No description available.

Pedagogical leadership studies how to facilitate learning, mostly in Education and from the perspective of the principal being the pedagogical leader. One context somewhere in between Education and workplace learning is the two-year training as a law clerk in the Swedish court system. Few studies have been made on how law clerks learn, how the court or judges facilitates their learning and how legal expertise develop. The aim of this study is to increase knowledge on law clerks’ workplace learning. The research question is how do law clerks learn in their everyday work? A qualitative study with semi-structured couple interviews was conducted. The respondents were 22 law clerks, judges, and court clerks from a department in a district court. Situated learning was used as a theoretical framework for the analysis.  The result presents law clerks’ trajectory from apprentices through legitimate peripheral participation in the community of praxis. Law clerks start to produce and deliver legitimate work directly, they negotiate and form their learning and professional identity through participation in their daily work. They observe, imitate, ask questions, make mistakes, and try different ways to solve the problem at hand. They must through themselves out to find their own way and their own identity as a senior law clerk. The judges, the Masters, facilitate law clerks’ situated learning by giving or restricting access to participation. Due to power relations, law clerks are unwilling to ask questions and display their ignorance which limit their legitimate participation. Law clerks need to initiate to gain access to the community of praxis and negotiate their judicial independence, the situated knowledge. This study contributes to the field of workplace learning and development of legal expertise by describing how law clerks learn. The judges facilitate this learning in a way that could be described as pedagogical leadership. / Pedagogiskt ledarskap som forskningsfält tittar på hur lärande möjliggörs och begränsas, främst inom pedagogisk verksamhet och med rektor som utövare av pedagogiskt ledarskap. Kontexten och dess utformning har betydelse för lärandet som sker och hur det pedagogiska ledarskapet utövas. Notarietjänstgöring i domstol är en kontext som inte har utforskats inom ramen för pedagogiskt ledarskap. Det är en utbildningsanställning som både avser att ge examinerade jurister möjlighet att praktisera juridik och förse domstolen med arbetskraft. Det finns få studier som undersöker notariers lärande eller hur juridisk expertis utvecklas på domstol. Studiens syfte är att bidra med kunskap om notariers lärande inom ramen för det arbetsplatslärande som notarieutbildningen utgör. Frågeställningen är hur sker notariers lärande i det dagliga arbetet? En kvalitativ studie med semistrukturerade (tematiskt öppna) parintervjuer genomfördes på tingsrätt. Deltagarna bestod av notarier, domare och handläggare. Analysen genomfördes med situerat lärande som teoretiskt redskap. Resultatet presenteras i form av notariers utvecklingsresa genom ett legitimt perifert deltagande i praktikgemenskapen. Notarierna hoppar på den branta utvecklingskurvan, ser andra göra, kopierar andra, frågar, gör fel och gör olika, vågar hoppa och släppa kontrollen, hittar sitt sätt att göra och formas in i sin roll och identitet som senior notarie. Domarna möjliggör detta lärande genom att ge notarierna tillgång till legitimt deltagande och erbjuder potentiella identiteter och olika sätt att vara som domare, så att notarierna kan formas in i domarrollen och välja sitt eget sätt att vara domare på. Genom att begränsa tillgången till deltagande hindrar domarna notariernas lärandeprocess på ett sätt och möjliggör den på annat. Maktrelationer och betyg gör notarierna oroliga och rädda för att blotta sin okunskap vilket hindrar dem från att ställa de frågor som krävs för deras legitima deltagande. Notarierna behöver ta eget initiativ för att få mer tillgång till praktikgemenskapen, vilket också är en del i deras identitetsformande av att bli självständig. Genom att delta i det dagliga arbetet och utföra arbetsuppgifter innan de själva har överblick på rättskedjan, sker ett lärande hos notarierna. Studien ger ett kunskapsbidrag genom att beskriva hur notariers lärande kan ske, eller hur juridisk expertis kan utvecklas, i det dagliga arbetet. Domarnas möjliggörande av notariers lärande skulle kunna ses som ett pedagogiskt ledarskap i en kontext utanför skolvärlden.

No description available.

