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For many years there has been a gap in knowledge about female and male leadership. Although the debate on gender is very tangible, the topic still remains an unfinished debate and challenge. Due to the unequal distribution of power, there is an endeavour to understand the differences between the leadership styles of women and men, but as of yet there are no direct and clear answers to this. The study was conducted due to the fact that women historically have had less access to leadership positions, and to fill the existing knowledge gap in research on this area. The purpose of this study was to examine and compare leadership styles between women and men, and to compare perceived influencing factors on leadership. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews consisting of both competency-based and semi-structured questions. A total of six interviews were conducted, three with women and three with men. The results of the study showed minimal differences in leadership styles, without a specific gender pattern. Instead, it appeared that the differences in leadership styles were individual-based, which raises questions about why there is an overrepresentation of men in leadership positions. However, the image of the stereotypical leader was challenged by the fact that the men in this study tended to adopt more stereotypically feminine characteristics. The results also showed how previous experience and feedback were perceived as important influencing factors by the majority of the respondents. Finally, based on the results of the study, suggestions for future studies were presented in terms of exploring and challenging the image of the stereotypical leader.

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This dissertation examines the spiritual growth of individuals: what growth is; why growth is necessary; and how it can be nurtured. An individual's spiritual growth needs to happen in relationship with others, so that Christ's commandments to love God and neighbour are fulfilled. Thus the dynamics, goals and effects of community life are examined. Spiritual growth and community raises implications for the Christian Church. These are examined, in particular the need for transformed leadership and models of ministry, transforming communities that will enable the church to fulfil its mission to the world. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M.Th. (Christian Spirituality)

This project explores John’s portrait of Jesus in the Gospel of John and argues that John presents Jesus as the Servant of the Lord from Isaiah primarily through his allusions to the Servant passages. The Servant is not the predominant Christological title in John, but it is an important aspect of Johannine Christology. Chapter 1 surveys various works on John’s use of the Old Testament in general, and John’s use of Isaiah specifically. While Isaiah is a major emphasis in John, there have only been two other monographs on John’s use of Isaiah. Furthermore, other works have noted a few allusions to the Isaianic Servant, but no other works have systematically studied the Isaianic Servant in the Gospel of John. Chapter 2 proposes several criteria necessary to identitying allusions to the Isaianic Servant, with allusions classified as clear, probable, and possible. Chapter 3 contains an exegetical discussion of the relevant Servant passages in Isaiah, along with a discussion of the literary context of each Servant song. There is an excursus on the Second Temple Literature, which indicates there is no evidence of a Suffering Messiah in that period. Chapter 4 analyzes two quotations to Isaiah and other clear allusions to the Servant songs in Isaiah. This chapter, along with subsequent chapters, explores the meaning and significance of each allusion for the literary context of John. Chapter 5 identifies probable allusions to the Servant, including the Greeks coming to see Jesus, light and darkness, and Jesus obeying the will of God. Chapter 6 analyzes possible allusions, which have some overlap with the Servant songs, but lack the criterion of uniqueness that would assist an interpreter in connecting John to Isaiah. Chapter 7 discusses the theme of the Isaianic New Exodus and the Servant’s role in initiating this new exodus. John’s description of Jesus utilizes the same characteristics of the Servant to portray Jesus as the Servant in Isaiah. Chapter 8 summarizes the previous chapters and analyzes the implications of the study along with areas for further research.

