Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka hur pojkar och flickor på mellanstadiet upplever sitt bruk av kraftuttryck och slangord i och utanför klassrummet. Två undersökningsmetoder har valts för att på bästa sätt få fram ett tillförlitligt resultat; enkät samt strukturerade intervjuer. Enkäten besvarades av 76 elever i årskurs 5 och 6, och intervjuerna genomfördes med sju elever i årskurs 6. Resultatet visar på att elever anpassar sitt språkbruk beroende på situation och omgivning. Det visar också att elevernas attityd till kraftuttryck och slangord är negativ, men att de ändå använder det frekvent. Enkätresultatet tyder på att pojkarna använder mer kraftuttryck än flickorna, medan de intervjuade eleverna betonar individuella skillnader framför könsskillnaderna.

This paper presents a study on the translation of slang used by drag queens. The study aims to examine how the slang used by drag queens in RuPaul’s Drag Race season 12 is translated into Japanese. The translation strategies used are revealed and the faithfulness of the translation is discussed. Both the original and translated expressions, jargon and words used by drag queens in RuPaul’s Drag Race season 12 were gathered from the first three episodes. The data was then grouped based on the translation strategy and discussed further regarding the effectiveness of the translation strategy and faithfulness of the translation itself with the help of Nida’s theory of dynamic equivalence. The results show that translation by loan, excluding the omission, was the most used translation strategy, but its success hinges on the familiarity of the target audience. Together with substitution, they were the most successful strategies regarding the faithfulness of the translation and the preservation of the slang. Softening, employed to adapt informal and vulgar expressions, risked losing the original slang, and modulation also less successful in preserving it. Paraphrase and explicitation were less successful in retaining the slang nuances but aligned with Nida’s dynamic equivalence which emphasizes the meaning.

<p>Secure Access For Everyone (SAFE), is an integrated system for managing trust</p><p>using a logic-based declarative language. Logical trust systems authorize each</p><p>request by constructing a proof from a context---a set of authenticated logic</p><p>statements representing credentials and policies issued by various principals</p><p>in a networked system. A key barrier to practical use of logical trust systems</p><p>is the problem of managing proof contexts: identifying, validating, and</p><p>assembling the credentials and policies that are relevant to each trust</p><p>decision. </p><p>SAFE addresses this challenge by (i) proposing a distributed authenticated data</p><p>repository for storing the credentials and policies; (ii) introducing a</p><p>programmable credential discovery and assembly layer that generates the</p><p>appropriate tailored context for a given request. The authenticated data</p><p>repository is built upon a scalable key-value store with its contents named by</p><p>secure identifiers and certified by the issuing principal. The SAFE language</p><p>provides scripting primitives to generate and organize logic sets representing</p><p>credentials and policies, materialize the logic sets as certificates, and link</p><p>them to reflect delegation patterns in the application. The authorizer fetches</p><p>the logic sets on demand, then validates and caches them locally for further</p><p>use. Upon each request, the authorizer constructs the tailored proof context</p><p>and provides it to the SAFE inference for certified validation.</p><p>Delegation-driven credential linking with certified data distribution provides</p><p>flexible and dynamic policy control enabling security and trust infrastructure</p><p>to be agile, while addressing the perennial problems related to today's</p><p>certificate infrastructure: automated credential discovery, scalable</p><p>revocation, and issuing credentials without relying on centralized authority.</p><p>We envision SAFE as a new foundation for building secure network systems. We</p><p>used SAFE to build secure services based on case studies drawn from practice:</p><p>(i) a secure name service resolver similar to DNS that resolves a name across</p><p>multi-domain federated systems; (ii) a secure proxy shim to delegate access</p><p>control decisions in a key-value store; (iii) an authorization module for a</p><p>networked infrastructure-as-a-service system with a federated trust structure</p><p>(NSF GENI initiative); and (iv) a secure cooperative data analytics service</p><p>that adheres to individual secrecy constraints while disclosing the data. We</p><p>present empirical evaluation based on these case studies and demonstrate that</p><p>SAFE supports a wide range of applications with low overhead.</p> / Dissertation

