Many people especially women are feeling unsafe when being outdoors. This leads to restriction in the daily life and a reduced quality of life. This problem can be reduced by awareness in the physical planning. The aim of this study is therefore to examine how three municipalizes in Västernorrand are working with physical planning to create a safer environment. The study is based on interviews with planners and local plan documents. The local plan document is used to see structures and the interviews is to how the planners are working for creating a safe environment by physical planning. The study shows that the local planners are aware of the importance of planning for a safe environment. The study has located deficits in the support from higher instances and cooperation between different instances in the municipality. By giving the planers more support for the safety-planning, it could come more natural and have a bigger importance in the physical planning.

The purpose of this research study was to explore what public school principals know and understand about educator sexual misconduct. This project attempted to provide a clearer picture of how administrators perceived and performed their leadership role as moral keeper of the school. In examining the literature, the researcher determined that there is a paucity of information concerning educator sexual misconduct.To accomplish the goals of this research project, the investigator paid particular attention to the study, Educator Sexual Misconduct: A Synthesis of Existing Literature, prepared by Shakeshaft in 2004 for the U.S. Department of Education. Insights afforded by Shakeshaft's study guided the construction of a field-based investigation focusing on four elementary school principals, three middle school principals, and three high school principals within a large county district located in the western region of Central Florida.The researcher sought to investigate the la nguage the school district and its principals use to define educator sexual misconduct and what administrators understand and know about the issue and their district policy, what they see as their legal responsibility, and what they would do should such an incidence occur at their site. In addition, the researcher explored state-level legislation that may affect district policy, while also investigating school-based programs for administrators, teachers, parents, and children regarding educator sexual misconduct.Throughout the interviews, principals indicated that it was their responsibility to create a safe and caring learning environment for all of their students as well as for the adults employed on their campus. School leaders reported that it was their job to be able to recognize inappropriate behavior and to understand that perceptions among students and educators may differ. All of the study's respondents followed their school district's anti-misconduct policy and although schoo l leaders are not involved in the development of such guidelines, they are responsible for enforcing and disseminating said policies. Administrators have been trained to contact their district office immediately if an incidence of sexual misconduct occurs and feel they are obligated to investigate an allegation while protecting the student in addition to the accused perpetrator.There is no training for parents on how to keep their children safe from offenders, and education for students is lacking as well. However, administrators, faculty, and staff are required to complete a Code of Ethics inservice offered through the county and sponsored by the state of Florida. Administrators suggested that it would be beneficial for the K-12 guidance arena to incorporate awareness, teaching students skills so that they do not become potential victims.

Magistro darbe nagrinėjamas vaikams su negalia saugios aplinkos teisinio reglamentavimo veiksmingumas. Saugios aplinkos sukūrimas vaikams turintiems negalią Lietuvoje XXI amžiaus pradžioje įžengia į naują kokybinį raidos etapą. Saugi aplinka vaikams su negalia turi būti neatskiriamas nuo mokymo įstaigų, nes šiose įstaigose vaikai ir jaunimas praleidžia didžiąją dalį laiko. Todėl neįgaliųjų vaikų socialinės integracinės politikos svarbiausioji dalis turi apimti formalųjį ikimokyklinį, pradinį, vidurinį, profesinį bei aukštąjį išsilavinimą. Kokybiškų švietimo paslaugų specialiųjų poreikių vaikams ir jaunimui, besiugdantiems drauge su bendraamžiais vieningoje švietimo sistemoje, teikimo užtikrinimas nėra vienalaikis (politiniai lozungai, deklaratyvios teisinės nuostatos, visuomenės narių pasisakymai, teigiami pavyzdžiai ir t.t.), bet sudėtingas, ilgai trunkantis procesas, ne tik reikalaujantis konstruktyvių ir koordinuotų valstybės valdymo ir švietimą administruojančių bei jam talkinančių institucijų veiksmų, bet ir pačios visuomenės sąmoningumo. Lietuvos teisės sistema ir teisės doktrina iš esmės suteikia pakankamai teisinių priemonių apsaugoti neįgaliųjų vaikų ir paauglių teises mokymo įstaigose, tačiau egzistuoja norminio reglamentavimo, teisės normų įgyvendinimo praktikoje neatitikimas. Lietuvos teisinėje sistemoje minėta situacija gali būti detaliau atskleista išskiriant šias problemas susijusias su negalią turintiems vaikams saugios aplinkos kūrimu, mokymo įstaigose... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In Master’s work analysed children’s with disabilities a safe environment for the legal regulation effectiveness. Creation of a safe environment for children with disabilities in Lithuania is entering a new qualitative stage of development of twenty-first century. A safe environment for children with disabilities must be inseparable from the educational institutions because in these institutions children and young people spend most of the time. Therefore, the disabled children's social integration policy must cover the most important part of formal pre-school, primary, secondary, vocational and higher education. Quality education services for children with special needs and young people, studying together with their peers within a single system of education, the provision of protection is not simultaneous (political slogan, declaratory legal provisions, members of the public speeches, the positive examples, etc.), but complex, lengthy process, requiring not only a constructive and coordinate the public administration and education in managing and assisting the authorities of his actions, but also the public awareness. Lithuanian’s legal system and legal doctrine in principle provide sufficient legal instruments to protect disabled children and adolescents in educational establishments, but there is prescriptive regulatory, legal norms practice non-compliance. Lithuanian legal system, said the situation may be disclosed in more detail distinguishing these problems associated... [to full text]

