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Med perspektiv på gymnasievalet : en kvalitativ undersökning av motiv, värderingar och attityder som väglett några ungdomar inför deras gymnasievalHedman, Stefan January 2007 (has links)
Vid femton års ålder ställs skolungdomar i vårt land inför ett beslut som sannolikt kommer att få konsekvenser för dem under lång tid. De ska då välja vilket gymnasieprogram de ska gå under de närmast följande tre åren, en tid under vilken de i hög grad formar sin identitet och skapar nya nätverk. Gymnasieutbildningen ger dessutom en första inriktning inför deras studie- och yrkeskarriär och valet kan därför ses som en manifestation av vad den unga människan har tänkt med sitt liv.Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka vilka motiv, värderingar och attityder som väglett några ungdomar vid deras val av gymnasieprogram. Min utgångspunkt är att det kan finnas en rad olika faktorer som spelar in och mina frågeställningar är därför:•Vilken roll har viktiga personer i den närmaste omgivningen, som föräldrar, syskon och kompisar spelat?•Vilken betydelse har individens egna biografiska erfarenheter av skola och arbete haft?•Hur kan valet av program relateras till deras nuvarande självbild eller identitet?•Kan individens mer kulturellt grundade attityder till arbete och karriär ha påverkat beslutet?•Finns det uttalade eller outtalade framtidsplaner eller livsprojekt i bakgrunden?•Vilken betydelse har individens förhållande till samhällets strukturella mönster vad gäller klass och kön i dessa fall?Undersökningen har genomförts i form av en fokusgrupp och kvalitativa intervjuer där fem gymnasieelever deltagit. De gick första året och hade därmed redan gjort sina val och dessutom påbörjat sin utbildning. Perspektivet för dem är retrospektivt.De teoretiska perspektiv jag har tillämpat på intervjumaterialet är tre: Med symbolisk interaktionism har jag försökt lägga ett aktörsperspektiv. Med Bourdieus begrepp habitus och kapital anlade jag ett strukturellt perspektiv. Slutligen har jag, med begreppet livsprojekt, velat koppla samman de intervjuades värderingsmönster med deras gymnasieval.De slutsatser som kan dras är att alla dessa perspektiv har sin tillämpning, ibland på en och samma individ. Men det har varit lättare att påvisa aktörskapet än de strukturella faktorerna. Vad gäller värderingsmönstren har undersökningen gett en mångtydig bild.
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Bedömningssamtal inom Barn- och UngdomspsykiatrinEriksson, Louise January 2009 (has links)
<p>The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of the structured and evidence-based assessment tool/method The Brief Child and Family Phone Interview (BCFPI) trough a social psychology perspective of conversation. The aim was especially to seek an understanding of the method considering aspects of children’s participation. The research question was: how do the method users apprehend the advantages and the limitations of the BCFPI method considering aspects of children’s participation. The study was carried out trough a qualitative analyze and sex respondents in two child psychiatry clinics in Sweden were interviewed. A symbolic interactionistic perspective were used to analyze the results. The results showed that it was mostly advantages that were discussed and only a few limitations were presented. No reflections about children’s participation were expressed. Together the results and analyze contributed to an understanding of the BCFPI method as a restricted method considering social psychology perspectives and perspectives of children’s participations. One interpretation of the results showed that much focus was on the effectiveness of the method. In the future it could therefor be significant to reflect upon social psychology aspects as well as aspects of children’s participation regarding the BCFPI method.</p>
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Intrycksstyrning i arbetslivet : - En studie om mellanmänskliga relationer i anställningsintervjuerStrandberg, Patrik, Andreasson Hjort, Helena January 2009 (has links)