Dans la thèse sont étudiées les particularités lexico-sémantiques et les fonctions stylistiques de l'argot utilisé dans le théâtre et le cinéma français contemporains, les transformations que subit l'argot dans les adaptations des récits littéraires au cinéma. Principalement stylistique, la thèse s'inscrit également dans les problématiques de la sociologie. / The thesis is about lexico-semantic properties and stylistic functions of slang used in contemporary French theatre and cinema, its transformations in movies adapted from literature. The research is focused mainly on stylistic aspects, but also refers to sociolinguistics.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:34:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maria Luciana Teles de Oliveira com protecao.pdf: 824264 bytes, checksum: 926a6a157b39a206921530a083612075 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-04-19 / This is a work about the vocabulary a special one a slang that is used by the internals of FEBEM. The slang is a cryptology extracted from common lexis and therefore those words group became part of the vocabulary of one group only. Our aim is to verify the relation between their life and their specific vocabulary. We made an analysis of this marginal group formed upon the internals of FEBEM with the aim to verify how they relationship with each other and how this relationship influence directly on the way they express themselves / Este é um trabalho sobre a linguagem gíria empregada pelos internos da FEBEM. Nosso objetivo é verificar a relação existente entre a vida do interno e seu vocabulário. Neste trabalho fazemos uma análise do grupo marginal formado pelos internos da FEBEM com o intuito de verificar de que maneira os internos se relacionam e como essa relação influencia diretamente a linguagem que utilizam. Por ser a gíria uma forma de expressão cultural de um determinado grupo, acreditamos que seja de extrema importância o estudo dessa linguagem restrita, formada a partir do conflito estabelecido por um grupo fechado com a sociedade, pois, por meio dessa linguagem , os membros do grupo descarregam suas emoções e atacam a comunidade maior

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:34:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriano Mesquita.pdf: 747715 bytes, checksum: 83d0691bf9046a66a115f5abc0087703 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-09-28 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / The contained analytical theories in this study refers to the conversational strategies and to the expressive aspects of which the speakers take advantage of, so that the communication act can be an action that occurs with property and guarantees, therefore, the interaction. The basic intention of this work is to analyze as the social environment intervenes with the linguistic attitude of the speaker, characterizing, thus, specific uses and language of social group. Although the object of our analysis is based on a secondhand corpus, that is , a novel and, therefore, a (re)creation of speaks and characteristically fictitious dialogues, we believe that this material takes care our yearnings of study, considering that , as we can observe during the reading of the work, the (re)constructions delineated during the narrative are easily verifiable in the voices of speakers of similar social status to the presented ones in the narrative. In this way, the analysis of the linguistic behavior of the characters and the resources that the orality propitiates to them make possible to line up the fictional work and the representation of the reality presented by the writer. Our analysis, therefore, will be based on the confrontation of the linguistics uses, on the conditions of production of these uses and on the social reality of the speakers. Because of this, we will use the presented theories, in order to understand the conversational aspects, the expressive resources of the linguistics uses, the procedure of interaction between the speakers, together with the social papers and the concept of hierarchy and status used by the inhabitants of the Barra do Catimbó / Os fundamentos analíticos contidos neste estudo referem-se às estratégias conversacionais e aos aspectos expressivos de que os falantes se valem, para que o ato de comunicação seja uma ação que ocorra com propriedade e garanta, portanto, a interação. O intuito fundamental deste trabalho é o de analisar como o meio social interfere na atitude linguística do falante, caracterizando, assim, usos e linguagem específicos de grupo social. Apesar de o objeto de nossa análise ser um corpus de segunda mão, ou seja, tratar-se de um romance e, por isso, uma recriação de falas e de diálogos caracteristicamente fictícios, acreditamos que esse material atende aos nossos anseios de estudo, uma vez que, como podemos observar durante a leitura da obra, as (re)construções delineadas durante a narrativa são verossimilhantes e facilmente constatáveis nas vozes de falantes de status sociais similares aos apresentados na narrativa. Desse modo, a análise do comportamento linguístico das personagens e os recursos que a oralidade lhes propicia possibilitam alinhar a obra ficcional e a representação da realidade apresentada pelo escritor. Nossa análise, portanto, basear-se-á na confrontação dos usos linguísticos, nas condições de produção desses usos e na realidade social dos falantes. Para isso, empregaremos as teorias aqui apresentadas, a fim de entender os aspectos conversacionais, os recursos expressivos dos usos linguísticos, o procedimento de interação entre os falantes, juntamente com os papéis sociais e o conceito de hierarquia e de status empregados pelos moradores da Barra do Catimbó

