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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
101

Hist?rias de Professores de Artes Visuais: um rememorar de pr?ticas pedag?gicas e um olhar para a forma??o docente / Professors of Visual Arts stories: a recall of teaching practices and a look at the professor education

Crivari, Ana Maria da Silva Bittar 09 December 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:33:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Maria da Silva Bittar Crivari.pdf: 791094 bytes, checksum: e362774da8b41706cea7e5fbdef28215 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-09 / This research was based on Visual Arts professor s stories, proposing a rethinking teaching practices and professor education in this field. The teaching of art goes through major conceptual and methodological change, and has led to reflections and curriculum changes that require adjustments in teaching practice and professor education. We focus, in order to delineate the processes by which comes through art education and emancipation in the knowledge area constitut as a discipline, as well as the changing process in the legislation Brazilian education itself of Brazilian education. We seek to relive and recall teaching practices and the facilitation and specific students pedagogic education, developed in the classroom a School of Visual Arts professors who value the role of arts in education. We discuss the process of comprehensive and substantial art education and interlacing with the education future professors Arts. Through the Oral History methodology rescued the life history, the three Visual Arts professors experiences. The methodological procedures were semi-structured interviews with visual arts professors of a course in and promote a review of literature on art education and his plans.We emphasized during interviews, teaching practice, so we recall the experiences and lived meanings, which of course were used to review the present and prepare for the future. We believe in the contribution of these experiences, to train professors, showing how art can be revisited, taught and relearned. We understand that teaching process and learning art, mediated by professors' action seems to highlight the students relationship importance with the object of knowledge that we teach, creating the opportunity for this to be seized. / Esta pesquisa baseou-se em hist?rias de professores de Artes Visuais, propondo um repensar sobre as pr?ticas pedag?gicas e forma??o de professores desta ?rea de conhecimento. O ensino da Arte passa por grande mudan?a conceitual e metodol?gica, e vem provocando reflex?es e altera??es curriculares que demandam adequa??es na pr?tica docente e na forma??o de professores. Enfocamos visando a delinear os processos pelos quais vem passando o ensino da arte e sua emancipa??o na constitui??o desta ?rea de conhecimento como disciplina, bem como o processo de mudan?a na pr?pria legisla??o da educa??o brasileira. Buscamos rememorar as pr?ticas pedag?gicas e os elementos facilitadores na forma??o pedag?gica e espec?fica dos alunos, desenvolvidas, na sala de aula dos professores de um Curso de Artes Visuais e que valorizam o papel da arte na educa??o. Refletimos sobre o processo abrangente e substancial do ensino da arte e o entrela?amento com a forma??o do futuro professor de Arte. Por meio da metodologia da Hist?ria Oral resgatamos a hist?ria de vida e as experi?ncias de tr?s docentes de Arte Visuais. Os procedimentos metodol?gicos foram entrevistas semi-estruturadas com docentes de um Curso de Artes Visuais, al?m de uma revis?o bibliogr?fica sobre arte-educa??o e seus des?gnios. Enfatizamos no decorrer das entrevistas, as pr?ticas pedag?gicas, de modo a nos remetermos a experi?ncias e significados vividos, que naturalmente foram usados para rever o presente e preparar o futuro. Acreditamos na contribui??o destas experi?ncias, para a forma??o de professores, demonstrando como a Arte pode ser revisitada, ensinada e reaprendida. Entendemos que o processo de ensinar e aprender Arte, mediado pela a??o docente, parece evidenciar a import?ncia da rela??o do aluno com o objeto de conhecimento que queremos ensinar, criando a oportunidade de que este seja apreendido.
102

\"Faz sentido?\" - práticas docentes no ensino médio na disciplina sociologia: um estudo na rede pública do estado de São Paulo / \" Make Sense? \" - teaching practices in high school in sociology discipline: a study on the public network of São Paulo

