The target of the thesis is to propose an appropriate information system that ensures the implementation of the business strategy for the garden division of the company AGRO CS a.s. Specifically it targets evaluating the use of enterprise information systems and the application of business intelligence according to the information base describing the company's business strategy. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first one is the theoretical part that outlines the methods used for analysing the business strategy and the theory background about business strategy itself. It also contains information system theory. The second part, the analysis part, presents the company and is based on the theoretical part. It also implements methods used for analysing the business strategy and analysing the appropriateness of the use of EIS systems or business intelligence applications. In the last part, the proposal part, an appropriate EIS or BI system is chosen based on consultations, requirements and targets that are the outcome of the previous part.

En los últimos años, las tiendas por conveniencia han tenido un gran crecimiento en la mayoría de los distritos de Lima y dentro de algunas provincias del Perú. Estas han venido posicionándose y ganando una gran parte del mercado peruano. Los centros comerciales y las bodegas tradicionales se han visto afectados por este nuevo tipo de tiendas. El presente estudio tiene por finalidad identificar los principales factores que influyen en la decisión de compra de los clientes de las tiendas por conveniencia en el distrito de Santiago de Surco antes y durante el periodo de inmovilización social del año 2020 empleando el modelo de la Teoría del Comportamiento Planificado (TPB). El documento consta de 4 capítulos: Capítulo 1: se encuentra la introducción. Capítulo 2: se detalla el marco teórico donde están los antecedentes, el estado de la cuestión, los puntos caves de este proyecto y algunos conceptos generales que aportan a la investigación. Capítulo 3: indica el plan de investigación, el cual se refiere al problema principal, las hipótesis y los objetivos planteados para el desarrollo de este trabajo de investigación. Capítulo 4: se explica la metodología del trabajo, las variables, la cobertura de estudio, encuestas y el tamaño de muestra para esta investigación. Capítulo 5: se realiza el desarrollo numérico mediante gráficos y tablas de los softwares correspondientes que comprueban las hipótesis y objetivos de la investigación. Capitulo 6: se encuentran las conclusiones y recomendaciones que arrojan los resultados del presente proyecto. / In recent years, convenience stores have had great growth in most of Lima's districts and many states of Peru. These have been positioning themselves and gaining a large part of the Peruvian market. Shopping malls and traditional wineries have been affected by this new type of store. The purpose of this study is to identify the main factors influencing the purchase decision of convenience store customers in the Santiago de Surco district before and during the period of social immobilization in 2020 using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB). The document consists of 4 chapters: Chapter 1: Introduction. Chapter 2: Theoretical framework where the background, the state of the question, the key points of this project and some general concepts that contribute to the research are detailed. Chapter 3: Indicates the research plan, which refers to the main problem, the hypotheses and the objectives set for the development of this research work. Chapter 4: Methodology, variables, study coverage, surveys, and sample size for this research are explained. Chapter 5: Numerical development is carried out by means of graphs and tables of the corresponding software that verify the hypotheses and objectives of the investigation. Chapter 6: Conclusions and recommendations of the results of this project are found. / Tesis

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This policy brief deals with the research findings of the collaborative research project “CHAnces IN Sustainability – promoting natural resource based product chains in East Africa” (CHAINS) funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research, and the DLR Project Management Agency. It presents the studies investigating the value chains of highland BAMBOO and NATURAL GUM AND RESIN products in Ethiopia as well as GUM ARABIC value chains in Sudan. These products possess high eco¬nomic, social and environ¬mental benefits and untapped potentials. However, their pro-duction and commercialization are con¬strained seriously by various challenges limiting the realization of their potentials. Identified policy options are: • strengthen institutional capacity; • improve infrastructure and support services; • organize necessary information for sustainable utilization planning; • facilitate actors’ communication, innovation and fair partnership. This calls for forest product value chain development that is supported by policy, training, research, technology development and transfer, market linkage that consider private sectors, state, civic organizations, universities and research institutes.