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:34:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Daiana Rodrigues da Silva.pdf: 5802503 bytes, checksum: 8bec810b8557920ffe1457148883605a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-03 / Secretaria da Educação do Estado de São Paulo / This present work has as a purposal to analyze the language of the motoboys of São Paulo and the creation of a personalized slang that reflects a class of workers&#8223; world view that is connected to a stereotype of violence and irresponsible. We also intend, by a Conversation Analysis theory, verify how the language that individualize the group structures, when integrated with other motoboys. Then, we will have as corpus interviews and legends published photos in the site Canal Motoboy, in which 12 motoboys, armed of last generation cell phones, register the main problems of a great city as São Paulo. The study, therefore, will follow in two ways: to verify the identification of the integrants of the social group motoboys, the creation of a bow of solidarity by means of the language and, on the other hand, how the use of these words is a way of the society to confirm the negative (stereotyped) image of the professional category / O presente trabalho tem como proposta analisar a linguagem dos motoboys de São Paulo e a criação de vocábulos gírios que refletem a visão de mundo de uma categoria profissional que tem a sua imagem vinculada a um estereótipo de violência e irresponsabilidade. Pretendemos também, à luz da teoria da Análise da Conversação, verificar como se estrutura a linguagem que caracteriza o grupo, quando da interação com outros motoboys. Para tanto, teremos como corpus entrevistas e legendas de fotos publicadas no site Canal Motoboy, no qual 12 motoboys, munidos de celulares de última geração, registram os principais problemas de uma grande cidade como São Paulo. O estudo, portanto, seguirá por dois caminhos: verificar a identificação dos integrantes do grupo social motoboys, a criação de um laço de solidariedade por meio da linguagem e, por outro lado, de como o uso destes vocábulos é, também, uma maneira de a sociedade confirmar a imagem negativa (estereotipada), estigmatizando a categoria profissional

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T14:21:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thais Schwetter.pdf: 242497 bytes, checksum: 70f76af7eb4abc57a2c2029928a7d88c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10-26 / The presented project has the objective to identify the social representations of affectionate relationships between teenagers. Observing some elements of the contemporary society, of which the act of consuming, the high-technology and the power of the media are its main characteristics, the teenagers make their performance of a passionate attachment, a romantic relation without any compromise or even about a marriage. The empirical research through the interview of twenty-six teenagers. Their ages varied between fifteen and seventeen years old, of both type of sex and they were attending school according to the Brazilian system of education in private schools. The analysis of the data was gotten by the reading of the same ones through the program of analysis about the literal data ALCESTE (Analyse Lexicale par Context d um Ensemble de Segments de Text), comprehending two levels of analysis: identification about the common side of the social representation and about the position of the participants facing the common side of the social representation. The results evidenced significant differences about the perceptions of the represented object between participants related to the masculine and feminine sex and still more between younger and older teenagers. For the girls the act of ficar , comes out as a nonsense practice but they agree of being an important way to start a love relationship which may occur with or without sexual relations, not being accepted during the ficar . The boys search for ficar instead of dating, looking for ephemera relations since, according to them, they are not interested in serious compromises being a love affair postponed to the future. Both ficar and a dating may preferable include sexual relations. As for the marriage, boys and girls create their representations in such a similar thought as a practice for the future, after achieving their academic and professional target. / Este trabalho procura identificar as representações sociais das relações amorosas em adolescentes. A partir da constituição de processos identitários contextualizados no mundo contemporâneo, cuja influência delineia-se sob o prisma do consumismo, da tecnologia e da força midiática, os adolescentes constroem suas representações do namoro, da variante deste o ficar e do casamento. A pesquisa empírica procedeu-se através de entrevistas semidiretivas individuais em um grupo de 26 adolescentes, situados na faixa etária entre quinze e dezessete anos, de ambos os sexos, que cursam o ensino médio em escola da rede particular de ensino. A análise dos dados foi obtida através da leitura dos mesmos pelo programa de análise de dados textuais ALCESTE (Analyse Lexicale par Context d um Ensemble de Segments de Texte), incluindo dois níveis de análise: identificação do campo comum das representações sociais e da posição dos participantes face ao campo comum das representações sociais. Os resultados evidenciaram significativas diferenças nas percepções do objeto representado entre os participantes dos sexos masculino e feminino e ainda no que concernem às representações elaboradas pelos adolescentes mais jovens e mais velhos. Para as meninas o ficar aparece como uma prática evasiva e sem sentido, mas concordam que é um importante caminho para iniciar o namoro, que pode ocorrer com ou sem relações sexuais, o que não é admitido no ficar. Os meninos buscam o ficar em detrimento ao namoro, almejam uma relação passageira, fortuita, pois, no discurso deles, não se interessam por compromissos sérios, ficando o namoro, adiado para o futuro. Tanto o ficar como o namoro, para os meninos, devem ocorrer preferencialmente com relações sexuais. Quanto ao casamento, meninos e meninas tecem suas representações de maneira muito semelhante, como uma prática que desejam para o futuro, após terem atingido os objetivos acadêmicos e profissionais.

