The Australian music industry is growing and developing yet specific information about the ways in which distribution systems develop is limited. In this study I examined the growth and change of the Australian music value chain. This includes the development of digital distribution systems and the effect that peer-to-peer technology has on system development, specifically the disintermediation between consumers and artists to the detriment of the multinational value chains. The drivers of this change are broken into social and technical elements in order to describe the growth and change occurring. The method used included a comprehensive literature review and use of secondary data from key music industry associations. The Australian music industry is a subset of the global industry and is led by foreign markets and their methods in which music content moves from the creators to the consumers. The consumption patterns of Australian music consumers are changing. The overall value of the music industry is dropping as the new digital downloads market emerges and the overall volume of sales increases; this reflects similar trends in foreign markets. CD single sales have dropped and digital single sales (in MP3 format) have increased. However, there needs to be a balance in the future development of Australian music distribution systems between the needs of music consumers and the sustainability of music companies, where there is both connectivity and steady revenue flow. There are technical elements that have caused a movement away from the traditional forms of music distribution as new technologies facilitate the change, such as Apple's iPod and broadband Internet connections. Advancement of distribution systems has increased piracy levels and the response has been the implementation of digital rights management (DRM), which prevents connectivity. There are also social elements that affect growth and change such as connectivity, or the consumers freedom to choose when, where and how to listen to their music. When music product has a restriction placed upon it its value to the consumer drops. Multinational music companies have failed to recognise the value users place on the freedom to pick and choose and have tried to control rather than to co-develop systems that meets both parties needs.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-12T20:32:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 77037.pdf: 700557 bytes, checksum: 4e6757d65341729b611c8a98531e3a37 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-06-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In the current organizational environment, successful companies are adapting their products to the needs of their customers, developing relationships with them while seeking differentials, and laboratory medicine is no exception. However, it can be observed that many private clinical analysis laboratories are located far from their medical clients, which can harm the quality and precision of laboratory and clinical diagnoses and lead to a reduction in competitiveness, productivity, innovation and the search for excellence in these laboratories. In this context, relationship marketing can be considered an adequate path for meeting the needs of doctors and providing clinical analysis laboratories with the opportunity of breaching the limits between the organization and the customers, thus creating and sharing values with its customers and partners; resulting in a long term relationship. Within this perspective, this dissertation presents a conceptual basis of relationship marketing, exposes the data obtained through a multi-case study conducted with the customer service managers and clinical analysis laboratory leaders. Interpretation of the results obtained is performed through the conversion analysis technique. The main conclusions of this work highlight the need for improving the value chain involving private clinical analysis laboratories and the medical service through the use of relationship marketing tools able to provide laboratories with a competitive advantage that will both maintain and differentiate them in the market / No ambiente organizacional de hoje as empresas bem sucedidas estão adaptando seus produtos às necessidades de seus clientes, relacionando-se com eles e buscando diferenciais, da mesma forma que ocorre na medicina laboratorial. Porém, percebe-se que muitos laboratórios de análises clínicas privados estão bastante distantes de seu cliente médico, o que pode prejudicar a qualidade e a precisão dos diagnósticos laboratoriais e clínicos e diminuir a competitividade, produtividade, inovação e a busca pela excelência nestes laboratórios. Nesse contexto, o marketing de relacionamento pode apresentar-se como um caminho adequado, para atender as necessidades dos médicos e oferecer aos laboratórios de análises clínicas a oportunidade para romper os limites entre a organização e os clientes, criando e compartilhando valores tanto com os clientes como com seus parceiros; induzindo a um relacionamento em longo prazo. Dentro dessa perspectiva, este trabalho de dissertação apresenta a base conceitual do marketing de relacionamento, expõe os dados obtidos por meio de um estudo de multicasos realizado com os gerentes de atendimento e dirigentes dos laboratórios de análises clínicas. A interpretação dos resultados obtidos é realizada por meio da técnica da análise da conversação. As principais conclusões deste trabalho destacam a necessidade da melhoria na cadeia de valor envolvendo os laboratórios de análises clínicas privados e o serviço médico por meio de ferramentas de marketing de relacionamento que poderão oportunizar aos laboratórios a vantagem competitiva para se manterem e diferenciarem-se no mercado

