Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T12:18:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Danielly Barbosa de Sousa_1.pdf: 1848724 bytes, checksum: ac658a0c91828f711b8ac9f384a7dc17 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-17 / This master research work had as its aims to investigate, apply and analyze a didactical intervention on the teaching of Geometry by using mathematical modeling as a learning environment for taking the group students of the Year 7 difficulties over. The students showed difficulties on the geometrical contents, lack of studying habit and doing work and research in groups. For that, is was elaborated and applied a Didactical Propose evolving interactive activities, having as starting point problem-situations that lead the students to elaborate mathematical modeling to facilitate and to give intuitive support to the processes of teaching and learning Geometry. This research work is presented as a case study, by questionnaire, pre and post-tests, activities and in loco observations, done with students of the Year 7 E of the Municipal Secondary School Irmão Damião, located in the city of Lagoa Seca PB. The students group was composed of twenty two from 12 to 18 years old, as the majority from 13 to 15 years old and most of them leaving in the rural area. The data collection was done in six moments from six categories, including the triangulation technique for verifying the data currency. During the didactical intervention, the students did activities which lead them to construct plan maps and marquises about two classroom (Year 7 E and F) having as theoretical framework the procedure of modeling researched by Biembengut and the explicit of mathematical modeling as learning environment by Barbosa, making possible the intermediation between the new knowledge and the known by the student, according to the Vygotsky socio-constructivist theory. As findings, the research has made explicit the students previous and explored knowledge as well as shown to be the Didactical Propose adequate. / Esta pesquisa de mestrado teve como objetivo investigar, aplicar e analisar uma intervenção didática no ensino da Geometria utilizando a modelagem matemática como ambiente de aprendizagem para superar as dificuldades apresentadas por uma turma do 7º Ano, em relação ao domínio de conteúdos geométricos, falta de hábitos de estudo, da realização de trabalhos e pesquisas em grupos. Para isso, foi elaborada e aplicada uma Proposta Didática envolvendo atividades interativas, tendo como ponto de partida situações-problema que levaram os alunos a elaborarem modelos matemáticos para facilitar e dar suporte intuitivo ao processo de ensino e aprendizagem da Geometria. Esta pesquisa apresenta-se como um estudo de caso, por meio de questionário, pré e pós-testes, atividades e observações in loco, realizado em uma turma do 7º Ano E da Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Irmão Damião, localizada na cidade de Lagoa Seca PB. A turma, composta de vinte e dois alunos, se apresentava na faixa etária de 12 a 18 anos, sendo a maioria entre 13 e 15 anos e grande parte residentes na zona rural. A coleta de dados se deu em seis momentos a partir de seis categorias, incluindo a técnica da triangulação para verificar a coerência dos resultados. Durante a intervenção didática, os alunos realizaram atividades que levaram à construção de plantas baixas e de maquetes referentes a duas salas de aulas (7º Ano E e 7º Ano F) tendo como fundamento teórico os procedimentos de modelação pesquisados por Biembengut e a explicitação de modelagem matemática como ambiente de aprendizagem na visão de Barbosa, possibilitando a intermediação entre o conhecimento novo e o dominado pelo aluno, conforme teoria sócioconstrutivista de Vygotsky. Como resultados, a pesquisa explicitou os conhecimentos prévios e explorados pelos alunos bem como mostrou a adequação da Proposta Didática.