The following essay investigates how Spanish slang expressions and words in the novel Amor, curiosidad, prozac y dudas, by Spanish author Lucía Etxebarría (1998), have been translated to Swedish in Kärlek, nyfikenhet, prozac och tvivel, translated by the Swedish translator Manni Kössler in 2003. The essay is based on two hypotheses; 1) that there are sentences containing slang in the Spanish novel which have gotten different significances in the Swedish translation, and 2) that there are slang words and expressions in the Spanish novel that have been neutralized in the Swedish version, meaning that these slangs would have been translated in a non-slang way. The theories used to support this investigation are ideas of Rune Ingo and Jiri Lévy regarding the translation of certain styles in literature, the concept of situational factors that can affect the translation, created by Rune Ingo, as well as the concept of slang from the point of view of Swedish slang investigator Ulla-Britt Kotsinas. The method has been to study twenty examples containing slang from the Spanish novel, dividing them into five different semantic groups. These examples have been compared to their respective Swedish translations, with the support of dictionaries of Spanish and Swedish slang, as well as conventional dictionaries in Swedish, Swedish/Spanish and Spanish/Swedish. The analysis of the twenty examples of Spanish slang and their Swedish translations confirmed the hypothesis of this essay. Several examples showed that Spanish sentences containing slang had been given a new significance in the Swedish translations. It was also clear that many examples of Spanish slang had been neutralized, translated in a non-slang way, in the Swedish version.

Detta examensarbete utfördes på Scania CV AB och behandlar delar i lastbilens avgassystem som utsätts för korrosion och nötning. Huvudmålet med detta arbete är att utveckla en provmetod för livslängdsundersökning av flexibla slangar. En serie tester utfördes för att förstå grundorsakerna till brott och en FE-analys utfördes för att verifiera resultaten till dessa prov. En stor del av den flexibla slangen blir stel på grund av höga avgastemperaturer och som leder till plastisk deformation av slangen. Men de tre första lindningarna som ligger närmast motorn behåller sin flexibilitet på grund av kontinuerliga motorvibrationer. Slutsatsen är att huvudorsaken som gör att de flexibla slangarna går av, är slitage som leder till sprickinitiering. Den sprickan sprider sig i form av lågcykelutmattning d.v.s att det tar ganska kort tid tills brott sker i den flexibla slangen. Korrosion initierar mellan de icke-flexibla delar av slangen Korrosionshastigheten ökar med tiden och det orsakar små hål på ytorna. Baserat på testresultaten är den mest lämpliga stället för livslängdsundersökningar Scanias komponentprovceller. Genom att mäta slitagedjupet under repeterbara förhållanden som rekommenderas i rapporten och med hjälp av data från kundutfall, kan en livslängd uppskattas. För att kunna förbättra livslängden för de flexibla slangarna, rekommenderas att använda rostfritt stål typ 1.4828 vid tillverkning av dessa slangar bör varmformning användas, samt att avståndet mellan lagrena respektive tjockleken ökas. Flera tester med olika teststidsintervall behöver göras för att ta reda på nötningshastigheten. / This thesis was conducted at Scania CV AB with information based on corrosion and wear. The main goal of this work is to develop a test method to investigate the stripwounded hose’s lifetime. A series of tests were performed to understand the reasons of their failure and a FE analysis was performed to verify the results obtained from these tests. It was observed that a large part of stripwounded hose becomes stiff due to high temperatures of the exhaust gas. The high temperature leads to plastic deformation of the hose. In contrast, the three first windings closest to the engine keep their flexibility due to continuously engine vibrations while there is sign of wear between the layers in these three windings more than other parts of the stripwounded hose. Hence, it is concluded that the main reason for stripwounded hose’s unpredictable failures is wear which leads to crack initiation. The crack propagation is in type of low cycle fatigue which means that it takes a short time until the stripewounded hose breaks. Corrosion is initiated between the non-flexible parts of the hose. The rate of corrosion is increased by time and causes small holes on the surfaces. According to results from the experiments the most suitable location for the lifetime investigation is Scania’s component test cells . Several tests with different time spans needs to be performed. By measuring the wear depth rate under repeatable test conditions and bycomparing with stripwounded hoses from customer trucks, a lifetime can be estimated. To improve the fatigue lifetime of the stripwounded hoses, it is recommended to use stainless steel of type 1.4828, manufactured through hot-forming with larger distance between layers and thicker layers to find out the wear rate.