La surveillance de la santé se définit comme la production et le traitement de données destinées à informer les programmes de mitigation des risques sanitaires. La surveillance des maladies infectieuses animales est généralement considérée comme un bien public, impliquant la responsabilité de l’Etat. La surveillance des maladies émergentes transfrontalières, dont l’influenza aviaire hautement pathogène (IAHP), est même perçue comme un bien public mondial, justifiant un partage d’informations entre Etats. La forme la plus répandue de la surveillance, dite passive ou réactive, repose sur la communication d’acteurs privés ou publics d’informations qu’ils détiennent sur l’état sanitaire des populations animales qu’ils observent aux autorités en charge de la surveillance. La surveillance se trouve donc confrontée à la problématique des biens publics dont la gestion est dépendante de la décision décentralisée d’acteurs privés. Deux questions se posent alors : quels sont les facteurs qui influencent la décision de transmettre une information aux systèmes de surveillance publics ? Ces facteurs sont-ils purement financiers ou impliquent-ils d’autres types d’enjeux, qui font intervenir l’environnement social de l’individu, le territoire dans lequel il s’insère et ses rapports de pouvoirs ? Une autre question est celle de l’existence de réseaux d’information, établis entre acteurs privés et publics permettant d’alerter un maximum d’acteurs de l’apparition d’un risque sanitaire. Comment ces réseaux de constituent-ils ? Dans quelle mesure sont-ils liés aux systèmes de surveillance publics ? Quelles formes de gestion du risque, sous contrôle privé ou public, permettent-ils ? Le cas étudié est celui de l’IAHP due à H5N1 chez les volailles domestiques en Asie du Sud-Est. Une étude a été menée dans quatre zones d’échelle spatiale réduite réparties sur les deux pays, trois au Viet Nam et une en Thaïlande. La théorie des graphs a été appliquée à la diffusion de l’information sur les suspicions d’IAHP entre acteurs privés et publics des territoires avicoles. La structure de ces réseaux d’information est conditionnée par l’organisation politique des territoires ruraux, sous forme de villages, et par les filières dans lesquels s’insèrent les élevages présents dans les territoires. Dans les zones d’étude du Viet Nam présentant un grand nombre d’élevage commerciaux privés, les acteurs amont de la filière avicole commerciale, qui fournissent aliments et produits vétérinaires aux éleveurs, ont un accès privilégié à l’information issue du secteur avicole commercial et villageois. Dans la zone d’étude de Thaïlande, les acteurs impliqués dans les combats de coqs ont un accès privilégié à l’information issue des éleveurs villageois. Ces acteurs centraux dans les réseaux facilitent la diffusion spatiale des informations et l’accès de l’ensemble des éleveurs à ces informations. Les autorités vétérinaires sont présentes dans les réseaux mais la priorité qui leur est accordée est faible en comparaison aux acteurs privés de la filière. En parallèle, des entretiens qualitatifs ou semi-quantitatifs utilisant les outils de l’épidémiologie participative ont été menés afin d’identifier les enjeux associés à la déclaration des suspicions aux autorités vétérinaire. Les enjeux diffèrent selon les territoires et les types de production avicoles qui les composent. Ces enjeux vont au-delà des problématiques purement financières : risques sanitaires et nuisances environnementales pour le voisinage, responsabilité dans les pertes économiques des autres éleveurs et des partenaires commerciaux, et valeur affective et sociale de l’animal sont autant de composantes potentielles de la décision de l’éleveur de déclarer une suspicion aux autorités. Une partie de ces enjeux est liée aux mesures de contrôle mise en place par l’Etat face au risque sanitaire. Cependant, d’autres sont strictement associés à la diffusion de l’information. / Health surveillance is defined as the production and processing of data aimed at informing health risk mitigation programs. Surveillance of infectious animal diseases is usually considered as a public good, involving the responsibility of the state. Surveillance of transboundary emerging diseases, like HPAI, is even perceived as an international public good, justifying information sharing between countries. The most common type of surveillance, i.e. passive or reactive surveillance, is based on communications from private or public actors of the information they hold about the health status of animal populations they observe to authorities in charge of health surveillance. Animal health is therefore confronted with the problematic of public goods whose production depends on decentralized private decision. Two questions may be raised: what are the factors influencing the decision to transmit information to public surveillance systems? Are these factors solely of monetary nature or are they linked with other types of issues, among which the social environment of individuals, the place where they live and their power relationships? Another question relates to the existence of information networks established between private and public actors which enable to a part of the population of sanitary threats. How these are networks constituted? To which extent are they linked with public surveillance systems? Which type of risk management do they allow? The studied case is H5N1 HPAI in domestic poultry in Southeast Asia. A study was conducted in four areas of limited spatial scale distributed in two countries, three in Viet Nam and one in