Leite, Maria Cristina Stello 10 October 2014 (has links)
A Sociologia, a partir do seu retorno à educação básica como disciplina escolar obrigatória, no ano de 2009 no estado de São Paulo, tornou-se palco de discussões que refletiam sobre seus objetivos, currículo, material didático, condições de trabalho e formação docente. Sua trajetória histórica intermitente pelo currículo trouxe implicações para as pesquisas voltadas a esta temática que, mesmo existindo em número considerável, constituem ainda escassas referências para aqueles e aquelas que se aventuram no ensino de Sociologia. Nesta pesquisa, que tem por objeto de estudo as práticas docentes de um professor e uma professora de Sociologia da rede pública de ensino do estado de São Paulo, compreende-se a escola e seus agentes como produtores de cultura e, por isso, analisa-se aquilo que professores/as de Sociologia realizam na sala de aula. Acredita-se que estas análises realizadas sobre práticas observadas em uma mesma escola dizem respeito a condições e questões que perpassam o nível individual e ao mesmo tempo contribuem para discussões relacionadas tanto ao que é específico da rede estadual paulista quanto ao que está se configurando como próprio da Sociologia no formato de disciplina escolar. / Sociology, from its return to basic education as a mandatory subject in the State of São Paulo, in 2009, has become object of discussions regarding its objectives, curriculum, teaching resources, work environment and teacher formation. Its intermittent historical trajectory in the curriculum has brought about some implications to the research in the area, which, even though existing to a considerable extent, still yields scarce references to those who venture teaching Sociology. The present research, based upon the teaching practice of two São Paulo public-school Sociology teachers, a man and a woman, understands the school and its agents as culture producers and, therefore, analyses what Sociology teachers actually do in the classroom. We believe the analysis performed about practices observed in a single school regard conditions and questions which pervade the individual level, yet contribute to discussions related both to specificities of São Paulos public school and to what has been coming forth as belonging to Sociology as school subject.
103

Aprendizagem com mobilidade na perspectiva dialógica: reflexões e possibilidades para práticas pedagógicas

Graziola Júnior, Paulo Gaspar 24 March 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-04T20:05:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 24 / Nenhuma / Estamos vivendo um momento de profundas transformações na sociedade, a partir do uso das Tecnologias Digitais (TDs) nos mais variados domínios que envolvem o nosso cotidiano. No âmbito da Educação, teorias tradicionais de ensino e de aprendizagem se tornam insuficientes para nos ajudar a compreender como os sujeitos se desenvolvem num mundo altamente tecnologizado, o que provoca o surgimento de novas teorias e metodologias que contemplam o ensino e a aprendizagem com o uso de diferentes meios tecnológicos digitais, a fim de promover o desenvolvimento humano. Aliado a isso, a crescente necessidade de mobilidade de pessoas, de acesso e troca de informações em qualquer tempo e espaço, de compartilhamento de idéias, de experiências e de conhecimento, além da necessidade de ampliar os tradicionais espaços formais de educação, oportunizam o emprego da emergente aprendizagem com mobilidade (m-learning), apoiada pelo uso de Tecnologias Móveis Sem Fio (TMSF), tais como Personal Digital Assistant (PDAs), palmtops, smar / We are living a moment of profound transformations in society, from the use of digital technologies on the most varied domains that involve our everyday life. Concerning Education, traditional teaching and learning theories are insufficient to help us understand how subjects are developed in a highly technological world, and it favors the appearing of new theories and methodologies that provide teaching and learning with the use of different digital technological means to promote human development. With this, there is an increasing need of people’s mobility, of access and information exchange in any time and space, of ideas, experiences and knowledge sharing besides the necessity to amplify the traditional spaces of formal education, favor the use of the emergent mobile learning (m-learning), supported by the use of wireless mobile technologies (WMTs), such as Personal Digital Assistant (PDAs), palmtops, smart phones, cell phones, among others. It is in this context that a appears the problem that was the sta
104

Prática docente no ensino superior: as possibilidades do vídeo como recurso didático-pedagógico. / Teaching practice in higher education: the possibilities of video as didactic-pedagogical resource.