Neste trabalho apresentamos o conceito de desenvolvimento atípico; um texto de referência para o ensino de funções voltado para o 9ª ano, dois modelos didáticos de avaliação formativa, levando em consideração a diversidade do educando e uma palestra motivacional e instrutiva sobre educação inclusiva. Atualmente o ensino da Matemática está voltado para uma apresentação estritamente formal, sem levar em consideração o desenvolvimento do aluno no processo de ensino aprendizagem, quantizando o aprendizado segundo padrões. Nosso objetivo é promover uma aprendizagem significativa pelo aluno, abandonando o uso de fórmulas decoradas, prezando o raciocínio lógico e analisar se o uso de estratégias diferenciadas como: jogos, listas personalizadas, laboratório de matemática são capazes de motivar o aluno, em especial os casos de desenvolvimento atípico, a desejar ser parte da turma e trabalhar em função do seu progresso. / In this work we present the concept of atypical development; a reference text for teaching towards facing the 9th grade, two educational models of formative assessment, taking into consideration the student\'s diversity and motivational and instructive lecture on inclusive education. Currently teaching mathematics is aimed at a strict presentation, regardless of the student\'s development in the teaching and learning process, quantizing the standard learning. Our goal is to promote meaningful learning by the student, abandoning the use of decorated formulas, valuing logical reasoning and examine whether the use of different strategies as games, custom lists, math lab are able to motivate the student with special cases of atypical development, to wish to be part of the class and work according to their progress.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-20T13:57:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DILSON FERREIRA RIBEIRO_Dissertacao.pdf: 670528 bytes, checksum: 55c05211617fbc63ba6c42fc5ab93d11 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-18 / This thesis aims to develop a study that allows understanding why some math teachers are tough on the possibilities of changes that occur in their area of expertise. Changes that establish a relation between innovation and teaching methodology, through the possibility of diversifying its evaluation instruments. It's made a study of factors considered responsible for teachers' attitudes, contrary to innovation in teaching mathematics as their working conditions or their experience of the classroom throughout his career, beginning even in their basic training. For this, we made an approach relating the strength and innovation, Teaching Traditional and Innovative Education, through the study of Organizations National Curriculum of Secondary Education, from the changes proposed by the state government of Rio Grande do Sul in relation to basic education. The field research was empirically chosen the College Municipal Pelotense, place of work of the author, with the participation of seven mathematics teachers of high school. Respondents discussed the possibilities of change in mathematics education from meetings that provided activities. These meetings were offered in the second half of 2012 with its height at the beginning of the school year of 2013 with the implementation of a teaching methodology different from that used by teachers and stood as the final product of this dissertation. Amid the conclusions is possible to highlight some factors that lead to resistance changes in the teaching of mathematics, among them there are the working conditions and educational policies , factors responsible for some teachers they dislike what can be called innovation in the classroom class . When it comes to innovation , the possibility exists since it is provided , and an infrastructure capable of offering the teacher a good working environment with the provision of resources and physical space , moments of discussions about their practice and appreciation or acknowledgment of their ability creative . / Esta dissertação tem por objetivo desenvolver um estudo que permita entender por que alguns professores de Matemática são resistentes diante das possibilidades de mudanças que ocorrem em sua área de conhecimento, mudanças que estabelecem relação entre inovação e metodologia de ensino, passando pela possibilidade de diversificação de seus instrumentos de avaliação. É feito um estudo sobre fatores considerados responsáveis por atitudes dos professores, contrárias à inovação no ensino de Matemática, como suas condições de trabalho ou sua vivência de sala de aula ao longo de sua carreira, tendo início inclusive na sua formação básica. Para isso, é feita uma abordagem relacionando a resistência e a inovação, o Ensino Tradicional e o Ensino Inovador, passando pelo estudo das Organizações Curriculares Nacionais do Ensino Médio a partir das modificações propostas pelo governo do estado do Rio Grande do Sul em relação à Educação Básica. O campo de pesquisa empírico escolhido foi o Colégio Municipal Pelotense, local de atuação do autor, contando com a participação de sete professores de Matemática do Ensino Médio. Os entrevistados discutiram as possibilidades de mudanças no ensino da Matemática a partir de encontros que proporcionaram atividades. Esses encontros foram oferecidos no segundo semestre de 2012, tendo sua culminância no início do ano letivo de 2013 com a aplicação de uma metodologia de ensino diferente daquela utilizada pelos professores e que se destacou como produto final desta dissertação. Em meio às conclusões é possível destacar alguns fatores que levam à resistência às mudanças no ensino da Matemática, dentre eles destacam-se as condições de trabalho e as políticas educacionais, fatores responsáveis por alguns professores terem aversão àquilo que pode ser chamado de inovação em sala de aula. Em se tratando de inovação, a possibilidade existe desde que seja proporcionada, além de uma infraestrutura capaz de oferecer ao professor um bom ambiente de trabalho com a disponibilização de recursos e espaço físico, momentos de discussão sobre suas práticas e valorização ou reconhecimento de sua capacidade criativa.