Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / O trabalho do assistente social na indústria da construção civil no município do Rio de Janeiro, diante das conseqüências das transformações do capital, a partir de 1990, contribui para a reflexão sobre os novos desafios impostos ao exercício profissional dos assistentes sociais, os dilemas, as tendências e as perspectivas captadas no trabalho desse profissional nessa área, em grandes cidades no Brasil, segundo uma leitura apoiada na perspectiva teórico-metodológica de Marx. Na analise da crise global do capital, destacando as mudanças no trabalho, no Estado e nas políticas sociais públicas e empresariais, que leva à intensificação do trabalho subcontratado e à precarização cada vez mais acentuada das condições da força de trabalho, particularmente a desse ramo industrial, historicamente pauperizada e explorada no País, são focalizadas as novas e velhas formas de gestão do trabalho, com destaque aos programas de qualidade total, de responsabilidade social e de trabalho com comunidades alvo de obras públicas. De um lado, as mudanças resultam em perdas dos postos e de programas tradicionais de trabalho, com precarização dos contratos. De outro lado, são ampliadas as demandas e perspectivas de trabalho dos assistentes sociais nesse campo, em face da formação e habilidades profissionais diante das novas exigências dos padrões de qualidade e do atendimento às comunidades nas quais são executadas obras públicas, como favela bairro. Conclui-se sobre as possibilidades na ocupação dos novos espaços sócio-educativos, neles inserindo as tradicionais políticas de assistência, na concepção de direito social, conjugando, assim, o tratamento objetivo das necessidades sociais com o relativo à subjetividade dos trabalhadores e ao controle social das comunidades, como sujeitos políticos. Nessa direção, é indicada a aproximação entre os profissionais e a academia, como meio para viabilizar o atual projeto ético-político hegemônico da categoria dos assistentes sociais nesse campo.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo problematizar as práticas do assistente social a partir da minha experiência profissional nas áreas da saúde mental e assistência social. Tais práticas circulam principalmente entre os direitos e a filantropia, que são analisados nesse trabalho como relações de poder e como mecanismos de controle da vida. No primeiro capítulo, problematizo minha experiência na área da saúde mental, principalmente no que tange ao trabalho com famílias. Tal experiência propiciou diversos questionamentos acerca do papel que vem sendo atribuído às famílias pelas políticas públicas. No segundo capítulo, coloco em análise minhas experiências em um Centro de Referência de Assistência Social (CRAS) localizado em Angra dos Reis. Nesse momento da dissertação, problematizo as práticas do assistente social, como a elaboração de relatórios, as visitas domiciliares, o fornecimento de cestas básicas, a atuação no Programa Bolsa Família. No terceiro capítulo discorro acerca dos direitos e da filantropia na política de assistência social e sobre a participação política nesse contexto. Neste capítulo trago referências conceituais e históricas, no sentido de problematizar as práticas do assistente social na política de assistência. / This work aims at problematizing some practices of the social assistant, from my professional experience in the areas of mental health and social assistance. Those practices circulate mainly between the rights and philanthropy, which are analyzers, since they indicate power relationships and mechanisms of control of life. In the first chapter, I problematize my experience in the area of mental health, mainly in what concerns to the work with families. Such experience has provided many questionings about the roll that has been attributed to families by public policies. In the second chapter I put in analyses my experiences in a Reference Center of Social Assistance (CRAS) localized in Angra dos Reis. In this moment of thie thesis, I problematize some of the social assistant practices, as the reports that it has to do, the home visits, the distribution of baskets of food, its action in the Family Grant. Chapter three discusses the rights and the philanthropy in the social assistance policy, as well as the political participation in this context. In the chapter I bring out conceptual and historical references to problematize the practices of the social assistant in the assistance policy.

Social work is supposed to be a highly demanding job. Psychohygiene is a set of rules which helps keep, improve and recovery the psychic balance and health. This thesis has been aimed at mental health tools used by social workers of the Strakonice region. The research was conducted by the qualitative method of a questionnaire and an interpretation. The following hypotheses were suggested: Social work is so demanding as the workers deal with people. Stress mostly results from time pressure. Psychohygiene depends on the individuals. The social workers exploit mental health tools. Supervision is provided in some organisations. The social workers are mostly satisfied with their lives.