Thailand. Graph theory was applied to the diffusion of information related to HPAI suspicions between actors, private or public. The structure of these networks is shaped by the political organization of rural places, the villages, and by the value chains to which poultry farms belong. In study areas of Viet Nam with widespread commercial poultry farming, upstream actors of the value chain, supplying feed and veterinary products to farmers have better access to information from the commercial and backyard poultry farms. In the Thailand study area, actors participating in cock fighting games have a better access to information from backyard farms. These actors who are central in information networks facilitate the spatial spread of information and access of farmers to information from distant locations. Veterinary authorities are included in the information networks but their attributed priority is week in comparison with private actors of value chains. Besides, qualitative and semi-quantitative interviews were conducted, using tools of participatory epidemiology, in order to identify issues linked with suspicion reporting to veterinary authorities. Those issues differ according to places and types of poultry production. They go beyond purely monetary concerns: sanitary risks and environmental nuisances to the neighborhood, responsibility in economic losses of other farmers and commercial partners and social and affective value of animals are potential components of the decision of farmers to report a suspicion to veterinary authorities. A part of these issues are linked with disease control measures implemented by the state in response to sanitary risks. However, others are strictly associated with information spread. It is the case, for example, of impacts of information on poultry market prices.

Collective investments have become a very popular investment vehicle in South Africa because it is, among other things, transparent, liquid and easily accessible. Growing investor knowledge, good market returns and its suitability for diversification, which minimizes risk, also contributes to its popularity. A value chain that adds value to the investor has developed around the collective investment scheme. The role players in this chain include the investment manager, the management company and financial intermediaries. The growth in this part of the collective investment industry has been so dynamic that regulation and the introduction of various new intermediary layers are constantly affecting the value chain and the value added for the investor. Research was conducted to assess the impact of the value chain on the behaviour of the individual investor and the effect this has on wealth creation. The literary review established that the environment surrounding this dynamic and interdependent value chain is well-regulated and that costs and investor behaviour could have a significant impact on investment returns. The empirical study revealed that the average individual investor recognizes the impact of the value chain on his investment, but perceives himself as being knowledgeable enough to avert ineffectiveness in the chain by ensuring desired investment returns through good investment decisions. Over-diversification and irresponsible switching between funds by the investor can, however, destroy value and negate the effect of long-term returns. / Business Management / M. Com. (Business Management)

Made available in DSpace on 2009-11-18T19:01:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004 / A Física e a Administração concentram suas pesquisas sobre fenômenos que, de certa forma, se assemelham, fazendo com que nos questionemos a respeito da grande integral do universo a que estamos submetidos. Em uma exploração por analogias, aproxima-se aqui o mundo organizacional ao dos sistemas UnIVerSaIS, instáveis e não-integráveis, onde a flecha do tempo é quem determina a evolução dos mesmos. Mostra-se que na Administração, como na Física, tudo parece convergir na direção de um inesgotável repertório de bifurcações e possibilidades para o destino mercadológico de produtos, serviços e marcas ao longo de um continuum. Para amenizar os efeitos dessas incertezas, é buscada uma simplificação desses complexos sistemas sociais através de uma proposta de modelo baseado em fatores consagrados pela literatura da gestão empresarial como norteadores das escolhas dos consumidores; um processo gaussiano da 'percepção do valor', que pode servir de ferramenta nas decisões estratégicas e gerenciais dentro das empresas. / The physical and the administration sciences focus their researches on phenomenum wich, in some ways, can have similarities, making us to question and ask about the great convergence ofthe systems in the Universe under which we are submitted. Exploring by analogues, this research tries to make sense to put together the organizational and physical systems, unstables and not integratable, moving forward by the time's arrow, that determines the evolution ofthose. In the Administration, as in the Physics, everything seems to converge at the direction of an inexhaustible collection of forks and possibilities, if considering the destiny of products, services and labels during the human history. To soften the effects of those uncertanties, it is fetched a simplification of these complex social systems across a proposal of a model to be constructed and tested, based in some factors established by business management's literature as the guiders of the consumers's choices; a gaussian process of the 'insight value', that can be useful as a tool for the strategic and business managing decisions beyond the companies.

