The International environmental become significant issue for each countries, base on green trend more and more green products launched into market. E-Reader is one of the green product that growing rapidly in recent years due to the internet blooming. There have lot of advantages for people using E-Reader, such as easy to carry and you can own thousand of books content inside the E-Reader, it is amazing convenient for this development. The E-reader in this case study was identified by using electronic paper as the panel material, which is different from the LCD panel screen reader¡]Tablet¡^. So far Taiwan is the biggest OEM/ODM manufacturer area for worldwide E-reader market beause the E-paper source, also Taiwan maker can laverge all manufactuer capabilities coming from electronic and 3C industries and have well integrated supplier resource, that¡¦s why Taiwan maker can control 90% OEM/ODM E-reader manufactureing in the world. The global recession since 2008 has resulted in sharp drop for international business. It is getting more and more difficult for business competition, especially for OEM/ODM model. Although Taiwan E-reader manufacturers still have margin at this moment, but gradually they will face other competitors from China or Kera, on the other hand the threat from Tablet-reader is getting apparent, and the DRM still don¡¦t have well organized by governments, more and more challenges close to E-reader manufacturers. In the case of A company, base on five force model & Resources basic model as it can be aware how A company running his E-reader business under Globalization. The industrial circumstances change rapidly, it is important for Tawian maker to think over how to apply their own resource and make the right business strategy. By reviewing this case of A company, here is some suggestions for Taiwan E-reader industry. 1. Bring up for globalization talents. 2. Global system reinforcement. 3. To have Strong and well finance management. 4. Enchance RD capabilities by using core technology. 5. Process techniques and quality stability. 6. Strengthen the business strategic alliance.

General aviation pilots need different types of flight information in order to follow events and the changes related to the aircraft environment while flying. However, general aviation cockpits have some limitations as space to install flight displays to provide flight information beyond the basics to the pilot. Additionally, more sophisticated instrumentation is often expensive to install and maintain. With the development of the tablet-based software applications (such as ForeFlight, WingX Pro7 or Garmin Pilot applications for iPad), general aviation pilots have started to use them instead of paper documentation. These software applications provide essential flight information such as weather forecast, aviation charts, flight documents, etc. Unfortunately, the expectations for their capabilities are changing with the increased demand and popularity of these software applications. Therefore, these flight planning software applications are compared to find what is missing and what have not met the expectation of pilots. First, how the software applications support their decision-making process was described and demonstrated to choose the appropriate flight parameters to change flight path while handling with the other cockpit responsibilities. Finally, these design requirements were validated via HITL tests in a part-task flight simulator. The results provided that the suggested design requirements are found highly useful for both novice and expert general aviation pilots. Specifically, novice general aviation pilots might be able to get visualization to compare real-time weather and weather forecast, and then they might gain experience to improve their success for a in-flight re-planning. On the other side, expert pilots might prefer to use this system if they fly an airspace which they are not familiar to weather features of that region.

The information technique is developing at a fast pace and almost all new technique is being welcomed with opened arms. The newest on the market is the tablet device, it´s a device used for surfing the web, sending email, watching movies and playing games. It is now also being used in some schools for educational purposes. My research goal has been to find out how the teachers feel about using the tablet device for educational purposes. I have conducted interviews to find the answers to my questions. The main research questions asked were: How do different pedagogues feel about using the tablet device for educational purposes? How do teachers use the tablet device for teaching? What possibilities and obstacles do the teachers face when using the tablet device? My conclusions are that the tablet device in many ways can be seen as a toy, because it is a fun device appreciated by the students. But that does not exclude the fact that it can still be used as a teaching tool, because it can still be educational. Some of the methods were that it is easier to individualize the lessons and let the students work at their own pace and after their special needs. The tablet device creates plenty of situations for the students to interact and learn things from each other. The teachers expressed that they easily can create situations when learning is fun and meaningful for the students, which showed that the students got more engaged during class. The obstacles the teachers found, were that there was limited time to plan how to use the tablet device and also limited financial budget to buy all the programs needed. Currently the device is being used along with other type of equipment. In some schools the students got to use it for most lessons, but in some schools it was only being used once or twice a week. For example the tool was used with the Swedish language to help the students learn how to read and write and also to practice counting, subtraction and multiplication in math.

The purpose with the examination is to examine a preschool head and three teachers experiences and opinions of whether the tablet can be used to support childrens linguistic development and social interactions in preschool. To answer the purpose we will use these questions of issue: What is the purpose with tablets and how are they used in preschool activity? What pros and cons do the teachers see with tablets? How do the teachers resonate about the use of tablets to develop childrens language skill and social interactions? What type of social interaction occurs when children use the tablet? We have used interviews and observations as our methods. We interviewed three teachers and one preschool head in the capital city of Sweden. They all have a positive attitude towards the use of tablets in preschool. The observations was performed on the same preschools where the interviews took place, there were five observations in total. We can establish from the study that the tablet supports cooperation when multiple children actively participate in an activity and when a teacher is present and supportive the language is further promoted. The theories that are processed in the exam are the sociocultural theory and the multimodal perspective for learning. They are relevant and useful to answer the exams purpose and questions at issue. With the out-set that teaching is a communicative act we choose these two theories.