<p>som individen tror uppskattas i det sociala sammanhanget,</p><p>så den får fram rätt framtoning? Frågor av denna karaktär har varit med att bygga</p><p>upp denna uppsats och drivit oss att ta reda på mer.</p><p>Ovanstående är temat som denna uppsats behandlar och utreder. I fokus</p><p>står det mellanmänskliga mötet som sker under anställningsintervjun och hur</p><p>intrycksstyrning används. För kandidaten och för rekryteraren är</p><p>anställningsintervjun ett tillfälle då de båda i de flesta fall vill framstå i så god</p><p>dager som möjligt. Intrycksstyrning är en metod för att skapa och förstärka intryck</p><p>med hjälp av olika taktiker. Vi har med utgångspunkt i den symboliska</p><p>interaktionismen hämtat både kunskap och inspiration och överfört dem till</p><p>anställningsintervjun som är en del av rekryteringsprocessen. Symbolisk</p><p>interaktionism fokuserar på kommunikation mellan människor och det område</p><p>som vi studerat närmare. Vi har intervjuat tre rekryterare och tre kandidater som</p><p>är anställda på Skol- och barnomsorgsförvaltningen inom Växjö kommun. Syftet</p><p>med denna uppsats har varit att få en ökad förståelse och kunskap för hur</p><p>människor agerar under anställningsintervjun. Vi har bland annat kommit fram till</p><p>att parterna vill se intervjun som ett samtal istället för ett stelt förhör eller ett</p><p>tillgjort skådespel. Vi har även kommit fram till att individerna vill agera</p><p>mänskligt och tillåtas ha fel och brister istället för att ge sken och uppfattas som</p><p>perfekta. Det har visat sig att det inte enbart är positivt att visa sina goda sidor och</p><p>agera som en reklamkampanj. Det som framkom var att överdrivna förmågor förr</p><p>eller senare kommer fram, därför är det av vikt att ha en allmänkunskap som gör</p><p>det enklare att genomskåda intrycksstyrningen.</p> / <p>Should an individual expose his true personality, express his emotions,</p><p>reveal his inner-self and disclose exactly how he feels or should the individual</p><p>assess the social environment and act according to what the individual deems to</p><p>be the most acceptable behaviour in the social context, and so project the right</p><p>impression? Questions like this have helped us to put together this essay and have</p><p>motivated us to find out more.</p><p>The above is the theme this paper deals with and investigates. Its focus is</p><p>on the interpersonal interaction that takes place during a job interview and how</p><p>impression management is used. For the candidate and the recruiter a job</p><p>interview is a time when both want to appear in as good a light as possible.</p><p>Impression Management is a method to create and reinforce an impression by</p><p>using different tactics. We have, from theoretical starting points of symbolic</p><p>interaction, obtained both knowledge and inspiration and transferred them to the</p><p>job interview as part of the recruitment process. We have interviewed three</p><p>recruiters and three candidates who are employed at Växjö municipality’s School</p><p>and Child Care Administration. The aim of this thesis has been to achieve a better</p><p>understanding and knowledge of how people inter-act during an employment</p><p>interview. We have drawn the conclusion that both parties want to see the</p><p>interview as a conversation instead of a rigid interrogation or play-acting. We also</p><p>found that the two participants want to appear humane and accept faults and</p><p>shortcomings instead of giving the impression of being perfect. It is not</p><p>considered positive to only show their good sides as in an advertising campaign.</p><p>What emerged was that exaggerated capabilities sooner or later are exposed. It is</p><p>therefore important to have a general knowledge that makes it easier to expose</p><p>impression management.</p>
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Community college transfer students' experiences of the adjustment process to a four year institution: A qualitative analysisOwens, Karen R 01 June 2007 (has links)
Today's mobile student population follows diverse paths. This research presents findings from a qualitative study investigating the perceptions of transfer students while they were actively engaged in the transfer process. Fifty-seven incoming community college transfer students (n=57) were interviewed, in a large metropolitan area, through e-journaling during fall 2006 (while students were still attending community colleges) and during spring 2007 (students' first semester of admission to the university).