Rubia, Marcos de Almeida 23 August 2018 (has links)
Submitted by Rosina Valeria Lanzellotti Mattiussi Teixeira (rosina.teixeira@unisantos.br) on 2018-10-08T14:51:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcos de Almeida Rubia.pdf: 1356519 bytes, checksum: e0477a132f37135001b5ac97b8be95a4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-08T14:51:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcos de Almeida Rubia.pdf: 1356519 bytes, checksum: e0477a132f37135001b5ac97b8be95a4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-23 / Universidade Católica de Santos - Católica de Santos / Na sociedade contemporânea as atividades em sala de aula têm sido revistas na perspectiva de integrar as novas tecnologias com atividades reflexivas e mais participativas. Esta investigação parte do pressuposto de que o vídeo pode ser utilizado como material didático nas aulas do ensino superior, produzindo uma aprendizagem dinâmica e mobilizadora. Para tanto, toma-se para discussão a seguinte questão de pesquisa: como o professor percebe o uso do vídeo como recurso didático-pedagógico nas práticas docentes no ensino superior, em específico nas licenciaturas? Trata-se de uma investigação qualitativa que considera pesquisas já realizadas, e também a análise de um questionário aplicado em docentes de licenciatura com o objetivo de compreender a percepção do professor quanto ao uso do vídeo como recurso didático-pedagógico nas práticas docentes no ensino superior. Como fundamentação teórica serão utilizados os estudos de Freire, Machado, Moran, Kenski e Levy e para fundamentação da questão didático-pedagógica serão utilizados os estudos de Franco, Pimenta, Sacristán e Libâneo. Os dados indicaram que a utilização pedagógica do vídeo pode produzir inovações na prática docente e têm indicado que as atividades de diálogo e reflexão coletiva são fundamentais para tornar o vídeo um instrumento didático-pedagógico, com rebatimentos favoráveis à aprendizagem dos alunos. O objetivo foi o de compreender a percepção dos professores sobre a utilização do vídeo como recurso didático-pedagógico, em aulas nos cursos de licenciatura. Foi realizada uma revisão da literatura, na perspectiva de Alda Judith Alves-Mazzotti, em que ficou evidenciado que, para o vídeo funcionar como um recurso didático, há a necessidade de que sejam considerados os aspectos voltados à adequada formação dos profissionais, condições institucionais que valorizem o professor e organização didática do conteúdo abrindo espaços para o diálogo construtivo entre o material e os aprendizes. / In contemporary society the activities in the classroom have been revised in order to integrate the new technologies with reflexive and more participative activities. This research is based on the assumption that video can be used as didactic material in higher education classes, producing a dynamic and mobilizing learning. In order to do this, the following research question is taken: how does the teacher perceive the use of video as a didactic-pedagogical resource in teaching practices in higher education, specifically in undergraduate programs? This is a qualitative research that considers research already carried out, as well as the analysis of a questionnaire applied to undergraduate teachers in order to understand the teacher's perception of the use of video as a didactic-pedagogical resource in teaching practices in higher education . As a theoretical basis, the studies of Freire, Machado, Moran, Kenski and Levy will be used and the studies of Franco, Pimenta, Sacristán and Libâneo will be used to substantiate the didactic-pedagogical question. The research already analyzed has indicated that the pedagogical use of video can produce innovations in teaching practice and have indicated that the activities of collective dialogue and reflection are fundamental to make the video a didactic-pedagogical instrument, with favorable reflections to students' learning. The objective is to understand teachers' perception about the use of video as a didactic-pedagogical resource in classes in undergraduate courses. A review of the literature was made, from the perspective of Alda Judith Alves-Mazzotti, in which it was evidenced that for the video to function as a didactic resource, there is a need to consider aspects related to the adequate training of professionals, institutional conditions that value the teacher and didactic organization of the content opening spaces for the constructive dialogue between the material and the apprentices.
105

Práticas avaliativas desenvolvidas por professores de matemática: novos desafios frente aos resultados da avaliação externa na rede de ensino SESI/SP