Actualmente, los países en vías de desarrollo (PED) vienen siendo blancos de interés de inversión para empresas multinacionales dedicadas al rubro alimentario, estos países cuentan con una amplia oferta de productos alimenticios. No obstante, en el caso de los productos congelados, estos países no suelen ser competitivos, al no contar con la adecuada implementación y gestión de la cadena de frío se obtienen grandes cantidades de desperdicios de comida y, por ende, pérdidas económicas. Perú es considerado un PED por lo cual, pese a tener una importante participación en la oferta de productos pesqueros de la región, no es indiferente a las consecuencias del mal manejo de la cadena de frío y el efecto sobre los márgenes de utilidad de los exportadores. Por ello, para estudiar esta problemática la presente tesis analizó los factores de la cadena de frío que influyeron en la cadena de valor de las empresas peruanas exportadoras de atunes de aleta amarilla congelados a Ecuador durante el periodo 2014-2018. Mediante la metodología con enfoque cualitativo, a través de entrevistas a especialistas del sector y empresas exportadoras de productos congelados. Se pudo determinar que el transporte, almacenaje, uso de tecnologías de información y la participación del estado son las principales variables de interés y relevancia. Asimismo, la trazabilidad sobre el control de temperatura ocasiona una buena gestión de calidad. Se demostró que se debe impulsar y fomentar la industria de frío por parte del gobierno peruano pues la oferta es escasa, por ende, los costos son elevados y hace que el sector no sea atractivo para posibles inversiones. Se recomienda tomar en cuenta para futuros estudios el papel del estado de los PED y su influencia en la implementación de la cadena de frío. / Currently, developing countries have been targets of investment interest for multinational companies dedicated to the food industry. These countries have a wide range of food products. However, in the case of frozen products, developing countries are not usually competitive, as they do not have the proper implementation and management of the cold chain. Large amounts of food waste are obtained and, therefore, economic losses. Peru is considered a developing country for which, despite having an important share in the supply of fishery products in the region, it is not indifferent to the consequences of poor management of the cold chain and the effect on exporters' profit margins. To study this problem, this thesis analyzed the cold chain factors that influenced the value chain of Peruvian companies exporting frozen yellowfin tuna except for livers, roe, and milk to Ecuador during the 2014-2018 period. Through the methodology with a qualitative approach, through interviews with specialists in the sector and companies that export frozen products. It was determined that transportation, storage, use of information technologies, and state participation are the main variables of interest and relevance. Also, traceability on temperature control leads to good quality management. It was shown that the cold industry should be promoted by the Peruvian government since the supply is scarce, therefore, the costs are high and makes the sector unattractive for possible investments. It is recommended to consider for future studies the role of the state of developing countries and their influence on the implementation of the cold chain. / Tesis

Syfte Rapportens syften var att undersöka möjligheter för att ta fram en upcyclingskollektion i Sverige, där materialet är överbliven och obrukad andrahandstextil som Human Bridge samlat in. Metod En kvalitativ forskningsstrategi med induktiv forskningsprocess har använts som metodansats. Den kvalitativa forskningen är mer flexibel och mindre strukturerad än den kvantitativa. Utöver litteraturstudier är rapporten huvudsakligen baserad på en semistrukturerad intervju med personal från Human bridge. För att analysera den insamlade datan användes Business Model Canvas och SWOT-analys. Resultat Resultatet visar att det finns potential för en upcyclingskollektion, men även en del risker. Exempelvis ser vi att det finns en kunskapsbrist när det gäller textil inom organisationen men att det inte råder brist på upcyclingsmaterial. Originalitet/Värde I motsats till majoriteten av forskning vi kunnat hitta, så fokuserar denna rapport på upcycling som en affärsmodell istället för som en designstrategi. / Purpose The purpose of the report was to investigate possibilities for producing an upcycling collection in Sweden, where the material is leftover second hand textiles collected by Human Bridge. Method A qualitative research strategy with an inductive research process has been used as a methodological approach. Qualitative research is more flexible and less structured than quantitative research. In addition to literature studies, the report is mainly based on a semi-structured interview with staff from Human bridge. Business Model Canvas and SWOT-analysis were used to analyze the collected data. Results The results show that there is potential for an upcycling collection, but also some risks. For example, we see that there is a lack of knowledge regarding textiles within the organization, but that there is no shortage of upcycling materials. Value In contrast to the majority of research we have been able to find, this report focuses on upcycling as a business model instead of as a design strategy.

Considering the rapid increase in the ICT (Information & Communication Technology) products in use, there is a risk of an increase in GHG emissions and electronic waste accumulation in the ICT sector. Therefore, it becomes important to account for the emissions in the ICT sector in order to take steps to mitigate them. There are several methods put forward under ETSI, ITU-T, GHG protocol, etc., which can be used to measure the emissions in the ICT sector. Two such methods are Product Life Cycle Assessment (PLCA) and Spend-based, which are used in this study to account for scope 3, category 1 emissions in the ICT sector. Scope 3, category 1 emissions are released during the raw material acquisition and part production phase of the ICT product’s life cycle and account for a major portion of the overall emissions. As the ICT sector is a very huge field of study in itself, two ICT products, namely smartphones and laptops, are considered in this study to calculate their overall scope 3, category 1 emissions. A list of influential components in smartphones and laptops is defined to be included in the Excel Management Life Cycle Assessment (EMLCA) tool to calculate the scope 3, category 1 emissions. A comprehensive comparison between PLCA and Spend-based methods is also studied during the process of calculating their emissions. These observations are then used to make critical analyses and compare the two methods under results and discussions based on various parameters described under them. Both the methods were found to be suitable for calculating the emissions, with some uncertainty, although the Spend-based method was a quicker approach to do so. The PLCA method, although more complex, was found to be more suitable for ICT product eco-design. Both methods required a different set of primary data and were sensitive to various components in smartphones and laptops. This study illustrates the parameters that affect PLCA and Spend-based methods and discusses the pros and cons of them depending on the situations they are used in.