We live in a society where the technology has an enormous role in our lives. The average age of using digital tools among Swedish people is down to a very young age. In the recent period of time there has been much debate about tablets and their use in preschools. The aim of this study is to examine the preschool teachers experiences and perceptions of tablet use and how the implementation of the tablets benefits the school activities. What is central to this research is not how kids use the tablet, but how educators are using the tablet device as supplement for children’s development. A qualitative method is used on this study in form of interviews. Results of the interviews showed that teacher who went on a further education in tablet use was more knowledgeable in tablet use then the teachers who didn’t went.

The master´s thesis project was performed in collaboration with the design and engineering company Eker Design from Fredrikstad in Norway, who is designing and developing flip cover NFC keyboards for smartphones. The new product idea is the full-sized NFC desktop keyboard for public institutions to offer to pupils, students or business people for instance. The thesis project is examining how such a product can be designed and should be designed in order to fit into its market and environment to meet the target group´s interest in order to be successful. With a human-centered design approach the project work was starting by the user and the market. The work consisted of analyzing and emphasizing with the market which mainly included the users, the competitors and the trends within a market analysis and a survey research. From the findings and insights of the research phase a design strategy and a business model for the new keyboard was created and communicated via a design brief. Different ideas and concepts were created, tested and presented via concept sketches along with mock-ups. The final concepts were evaluated via a concept evaluation in relation to the requirements of the business and user value. The final concept was developed and designed via the CAD software SolidWorks and the rendering software Keyshot. The design and development phase was focusing on functionality, usability, materials, surfaces, textures and the mechanical and technical solutions for the design. The result of this thesis project is named TRANSIT and is presenting how a collapsible desktop keyboard which is offering a NFC connection could look like and work to offer to people in public places such as libraries or universities and be as well be suitable for people to use at home. The TRANSIT keyboard is a simple and robust concept of a full-sized tactile keyboard which is offering a NFC connection as well as a Bluetooth connection for devices which do not support NFC yet. The design is aimed for smartphones and tablets and is offering a support which consists of an automated stand and a back plate which angle is adjustable step-less. The design allows to collapse stand, keyboard and back plate into a compact package which makes it easy to store and transport. Furthermore the design is providing a charging option for the smart device via energy harvesting or cable and has therefore internal batteries.   The project is ending with the final presentation of the physical model in scale 1:1. / Detta examensarbete genomfördes i samarbete med design och ingenjörsföretaget Eker design från Fredriksstad i Norge, som designar och utvecklar flipcover NFC tangentbord till smartphones. Den nya produktidén är ett fullstort stationärt NFC tangentbord för offentliga institutioner, tänkt att användas av till exempel elever, studenter eller affärsmänniskor. Detta examensarbete undersöker hur ovan nämnda produkt kan och bör designas för att passa dess målmarknad och möta målgruppens intresse för att bli framgångsrik. Med en Human-centered design approach, började projektet med att utgå från användaren och marknaden. Arbetet bestod i att analysera och empatisera med marknaden som huvudsakligen bestod av användare och konkurrenterna, samt att undersöka trender genom en marknadsundersökning. Med utgångspunkt från de insikter som uppkom genom projektets utforskningsfas, skapades en design strategi och en affärsmodell för det nya tangentbordet i form av en design brief. Olika idéer och koncept skapades, testades och presenterades via koncept skisser och mock-ups. Det slutgiltiga konceptet utvecklades och designades med hjälp av CAD programvaran SolidWorks och renderingsprogrammet Keyshot. Design och utvecklingsfasen fokuserade på funktionalitet, användbarhet, material, ytor, texturer och mekaniska och tekniska lösningar för designen. Den slutgiltiga produkten heter TRANSIT och visar på hur ett hopfällbart stationärt tangentbord som erbjuder en NFC-anslutning skulle kunna se ut och fungera för människor som arbetar på olika platser i det publika rummet, som på bibliotek eller universitet. Men även för privat användning i hem. TRANSIT tangentbordet är ett enkelt och robust koncept av ett fullstort taktilt tangentbord som erbjuder en NFC-koppling såväl som Bluetooth for enheter som ännu inte stöder NFC. Designen, som är riktad mot smartphones och tablets, har ett ställ som består av ett automatiskt stöd och en bakplatta med steglös justering. Designen gör att tangentbordet, stödet och bakplattan går att fälla ihop till ett kompakt paket som är enkelt att transportera och förvara. Dessutom erbjuds möjligheter att ladda smart-enheter via energi-skördning eller kabel då enheten har inbyggda batterier. Projektet avslutades med en slutpresentation av en fysisk modell i skala 1:1.