The following research questions guided the study: What do transfer students perceive as a successful transfer process? From the transfer student's perspective, what supports are needed to accommodate a successful transfer process? From the transfer student's perspective, what barriers inhibit successful transfer? The study sought to identify transfer student retention policies and practices that offer the most promising outcomes, as substantiated by the transfer students. Their experiences and perceptions might have implications for improving programs and policies at either the sending or receiving institution. The necessity to determine the challenges faced by students when entering a four-year institution is key to understanding student persistence and success in attaining the baccalaureate. The Urban Transfer Research Network (UTRN) is a project funded through Lumina Foundation for Education.
The purpose of this collaborative project is to chart the pathways and success of transfer students who begin their college careers at community colleges. The research conducted in this study served as the pilot study for UTRN's qualitative research. The findings suggest three first stage transfer adjustment themes. The first stage includes: students' expectations prior to entering the university, students' initial experiences of marginality, complications from the need for guidance combined with feelings of entitlement, and students learning to navigate the university system. The second stage of the transfer students' adjustment identified the support systems needed by students: personal attention, academic integration, social interaction, and technology. Barriers to successful transfer involved the lack of communication students perceived among and within the community college and the university. The third and final stage of the transfer adjustment process offered student recommendations for change supporting reflections of self-reliance, and balance of academic rigor and personal identity.
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"Mycket snack och lite verkstad" : En kvalitativ studie om delaktighet för brukarrepresentanter / "Much talk and little action" : A study about participation of user representativesBoquist, Theres, Lindefur, Mariah January 2015 (has links)
Följande studie behandlar delaktighet för brukarrepresentanter från olika sociala företag. Det övergripande syftet med studien är att undersöka hur delaktighet kan påverkas genom social interaktion mellan blivande socionomer och representanter från sociala företag. En kvalitativ studie har genomförts genom en deltagande observation under två dagar i en framtidsverkstad mellan socionomstudenter, lärare och brukarrepresentanter. Empirin har analyserats med hjälp av symbolisk interaktionism och Goffmans dramaturgiska teaterscen. Åldersspannet på deltagarna i studien ligger på 22 - 70 år, och det var en övervägande kvinnlig deltagarskara. Studiens resultat visar att delaktighet med ett reellt inflytande är något som eftersträvas både från politiskt håll bl.a. av socialstyrelsens riktlinjer och från samhällsmedborgarna, i den här studien i form av studenter och brukarrepresentanter. Detta är dock inget som visar sig i praktiken utan det handlar snarare om en pseudodelaktighet, som innefattar "mycket snack och lite verkstad", där delaktigheten inte leder till något reellt inflytande. Det krävs en jämn maktfördelning mellan olika grupprepresentanter för att ge rätt förutsättningar i skapandet av delaktighet på lika villkor. Tidsbrist är en förhindrande faktor. Det visas att en framgångsfaktor för delaktighet är att vi delar samma verklighetsförståelse och eftersträvar en maktutjämning för bekämpning av stigmatisering. För detta krävs gemensamma mötesplatser. Studien visar att det krävs en långsiktighet för en lyckad implementering i alla led från utbildning till arbetsplats till medborgare. Det är en lång kedja där mycket kan gå fel på vägen. Detta kan förklara den tröghet som påvisas i denna studie. / The following study deals with the participation of user-representatives from various social enterprises. The overall aim of the study is to examine how participation can be influenced by social interactions between future social workers and user-representatives from social enterprises. A qualified study has been carried out through a participant observation for two days in a future-workshop between social work students, teachers and user-representatives. Empirical data has been analyzed by means of symbolic interactionsm and Goffman's dramaturgical theater analysis. The age range of study participants is at 22-70 years and it was predominately female group of participants. The study-results show that the inclusion of real influence is something pursued both from the policies of the National board and from community citizens, in this study in terms of students and user representatives. However, this is nothing that shows in practice, it is rather a pseudoparticipation which includes a lot of talk and little action, where participation does not lead to any real influence. It requires an even division of power between different group representatives to provide the right conditions in the making of participation on equal terms. Lack of time is a preventing factor. It appears that the success of participation is that we share the same understanding of reality and pursue a power leveling to fight stigmatization. This requires common meeting places. The study shows that a long term approach for a successful implementation at all stages from education to the workplace to the citizen is required. There is at long chain where much can go wrong along the way. This may explain the inertia detected in this study.