Bluffenomenet är en inre upplevelse av att känna sig som en bedragare och en rädsla att bli avslöjad som otillräcklig i sociala sammanhang. Personer som upplever bluffenomenet tror sig ha övertygat sin omgivning om att de besitter mer kunskap och mer kompetens än de verkligen har och känner en rädsla för att deras brist på förmåga ska avslöjas av omgivningen. Syftet med uppsatsen var att undersöka på vilket sätt och i vilka sammanhang bluffenomenet påverkar socionomen i sin professionella yrkesroll i socialt arbete. Uppsatsens syfte har undersökts genom fyra intervjuer med yrkesverksamma socionomer genom en metodtriangulering där en kvantitativ enkät kombinerades med kvalitativa djupintervjuer. Innehållet i uppsatsen har utgångspunkt i symbolisk interaktionism som vetenskapsteoretisk tradition och den insamlade datan har analyserats utifrån teoretiska begrepp bestående av Bluffenomenet och Yrkesroll samt ett teoretiskt perspektiv i form av det dramaturgiska perspektivet. Uppsatsens huvudsakliga resultat visar att bluffenomenet framförallt uppkommer hos socionomer som är nya i sin yrkesroll eller befinner sig i ett nytt sammanhang arbetsmässigt. Bluffenomenet påverkar informanternas yrkesroll genom att arbetsuppgifter skjuts upp, osäkerhet gentemot klienter och en ödmjukhet inför den egna prestationen i arbetet. Uppsatsens diskussion lyfter bland annat komplexiteten i socionomens yrkesroll i form av andras och egna förväntningar. Uppsatsen kan genom de upplevelser som informanterna delat med sig av användas för att sprida kunskap om bluffenomenets uppkomst och sammanhang hos yrkesverksamma socionomer. / The impostor phenomenon is an inner experience of feeling like a fraud and a fear of being revealed as inadequate in social contexts. People who experience the impostor phenomenon believe they have convinced their surroundings to possess more knowledge and more skills than they really have and fear that their lack of ability will be revealed by the environment. The purpose of the essay was to investigate in what way and in what context the impostor phenomenon affects the social worker in its profession in social work. The purpose of the essay has been answered through four interviews with professional social workers in the form of a method triangulation where a quantitative form was combined with qualitative deep interviews. The content of the essay has been interpreted by symbolic interactionism as a science-theoretic tradition, and the collected data has been analyzed from the theoretical concepts consisting of Impostor phenomenon and Profession and a theoretical perspective in the form of the dramaturgical perspective. The main findings of the essay show that the impostor phenomenon occurs primarily in social workers who are new in their occupational role or in a new context in work. The impostor phenomenon affects the informants in their profession in the way by postponing some duties, insecurity in client meetings and humility for their own performance at work. The discussion discusses the complexity of social workers professional role in the form of others and their own expectations. Through the experiences that the informants shared, the essay can be used to disseminate knowledge about the conception of the impostor phenomenon and context in professional social workers.

Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo identificar as repercussões sociais em indivíduos com distúrbios da comunicação associados às fissuras labiopalatinas com e sem perda auditiva. Para isso, buscou caracterizar o perfil socioeconômico e cultural dos sujeitos, conhecer as relações familiares, escolares e sociais e constatar se há utilização ou não de recursos comunitários como forma de apoio no processo de reabilitação. Este estudo foi realizado no Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais (HRAC) da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), na cidade de Bauru, São Paulo. Teve como participantes, crianças e adolescentes de 07 a 15 anos, 11 meses e 29 dias de idade, de ambos os gêneros, com fissuras de lábio e palato ou de palato isolado, com e sem perda auditiva associada, residentes em Bauru e em tratamento no HRAC. A pesquisa foi quanti-qualitativa e censitária com um universo composto por 52 participantes, divididos em dois grupos: um constituído por 36 crianças e adolescentes com fissuras labiopalatinas e sem perda auditiva e, outro grupo por 16 sujeitos com fissuras labiopalatinas e com perda auditiva associada. A análise dos dados foi descritiva e orientada pelos objetivos e referenciais teóricos. Os resultados permitiram identificar que não há diferenças significativas entre os grupos no que se refere aos aspectos socioeconômicos, familiares, educacionais e sociais. Ambos vivenciam o acirramento de conviver com o comprometimento estético e funcional, causado pela anomalia, em uma sociedade que supervaloriza a aparência, totalmente preocupada com a imagem e preconceituosa quanto às diferenças. Com este estudo pretendeu-se adquirir um novo conhecimento acerca das repercussões sociais vivenciadas pelas crianças e adolescentes com distúrbios da comunicação associados às fissuras labiopalatinas com e sem perda auditiva e assim propor estratégias para o enfrentamento das expressões da questão social e atendimento às demandas trazidas por este público, além de proporcionar melhoria na qualidade dos serviços prestados pelo HRAC. / This research aimed to identify the social impact on individuals with communication disorders associated with cleft lip and palate with and without hearing loss. For this, we sought to characterize the socioeconomic and cultural profile of the subjects, knowing the family, school and social relationships and see whether there is or not use of community resources in support of the rehabilitation process. This study was conducted at the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies (HRAC), University of São Paulo (USP), in the city of Bauru, São Paulo. The participants were children and adolescents 07-15 years, 11 months and 29 days old, of both genders, with a cleft lip and palate or isolated palate, with and without associated hearing loss living in Bauru and in treatment at HRAC. The research was qualitative and quantitative, and census with a universe composed of 52 participants, divided into two groups: one consisting of 36 children and adolescents with cleft lip and palate and without hearing loss, and another group of 16 subjects with cleft lip and palate and hearing loss associated. Data analysis was descriptive and guided by the objectives and theoretical frameworks. The results showed no significant differences between groups in relation to socioeconomic, family, educational and social aspects. Both experience the worsening of living with the aesthetic and functional impairment caused by the malfunction, in a society that overvalues appearance, totally preoccupied with image and prejudiced as the differences. With this study we intended to acquire new knowledge about the social consequences experienced by children and adolescents with communication disorders associated with cleft lip and palate with and without hearing loss and to propose strategies for coping with expressions of social issues and meeting the demands brought by this audience, in addition to providing improvement in the quality of services provided by HRAC.