No description available.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka gymnasielärares förändrade arbetssituation under Covid-19-pandemin och vilken påverkan det innebär på undervisningen samt hur villkor för lärande har förändrats som en effekt av pandemin. Detta genomfördes genom en kvalitativ fallstudie med hjälp av sex semistrukturerade intervjuer med sex olika gymnasielärare, vilka valdes på basen av ett bekvämlighets- och snöbollsurval. Studiens insamlade data bearbetades därefter med hjälp av en tematisk analys. Resultatet visar att pandemin medfört en ökad arbetsbelastning relaterat till olika läroverktyg på distans och en ändrad syn på lärarnas självförtroende i deras yrkesutövande. För att skapa förutsättningar för en god lärandemiljö har deltagande, relationsbyggande samt kommunikation, dels mellan elever, dels mellan lärare och elever, visat sig utgöra väsentliga villkor. / We assessed the change in working situation of upper secondary school teachers due to the Covid-19 pandemic and its effect on teaching and learning conditions based on teleworking. We conducted a qualitative case study involving six different teachers, chosen through convenience and snowball sampling, on which we performed semi-structured interviews. The collected data were then analyzed through a thematic analysis. The results show that the pandemic has led to an increased workload related to various distance learning tools and a changed view of teachers' self-confidence in their professional practice. To create good learning environment, participation, relationship building and communication between students and between teachers and students, have been most important. In conclusion, the teachers emphasize that working during the pandemic has brought them closer to the core of what gives them motivation in their profession, namely their students.

This qualitative research investigated the implementation problems of apprenticeship training program in the Addis Ababa TVET colleges and enterprises. The research looked into the training program conducted by TVET Colleges and enterprises. Relevant literature on the nature of apprenticeship training and the factors that could affect its implementation were also reviewed. The research applied the theoretical statement of Bandura’s (1977) theory of observation /imitation/, Vygotsky’s theory of ZPD, contextual or the situated learning (Lave and Wenger, 1991), the constructivist view of learning and career theory as the main theoretical frameworks to describe the apprenticeship training process. The theories, however, do not mention the factors that can hamper the implementation of apprenticeship training in a specific social context. The theory of observation was preferred since it can describe the apprentice’s effort to master the skill of an occupation by observing the craftsman at the enterprises. The situated learning was preferred as it gives value to practice as a condition for the effectiveness of learning. Similarly, the research considered Vygotsky’s theory of the ZPD. The application of ZPD indicates the difference between what the apprentice can accomplish independently and what he/she can do with the close assistance of supervisor on a given task. Holland’s career theory (as cited in De lary, Duncan & Swarth, 2006) is also considered to describe the apprenticeship training in relation with an occupation. The current research has enabled to consider context specific conditions by focusing on the investigation of the causes of the implementation challenges of the apprenticeship training. The researcher collected data from Addis Ababa TVET Agency experts, deans of one private and another public TVET Colleges, college apprenticeship training coordinators, trainers, trainees, supervisors and enterprises by employing unstructured and structured interviews, observation and Focus Group Discussion tools. The analysis was made by making the data pass through three successive steps: data reduction, data display and interpretation, and conclusion. The findings showed that the implementation of the apprenticeship training program had challenges that could be shared among its actors; Trade Unions had no involvement in the implementation of the apprenticeship training program; the selected colleges and enterprises addressed their challenges by using limited strategies and without regular and systematic way; the presence of some less motivating factors for the participation of the apprentices in the apprenticeship training was reported; the presence of conditions that could adversely affect the apprentices’ acquisition of occupational skills was reported; the provision of apprenticeship training at the enterprises lack, either facilities or training services, in order to arrange the apprenticeship training program for TVET college trainees; and there were some indications for the presence of some weak professional qualities of supervisors that have implications for the apprentices’ training. Eventually, it was concluded that the implementation of apprenticeship training program in the Addis Ababa TVET Colleges and enterprises had challenges that require the consideration of both institutional and human conditions. / Curriculum and Instructional Studies / D. Ed. (Curriculum Studies)

The Countried experience of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples of (Australia), ground a resilience and strength in sovereign thinking through the Stories we share laterally with family and inter-ancestrally through our connections to the Dreaming. The stories we share develop a sense of inalienability we have that is connected to the Countries of origin we share and identify with across the continental scape of Land, Water and Sky Country. As a formative philosophical assumption, the Countried existence that this dissertation develops, illuminates the significance of this research thinking to contribute to the continued development of Indigenous education for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students attending secondary high schools across (Australia). By attending to the ways Elders as significant Indigenous leaders describe and develop their storied lives through lived experience, this Countried philosophy emerges through the Storied knowing of Country. By examining the approaches to learning Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students adopt, further evidence can be contributed to the research surrounding Indigenous thinking and cognitive approaches to thinking through education learning tasks. By examining the perceptions and beliefs of non-indigenous teachers, this dissertation aims to contribute evidence to Indigenous pedagogies that teachers can deploy in the delivery of meaningful Indigenous Knowledge curricula content. Summatively, this thesis found that when deep engagements are made into the notion of inalienability of Countried experience, salient avenues of thinking and learning and teaching emerge surrounding the ways education can continue to elaborate and relate meaningfully to the First Peoples of Australia.