This study was initiated for the purpose to further understand the theoretical relationship between followers trust of the closest bound perceived servant leader and the predictability of the  followers organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Specifically, this study looked at the modifying effect of the followers prosocial motivation—the desire to benefit other people (Grant, 2008) on multilevel dimensions of trust (i.e. affect- and cognition-based trust) and how this could possibly predict if at all followers OCB. There is far less research specifically about servant leaders than those implementing transformational leadership theory (Joseph & Winston, 2005; van Dierendonck & Nuijten, 2011). There are numerous studies using transformational leadership based on the well-defined parameters that are proven to be a relatively strong predictive variable in a variety of theoretical fields (N. Eva, Sendjaya, & Prajogo, 2015). Zhu and Akhtars’ (2014) study on transformational leadership behavior and multi-levels of trust is the inspiration to the current research project. The current research project is a close replication of Zhu and Akhtars’ (2014) model with the replacement of transformational leadership with servant leadership. Data were collected from 39 followers and four leaders from seven different facilities in the greater Stockholm area. The results showed that affect-based trust mediated the relationship between servant-based leadership and followers OCB. In addition, affect-based trust mediated the relationship between servant leadership and followers OCB only with those with high prosocial motivation. As for cognition-based trust, there seems to be some interaction between cognition-based trust and the relationship between servant leadership and followers with low prosocial motivation. These results strengthen the conclusions of the original study by Zhu and Akhtar (2014). Finding that servant leadership does not predict follower’s organizational citizenship behaviors alone. To reach a better understanding on followers OCB and their interaction within a servant leadership organization one must look at the individual followers’ level of trust and prosocial motivation variables to further our understanding on how to encourage OCB.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:25:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Roseli Martins.pdf: 935149 bytes, checksum: bef9b3687490b02441ac7f086e45c78c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-05-30 / The aim of this thesis is the research, analysis and scientific reflection about the House Servant in the view of the Brazilian Social Welfare, from the origin of the working modality when the slavery in our national territory was a fact up to the latest conquests carried on during the very beginning of this century. Being so, several sources of the Law Legislation were taken in account, such as its constitutional and infra-constitutional legislations, its doctrine, its juris-prudence, its analogy, the publications in periodicals and magazines of great circulation and appraised prestige as well as documents from other different departments, concerning the labour protection, which are working to solve these problems faced by the house servants. The analyses of these different sources allowed us to portray the different possible ways of dealing with the elaboration of the rules and their application in relation to this professional category about which this work is concerned whose fact makes it more difficult to pursue the specific legal devices. However, based on this study, it could be proved that, although the pertinent legislative alteration has been introduced slowly and gradually, it also means a great advance for this category to whom - and only to them - fits this mobilization itself. So that, in a very near future, the house servant will certainly come to be equalized to other employees, concerning his deserved and constitutionally approved social rights / Esta dissertação de mestrado teve por escopo a pesquisa, a análise e a reflexão científica acerca do Empregado Doméstico junto à Previdência Social brasileira, desde a origem da modalidade trabalhista, quando, ainda vigia, lamentavelmente, a escravidão em território nacional até as nóveis conquistas levadas a efeito no decorrer deste primeiro quartel do século XXI. Para tanto, observou-se as diversas fontes do Direito, tais como a legislação constitucional e infraconstitucional, a doutrina, a jurisprudência, a analogia, as publicações em jornais e revistas de grande circulação e conceituado prestígio, bem como dos diferentes órgãos de proteção ao trabalho, e que versam acerca das questões trabalhistas e previdenciárias, e enfrentadas pelos empregados domésticos. Registre-se, ademais, que o cotejo dessas diferentes fontes permitiu retratar a diversidade de tratamento na elaboração das normas e de sua aplicação no que tange a categoria profissional, objeto desta obra, aliás, fato esse que facilita e proporciona o descumprimento dos específicos dispositivos legais. Todavia, face ao estudo efetivado, restou provado que, embora a alteração legislativa pertinente venha se apresentando, de maneira lenta e gradual, essa conquista se traduz em grande avanço da categoria a quem e tão somente a ela cabe a pertinente mobilização a fim de que, efetivamente, o empregado doméstico, num futuro bem próximo, venha a ser equiparado aos demais (empregados) no que diz respeito aos seus merecidos e constitucionalmente consagrados, direitos sociais

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:27:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Claudio Henrique Ribeiro Dias.pdf: 1204044 bytes, checksum: 46cc589edabb48f0805481abce68c454 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-18 / This thesis addresses termination of the bond between the State and state public servants. It also seeks by analyzing legal writings, case law and the Brazilian legal system to assess the various events in which the bond between the State and its public servants may be severed. This work initially explains the currently existing types of State public servants, as well as the legal regimes to which they are subject, scrutinizing their formal differences. It moves on to a review of the requirements imposed on investiture in public jobs and offices, as well as the role played by the Budget Oversight Boards (Tribunais de Contas) within such context. Outsourcing of Public Administration services and the State s liability for damages caused by outsourced services (direito patrimonial) is also analyzed. The modes of termination of the bond between the State and public officials who hold offices are dealt with in a specific chapter, in which special emphasis is given to those events in which severance of the bond arises from a fault committed by the public official and to the consequences of such fact. A separate chapter is dedicated to termination of the bond between the State and public servants working under the Consolidated Labor Laws (CLT). The effects of hiring public servants that do not submit to a prior competitive examination are also discussed. Finally, this thesis analyzes the similarities and differences between the various regimes to which public servants may be subject with respect to their bond with the State / A presente dissertação é dedicada ao estudo da extinção do vínculo mantido entre o Estado e os servidores estatais. Busca, mediante análise da doutrina, da jurisprudência pátria e do ordenamento jurídico nacional, avaliar as diversas hipóteses em que o rompimento do liame mantido entre o Estado e os seus servidores se faz possível. Para tanto, inicialmente discorre a respeito das modalidades de servidores hoje existentes nos quadros do Estado, bem como dos regimes jurídicos a que podem estar submetidos, analisando suas diferenças formais. Segue-se análise dos requisitos impostos à investidura em cargos e empregos públicos, assim como do papel desempenhado pelos Tribunais de Contas em relação ao provimento daqueles. Dedica-se atenção também à terceirização de serviços na Administração Pública e à responsabilidade patrimonial do Estado pelos serviços terceirizados. As modalidades de extinção do vínculo mantido entre o Estado e os servidores titulares de cargos foram tratadas em capítulo próprio, no qual se dá especial ênfase àquelas em que o rompimento do liame decorre de falta cometida pelo servidor, bem como são analisadas algumas conseqüências oriundas de tal fato. Em capítulo distinto se empreende verificação acerca da extinção da relação mantida entre o Estado e os servidores submetidos ao regime celetista. Discorre-se também a respeito dos efeitos da admissão de servidores sem a prévia realização de concurso público. Por fim, são analisados os pontos de aproximação e distanciamento existentes entre os regimes a que podem estar submetidos os servidores, no tocante à extinção do vínculo por eles mantido com o Estado