I det här examensarbetet har vi undersökt hur socionomer upplever socionomyrket i relation till allmänhetens attityder och evidensbaserad praktik. Studien består av sex kvalitativa intervjuer med yrkesverksamma socionomer inom olika kommuner och enheter. Vi har använt oss av en tematisk analys kallad Framework. Studiens resultat visade att många socionomer upplever att media ofta rapporterar negativt kring socionomer och socialtjänsten samt att allmänhetens attityder ofta var negativa. Samtliga socionomer hade ändå fått höra positiva saker om yrket från den direkta omgivningen och kände en yrkesstolthet. Kunskapen om evidensbaserad praktik visade sig variera mellan socionomerna men ansågs främst vara ett stöd i det vardagliga arbetet. / In this thesis, we have examined how social workers experience their profession with consideration to public attitudes and evidence-based practice. The study consists of six qualitative interviews with professional social workers in different municipalities and units. We have used a thematic analysis called Framework. The studies result showed that many social workers have experienced negative attitudes about the profession described in the media and from the public. All the social workers had heard positive things about the profession from their surroundings and felt pride in their work. Knowledge of evidence-based practice was found to vary between the social workers, but was primarily considered to be a support in everyday work.

Våld och hot från klienter inom socialtjänsten är vanligt förekommande visar en stor andel tidigare forskning. Forskning angående relationens betydelse för uppkomsten av detta fenomen är däremot svårare att finna. Vi har valt att undersöka socialarbetares syn på relationens betydelse för socialt arbete och om den kan påverka uppkomsten av hot och våld inom socialtjänsten. Studien är genomförd i två kommuner i Sverige, respondenterna består av 11 stycken socialarbetare inom försörjningsstöd och en enhetschef. Detta är en kvalitativ undersökning där vi använt oss av semistrukturerade intervjuer. Relationen lyfts som det primära inom de socialkontor vi studerat och våra respondenter menar att utan en god relation blir arbetet mycket svårt att genomföra. Respondenterna menar att en god relation byggs genom empati, förståelse, ödmjukhet och kommunikation samt en tydlighet i vilken roll socialarbetaren befinner sig igenom sitt arbete och sitt uppdrag som myndighetsperson. Resultatet av denna studie tyder på vikten av en god och professionell relation i arbetet med människor och hur viktigt det är att rikta mer forskning mot relationens betydelse.

Syftet med denna kvalitativa studien var att undersöka hur socialsekreterare inom myndighetsutövning, missbruk, upplever att samverkan fungerar med andra organisationer. Fyra socialsekreterare och en förste socialsekreterare intervjuades i studien. Det insamlade materialet från intervjuerna har sedan analyserats med hjälp av en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Intervjuerna analyserades med hjälp av begreppen problemorientering, målhantering och grad av anpassning. Resultatet visade att det fanns flera faktorer som påverkade samverkan. De faktorer som respondenter uppgav påverkade samverkan gynnande var att skapa bra relationer mellan samverkanspartnerna, tydliga rutiner i samverkan, en nära lokalisering mellan samverkanspartnerna, ledningen och när samverkanspartnerna litade på varandras kompetenser. De faktorer som försvårade samverkan var tidsbrist, brist på kunskap om samverkanspartnerna, olika perspektiv, konflikter, ekonomin, riktlinjer och regler. För att förbättra samverkan behöver samverkanspartnerna få en ökad förståelse för andra organisationers perspektiv och arbetsuppgifter. / The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine how social workers within exercise of authority that worked with clients who abuse substance and alcohol, experience how collaboration works with other organisations. We interviewed four social workers and one first social worker. The collected material from the interviews has been analysed using content analysis. The interviews were interpreted by the concept problem orientation, commitment to goals and degree of adaptation. The results showed several factors that affected collaboration. The factors that respondents stated affected collaboration was to create good relations with the collaboration partners, clear routines in collaboration, a near localization between the collaboration partners, the management and when the collaboration partners trusted each others competences. These were benefitting factors for collaboration. Lack of time, lack of knowledge about the collaboration partners, different perspective, conflicts, economy and rules was aggravating factors for collaboration. In order to improve synergies, collaboration partners need to be better at understanding the other organizations’ perspectives and tasks.