Crime prevention and community safety are issues that the Swedish government constantly have to struggle with. With different working conditions, priorities and budgets for each region and municipality, such tasks could turn into colossal challenges if the right solutions aren’t taken. In the last couple of years the government has together with the police and crime-preventing council (Brottsförebyggande rådet) issued a number of publications encouraging the municipal councils to cooperate with police, governmental bodies and local civil actors. The motive being that crime-preventive reforms and measures only work if all actors act like a coherent body, from planning to implementation of policies. These publications have also advocated the use of several crime-preventive methods when planning such reforms. The goal with this essay is to examine the incorporated crime-prevention methods such as the control theory and structural change theory. Questions to be answered are also about the measures taken and levels of cooperation in the two municipalities of Örebro and Karlstad. This has been done through the lens of the qualitative method because we were interested in studying the subject on different levels. To do so we have performed four interviews with one municipal commissioner from each municipality, one security coordinator in Karlstad and a local area police in Örebro. We have also studied several documents related to the empirical material. The conclusion has been that there are similarities regarding the usage of crime-prevention methods but that the implementation of measures differs regarding community safety and long-term effects to provide a safe environment for the citizens

This study explored the school climate of adult basic education centres by investigating the extent to which these education centres showed evidence of control, staff cohesiveness, physical resources, and safe and orderly environment. The study was inspired by a lack of school climate studies that focused on adult basic education centres as many school climate studies had concentrated on investigating the school climate of primary and secondary schools. The broad research question which was addressed in the research study was: ‘What is the nature of the school climate of adult basic education centres as perceived by educators?’ The participating educators were randomly selected and a survey – in the form of a questionnaire – was administered. The questionnaire comprised the four scales mentioned above. The items from the four scales were validated through the use of both face and content-related validity procedures. Face validity was ensured through pre-testing. Content validity was achieved through expert review of the items used. The extent to which these items could be included as part of a scale was further explored by means of reliability analysis whose acceptable coefficient alpha was benchmarked at 0.65 and above. Reliability was used to explore the reliability of the questionnaire. The aspect of reliability used for this purpose was analysis of internal consistency. The main purpose was to ascertain whether all the items used in the four scales collectively measured the construct school climate. For example, the reliability analysis for the variable control had 0.79 as its coefficient alpha whilst the reliability analysis for the variable staff cohesiveness, physical resources and safe and orderly environment had 0.76, 0.89, 0.84 as corresponding coefficient alpha respectively. This implied that most items within the four scales measured the construct control, staff cohesiveness, physical resources, safe and orderly environment as part of the construct school climate. Furthermore, the coefficient alphas of these four scales compared well with the overall coefficient alpha of 0.84 for this study, which further implied that each of the scales had an immense contribution in the measurement of the construct school climate. Based on the scale rubric designed for the variable control (high score 28-21: moderate score 20-14; low score 13-0), the results from the analysis indicated that the centres under review had a fair level of control mechanisms in place as in all these centres the mean score varied between 23 and 25. On the basis of the scale rubric devised for staff cohesiveness (high score 32-24; moderate score 23-16; low score 15-0), it was also revealed that the majority of the centres had evidence of staff cohesiveness, as no low score was recorded for in most cases the mean score revolved between 22 and 25. Although, the results further indicated that there was an average degree of physical resources in most centres, it also became clear that not all centres had the same level of physical resources at their disposal as the majority of the centres had a mean score that fluctuated between 18 and 33. The scale rubric for physical resources was: between 40-30 for high score; between 29-20 for moderate score and between 19-0 for low score. Finally, the mean score for the variable safe and orderly environment alternated between the minimum mean score of 17 and the maximum mean score of 21. Based on the latter mean scores, it became clear that the majority of the centres had a safe and orderly environment level that fell within the moderate score category (between 20-14) whilst the remaining two centres had a high score category (between 28-21) and no centre had a low score category (between 13-0). / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Curriculum Studies / unrestricted