Santos, Solange Maria dos 10 November 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:57:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Solange Maria dos Santos.pdf: 4009584 bytes, checksum: f83d7548da9aeaf72de140903b250f37 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-11-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The Social Service of Industry São Paulo - SESI/SP, as a teaching institution to improve the educational quality of its students in elementary and secondary school, has offered its students applied external evaluations since 1999. Because of the results, it intends to install an educational policy that provides the final result of quality education for all students to allow their adherence to higher education and the labor market. External evaluations experienced in curricular component of mathematics revealed that the results presented so far are very significant for the network. The advances obtained so far have shown weaknesses in the teaching and learning. This study was intended to verify the influences that external evaluations have produced in the practices of classrooms, as well as establishing relationships with internal assessments applied by teachers. To this end, we carried out an investigation with a qualitative survey of work done on this theme, plus interviews with teachers from SESI / SP, whose schools showed improvements in mean component math skills in the past experienced external evaluations. It was found that external evaluations are changing as the school routine practices of teachers in the evaluation process, and are serving as a reference to a targeting component of the curriculum in mathematics. It seems to have over the years, a school evaluation practice that aims results at the expense of formative assessment in the context of knowledge. Moreover, external evaluations conducted in the network SESI / SP have influenced the evaluation practice of experienced teachers in the classrooms with the use of various instruments, which are applied intensified in the period preceding the evaluations. It is concluded that the external evaluation must be well understood, analyzed and researched to direct the work of the teacher and not to press, especially the teacher who is directly connected to the students evaluated / O Serviço Social da Indústria São Paulo - SESI/SP, como instituição de ensino visando melhorar a qualidade educacional de seus estudantes no ensino fundamental, propõe aos seus alunos avaliações externas aplicadas desde 1999. Almeja, a partir dos resultados, instalar uma política educacional que proporcione, como resultado final, um ensino de qualidade para todos os educandos, de forma a permitir sua adesão ao ensino superior, bem como ao mercado de trabalho. Das avaliações externas vivenciadas no componente curricular de matemática, verificou-se que os resultados apresentados até o momento são pouco significativos para a rede. Os avanços adquiridos até o momento demonstraram fragilidades no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Esse estudo teve a intenção de verificar as influências que as avaliações externas têm produzido nas práticas das salas de aulas, bem como relações que estabelecem com as avaliações internas aplicadas pelos professores. Para tanto, realizou-se uma investigação de cunho qualitativo com levantamentos de trabalhos desenvolvidos nesse tema, além de entrevistas realizadas com professores da rede SESI/SP, cujas escolas apresentaram avanços na média de habilidades no componente de matemática nas últimas avaliações externas vivenciadas. Constatou-se que as avaliações externas estão mudando a rotina escolar, quanto a práticas dos professores no processo avaliativo, além de estarem servindo de referência para um direcionamento do currículo no componente de matemática. Parece ter, ao longo dos anos, uma prática avaliativa escolar que visa resultados, em detrimento de uma avaliação formativa no âmbito dos conhecimentos. Além disso, as avaliações externas realizadas na rede SESI/SP têm influenciado as práticas avaliativas dos professores vividas nas salas, com o uso de diversos instrumentos os quais são aplicados de forma intensificada no período que antecede às avaliações. Conclui-se que a avaliação externa precisa ser bem compreendida, analisada e pesquisada para direcionar o trabalho do professor, e não para pressionar, principalmente, o professor que está diretamente ligado aos alunos avaliados
106

Ensino da Matemática: práticas pedagógicas para a educação inclusiva / Teaching Mathematics: pedagogical practices for inclusive education