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:16:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aline Paes de Araujo.pdf: 951220 bytes, checksum: d71f950be90732c946d9d5cd08b652b0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-30 / This thesis aims to study the Politics of the Federal Public Service Health (PASS), runs through Subsystem Server Federal Assistance to Health (SIASS) established by Decree N º. 6,830 of April 29, 2009 . Understand and analyze its implementation from the year in which the legal framework of the institution occurred. Because it is a social category of workers differentiated, it was necessary to know the current quota and delimit the federal public service executive level as the target audience. The absence of a politics prior to this and the fact that the Brazilian State as regulator to set labor relations between workers and private institutions, and the role of employer, do not have their own regulations, were some of the questions that this study sought to answer. For both, were used: literature search and document primary and secondary sources: legislation , the SIASS site , bank official data and some informal contacts with key persons responsible for the implementation of PASS in Brazil and in the state of São Paulo . However, the main advances brought by the new politics was the unification of standards and set of procedures in relation to the question of the health of the public servant , in the various organs that make up the system of Federal Civilian Government (SIPEC) . It should be emphasized that the delay politics and legislation (2009), when compared to that of private sector workers, deployed since the thirties of the last century, through the Social Security and the Consolidation of Labor Laws (CLT). Another issue that draws attention to the implementation of this politics for federal civil servants to process, is that it was not accompanied by infrastructure, power and skilled labor and adequate, sufficient budget / Esta dissertação tem como objetivo estudar a Política de Atenção à Saúde do Servidor Público Federal (PASS), executada através do Subsistema de Atenção à Saúde do Servidor Federal (SIASS), instituído através do Decreto de Nº. 6.830 de 29 de abril de 2009. Conhecer e analisar sua implantação a partir do ano em que ocorreu o marco legal de sua instituição. Por se tratar de uma categoria social de trabalhadores diferenciada, foi necessário conhecer o contingente atual e delimitar o serviço público federal do âmbito executivo como público alvo. A inexistência de uma política anterior a essa e o fato de o Estado Brasileiro se configurar como regulador para as relações trabalhistas entre instituições privadas e trabalhadores e, no papel de empregador, não possuir regulamentação própria, foram algumas das indagações que este estudo pretendeu responder. Para tanto, foram utilizadas: pesquisa bibliográfica e documental de fontes primárias e secundárias: legislação, site do SIASS, banco de dados oficiais e alguns contatos informais com pessoas chaves responsáveis pela implantação da PASS no Brasil e no estado de São Paulo. Contudo, o principal avanço trazido pela nova política foi a unificação de normas e definição de procedimentos em relação à questão da saúde do servidor público, nos diversos órgãos que compõem o Sistema de Pessoal Civil da Administração Pública Federal (SIPEC). Cabe ressaltar o atraso dessa política e legislação (2009), quando comparada à dos trabalhadores da iniciativa privada, implantada desde os anos trinta do século passado, através da Previdência Social e Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho (CLT). Outra questão que chama a atenção, no processo de implantação dessa política destinada aos servidores públicos federais, é que ela não foi acompanhada de infraestrutura, força de trabalho adequada e capacitada e, dotação orçamentária suficiente

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:22:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eduardo Salamacha.pdf: 433855 bytes, checksum: cbecc2d860aa98f01b4aed2054e5119c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-19 / The present work s objective is to find legal basis to sustain the possibility of civil responsibilization of the public servant for damages caused to the taxpayer. First, we establish some constitutional (notion of system and constitutional principles related to the subject of this paper) and infraconstitutional premises (origin, definition of civil responsibility and its species, studying deeply some essential points necessary to understand properly the subject of this work). After this, we explain specific matters of the civil responsibility of the public administration and some cases that are very close to the subject of this work (considering that judicial decisions in this area are extremely scarce in Brazilian jurisprudence), commenting them based mainly in the constitutional premises proposed, so that, in the end, we conclude that it is possible to apply the general civil responsibility rules to any public servants that cause damage to the taxpayers, based on the constitutional and legal principles and norms presented throughout this work / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo buscar fundamentos jurídicos para sustentarse a possibilidade de responsabilização civil direta do agente público por danos causados ao contribuinte. Primeiramente, são estabelecidas as premissas constitucionais (noção de sistema e princípios constitucionais relacionados ao tema) e infraconstitucionais (origem, conceito de responsabilidade civil e suas espécies, aprofundando-se em determinados pontos essenciais ao entendimento do tema). Após isso, são explicadas as questões específicas da responsabilidade civil da administração pública e alguns casos práticos que tangem o objeto deste trabalho (já que as decisões sobre o tema em si são extremamente escassas na jurisprudência pátria), comentando-se com base principalmente nas premissas constitucionais propostas, para, ao final, concluir-se pela possibilidade de aplicação das normas gerais de responsabilidade civil ao agente público pelos danos que ele causar ao contribuinte, com base nos princípios e normas constitucionais e infraconstitucionais apresentados ao longo do trabalho