Socialtjänsten är idag drabbad av en hög arbetsbelastning, något som lett till hög personal omsättning och en hög andel arbetsrelaterade besvär. Flera statliga utredningar av situationen likväl inlägg från intresseorganisationer som SKL och fackförbund föreslår att ett led i att hantera situationen är genom specialisering. Specialiseringen ska bestå i inrättandet av specialistutbildningar och specialisttjänstemän. Studien ger med hjälp av en kartläggning en nulägesbild av specialisttjänsternas förekomst, hur de benämns och inom vilka verksamhetsområden de verkar. Med hjälp av en abduktiv ansats används nyinstitutionell organisationsteori i ett försök att förstå specialisttjänsterna utifrån socialchefers uppfattningar av dessa. / Today the Swedish social services are suffering from high workloads. Consequently this has led to poor retention and high turnover rates. Several Official Reports of the Swedish Governemnt as well as input from unions and Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions suggests that one way to handle the situation is through a more specialized social service. The suggested specialization includes masterprograms in socialwork (MSW, 60 ECT) for social workers and specialized civil servants. The present study will examine the prevalence of this kind of specialists, what they are called, their function and in what parts of the social services they serve. In the present studie I will atempt to understand specialized civil servants from interviews with social service managers perceptions using abduction and neoinstutitional organizational theory.

Supervision is the process in which the supervisor helps supervisees to use their skills and knowledge to deliver effective services to the clients, thus achieving organisational objectives. For the organisation to render effective and efficient services to their clientele, supervision is necessary to all employees to ensure that they receive the relevant education and support for effective job performance. This study was conducted to explore the perspectives of social workers regarding supervision in the Department of Social Development in Johannesburg. The study was conducted amongst social workers working for the Department of Social Development in Johannesburg. The researcher’s motivation for choice of study emanates from the observation and experience she had regarding supervision during her deployment as a Social worker in the Limpopo Department of Health and Welfare, and during her deployment in the Department of Social Development in Johannesburg. The researcher never received formal supervision, and this resulted in development of interest by the researcher in determining the viewpoints of other social workers regarding supervision within the Department. In undertaking this research, a quantitative approach was utilised to understand the social worker’s perspectives, with the intention of making practical recommendations to the Department of Social Development on how to offer quality supervision. In this context, an applied research method was used as the findings will directly benefit the Department in improving service delivery by social workers by offering them effective supervision. A quantitative-descriptive design was used whereby a questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents. No sampling was done for this study as all the social workers were made part of the study because of the small population. Relevant ethical procedures were taken into account such as ensuring that the respondents complete a written consent form, Confidentiality and anonymity were guaranteed, and no harm was posed to respondents whether emotionally or physically. Literature review regarding the study of supervision focusing on the functions, methods, roles, phases and model of supervision was done. The researcher consulted various sources to obtain different viewpoints about social work supervision. The study was conducted by distributing 90 questionnaires to the supervisors to give to social workers and only 45 respondents participated in the study. Returned questionnaires were analysed by means of a computer. Data was presented by means of tables, bar chart, graphs, and pie chart. The data was interpreted using the researcher’s viewpoints and the views from the literature. The research findings indicated that social workers regard supervision as necessary and important because they will receive guidance and support in performing their duties. Though the study confirmed that supervision within the Department of Social Development was not formalized, most social workers felt that the supervision they received was effective. This could be attributed to lack of knowledge by social workers on what supervision entails or it could be that the social workers are comfortable with the structure of supervision as it is currently in the Department. It was also revealed by this study that the highest qualification of social workers was a four year B.A. (SW) degree. None of the social workers furthered their studies in MA Supervision. It was found that there was lack of knowledge on supervision process by the supervisee and supervisors. With this lack of knowledge on supervision, it is possible that the social worker’s expectations of the supervisors have diminished, thus impacting on their views about supervision. / Dissertation (MSD (Management))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Social Work and Criminology / unrestricted