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Arbetslöshet bland unga vuxna : En kvalitativ studie om ungas upplevelse av sin situation som arbetslös / Unemployment among young adults : A qualitative study on young people´s views on their situation as unemployedElander, Sophia January 2014 (has links)
Denna uppsats kommer att behandla arbetslöshet bland unga vuxna som just nu befinner sig i ett arbetsmarknadspolitiskt program via ett specifikt företag här i Sverige. Företagets arbete syftar bland annat till att hjälpa långtidsarbetslösa till sysselsättning. Syftet med undersökningen är att utifrån informanternas upplevelse analysera vad som påverkar just deras arbetslöshet. Jag har utifrån en kvalitativ metod genomfört sex intervjuer med unga män i åldrarna 22-26 år. Materialet har sedan analyserats utifrån två sociologiska perspektiv: Symbolisk interaktionism samt Emotionssociologi. I min analys av materialet fann jag två kärnkategorier. Den första var kategorin ung och stigmatiserad, vilken genomsyrades av informanternas upplevelse att de som unga inte alltid får chansen att visa vad de går för. Men också att de som unga helt enkelt inte har hunnit skaffa sig tillräckligt med erfarenhet eller nätverk. Detta kan bero på den förlängda etableringsprocessen som även forskningen i ämnet tar upp. Den andra kärnkategorin jag fann var socialt stöd, vilken var av en betydande roll när det gäller informanternas situation som arbetslösa. Stöd visade sig nämligen höja motivationen till att ta sig ur deras arbetslöshet. Fanns det inget stöd från tillexempel familjemedlemmar tenderade detta istället att ge informanterna upplevelser av skam över sin situation och därmed även en lägre motivation för vissa av dem. Informanterna blev även färgade av hur deras närmaste omgivning såg på dem som arbetslösa, vilket också påverkade hur de upplevde att övriga samhället värderade dem. / This paper will address unemployment among young adults who now find themselves in an action program through a specific company here in Sweden, whose work, among other things, aims to help long-term unemployed into employment. The purpose of the study is based on the informants' experience analyzing what affects their particular unemployment. I have based the study on a qualitative method and conducted six interviews with young men aged 22-26 years. The material was then analyzed and based on two sociological perspectives: symbolic interactionism and emotion sociology. In my analysis of the material I found two corecategories. The first category is young and stigmatized and this category was imbued with that young people not always get the chance to show what they can do. But also because they simply have not yet acquired enough experience or networks. This may be due to the extended provisioning process that research on this subject raises. The other corecategory is social support, wich had a significant role in the informants' situation as unemployed. Support turned out to increase the motivation to get out of their unemployment. If there was no support from families, informants tended to feel ashamed about their situation and thus tended to give a lower motivation for some of them. The informants were also affected by how the people around them viewed them as unemployed, which in turn affected how they felt the rest of society valued them.
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About Me: A narrative analysis of self-presentation in women's online dating profilesTurner, Emma 09 May 2012 (has links)
This thesis investigated women’s self-presentation when seeking a romantic partner on an online dating site. Fifteen online dating profiles written by women, ages 25 to 29, seeking a male partner were collected and analyzed. Narrative analysis was used to study the profiles’ thematic content and structural form. From the thematic analysis, two stories emerged: the Single Woman Story and the Relationship Story. Within the Single Woman Story, there were four themes: Poetic and Philosophical, Idealistic, Independent, and Active. Within the Relationship Story, there were two main themes: Adventures of a New Life Stage, and Sharing a Life with Someone. From the structural analysis, a continuum was evident: at one end, women focused primarily on themselves (Who I Am) and at the other end, women primarily focused on a potential partner (Who You Are). The strengths and limitations of the study, along with implications of the results are discussed.
