain activity was recorded as they read somewhat hostile social scenarios involving hypothetical behavioral responses to provocations. Participants in the aggressive group showed a statistically significant larger negative shift around 400 ms in the ERP waveform following the reading of a target word describing a non-hostile reaction to a problematic social situation than of a target word describing a hostile reaction, compatible to an N400 effect. Though observed as well, this N400 effect was statistically non-significant in the nonaggressive group. This group difference could be understood as a deficiency in accessing nonaggressive behavioral responses in script repertoires for aggressive individuals. The present study showcases some of the differences between aggressive and nonaggressive people regarding the access to the script repertoire and further proves the usefulness of ERP techniques in the study of cognitive processes underlying aggression.