Morgado, Adriana Santos 04 June 2013 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:57:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriana Santos Morgado.pdf: 4861076 bytes, checksum: b28e138a41b70c4b96624bac5ed378be (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-04 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research is a product of the Project Challenges to Inclusive Education: teacher training in thinking about the processes of the field of mathematics in the early grades of Basic Education approved the program of the Centre of Education CAPES / INEP, 2010 announcement. This study investigates through pedagogical practices used in teaching mathematics to students with disabilities the early years of basic education in the public schools of the State of São Paulo. For this, participants were four teachers who teach at the elementary school and the regular school that had students with disabilities placed in their classrooms. Meetings were held for reflection and discussion, in which activities are designed to teach mathematics to students with disabilities. These activities were conducted in the form of workshops for all interested teachers from schools where teachers taught. The works by Nóvoa (2009) were used as theoretical benchmark to discuss teacher training focused on school. Participatory observations and interviews conducted after the development of workshops were used as instruments of data collection. As analysis of the results were presented two activities developed by the training group, explaining the necessary adaptations for students with disabilities. Moreover, narratives were prepared for two teachers, in order to highlight the needs for teacher training. This research shows that the teachers realized enrich their pedagogical practices in the teaching of mathematics and also that it is possible to make the disabled student participant of Mathematics classes, developing activities with adaptations to suit their inclusion / Esta pesquisa é um dos produtos do Projeto Desafios para a Educação Inclusiva: pensando na formação de professores sobre os processos de domínio da Matemática nas séries iniciais da Educação Básica, aprovado no Programa Observatório da Educação da CAPES/INEP, edital 2010. Este trabalho buscou investigar práticas pedagógicas utilizadas no ensino da Matemática aos alunos com deficiência dos anos iniciais da educação básica, em escolas públicas do Estado de São Paulo. Participaram da pesquisa quatro professoras que lecionam no Ensino Fundamental I da rede regular de ensino e que possuíam alunos com deficiência inseridos em suas salas de aula. Foram realizados encontros para reflexão e discussão, em que foram criadas atividades para ensinar Matemática para alunos com deficiência. Estas atividades foram desenvolvidas em forma de oficinas para todos os professores interessados das escolas em que as docentes lecionavam. Utilizamos como referencial teórico os trabalhos de Nóvoa (2009), para discutir a formação de professores centrada na escola. Foram adotados como instrumentos de coleta de dados observações participativas e entrevistas realizadas após o desenvolvimento das oficinas. Como análise dos resultados, foram apresentadas duas atividades elaboradas pelo grupo de formação, explicitando as adaptações necessárias aos alunos com deficiência. Além disso, foram elaboradas narrativas para duas professoras, a fim de evidenciar as necessidades para a formação de professores. Como resultado, este trabalho aponta que as professoras perceberam o enriquecimento de suas práticas pedagógicas no ensino da Matemática e também que é possível tornar o aluno com deficiência participante das aulas de Matemática, desenvolvendo atividades com adaptações para atender sua inclusão
107

Etude de l'articulation des démarches d'investigation scientifique avec les autres savoirs composant la structure disciplinaire : cas d'enseignants de sciences de la vie et de la Terre exerçant en collège français / Study of the articulation of scientific inquiry with the other knowledge components of the disciplinary structure

Perron, Séverine 21 November 2018 (has links)
Les démarches scientifiques sont présentes à la fois dans les textes institutionnels et dans la documentation scientifique. Dans cette recherche, nous étudions comment des enseignants français articulent les démarches d’investigation scientifique (DIS) avec les autres savoirs en sciences de la vie et de la Terre (SVT). Notre travail repose sur trois construits : les démarches d’investigation scientifique, les savoirs disciplinaires et les pratiques d’enseignement. La méthodologie s’appuie sur une recherche mixte de type séquentiel explicatif et de nature descriptive. Trois types d’instrumentation sont mis en œuvre pour recueillir les données : un questionnaire, des entrevues semi-dirigées et des observations de séances de classe. Les données issues des questions fermées du questionnaire sont analysées suivant une approche statistique à l’aide du logiciel SPSS®. Les données provenant des entrevues et des observations sont analysées selon une approche thématique en utilisant une grille construite a priori. Et enfin, les données issues des questions ouvertes du questionnaire sont analysées suivant une double approche lexicale et thématique. Nous identifions à travers ce travail de recherche une disparition des savoirs conceptuels lors de mises en oeuvre de DIS en classe. Les enseignants ne souhaitent pas nécessairement que leurs élèves acquièrent ou mobilisent des savoirs conceptuels. Les habiletés ou les attitudes souvent en lien avec les DIS sont priorisées. Finalement, certains enseignants pourraient, par manque de connaissances épistémologiques en lien avec la construction des savoirs en SVT, ignorer que l’objectif des DIS est la reconstruction de savoirs conceptuels et, à ce titre, considérer les DIS comme une façon de raisonner, comme des habiletés, voire même des habiletés pluridisciplinaires (anglais, français, etc.). / Scientific inquiry are present both in institutional texts and in scientific literature. In this research, we study how French teachers articulate the processes of scientific inquiry (DIS) with other knowledge in the sciences of life and the Earth (SVT). Our work is based on three constructs: investigation procedures, disciplinary knowledge and teaching practices. The methodology is based on a mixed research of explanatory sequential type and descriptive nature. Three types of instrumentation are used to collect the data: a questionnaire, semi-directed interviews and observations of class sessions. Data from closed and open questionnaire questions are analyzed using a lexical approach using SPSS® and IRaMuTeQ® software.Data from interviews and observations are analyzed using a thematic approach using a grid constructed a priori. We identify through this research work a disappearance of conceptual knowledge during implementation of DIS in the classroom. Teachers do not necessarily want their students to acquire or mobilize conceptual knowledge. The skills or attitudes often associated with DIS are prioritized. Finally, some teachers may, for lack of epistemological knowledge related to the construction of knowledge in SVT, ignore that the objective of the DIS would be the reconstruction of conceptual knowledge and as such consider the DIS as a way of reasoning, such as skills or even multidisciplinary skills (English, French, etc.)
108