Submitted by EDUARDO JUNQUEIRA (el.junqueira@gmail.com) on 2017-03-16T19:43:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissertacaoEduardoJunqueira.pdf: 5067579 bytes, checksum: 2f2d79aa0d4477ddd1f2d990cee8ff01 (MD5) / Rejected by Renata de Souza Nascimento (renata.souza@fgv.br), reason: Eduardo, Por gentileza, somente retirar a página em branco que consta antes da ficha catalográfica. Aguardo. on 2017-03-16T22:27:48Z (GMT) / Submitted by EDUARDO JUNQUEIRA (el.junqueira@gmail.com) on 2017-03-17T13:42:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissertacaoEduardoJunqueira.pdf: 5067030 bytes, checksum: 86cc2c5bf2a22e77b87b962f8b24b260 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Renata de Souza Nascimento (renata.souza@fgv.br) on 2017-03-17T15:26:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissertacaoEduardoJunqueira.pdf: 5067030 bytes, checksum: 86cc2c5bf2a22e77b87b962f8b24b260 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-17T15:44:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissertacaoEduardoJunqueira.pdf: 5067030 bytes, checksum: 86cc2c5bf2a22e77b87b962f8b24b260 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-14 / This paper aims to understand the economic effect for Brazil and its ability to join Global Value Chains (GVC) when implementing the actions proposed in the Bali package, which intend to increase port efficiency (Trade Facilitations Agreement – TFA). Using a Computable General Equilibrium Model (CGE model from GTAP), it was estimated that the actions would bring economic benefits worldwide, including to Brazil. In addition, the agreement would increase the competitiveness across the globe, which in turn would result in a rise of economic integration of regions in GVC, measured by the vertical specialization metric VS and VS1. The major effects to Brazil would come from VS1 metric, mainly because of the increase of manufacturing activities which focus on primary factors such as skilled labor and capital. / Este estudo pretende entender os efeitos que a implementação das ações propostas no acordo de facilitação do comércio de Bali produziriam no desenvolvimento econômico do Brasil e na sua inserção em cadeias globais de valor. Utilizando um modelo de equilíbrio geral computável, foi simulado a implementação do acordo e conclui-se que o mesmo traria benefícios econômicos para todas as regiões estudadas, incluindo o Brasil. Ao mesmo tempo, o acordo aumentaria a competividade global entre as regiões, produzindo uma maior integração econômica mensurada por meio do aumento das métricas de especialização vertical VS e VS1. Os maiores efeitos ao Brasil ocorrem pelo aumento da métrica VS1, direcionados pelo setor de manufatura com foco em trabalho especializado e capital.