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur digitala verktyg används i den undervisning av elever i matematiksvårigheter som forskningen studerat, samt vilka effekter denna undervisning har på elevernas matematiska utveckling och lärande. Metoden för detta arbete är en systematisk litteraturstudie, där 30 forskningsstudier inom området kartläggs och analyseras. Forskningsfältet analyseras översiktligt, följt av en fördjupad analys. Resultatet av litteraturstudien tyder på en stor variation kring de digitala verktygens användningsområden. Av studien framgår att digitala verktyg används för att låta elever följa instruktioner och lösa matematiska uppgifter, att undervisa med virtuellt laborativt material, för anpassningar och som hjälpmedel, för att kommunicera och ge återkoppling, för en spelbaserad undervisning samt för mängdträning och repetition i matematik. Resultatet tyder överlag på positiva effekter av en undervisning med digitala verktyg på elever i matematiksvårigheter gällande lärande och utveckling i matematik. Resultatet tyder även på att den undervisning som framgår av forskningsstudierna till övervägande del går ut på att eleven interagerar med det digitala verktyget på egen hand. Detta resultat diskuteras utifrån ett sociokulturellt perspektiv på kunskap och lärande. Implikationer för vidare forskning och konsekvenser för undervisning diskuteras. / The purpose of this study is to investigate how digital tools are used in the teaching of students in mathematical diffuculties that research has studied, and the effects of this teaching on the students’ mathematical development and learning. The method for this study is a systematic review, where 30 research studies are charted and analyzed. The field of research is surveyed, followed by a profound analysis. The results of the study indicates that there is a great variety in the use of digital tools. The study shows that digital tools are used by letting students follow instructions and solve mathematical problems, for teaching with virtual manipulatives, as accommodations and support tools, for communication and feedback, for game-based learning and for increasing the amount of mathematical practice and repetition. The overall results indicate positive effects of teching with digital tools on mathematical learning and development of students in mathematical difficulties. The results also indicate that the teaching methods in the research studies are mainly based on letting the students interact with the digital tools on their own. This result is discussed based on a sociocultural perspective on knowledge and learning. Implications for further research and practice are discussed.

The covid-19 and the restrictions imposed by the lockdown affected educational institutions across the world and forced them to adopt a new way of teaching called emergency remoteteaching and learning.This master thesis focuses on challenges to teach mathematics remotely experienced bysecondary school teachers during this period. The data collection was conducted through semistructured interviews among secondary school mathematics teachers, active in the Covid-19lockdown. The collected data is analyzed and discussed from the theory of connectivismperspective and research findings are produced and structured based on the themes resultedfrom the literature review. The findings show that mathematics teachers encountered many challenges with the process of teaching especially due to the rapid transfer from traditionalclassroom teaching to online classes. Teachers’ knowledge and skills in using Information Communication Technology (ICT) tools are identified as main factors for a successful andeffective tuition in remote mathematics. The respondents see the opportunities in using ICT intheir teaching processes both from their perspective but also from the student perspective. The conclusions of this master thesis research show that use of ICT tools and platforms in teachingmathematics remotely is effective as extra tools and not as a complete and permanent substitutefor traditional classes. As a suggestion, remote teaching may be seen as a valuable alternativeif the actual pedagogical strategies are adapted, and ICT courses are introduced in the teacher’seducation. Yet, there are not enough studies to support this idea and the findings in this studyand more research could help to get a better understanding. The thesis offers suggestions forfurther research regarding remote mathematics teaching both from the challenges point of view but also in regard to the advantages remote teaching may imply.