Practices from lecturers' and undergraduate students' perspectives in the Faculty of Education at a university in Saudi Arabia

Alnasib, Badiah Nasser M. January 2017 (has links)
Many studies evidence the importance of metacognition in successful learning. Metacognitive skills improve the academic outcomes of learners. Additionally, metacognitive skills build lifelong learning skills, which are transferable to employment and other contexts. As such, developing metacognition in students is of great value to universities as society as a whole. This study explores the perceptions of lecturers and student teachers in a College of Education at a University in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) regarding the presence and promotion of metacognitive skills at the University in which the study took place. The study spanned three departments in the College, namely Kindergarten, Special Education, and Art Education. The study employs an interpretive research approach and case study methodology to gather this rich understanding of lecturers’ and students’ perceptions. Data were collected from twelve lecturers and twelve undergraduate students through a combination of lecture room observations, semi-structured interviews, and group interviews. The most significant finding emerging from this study is the lack of lecturer participants’ knowledge regarding metacognition generally. My study found that skills such as planning, monitoring, and evaluating skills were sometimes present in their teaching, but were not used to engage students in thinking metacognitively or developing their own metacognitive abilities. I found that metacognition was not present consistently or intentionally in lecture rooms. The findings further exposed some obstacles which could inhibit the promotion of metacognition in higher education in KSA. For example, traditional methods of rote learning were shown to discourage metacognitive thinking. Large student numbers and lecturers’ lack of time could prohibit lecturers from investing in teaching metacognitive skills to their students. Students’ apathy towards anything other than memorising facts to pass examinations and acquire grades could also demotivate them to learn valuable skills like metacognition without comprehensive changes to educational norms. The study identified multiple ways in which metacognition could be promoted in higher education in KSA. For example, diversifying teaching practices to include more active learning methods such as discussion and questioning would be more effective than the current prevalent method of lecturing and learning by memorising. Lecturers could role-model metacognitive skills to their students by incorporating metacognition into their own practice, and thus incorporate it into existing courses. Students could be motivated to develop metacognitive skills by discovering the benefits to them of metacognition on both their academic success and their future careers. The study’s findings supported the importance of including metacognition in higher education and advocating it to students as a valuable skill. Thus, there is a need to establish mechanisms or frameworks for integrating metacognition into higher education in KSA, and communities of practice which support the development of metacognitive skills among lecturers and student teachers who will be the teachers of tomorrow. I therefore offer a model with recommendations for practical uptake to expedite this, and support it with this study's evidence.
109

Manières d’enseigner et manières d’apprendre : une étude des phénomènes de sensibilité au contrat didactique chez des étudiants de Licence 3. Une contribution à la pédagogie universitaire dans les Sciences Humaines et Sociales. / Teaching practices and student practices : a study of the “responsiveness to the didactic contract” amongst Bachelor students. A contribution to University Pedagogy in the Social Sciences and Humanities.