The fundamental advancement of information technology has given rise to distance education industry hence it has helped to the popularity of distance education among people. However, for employing innovative and advanced tools universities need financial resources. Reaching to these resources is not easy and accessible. Interaction equivalency theorem can be a good solution for overcoming the financial problems but designers are reluctant to utilize it because they think that education quality will decrease due to lack of teacher interaction. This study demonstrated that students’ perception toward interaction equivalency is positive as long as they have high level of interdependency with other students. Without this level of, students are not motivated in order to continue their courses. This study by providing techno-pedagogical design and IS design theory for support of IE helps e-learning practitioners who want to design an acceptable distance educational system with limited financial resources. / Program: Magisterutbildning i informatik

A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar os modos de interação e as relações de alunos jovens e adultos com o conhecimento matemático dentro e fora da escola, bem como as possibilidades de aproximação entre conhecimento matemático escolar e não escolar. As referências teóricas compõem-se da concepção de Bernard Charlot (2001) sobre as interações do jovem com o saber; da noção de aprendizagem situada desenvolvida por Jean Lave e Etienne Wenger (1991); e da análise da matemática como cultura feita por Alan Bishop (1999). O desenvolvimento do trabalho apoia-se em análise de bibliografia sobre a temática aqui questão e em dados levantados por meio de acompanhamento de aulas e de entrevistas realizadas com alunos e um professor de duas classes de Educação de Jovens e Adultos de uma escola pública da cidade de São Paulo. Entre os principais resultados do trabalho, podem-se destacar a possibilidade de diálogo entre o conhecimento matemático escolar e o conhecimento matemático adquirido pelos alunos em diferentes contextos não escolares, bem como a possibilidade de relação entre contexto e aprendizagem de modo que cada ambiente crie situações e artefatos próprios para enriquecer momentos de aprendizagem. / This research aimed to analyze the modes of interaction and relationships of young and adult students with mathematical knowledge, inside and outside school, as well as possibilities of approach between mathematical knowledge school and non-school. The theoretical references consist of the conception of Bernard Charlot (2001) on the relationship of youth with knowledge; the idea of situated learning of Jean Lave & Etienne Wenger (1991); and the analysis made by Alan Bishop (1999) of mathematics as a culture. The work development is based on analysis of bibliography on the topic and data collected through monitoring classes and interviews with students and teacher of two classes of youth and adults in a public school in the city of São Paulo. Among the highlight results of the study, its present the possibility of dialogue between the school mathematical knowledge and mathematical knowledge acquired by students in different non-school contexts, as well as the relationship between context and learning, so that each environment creates situations and artifacts to enrich learning moments.

近年來，許多企業希望透過不同領域的專家彼此合作，為組織解決日益複雜的難題。然而，跨專業團隊的合作過程充滿挑戰，過去文獻多專注於如何提升知識分享的效果，卻忽略了許多關鍵新知識必須由跨界團隊合作探索而來。在面對陌生情境下，這樣的探索尤其重要，例如：開發新產品、啟用新製程，但我們至今仍對跨專業社群如何合作探索的過程所知甚少。 為了探究這個議題，本研究採用民族誌的方式，追蹤半導體晶圓廠工程師如何在複雜的生產系統中解決跨專業的維修難題。過程中，工作者常常必須面臨因果錯綜複雜、責任歸屬不清、跨界溝通不良所導致的合作困境。研究發現要解決這樣的困境，工作者必須運用疆界物件引發三種工作實務：解讀現象背後的因果、改變合作關係、整合跨界知識，才能找出問題核心並對症下藥。 根據本研究發現，如果我們能了解工作者在特定情境中的學習過程，便可提升既有的知識管理與疆界物件理論。在實務議題上，本研究的發現也能幫助現有員工培訓與跨專業溝通方式。 / Recently, more and more companies are gathering different types of specialist in order to solve increasingly complex problems. But the efforts paid in the process of cooperation are challenging for enterprises. Previous researchers had focused on the transfer and share of cross-disciplinary knowledge. However, they neglected the fact that some critical knowledge must be learned by collaborative exploring in terms of particular situation. To understand this issue, an ethnography study was used to examine the process of trouble shooting undertaken by engineers who encountered complex problems in the fabrication of semiconductor wafers. This thesis addressed three primary challenges faced by engineers. First, the nature of the problem may not be defined appropriately at the beginning. Second, responsibility may not be clearly attributed by cross specialist team who is in charge of investigation. Third, without comprehensive contexts of the practice, communication between engineers is problematic itself. To overcome the problem, engineers must be able to go beyond standard operating procedures so that they can find a new path of solution. This thesis argues that the use of boundary objects is an effective trigger of problem solving. The use of a boundary object is then described as a means of decoding the contexts behind the objects, reforming the relationship of cooperation, and integrating knowledge systemically. These findings suggest that theories of knowledge management and boundary objects could be improved organically by considering what people do and how people learn in practice. Furthermore, these findings bring us practical implications of employee training and cross-disciplinary collaboration.