In this study, I examined the topic of teaching for visual literacy by mathematics teachers in Tanzanian secondary schools. One of the goals of teaching mathematics in these schools is for learners to acquire mathematical knowledge and skills, which will be useful in their daily lives and future careers. Several studies have shown that visual literacy enables learners to acquire knowledge and skills that are also useful in their lives and future careers. It is a well-known fact that mathematics plays an important role in human endeavours, and life in general. On the one hand, research persistently reports that mathematical concepts are too abstract and complex for learners, which makes it difficult for teachers to teach these concepts effectively. On the other hand, the literature suggests that teaching mathematics for visual literacy could assist learners in understanding mathematical concepts easily, and developing visual literacy skills. Learners could better understand the mathematical concepts being taught and acquire visual literacy skills through the use of both teacher-centred and learner-centred teaching styles and various teaching strategies, including traditional teaching; group work, in particular cooperative learning; discovery; problem-based learning; multimedia instruction; as well as providing an opportunity for learners to interpret visual information and use visual media. Using a case study of three mathematics teachers from three schools, this study examined how Tanzanian secondary school mathematics teachers taught for visual literacy in Form 2 classrooms. The data was collected using classroom observations and interviews. The findings from the collected data have suggested that Tanzanian mathematics teachers do not meet the requirements for teaching mathematics for visual literacy due to various factors, such as the length of the syllabus, lack of pedagogical content knowledge, insufficient technology and dynamic media in schools, teachers' beliefs, National Examinations rules and regulations, and overcrowded classrooms. Recommendations for further studies based on this study have also been made. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2016. / Science, Mathematics and Technology Education / MEd / Unrestricted

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Syftet med denna studie är att få mer kunskap om vilka egenskaper lärare anser att en blockprogrammeringsmiljö bör ha för att elever ska utveckla sina generella matematiska kunskaper. I denna studie har vi först gjort en induktiv tematisk analys för att hitta teman och sedan en deduktiv analys med hjälp av TPACK och konstruktivism. Studiens data har samlats via semistrukturerade kvalitativa intervjuer över Zoom och Microsoft Teams. Resultatet baseras på sju intervjuer med behöriga lärare som undervisar i grundskolans årskurs fyra till sex i Sverige. Resultaten visade att lärare använder blockprogrammeringsmiljöer i sin undervisning för att eleverna ska konstruera ny kunskap utifrån redan befintlig kunskap, antingen via tidigare matematiska kunskaper eller tidigare programmeringskunskaper. Blockprogrammeringsmiljöer behöver vara visuellt motiverande för eleverna och gärna ha en tydlig koppling till verkligheten. Dessutom vill flera lärare se att blockprogrammeringsmiljön erbjuder elever möjligheten att arbeta kreativt med variabler och algoritmer. Blockprogrammeringsmiljöer kan utveckla elevers generella matematiska kunskaper genom att beröra innehåll som relaterar till traditionell matematik. / The purpose of this study is to acquire more knowledge of what characteristics teachers find necessary for block programming environments so that students can develop general mathematical knowledge. We used an inductive thematic analysis in this study to find themes followed by a deductive analysis with the help of TPACK and constructivism. The data of the study has been gathered by semi-structured qualitative interviews over Zoom and Microsoft Teams. The findings are based on seven interviews with licenced teachers that teach in primary school year four till six in Sweden. The findings show that teachers use block programming environments in their education so that students can construct new knowledge out of prior knowledge, either by using prior mathematical knowledge or prior knowledge of programming. Block programming environments need to be visually pleasing for pupils and have a clear connection to reality as well. In addition, more teachers are demanding that block programming environments offer the students the possibility to work creatively with variables and algorithms. Block programming environments have the possibility of developing students’ general mathematical knowledge by touching on content that relate to traditional mathematics.