Bostadsbristen som rådde i Sverige efter andra världskriget löstes genom ett bostadsprojekt som kom att kallas miljonprogrammet. Bostäderna som byggdes höll vid den tiden en hög standard invändigt medan utemiljön ofta bortprioriterades. Idag råder det än en gång ett stort behov av bostäder i Sverige, dock bör inte problemet lösas med samma metod som under miljonprogrammet. Syftet med arbetet är att ta fram ett förslag på hur ett område i ett mindre samhälle kan gestaltas. Målet är att besvara arbetets två frågeställningar som ska utreda hur en nybebyggelse på en tomt intill ett miljonprogramsområde skulle kunna utformas med hänsyn till platsens förutsättningar, omkringliggande bebyggelse samt upplevd trygghet och trivsel. Den metod som användes för studien är kvalitativa intervjuer, litteraturstudier och skissarbete. Ett förslag av flerbostadshus och en situationsplan för en tomt på en mindre ort har utformats med avseende på trivsel, trygghet och anpassning till kringliggande bebyggelse. Undersökningarna resulterade i åsikter kring vad som skulle prioriteras vid utformning av bostäder på tomten, men även vilka kvalitéer som önskades för övrigt i området. Dessa analyserades och kopplades till den teoretiska bakgrunden. Det analyserade resultatet applicerades sedan i studiens förslag. Studien resulterade i ett förslag som mottogs väl av beställaren, som förhoppningsvis kommer inspireras till vidare arbete med tomten.   Nyckelord: utformningsförslag, moderna planlösningar, situationsplan, flerbostadshus, nybyggnation, miljonprogrammet, trygghet, trivsel, visualisering, byggnadsutformning, bostadsanpassning, trygg miljö, bostäder, bygglovshandlingar, utemiljö. / The housing shortage from which occurred in Sweden after the second world war was solved through a housing project that later became known as The Million Homes Programme (miljonprogrammet). The houses were built with high standards according to the contemporary indoor standards, while the outside environment was often somewhat dull and non-prioritized. At this moment, Sweden is facing a similar type of housing shortage, a problem that should not be solved with the same methods used during The Million Homes Programme. The main purpose of this thesis is to develop a suggestion of a building design and a site layout plan in a small town, in collaboration with a Swedish municipality in Kronoberg county. The goal is to explore the different possibilities of how an estate owned by the municipality of Uppvidinge could be designed with multi-family houses which pays respect to safety and comfort and also is adapted to the surrounding built environment. The surrounding built environment consists of multi-family houses from The Million Homes Programme and one-family villas. The methods used for this thesis are pointed interviews, studies of prior published research and computer aided drawing. A suggestion of a building design accompanied with a site layout plan is presented in the report. The building design and the site layout plan pays respect to safety besides comfort and is also adapted to the surrounding built environment. The completed studies resulted in opinions about what should be a priority when designing multi-family houses on the site, but also what kind of qualities that were desired in the surrounding area. These results were analyzed and thence linked to the theoretical background. The analyzed result was thereafter applied in a suggestion. The study resulted in a suggestion that was well received by the client, which hopefully will be inspired for further work on site.   Key words: design plans, modern planning arrangement, site plan, apartment building, new housing estate, the million homes programme, safety, comfort, visualization, building design, housing adaptation, safe environment, residences, building permit documents, outdoor environment.

No description available.

This research aimed to investigate how life coaching influenced five female high school learners (aged 16 and 17 years old) at an independent school in Gauteng province. The learners attended four life-coaching sessions with an experienced and accredited life coach over a period of eight weeks. Data was collected from a literature review of previous research on life coaching and coaching in general, interviews with the learners both before and after the life coaching experience and from journal entries kept by the learners during the process. All learners learnt through the process and experienced positive changes in their lives. This included improved balance in their lives; improved time management, reduced stress and more positive mind-sets. They were able to set goals and achieve some success during the process. They expressed increased confidence in themselves and their abilities to overcome challenges in their lives and recommended life coaching for other learners. / Educational Management and Leadership / M. Ed. (Educational Management)