The South African automotive industry has experienced significant changes in the last 20 years. Globalisation, the implementation of lean production and the development of modularisation have had a profound influence on the relationships between original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and their suppliers, the automotive component manufacturers (ACMs), and their suppliers. South Africa has a number of OEMs and a vibrant automotive component manufacturing industry (ACM), which supplies the South African aftermarket and a spread of export markets. These ACMs are the focus of this study. The main objective of this research study was to identify the supply chain management problems ACMs in South Africa encounter, to what extent they face these problems and how these can be overcome. The problems were identified through a literature review and interviews with two OEMs in South Africa. Using this data a questionnaire was compiled and sent to all NAACAM members for completion. This study is by nature descriptive and exploratory and contains quantitative and qualitative elements. Seven hypotheses were formulated to guide the research. The findings of this research indicate that the geographic location, age and size of the business, have no bearing on the supply chain problems ACMs face, whist the relationship between ACMs and their suppliers and ACMs and their customers is a significant problem. The findings also indicate that the following are some of the main supply chain problems facing ACMs: pressure by OEMs to reduce prices; the price of materials; cancellation of orders; excessive inventory; the unreliability of rail transport and rail capacity problems; the high cost of South African ports; the cost of replacing outdated technology; and BBBEE – achieving and verifying BEE scorecards. The findings further indicate a lack of skills and labour problems, both of which are time consuming to resolve. This study was completed over a four-year period. At the commencement of this study the automotive industry was booming, but in mid-2008, a global economic crisis started. This crisis impacted adversely on the automotive industry globally and in South Africa. Despite these challenges, leaders in the South African automotive component industry remain positive about the future. This study was completed over a four-year period. At the commencement of this study the automotive industry was booming, but in mid-2008, a global economic crisis started. This crisis impacted adversely on the automotive industry globally and in South Africa. Despite these challenges, leaders in the South African automotive component industry remain positive about the future. / Business Management / D. Comm. (Business Management)

Rapid changes in the economic and world order have made it imperative for university libraries to make a paradigm shift from prestige collection building to a marketing philosophy as their strategic directive. This philosophy would direct university libraries towards decision making around customers' real needs and preferences, aligning organisational competencies and processes with these needs, resulting in more effective service delivery. Changes in the world order, economics and marketing as a philosophy are presented on a time line, revealing the influence developments in technology and the Internet have brought about. Various views on the influence of these changes in the world order are presented. Marketing in service organisations is encapsulated in a service marketing triangle. Competitive advantage for the university library should be achieved if the internal processes of the library are analysed in the context of a value chain. A proposed marketing model has been presented to direct strategic thinking in the university library. / Information Science / M. Inf.

[pt] O objetivo da dissertação é demonstrar os benefícios sociais e ambientais da adoção de normas pela indústria de papel e celulose, ilustrando-se pelo estudo de caso da Suzano Papel e Celulose no contexto de um projeto internacional da ISO. Esse projeto foi concluído em 2013 e teve por objetivo desenvolver estudos de caso para avaliar os benefícios sociais e ambientais das normas focalizando-se cinco empresas de setores industriais distintos de três países – China, Rússia e Brasil. No Brasil, a ABNT coordenou o estudo de caso referente à empresa Suzano Papel e Celulose, que contou com a participação do pesquisador na equipe do projeto, através de uma parceira com a PUC-Rio. Quanto aos fins, a pesquisa pode ser considerada aplicada e descritiva. Quanto aos meios de investigação, a metodologia compreende pesquisa bibliográfica e documental; pesquisa de campo, com entrevistas semiestruturadas para o caso da empresa Suzano Papel e Celulose; descrição do estudo de caso, com análise dos indicadores gerados. Destacam-se como resultados: (i) revisão dos sistemas de mensuração de sustentabilidade corporativa que vêm sendo adotados em nível mundial e nacional; (ii) análise dos resultados do estudo de caso e demonstração da aplicabilidade e efetividade da metodologia baseada no conceito de cadeia de valor introduzido por Porter e no modelo de criação de valor sustentável concebido por Hart e Milstein; (iii) funções da cadeia de valor da empresa que são relevantes para a avaliação dos benefícios sociais e ambientais gerados pela adoção de normas; e (iv) conjunto de indicadores operacionais que deverão ser considerados pelas empresas da indústria de papel e celulose, visando maximizar o valor gerado pelas normas. / [en] The objective of this dissertation is to demonstrate the social and environmental benefits of adoption of standards by pulp and paper companies, within the context of an international project carried out by ISO. This project was concluded in 2013 and aimed to develop five case studies focusing companies from different industrial sectors in three countries – China, Russia and Brazil. In Brazil, the selected company was Suzano Papel e Celulose and the researcher integrated the project team coordinated by ABNT, through a partnership with PUC-Rio. This research can be considered descriptive and applied and the methodology encompasses bibliographical and documental research, field research by means of semi-structured interviews for the case of Suzano Papel e Celulose; description of Suzano s case study with critical analysis of indicators and metrics. The main results can be summarized as follows: (i) a review of measurement systems of corporate sustainability that have been adopted worldwide; (ii) critical analysis of the results from Suzano s case study and demonstration of applicability and effectiveness of the methodology based on concept of value chain introduced by Porter and also on sustainable value model designed by Hart e Milstein; (iii) functions of the company s value chain that are relevant for assessing social and economic benefits generated by the adoption of standards, and (iv) a set of operational indicators to be considered by pulp and paper companies to maximize the value generated by the standards adoption.