Denna studie beskriver hur en kommunal grundskola i sydvästra Indien undervisar matematik.Vår frågeställning var: Hur fungerar en indisk statlig grundskola arbetar med matematik? Vilka är lärarnas uppfattningar om skolans sätt att undervisa? För att ha möjlighet att fördjupa oss i frågorna undersökte vi även Hur lärarnas föreställningar om matematik påverkar normerna i klassrummet utifrån ramen av Yack och Cobbs normteori. Det är en kvalitativ studie där vi utförde observationer av undervisningen och intervjuer med lärare och rektorn på skolan om deras syn på matematikundervisningen, under tre veckor. Vi samlade också information om och dokumenterade deras matematikverkstad.Utifrån våra intervjuer och observationer kunde vi dra slutsatsen att samtliga på skolan arbetade med en aktivitetsbaserad undervisning där matematik lärs med hjälp av manipulativt, laborativt material. De arbetade tillsammans i ett arbetslag med en strävan att uppfylla läroplanens mål och med en gemensam arbetsmetod. Vi fann också att lärarnas värderingar och föreställningar om hur matematik ska läras ut, påverkar de normer som verkar i klassrummet.Denna studie kan inte generaliserbar eftersom detta är en fallstudie på denna skola. Dock förespråkar den indiska läroplanen att undervisningen ska ske utifrån elevnära aktiviteter, men matematikverkstaden på denna skola var speciell och utvecklad på denna skola. / For our study, we visited a Government Lower Primary School in India to inquiry about how a school in another schooling context teaches mathematics. Our research questions were: How does an Indian Government Lower Primary School work with mathematics? What are the teachers' perceptions of the school’s teaching approach? In addition to these questions and to inquire deeper into this subject, we also investigated How do the teachers’ perceptions and method of teaching connect to Yackel and Cobb’s framework of the different kinds of norms operating in the classroom?We did a qualitative study, staying at the school for three weeks to interview teachers about their method of teaching mathematics as well as observing how they were teaching mathematics and the norms that operated in the classroom. We also gathered information about their mathematics laboratory. During our interviews and observations we came to the conclusion that the school worked with activity-based learning by using manipulative materials. All teachers as well as the principal cooperatively strived to meet the curricula objectives, with the same teaching approach. We also found that the teachers’ values and beliefs about how mathematics should be taught, affect the norms operating in the classroom.This study cannot be generalised for all schools in India or even in this area. This study is a minor study which only considered one particular school which used an interesting teaching method, activity-based learning with manipulatives.

In this thesis, mathematics educators are conceptualized as individuals with multiple, simultaneous figured worlds that inform their decisions while planning. The study explores how two mathematics educators negotiated and orchestrated their figured worlds to plan two mathematics lessons for social justice. The results highlight how numerous the figured worlds each participant surfaced through background interviews. Some of the figured worlds were elicited by the interview questions (i.e., Race, Family, Social Justice Teaching) but other figured worlds organically surfaced through the interviews (i.e., Sexuality, Community, Activism, Critical Information Consumption). A discursive analysis of a selection of these figured worlds revealed conceptualizations that were unique and similar between the two participants' figured worlds. Only some of these figured worlds were orchestrated in the planning of two social justice lessons. First, the figured world of Mathematics Teaching was demonstrated to be in apparent tension with the figured world of Social Justice teaching but were orchestrated by the participants to be valued together through adaptation of the lesson to include both mathematical and social justice goals. Second, the figured worlds of Quantitative Reasoning and Social Justice Teaching were negotiated, with one participant valuing student reasoning with quantities over students reasoning with the injustice evident in the tasks. Third, personal figured worlds (Race, Gender, Church, etc.) limited the participants from fully anticipating the possible reactions of students during the lesson. The results of this study can inform teacher educator practice of the complexity of teacher identity work, particularly to engage in teaching math for social justice.