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Utbildning är gratis här i Sverige,men det är en sanning med modifikation. : En kvalitativ studie om barnfattigdom i skolmiljöSjöström, Jessica, Nordin, Hans January 2013 (has links)
This is a qualitative study about child poverty within the school environment. The purpose is to examine how financial resources can affect the social standings of teenagers and how that affects them in school; how the school system view and work with child poverty as well as how they act within the legal framework that requires the school to be free of charge. This was done through analyzing earlier research and conducting five interviews with personnel at three schools for children ages 13-15. Our results show that social standing can be affected by a lack of financial resources, partially due to not having certain mobile phones or brand clothing, partially because they cannot afford to join in on social activities. Furthermore, teenagers view child poverty as shameful and a risk factor for social exclusion. The schools all saw child poverty as a problem that they work with through preemptive methods.
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I Imagine You Here Now : Relationship Maintenance Strategies in Long-Distance Intimate RelationshipsJurkane-Hobein, Iveta January 2015 (has links)
Today, individuals can relatively easily meet and communicate with each other over great distances due to increased mobility and advances in communication technology. This also allows intimate relationships to be maintained over large geographical distances. Despite these developments, long-distance relationships (LDRs), i.e. intimate relationships maintained over geographical distance, remain understudied. The present thesis aims to fill this knowledge gap and investigates how intimate partners who live so far away from each other that they cannot meet every day make their relationship ongoing beyond face-to-face interaction. Theoretically, this study departs from a symbolic interactionist viewpoint that invites us to study phenomena from the actor’s perspective. Conceptually, the thesis builds on the recent development in sociology of intimate lives that sees intimacy as a relational quality that has to be worked on to be sustained, and that focuses on the practices that make a relationship a relationship. Empirically, the thesis is based upon 19 in-depth interviews with individuals from Latvia with long-distance relationship experience. The thesis consists of four articles. Article I studies the context in which LDRs in Latvia are maintained, focusing on the normative constraints that complicate LDR maintenance. Article II analyses how intimacy is practiced over geographical distance. Article III examines how long-distance partners manage the experience of the time they are together and the time they are geographically apart. Article IV explores the aspect of idealization in LDRs. Overall, the thesis argues for the critical role of imagination in relationship maintenance. The relationship maintenance strategies identified within the articles are imagination-based mediated communication (creating sensual/embodied intimacy, emotional intimacy, daily intimacy and imagined individual intimacy); time-work strategies that enable long-distance partners to deal with the spatiotemporal borders of the time together and the time apart; and creating bi-directional idealization. The thesis is also one of the few works in the field of intimate lives in Eastern Europe and analyses the normative complications that long-distance partners face in their relationship maintenance in Latvia.
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The Social Construction of Place Meaning: Exploring Multiple Meanings of Place as an Outdoor Teaching and Learning EnvironmentGkoutis, Georgios January 2014 (has links)
This investigation explores the meanings primary school teachers who apply outdoor learning and teaching methods associate withthe places that encompass their teaching practices. A symbolic interactionist framework coupled with a social constructionistorientation was employed to analyze data collected from semi-structured interviews and photo elicitation techniques. The findingsillustrated that meaning ascribed to place derived from the interactional processes between the study’s respondents and thephysical setting within which educational interventions occurred. The nature of these interactions also appeared to be highlyinfluenced by the social worlds in which informants participated and their featured social processes. The results elucidated that theattribution of meaning to learning landscapes was impacted by school administrational factors, institutionalized school practices,the respondents’ university education and the perspectives they held about outdoor teaching and learning. Findings from thisenquiry make progress towards gaining an insight into the social construction of meanings ascribed to outdoor learningenvironments. Additionally, they contribute to a theoretical discussion regarding the impact of social contexts encompassingteaching and learning interventions on the educational potential of outdoor places.
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