Este trabalho analisa como ocorre a interação entre Sistemas Locais de Produção (SLPs) e as cadeias produtivas globais, com vistas a identificar quais os impactos para a estrutura produtiva local das diversas formas de inserção das empresas nos mercados. Assim, tanto elementos endógenos aos SLPs, quando elementos exógenos foram analisados. Para se compreender este fenômeno foram identificadas as trajetórias de desenvolvimento (escolhas tecnológicas, de produtos, estratégias de negócio e as estruturas organizacionais) e as capacitações (conhecimentos, habilidades, práticas e rotinas) adquiridas pelas empresas ao longo do tempo, as formas de organização e atuação dos agentes locais e dos agentes não-locais. O levantamento de campo foi realizado com empresas da indústria de móveis de dois SLPs: Bento Gonçalves (RS) e São Bento do Sul (SC). Estas duas localidades foram escolhidas pois além de terem importante participação na produção e exportação de móveis do país, apresentam trajetórias de desenvolvimento diferentes. As empresas localizadas em SLPs que comercializam os produtos a partir de diversos canais de comercialização, apresentam estrutura produtiva bastante heterogênea e as capacitações internas desenvolvidas são diversas. Devido a tal configuração há abertura para atuação dos organismos de apoio que desenvolvem diversos projetos para apoiar o desenvolvimento das capacitações das empresas. Já as empresas localizadas em SLPs cujo canal de colocação dos produtos no mercado é a partir de agentes de exportação, têm estrutura produtiva mais homogênea e as capacitações desenvolvidas são centradas em áreas produtivas. Assim, a abertura para atuação dos organismos locais não existe e as ações que são implementadas são inócuas. Portanto, os agentes não locais influenciam diretamente na competitividade das empresas e nos limites ao desenvolvimento local. / This work focus the interection of Local Productive Systems (LPSs) and global productive chains, in order to identify the impacts to local productive struture from the differents forms of firms market access. Thus, endogenous and exogenous elements from LPSs were analyzed. To understand this phenomenom were analyzed the development path (strategic, products, technologies choices and organization structure) and the capacity (knowledge, abilities, practices and routines) acquired by firms with the time by, and were considerated the organization and action of local and non-local agents. The survey had been done with firms and organisms from furniture industry in two brasilian LPSs: Bento Gonçalves (RS) and São Bento do Sul (SC). Both locations were choseen because they are important to the furniture production and exportation, and they had differents development paths. Firms from LPS that commercialize their products with differents forms, present heterogeneous prodctive struture, and develop a large range of capacities. The supportive organisms develop differents projects to support the firms. Firms form LPS that mainly exports their products through export agents, have homogeneous productive struture and the development of capacities are centered in productive areas. Thus, the organisms do not act with deliberate joint action.Therefore, non local agents influence directaly the competitiveness of firms and limitate local development