Vi har i denna uppsats undersökt hur ett småföretag kan skapa gemensamt värde kopplat till en av deras produkter, och hur skapandet av gemensamt värde kan bidra till en cirkulär värdekedja. För att undersöka frågeställningen har teorier om värdekedjor, gemensamt värdeskapande samt cirkulär ekonomi applicerats på en produkt, Clamp Tray, som säljs av det svenska småföretaget NAVET. Genom intervjuer och annat informationssamlande, har en tydlig värdekedja av Clamp Tray byggts upp, och denna har slutligen analyserats med en kombination av teorierna gällande gemensamt värde och cirkulär ekonomi. Resultaten visar att Clamp Tray redan har kommit en god bit på vägen till en cirkulär värdekedja, och att det även finns en stor potential inför framtida utveckling, genom bland annat omdefinierande av produktiviteten i värdekedjan, återupptagandet av produkter och marknader samt möjliggörandet av lokala kluster, faktorer som är centralt inom gemensamt värdeskapande.

Social Entrepreneurship and Social Enterprises are an emerging trend. An increasing number of individuals are finding ways to address a social issue through their entrepreneurial skills. As well as increasing number of corporations and investing organizations are looking for ventures that address a social issue to fulfill their social responsibility. Thus, it is increasingly becoming important for the social entrepreneurs to measure and report their impacts to society in an accurate way. This research seeks to find out the challenges faced by social entrepreneurs while setting up social impact measurements in their ventures and the solutions adopted by them. Through a series of semi‐structured interviews with successful social entrepreneurs, this research collects qualitative data that increases the knowledge in this area and contributes in a better understanding of the challenges faced by social entrepreneurs. This research found that Theory Of Change is the most commonly used method and is preferred by practitioners as it is easy to implement. The research summarises the efforts it takes to implement the measurements, recommends best practices or advice to make impact measurement easier and useful. Also, a framework is developed that can be used in setting up measurements in a social venture.

Kraven på företag idag att ställa om till en hållbar verksamhet är höga vilket innebär att de måste se till alla stegen i produktionen, från fiber till färdig produkt. Denna hållbarhetsomställning är ett producentansvar som bland annat har som högsta prioritet att minska utsläppen av växthusgaser som uppstår vid tillverkning av textilier. Den växthusgas som har störst negativ påverkan är koldioxid, vilket den textila industrin bidrar rejält med, och det är därför av stor vikt att hitta substitut för många redan befintliga material som har lägre koldioxidavtryck. Arbetet innefattar en del av en livscykelanalys med beräkningar på produktionen och transporten av en textil produkt från ett svenskt outdoorföretag för att se mängden koldioxidutsläpp den avger samt vilka förändringar som kan och måste göras för att minska dessa. Studien är empirisk och kvantitativ med enkätundersökning som metod för datainsamling. Bearbetning och analys av kvantitativ data kommer att användas under arbetets gång med komplettering av kvalitativa intervjuer. Datainsamlingen sammanställs i verktyget Higg Index som omvandlar siffrorna och faktan till koldioxidekvivalenter. Resultatet visar att störst utsläpp av växthusgasen koldioxid sker under materialtillverkningen följt av transporten. Med bland annat hjälp av ett antal begränsningsstrategier inom material och tillverkningsfasen, renare energianvändning och effektivitetsförbättringar samt kortare transportsträckor kan utsläppen av koldioxid minskas. / The requirements for companies today to switch to a sustainable business are high, which means that they must ensure all stages of production, from fiber to finished product. This sustainability adjustment is a producer responsibility which, among other things, has the highest priority to reduce greenhouse gas emissions that occur during the manufacture of textiles. The greenhouse gas that has the greatest negative impact is carbon dioxide, which the textile industry contributes enormously to, and it is therefore of great importance to find substitutes for many already existing materials that have lower carbon footprints. The work includes part of a life cycle analysis with calculations of the production and transport of a textile product from a Swedish outdoor company to see the amount of carbon dioxide emissions it emits and what changes can and must be made to reduce these. The study is empirical and quantitative with a questionnaire survey as a method for data collection. Processing and analysis of quantitative data will be used during the work with the supplementation of qualitative interviews. The data collection is compiled in the tool Higg Index, which converts the figures and facts into carbon dioxide equivalents. The results show that the largest emissions of the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide occur during material production, followed by transport. With the help of a number of limitation strategies in the materials and manufacturing phase, cleaner energy use and efficiency improvements as well as shorter transport distances, carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced.