Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:53:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CristinaKNY_DISSERT.pdf: 2647899 bytes, checksum: 38fec83f99c6340d8c2475bec099d1b8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-03 / In recent decades the public sector comes under pressure in order to improve its performance. The use of Information Technology (IT) has been a tool increasingly used in reaching that goal. Thus, it has become an important issue in public organizations, particularly in institutions of higher education, determine which factors influence the acceptance and use of technology, impacting on the success of its implementation and the desired organizational results. The Technology Acceptance Model - TAM was used as the basis for this study and is based on the constructs perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. However, when it comes to integrated management systems due to the complexity of its implementation,organizational factors were added to thus seek further explanation of the acceptance of such systems. Thus, added to the model five TAM constructs related to critical success factors in implementing ERP systems, they are: support of top management, communication, training, cooperation, and technological complexity (BUENO and SALMERON, 2008). Based on the foregoing, launches the following research problem: What factors influence the acceptance and use of SIE / module academic at the Federal University of Para, from the users' perception of teachers and technicians? The purpose of this study was to identify the influence of organizational factors, and behavioral antecedents of behavioral intention to use the SIE / module academic UFPA in the perspective of teachers and technical users. This is applied research, exploratory and descriptive, quantitative with the implementation of a survey, and data collection occurred through a structured questionnaire applied to a sample of 229 teachers and 30 technical and administrative staff. Data analysis was carried out through descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling with the technique of partial least squares (PLS). Effected primarily to assess the measurement model, which were verified reliability, convergent and discriminant validity for all indicators and constructs. Then the structural model was analyzed using the bootstrap resampling technique like. In assessing statistical significance, all hypotheses were supported. The coefficient of determination (R ?) was high or average in five of the six endogenous variables, so the model explains 47.3% of the variation in behavioral intention. It is noteworthy that among the antecedents of behavioral intention (BI) analyzed in this study, perceived usefulness is the variable that has a greater effect on behavioral intention, followed by ease of use (PEU) and attitude (AT). Among the organizational aspects (critical success factors) studied technological complexity (TC) and training (ERT) were those with greatest effect on behavioral intention to use, although these effects were lower than those produced by behavioral factors (originating from TAM). It is pointed out further that the support of senior management (TMS) showed, among all variables, the least effect on the intention to use (BI) and was followed by communications (COM) and cooperation (CO), which exert a low effect on behavioral intention (BI). Therefore, as other studies on the TAM constructs were adequate for the present research. Thus, the study contributed towards proving evidence that the Technology Acceptance Model can be applied to predict the acceptance of integrated management systems, even in public. Keywords: Technology / Nas ?ltimas d?cadas o setor p?blico vem sofrendo press?es com vistas a melhorar seu desempenho. A utiliza??o da Tecnologia da Informa??o (TI) tem sido uma ferramenta cada vez mais empregada na tentativa de alcan?ar esse objetivo. Dessa forma, passou a ser uma importante quest?o nas organiza??es p?blicas, e em particular nas institui??es de ensino superior, verificar quais fatores influenciam a aceita??o e o uso da tecnologia, impactando no sucesso de sua implementa??o e nos resultados organizacionais almejados. O Modelo de Aceita??o da Tecnologia TAM foi utilizado como base para o presente estudo e fundamenta-se nos construtos utilidade percebida e facilidade de uso percebida. No entanto, quando se trata de sistemas integrados de gest?o, devido ? complexidade de sua implanta??o, acrescentaram-se fatores organizacionais para assim buscar maior explica??o da aceita??o desses sistemas. Assim, acrescentaram-se ao modelo TAM cinco construtos relacionados aos fatores cr?ticos de sucesso na implementa??o de sistemas ERP, s?o eles: apoio da alta administra??o, comunica??o, treinamento, coopera??o, e complexidade tecnol?gica (BUENO e SALMERON, 2008). Com base no exposto, lan?a-se o seguinte problema de pesquisa: quais fatores influenciam a aceita??o e uso do SIE/m?dulo acad?mico na Universidade Federal do Par?, a partir da percep??o dos usu?rios t?cnicos e docentes? O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi identificar a influ?ncia de fatores organizacionais e comportamentais como antecedentes da inten??o comportamental de uso do SIE/m?dulo acad?mico na UFPA sob a perspectiva dos usu?rios docentes e t?cnicos. A presente pesquisa ? aplicada, explorat?ria e descritiva, de natureza quantitativa com a aplica??o de um survey, e a coleta de dados se deu por meio de question?rio estruturado aplicado a uma amostra composta por 229 docentes e 30 t?cnico-administrativos. A an?lise de dados se deu atrav?s de estat?sticas descritivas e modelagem de equa??o estrutural com a t?cnica de m?nimos quadros parciais (Partial Least Square-PLS). Primeiramente efetuou-se a avalia??o do modelo de mensura??o, no qual foram verificadas a confiabilidade, validade convergente e discriminante para todos os indicadores e construtos. Em seguida, o modelo estrutural foi analisado, com a utiliza??o de bootstrap como t?cnica de reamostragem. Na avalia??o das signific?ncias estat?sticas, todas as hip?teses formuladas foram suportadas. O coeficiente de determina??o (R?) foi considerado alto ou m?dio em 5 das 6 vari?veis end?genas, assim o modelo consegue explicar 47,3% da varia??o da inten??o comportamental. Ressalta-se que, dentre os antecedentes da inten??o comportamental (BI) analisados no presente estudo, utilidade percebida ? a vari?vel que possui maior efeito sobre a inten??o comportamental, seguida pela facilidade de uso (PEU) e a atitude (AT). Dentre os aspectos organizacionais (fatores cr?ticos de sucesso) estudados, complexidade tecnol?gica (TC) e treinamento (TRE) foram aqueles com maior efeito sobre a inten??o comportamental de usar, apesar desses efeitos serem inferiores aos produzidos pelos fatores comportamentais (origin?rios do TAM). Destaca-se, ainda, que o apoio da alta administra??o (TMS) apresentou, entre todas as vari?veis, o menor efeito sobre a inten??o de usar (BI) e foi seguida pela comunica??o (COM) e coopera??o (CO), as quais exercem um baixo efeito sobre a inten??o comportamental (BI). Portanto, conforme outros estudos, os construtos relativos ao TAM mostraram-se adequados para a presente pesquisa. Dessa maneira, o estudo contribuiu no sentido de demonstrar ind?cios de que o Modelo de Aceita??o da Tecnologia pode ser aplicado ? predi??o da aceita??o de sistemas integrados de gest?o, mesmo em organiza??es p?blicas.

Des cellules souches neurales (CSN) persistent dans le cerveau de mammifères adultes, y compris l'Homme. Les CSN participent à l'homéostasie tissulaire en générant de nouveaux neurones, permettant le remplacement de certains neurones morts. Cependant, la production de nouvelles cellules se fait en excès et plus de la moitié des cellules nouvellement générées meurent. Les cellules mortes ainsi que leurs débris doivent être éliminés par phagocytose. Dans une première partie de ma thèse, nous avons montré pour la première fois, que les CSN sont capables de phagocytose et que cette activité des CSN est régulée par la protéine S (ProS), une protéine vitamine-K dépendante, et son récepteur MerTK. Une rupture de l'homéostasie tissulaire conduit à des pathologies dont les cancers. Les interactions entre les CSN et des tumeurs cérébrales, les gliomes, sont duelles et étroites : des CSN dont la prolifération est dérégulée seraient à l'origine des tumeurs, mais, à l'inverse, les CSN saines peuvent migrer vers les gliomes et inhiber leur croissance. Dans une deuxième partie de ma thèse, nous avons confirmé l'effet anti-tumoral des CSN et nous avons établi que la ProS sécrétée par les gliomes attire les CSN vers la tumeur d'une part, et d'autre part, que les CSN diminuent la croissance tumorale par la sécrétion de leur ProS. Nous démontrons de plus, que ce processus s'accompagne d'une mort cellulaire des gliomes dont les débris sont phagocytés par les CSN. Mon travail de thèse a permis d'identifier de nouveaux mécanismes impliqués dans le maintien de l'homéostasie tissulaire par les CSN en conditions physiopathologiques. / Neural stem cells (NSC) persist in the brain of adult mammals, including humans. NSC contribute to tissue homeostasis maintenance through the genesis of new neurons that replace part of the cells that are maybe lost. However, the production of new cells is in excess and half of the newly generated cells die. Dead cells and their debris must be removed by phagocytosis. NSC express protein S (ProS) and its receptors, which are involved in phagocytosis. During the first part of my PhD thesis, we established for the first time, using in vitro and in vivo experiments, that NSC possess a phagocytic activity which is regulated by protein S (ProS), a vitamin K-dependent protein, and its receptor MerTK. Tissue homeostasis disruption leads to diseases such as cancers. Interactions between the NSC and brain tumors such as gliomas are dual and complex: glioma may arise from transformed NSC, but, conversely, normal NSC migrate towards glioma and inhibit their growth. Our study confirms the anti-tumoral effect of NSC and demonstrates, for the first time that ProS secreted by gliomas acts on Tyro-3 to attract NSC and that NSC secrete ProS which reduces tumor growth of ProS. In addition, we show that this process results in the death of glioma cells that are then phagocytosed by NSC. Our highlights identified novel mechanisms by which NSC contribute to tissue homeostasis in pathophysiological conditions.

Lösenordshanterare har länge varit tillgängliga och det finns mycket forskning som tyder på att användningen av dem är begränsad. Deras funktionalitet hjälper användaren att generera och spara unika och starka lösenord för varje individuell inloggning. Vi utformar en enkät med hjälp av tidigare forskning och en modifierad version av teknikacceptansmodellen i syfte att undersöka demografiska variablers påverkan på användningen av lösenordshanterare. Undersökningen bedrivs genom att kvantitativ data samlas in från den digitala plattformen reddit.com. Denna data analyseras därefter med hjälp av statistiska metoder, där vi kommer fram till att det finns signifikanta skillnaderivariablernakön,geografiskplats,antalunikalösenordochdatorvana. Dessa variabler påverkade både den faktiska användningen, men också attityden till systemet. Vi diskuterar detta resultat utifrån den presenterade teorin och relaterad forskning. / Password managers have been available for a long time, and there has been a lot of research showing that these tools are not commonly used. Their functionality helps the usertobothgenerateandsaveuniqueandstrongpasswordsforeachindividualauthentication online. We conduct a quantitative investigation where we create a survey based on related research and a modified version of the Technology Acceptance Model. The dataforourquantitativeanalysisweregatheredbypublishingasurveyontheplattform Reddit.com. Thisdatawerethereafteranalysedusingstatisticalmethods,whereanumber of statistically significant differences were found. We found that gender, geographic location,amountofuniquepasswordsandcomputerprofiencyallhadsignificanteffects on either the actual system use or on the attitude towards the system. These results are evaluated by relating them to the presented theories and related research.

The main purpose of the study was to analyze whether age, gender and integrity affect the acceptance of self-driving cars. The theoretical framework TAM (Technology AcceptanceModel) is used as a starting point for acceptance where we set our variables against Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Ease of Use that are the main variables in the model. A quantitative method has been applied and a survey was used for data collection. The survey was sent to 140 students. The response rate was 82 % involving a total of 116 respondents, of which 60 were women and 53 were men, where age ranged between 18-60 years old. The results of a T-test showed that there was a correlation between gender and acceptance of self-driving cars. The remaining variables could not be linked to acceptance in our study. The conclusion that we could make from this study was that there was a correlation between gender and acceptance of self-driving cars based on the cognitive mindset that is separated between the sexes. / Det huvudsakliga syftet med studien var att analysera ifall ålder, kön och integritet påverkar acceptans av självkörande bilar. Det teoretiska ramverket TAM (Technology AcceptanceModel) används som utgångspunkt för acceptans där vi ställde våra variabler gentemot den Uppfattade Användbarheten och den Uppfattade Användarvänligheten som är huvudvariableri modellen. En kvantitativ metod har använts och där ett frågeformulär skickades till 140 studenter. Svarsfrekvensen låg på 82% där totalt 116 respondenter, varav 60 kvinnor och 53 män i åldrarna mellan 18–60. Resultatet från ett T-test visade att det fanns samband mellan kön och acceptans av självkörande bilar. Resterande variabler kunde inte kopplas till acceptans i studien. Slutsatsen vi kunde dra utifrån denna studie var att det fanns ett samband mellan kön och acceptans av självkörande bilar, baserat på det kognitiva tankesättet som skiljs åt mellan könen.

Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB är intresserade av att digitalisera deras arbetsprocesser. Således är syftet med denna studie att undersöka om AR presterar bättre än papper som en instruktionsmetod för operatorer på Siemens i Trollhättan. För att kunna svara på frågan "Hur väl presterar Augmented Reality (AR) teknik som instruktionsmetod till skillnad från papper för operatorer i en produktionsmiljö?", har två kvalitativa metoder tillämpats. Datainsamling skedde med hjälp av observationer och semi-strukturerade intervjuer för analys tillstudien. Vårt val av teoretiskt ramverk tillämpades inte endast för att undersöka prestanda, det användes även för undersökning av operatörernas vilja att införa AR som en instruktionsmetod. Resultaten från denna studie visar att AR presterade bättre som en instruktionsmetod och att operatörerna hade en positiv inställning vid användning av AR. Däremot, är det fortfarande oklart hur väl denna teknologi kommer att accepteras. Detta beror huvudsakligen på faktum att framtida förbättringar behöver utföras när det kommer till hårdvara och avsaknaden av skräddarsydda applikationer för operatörernas behov. / Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB is interested in digitizing their current work processes. Therefore, the reason for this study is to examine if AR performs better than paper as an instruction method for operators at Siemens in Trollhättan. In order to answer the question "How well does Augmented Reality (AR) technology perform compared to physical papers as an instruction method for operators in a production environment?", two qualitative methods have been applied. Data was collected by using observations and semi-structured interviews for the analysis of this study. Our choice of theoretical framework was not only applied for evaluating the performance, but also the operators' willingness to adopt AR as a form of instruction method. The findings from the results show that AR performs better as an instruction method and that the operators had a positive attitude when using AR. However, it is still unclear how well this technology will be accepted. This is mainly due to the fact that future improvements still need to be made to the hardware and the lack of customized applications for the operators' needs.

This study examines inexperienced users’ perceptions of therelationships between aspects of user acceptance in professionalmeetings, based on usability tests performed in a VR application.The study is supported by specific parts of a Design scienceresearch methodology. As a starting point in the study of useracceptance, a specifically developed version of the TechnologyAcceptance Model (TAM) is used. This TAM-tool focuses on useracceptance in relation to the two basic aspects, perceivedusefulness and perceived ease of use and these, in which relationsare also explored relative to perceived enjoyment, perceivedpresence and perceived cybersickness. In the study, three testrounds were performed with a total of six participants with minorexperience of VR. The participants conducted usability tests ofprofessional meetings in pairs, in a pre-alpha version of meetingcontexts in Freeland VR based on explicit scenarios. The testsessions were videotaped, and selected clips were used to triggerthe participants’ reflections in the interviews conducted inimmediate connection with the test sessions. The main empiricaldata is thus audio recordings of the interviews. A qualitativeanalysis was then made of the respondents’ reflections on thedifferent aspects of user acceptance that were analyzed in relationto each other to understand how they affect each other in differentways. The results showed that the participants perceived that useracceptance of the professional meetings in Freeland VR was clearlyrelated to the fact that they saw the potential for usefulness inprofessional meeting settings. The lack of ease of use in some of thescenarios and cybersickness were also perceived as somewhatnegatively related to user acceptance, although not explicitly sincethe participants themselves perceived them as transitional anddisappearing with more habit. The result clearly suggested that thepositive aspects in relation to user acceptance were both theevidently perceived presence and enjoyment. The overallconclusion is that the relationships between aspects that are mostclearly perceived as important for user acceptance were therelationships between the overall aspect, perceived usability andthe two underlying aspects perceived enjoyment and perceivedpresence. / I denna studie undersöks ovana användares uppfattningar avrelationer mellan aspekter av användaracceptans i ettprofessionellt möte, utifrån användbarhetstester i en VRapplikation med efterföljande intervjuer, med stöd av en del av endesignvetenskaplig metod. Som utgångspunkt i undersökningenav användaracceptans används en för studien särskilt utveckladvariant av Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). I denna TAM fokuseras användaracceptans i relation till de två grundläggandeaspekterna, uppfattad användbarhet och uppfattadanvändarvänlighet och dessa sätts även i relation till uppfattatnöje, uppfattad närvaro och uppfattad cybersickness. Tretestomgångar har utförts med totalt sex antal deltagare medobetydlig tidigare erfarenhet av VR. Metoden gick ut på attdeltagarna i par fick utföra användbarhetstester av en pre-alphaversion av professionella möten i studiens applikation, FreelandVR, utifrån tydliga scenarier. Dessa videodokumenterades ochutvalda videoklipp användes för att trigga testpersonernasreflektioner i intervjuerna och genomfördes i direkt anslutning tilltestsessionerna. Den huvudsakliga empiriska datan är såledesljudinspelningar av användarintervjuer. En kvalitativ analysgjordes därefter av respondenternas reflektioner om de olikaaspekterna av användaracceptans som analyserades i relation tillvarandra för att ge insikt i hur de påverkar varandra på olika sätt.Resultatet visade att testpersonerna uppfattade attanvändaracceptansen av mötena i Freeland VR var tydligt relaterattill att de såg användbarhetspotential för professionella möten.Även om användarvänligheten inte upplevdes som hög i allascenarier och cybersickness uppfattades vara något negativtrelaterat till användaracceptans, var det inte så påtagligt eftersomtestpersonerna själva uppfattade det som övergående med mervana. Det framgick av resultatet att mer tydliga positiva aspekter irelation till användaracceptans var uppfattad närvaro ochuppfattat nöje. Således är den övergripande slutsatsen att derelationer mellan aspekter som analytiskt framkom tydligast somviktiga för användaracceptansen var relationerna mellan denövergripande aspekten uppfattad användbarhet och de tvåunderliggande aspekterna uppfattat nöje och uppfattad närvaro

Organizations that adopt digital innovations are facing a digital transformation, which can cause complications if not implemented in a systematic and methodical way. Due to Covid-19 organizations have had to adapt their work structure to enable personal to work from home to ensure the health of staff and customers. Covid-19 also forced organizations to accelerate their digital transformation which have led to a stressful implementation of new technology. An accelerated transformation can result in minimal effects which in turn results in failure and the organization can suffer the loss of assets, skills, and income. This case study aims to investigate how an organization in the Swedish bakery market has handled an accelerated digital transformation due to external pressure from Covid-19. Also, the study aims to investigate which relationship in the model T-O-E has the greatest impact on the organization’s technology adaptation. Seven hypotheses and one null hypothesis were generated based on theory and previous research. To answer these, a web-based quantitative survey was conducted consisting of 59 questions, measuring 18-character traits, which in turn examine five dimensions, (1) the digital transformation process, (2) individual impediments, (3) the organization’s obstacles and opportunities as well as the competence and incompetence imbedded in the organization, (4) perceived usability and user-friendliness and (5) Covid-19. The questionnaire was then analysed to find mean, standard deviation, percentage, and correlation. The result show that the company has successfully accomplished the transformation and this despite that all theory goes against this accomplishment, and sates that an accelerated digital transformation would result in failure. Furthermore, the result show that external pressures (in this case Covid-19) in T-O-E had the greatest impact on the organization's success and was the reason that the implementation succeeded without major complications. It turned out that the degree of complexity of the technology played a big role in the company's success. Because if the technology had maintained a greater degree of complexity, the company would probably not have been as successful. In conclusion, the factor Organization played a crucial role in the adoption of the technology, because the management despite a forced accelerated digital transformation managed to generate a smart leadership and an ideal culture, that caused most of the staff to experience the transformation positively. The study shows that companies do not need strategic analysis to be successful in a transformation, but on the other hand, a threefold symbiosis of technology, organization & Covid-19 is required to succeed with a forced accelerated transformation. / Organisationer som anammar digitala innovationer står inför en digital transformering, vilket kan ge upphov till komplikationer om det inte införs på ett systematiskt och metodiskt sätt. På grund av Covid-19 har organisationer fått anpassa sin organisation till arbeta hemifrån, för att säkerställa personalens och kunders hälsa. Detta har lett till att organisationer stressar med transformeringen vilket kan leda till att effekten blir minimal, som i sin tur resulterar i ett misslyckande och organisationen går miste om tillgångar, kompetens och intäkter. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka hur en organisation inom den svenska bagerimarknaden har hanterat en accelererad digital transformering på grund externa påtryckningar från Covid-19 och till att undersöka vilket förhållande i modellen T-O-E (technology-organization-environment) som har störst inverkan på organisationens framgång i transformationen. För att uppnå syftet skapades sju hypoteser och en nollhypotes utifrån teori och tidigare forskning. För att besvara dessa hypoteser och samla in data genomfördes en webbaserad kvantitativ enkät som bestod av 59 frågor, som mäter 18 karaktärsdrag, som i sin tur undersöker fem dimensioner, (1) den digitala transformeringsprocessen, (2) individuella mot-och medgångar, (3) organisationens hinder och möjligheter samt kompetens och inkompetens, (4) upplevd användbarhet och användarvänlighet och (5) Covid-19. Sedan analyserades enkäten för att hitta medelvärden, standardavvikelser, procentsatser och samvariationer. Resultatet visar att företaget har på ett framgångsrikt sätt lyckats med transformeringen och detta trots att all teori tyder på att en accelererad digital transformering inte skulle uppnå önskvärda resultat. Vidare visar resultatet att externa påtryckningar (i detta fall Covid-19) i T-O-E hade störst inverkan på organisationens framgång och medförde att implementeringen genomfördes utan större komplikationer. Det visade sig att teknikens grad av komplexitet spelade en stor roll i företagets framgång. Detta eftersom om tekniken hade erhållit en större grad av komplexitet hade troligen företaget inte varit lika framgångsrikt. Avslutningsvis spelade faktorn organisation en avgörande roll i adoptionen av tekniken, eftersom ledningen trots en påtvingad accelererad digital transformering lyckades generera ett smart ledarskap och en idealisk kultur som medförde att majoriteten av personalen upplevde transformeringen positiv. Studien visar att företag inte behöver strategiska analyser för att vara framgångsrika i en transformering men däremot krävs det en trefaldig symbios av teknologi, organisation & Covid-19 för att lyckas med en påtvingad accelererad transformering.

El presente estudio se basa en la investigación, realizada por los autores, denominada “Increasing e-government adoption by emphasizing environmental sustainability: an extended case study in Peru” [42] que constó de lo siguiente: Análisis y propósito de la investigación: Se tiene como propósito el analizar y comprender la intensión de uso del Gobierno Electrónico por parte de los ciudadanos mediante la consideración de un valor público, específicamente la Sostenibilidad Ambiental, como principal influenciador. En la actualidad existen bajas tasas de adopción de este tipo de sistemas por parte de la población, lo que permite que se puedan aprovechar al máximo los beneficios de su correcta implementación y uso. Diseño/Metodología/Aproximación: Mediante un caso de estudio en Perú, se diseñó una extensión del Modelo de Aceptación Tecnológica (TAM) considerando un Valor Público como variable independiente: Sostenibilidad Ambiental. Se elaboró e implementó una encuesta de 18 elementos a ciudadanos expuestos previamente al Gobierno Electrónico de Lima, Perú, para recolectar la data necesaria para validar la propuesta e hipótesis mediante el modelado de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM). Resultados: Los resultados confirmaron de manera positiva las hipótesis planteadas mediante el análisis estadístico. Esto debe ser considerado por las autoridades y administradores de iniciativas gubernamentales para aumentar la adopción de este tipo de servicios entre los ciudadanos. Principal conclusión: Se demostró que los ciudadanos son influidos de manera positiva por el Valor Público Sostenibilidad Ambiental para adoptar al Gobierno Electrónico. / This study is based on the research developed by the authors called “Increasing e-government adoption by emphasizing environmental sustainability: an extended case study in Peru” [42] which consisted of the following: Analysis and purpose of the research: The purpose of this study is to analyze and understand the intention of using Electronic Government by citizens through the consideration of a public value, specifically Environmental Sustainability, as the main influencer. Currently, there are low rates of adoption of this type of systems by the population, which allows the benefits of its correct implementation and use to be maximized. Design/Methodology/Approach: Through a case study in Peru, an extension of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was designed considering a Public Value as an independent variable: Environmental Sustainability. A survey of 18 elements was prepared and implemented among citizens previously exposed to the Electronic Government of Lima, Peru, to collect the data necessary to validate the proposal and hypothesis through the modeling of structural equations (SEM). Results: The results positively confirmed the hypotheses raised by statistical analysis. This should be considered by the authorities and administrators of government initiatives to increase the adoption of this type of services among citizens. Main conclusion: It was shown that citizens are positively influenced by Public Value Environmental Sustainability to adopt Electronic Government. / Tesis

Robotic Process Automation(RPA) är en mjukvaruteknik som används för att automatisera monotona och repetitiva processer. Denna teknik används på många håll, både inom privat- och offentlig sektor, och inom många olika områden. Sedan RPA-tekniken introducerades har utvecklingen gått framåt i rask takt, bland annat hos Sveriges kommuner. År 2017 infördes en lag som godkänner offentliga organisationer att automatisera sina beslutsstöd vilket ledde till att bland annat Trelleborg kommun införde automatiserade beslutsstöd inom socialförvaltningens process med ekonomiskt bistånd. Tidigare har socialförvaltningar utfört beslutsstödsprocesser manuellt men med den nya lagstiftningen har allt fler socialförvaltningar börjat med automation. Kommuner som börjat använda RPA har till viss del fått kritik kring frågan om RPA är lämpad för ärenden som involverar en subjektiv bedömning. I denna studie undersöks användningen av RPA i kommuner, och mer specifikt fokuserar den på två frågor; Hur använder kommunerna i Sverige för närvarande RPA? Vilken attityd har användare till användning av RPA i processen för ekonomiskt bistånd? Studien genomfördes genom att intervjua IT-specialister i utvalda kommuner med hjälp av kvalitativa metoder för datainsamling och dataanalys. Resultaten analyserades utifrån det teoretiska ramverket Technology Acceptance Model, TAM. Av resultaten drogs slutsatsen att RPA är ett utforskat område för samtliga kommuner, men beroende på kommun så har RPA implementerats i varierande omfattning. Automatiserade beslutsstöd är på gång i flera kommuner men den nya lagen upplevs till viss del svårtolkad. Många av de anställda ser RPA som ett positivt tillägg till arbetet och välkomnar tekniken. / Robotic Process Automation (RPA) is a software technology used to automate monotonous and repetitive processes. This technology is used in many places, both in the private and public sectors, and in different applications. Since the introduction, the RPA technology has been developed rapidly in e.g. Sweden's municipalities. In 2017, a law was passed that allows public organizations to automate their decision support. This led, e.g., to that the Trelleborg municipality introduced automated decision support within the social-administration financial-aid process. In the past, social services have carried out decision support processes manually, but with the new legislation, more and more social administrations have started to use automation. Municipalities that have started to use RPA, have been criticized regarding the suitability of RPA as a tool for subjective assessments. In this study, the use of RPA in municipalities is investigated, and more specifically it focuses on two questions; How do the municipalities in Sweden currently work with RPA? What is the attitude of users to the use of RPA in the process of financial-aid? The study was carried out by interviewing IT-specialists in a selected number of municipalities by using a qualitative method for data collection and data analysis. The results were analyzed based on the theoretical framework called Technology Acceptance Model, TAM. From the results it was concluded that RPA is a technique that is or has been considered in all the actual municipalities, but has been implemented, so far, to various extent. Automated decision support is underway in several municipalities, but the new law is somewhat difficult to interpret, which reduces the implementation rate. However, many of the employees see RPA as a positive addition to the work and welcome the technology.

Bitcoin är en teknologi som har blivit allt mer etablerad i det svenska samhället. Trots att så pass många känner till teknologin är det fortfarande väldigt få som använder den. Denna studie ämnar undersöka vad som påverkar det svenska folkets acceptans av Bitcoin med hjälp av det teoretiska ramverket TAM, samt med tillägg för finansiell risk och med ett fokus på demografiska variablers (externa faktorers) påverkan på acceptansen. En kvantitativ surveyundersökning genomfördes genom en webbenkät, där totalt 204 respondenter deltog. Resultaten från enkäten analyserades med hjälp av dataanalysmetoden PLS-SEM vilket visade att upplevd användarnytta hade en signifikant positiv påverkan på en individs attityd mot Bitcoin. Vidare visade studien en signifikant positiv koppling mellan den upplevda användarvänligheten och den upplevda nyttan av Bitcoin. Dock fann studien att de testade externa faktorerna samt att tillägget av finansiell risk inte hade någon signifikant påverkan på resultatet. / Bitcoin is a technology that has become increasingly established in Swedish society. Despite the fact that so many people know about the technology, very few actually use it. This study aims to investigate what affects the Swedish people's acceptance of Bitcoin using the theoretical framework TAM, as well as with additions for financial risk and with a focus on the influence of demographic variables (external factors) on acceptance. A quantitative survey was conducted using a web survey, in which a total of 204 respondents participated. The results from the survey were analyzed using the data analysis method PLS-SEM, which showed that perceived usefulness had a significant positive impact on an individual's attitude towards Bitcoin. Furthermore, the study showed a significant positive link between an individual's perceived ease of use and their perceived usefulness of Bitcoin. However, the study found that the tested external factors and that the addition of financial risk had no significant impact on the result.