Undersökningen handlar om en kommuns arbete med implementering av surfplattor i förskoleverksamheten samt pedagogernas upplevelse av den nya tekniken i förskolan. I studien belyses pedagogernas syn på surfplattan som ett pedagogiskt verktyg. I undersökningen användes kvalitativa intervjuer som metod. Valet föll sig naturligt då det är en primär metod för att få fram den information man söker. I resultatet visar det sig att kommunen inte hade någon plan på hur arbetet med surfplattor i förskolan skulle se ut. Det visar sig även att pedagogerna saknar en arbetsplan och kompetens för att använda surfplattan som ett pedagogiskt verktyg. Pedagogerna lyfter tidsbrist som en bidragande faktor till att arbetet inte utvecklas som de önskar. Slutsatserna blir att surfplattan som införskaffades för två år sedan ännu inte har blivit implementerad i den dagliga verksamheten. Enligt min undersökning saknas det både kontinuitet och arbetsplan i arbetet med surfplattan. / The study is an investigating of a municipality’s work with implementations of tablet computer in preschool, and the pedagogues’ experience of the new technique. In the study the pedagogues’ experiences of the tablet computers are illuminated. Quantitative interviews were used to receive the required information, since it is a principal method applicable for this study. The result shows that the municipality did not have any plans for how the work with the tablet computers in preschool was going to proceed. It is also obvious that the pedagogues don’t have the competence nor the work plan to use the tablet computer as a pedagogical tool. The pedagogues are mentioning lack of time as a contributory factor in the matter. The conclusion is that the tablet computer, obtained two years ago, has not been implemented in the daily work. There is a lack in both continuity and work plan when it comes to the tablet computer according to my study.

The purpose of this study was to examine factors that may have influenced the decision to implement tablet technologies within classroom environments. These factors were grouped and limited to three distinct areas: social and political influences, perceived benefits of implementation, and influence of varying types of hardware, software and operating systems. Results indicate that if technology leaders felt external pressures to keep pace with technological advancements of other corporations, they were more likely to report pressures from the other social political factors being studied. Multiple perceived educational benefits were identified including improvement to classroom instruction, increased differentiation of instruction, enhanced collaboration, better communication and positive public responses. Hardware preferences were found to describe the characteristics found in the Apple line of products. Despite the identification of these perceived educational benefits, a majority of those responding felt that tablet devices did not impact student testing achievement. / Department of Educational Leadership

Den kvalitativa studiens syfte var att beskriva och förstå barns kommunikation och interaktion vid användning av iPad. Observationer har skett på tre olika förskolor som aktivt använder iPad i sin verksamhet. Studien har utgått ifrån sociokulturella teorin om att barn lär av varandra i interaktion.   I studiens resultat har det framkommit att barn interagerar när de satt flera barn runt gemensam iPad. Det framkom också att en interaktion sker barn- iPad då barn vid flera tillfällen verbalt kommunicerade med appen. Kommunikationen runt iPaden gick genom det styrande barnet både verbalt och icke verbalt. De icke styrande barnen gav instruktioner till det styrande barnet som de sedan såg på skärmen om det genomfördes. Då verbala instruktioner inte utfördes gjorde barnet en icke verbal handling i form av eget handlande.   I diskussionen jämförde vi studiens resultat med teorier och tidigare forskning. Användandet av iPaden i den pedagogiska verksamheten och en närvarande pedagog är av betydelse för att lärande ska ske. Interaktion och kommunikation uppstod i aktiviteten, men pedagogens roll är att utmana barnen. / The qualitative study was designed to describe and understand the child's communication and interaction when using the iPad. Observations have been made on three different pre-schools that are actively using the iPad in their activity. The study has been based on the socio-cultural theory that children learn from each other in interaction.   The results of the study have revealed that children interact as they sat several children around common iPad. It also emerged that an interaction occurs child - iPad when children on several occasions verbally communicated with the app. The communication around the iPad went by the governing child both verbally and nonverbally. The non-steer kids gave instructions to the governing child, which they saw on the screen if it was implemented. When verbal instructions were not carried out did the child a nonverbal action in the form of own actions.   In the discussion, we compared the results of the study of theories and previous research. The use of the iPad in the educational activities and having a currently teacher are important for learning to happen. Interaction and communication emerged in the activity, but the educator's role is to challenge kids.

This is qualitative study of, four teacher´s views on the use of iPad in teaching and learning. In addition, I will examine the disadvantages and advantages of iPad use as a teaching tool in preschools. My questions are: What is the practical use of tablets in preschools today? Are preschool teachers using the tablet as a teaching tool? If so, how? Is the use of tablets in preschools contributing to children´s social interaction, as well as between children and teachers` social interaction? The purpose of this study was to find out how the four teachers uses the iPad as a teaching tool in the interaction between children in preschool. I have chosen to use Vygotsky’s and John Dewey´s theories. Both mention the importance of social interaction in learning processes. Interaction is a large part in socio-cultural theory, which makes the theory useful. I made qualitative interviews with four preschool teachers. I also made observations. My interviews and observations were made in two different preschools. The results showed that the iPad is a complementary educational tool. The teachers also thought that an iPad is an educational tool that can be used for different activities. The tool is used in social interaction where children expand their social development as they learn to interact, communicate and respect each other. The children communicate while talking about how to use the iPad. All teachers` attitudes were positive when it came to using the tablet in preschool. However, the teachers felt that there may be some drawbacks. Among other things, teachers must introduce the iPad properly. The iPad should be an educational tool, not a toy. Educators should therefore be present when children use the tablets.