Barry, Anna 04 December 2018 (has links)
La question de la réussite des étudiants agite la noosphère. A l’heure où l’on préconise une transformation des pratiques pédagogiques dans un souci de promotion de la réussite, cette thèse propose d’interroger le concept de « cours magistral » dont les modalités – bien plus hétérogènes que ce que laisse croire la littérature actuelle – ne sont pas sans effet sur les manières d’étudier et de composer des étudiants. La question centrale de ce travail peut s’énoncer simplement : comment expliquer que certains étudiants travaillent mais ne réussissent pas ? Au-delà de l’effet des Arrière-plans scolaires et familiaux, cette thèse examine une entrée tout à fait nouvelle à l’université et pourtant centrale : les styles d'enseignement. La thèse met en évidence les effets des styles d'enseignement sur les manières de prendre des notes des étudiants et leurs manières de rédiger des copies d’examen (les différences observées sont analysées en termes de sensibilité au contrat didactique). Cette mise en regard des styles d'enseignement, des styles de prise de notes et des styles de copie permet de montrer quelques déterminants de cette question complexe qu’est la réussite à l’université. / The core of every discussion is student success. In a time when a transformation of teaching practices is encouraged in order to promote student success, where lectures are regarded as traditional, this thesis underlines the large heterogeneity of lectures and shows their effects on students’ practices in terms of note-taking and examination papers-writing. The key question of this study is formulated as follows: how can it be that some students work hard but still fail? Beyond school background and beyond family background, this thesis favors a new entry point: the teaching styles. This study highlights the effects of various teaching styles on different student methods of taking notes and writing examination papers (these different methods are considered as varying degrees of “responsiveness to the didactic contract”). By showing the correlations between teaching styles, note-taking styles and paper-writing styles, this study goes on to define the deciding factors of the complex issue of student success.
110

Os saberes profissionais dos professores: formações, carreiras e experiências nas reformas da rede pública de ensino do estado de São Paulo (1980 a 2010) / The professional knowledges of teachers: training, carreers and experiences in reforms of the public state education in São Paulo (1980-2010)

Caio Augusto Carvalho Alves 20 June 2016 (has links)
Essa pesquisa investiga saberes docentes (TARDIF, 2014) construídos dentro de escolas da rede pública estadual de ensino de São Paulo diante das políticas implementadas pelo governo desde a década de 1980 até 2010. De que maneira os professores passaram a organizar seu trabalho em meio a medidas relativamente novas, como é o caso da organização dos ciclos, da implantação do ensino fundamental de nove anos e da progressão continuada? Percebe-se que, com essas medidas, experiências que historicamente a escola instituiu para lecionar precisaram ser revistas, o que pôde gerar algumas resistências e adaptações no dia a dia das escolas. Interessa conhecer e compreender tais modificações que, embora não comumente registradas em documentos, porque produzem efeitos significativos no trabalho dos professores e dos alunos. Assim, a pesquisa considera as relações entre as iniciativas de política levadas a efeito pelo Estado e o que se concretiza no cotidiano das salas de aula, enfatizando a construção de saberes docentes decorrente desse jogo de poderes. A pesquisa trabalha com as memórias de professores atuantes na rede. Entrevistamos professores que começaram a lecionar há quase trinta anos e que hoje estão em processo de aposentadoria, e professores com ingresso mais recente no magistério, posterior ao implemento de importantes políticas educacionais no período destacado. Tal como se quer, esse caminho evidencia as mudanças e permanências que, desde a década de 1980, têm sido vividas pelos professores quando trabalham ou trabalharam com seus alunos. / This research investigates teaching knowledge (TARDIF, 2014) built up within the State public schools of São Paulo before the policies implemented by the government since the 1980s until 2010. How teachers began to organize their work amid relatively new measures, such as the organization of cycles, the implementation of basic education of nine years and the continued progression? It can be noticed that, with these measures, experiences historically established in school teaching had to be revised, which could cause some resistance and adaptations in schools daily routine. It is important to be aware of these changes and to understand them because they produce significant effects on teachers and students work, although these changes are not commonly recorded in documents. Thus, this research considers the relationship between the policy initiatives undertaken by the State and what is in fact accomplished in the classroom daily life, with emphasis on the teaching knowledge construction as a result of this set of powers. The research deals with the memories of teachers working in the state public system. We interviewed teachers who have been teaching for almost thirty years and who are now in the retirement process, as well as teachers who have more recently joined state public teaching, later to major educational policies implementation. Just as it is supposed to be, such a direction highlights the changes and continuities which have been experienced by teachers since the 1980s in their work with students.

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