Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka nyanlända barns användande av icke-verbal kommunikation när de leker fritt, samt om det är någon skillnad när en pedagog är närvarande. Det studeras också i vilka karaktäristiska lekar de nyanlända barnen använder sin icke-verbala kommunikation mest. Studien är kvalitativ och undersökningen är utförd genom observationer, som utfördes under två dagars tid. Observationerna har utförts på en mångkulturell förskola där fokus har varit på fri lek, den proximala utvecklingszonen, pedagogiska atmosfärer och icke-verbal kommunikation. Resultaten visar att de nyanlända barnen använder sig av icke-verbala kommunikationsformer när de leker med varandra, detta tydliggörs i fyra karaktäristiska lekar som beskrivs i resultatdelen. Vidare framgår det av studien att det finns skillnader i barnens kommunikationsstrategier när det finns pedagogiskt stöd i leken gentemot när barnen leker utan pedagogers stöd. / The purpose of this study is to examine the newly arrived children's use of non -verbal communication when they are playing freely, and if there is any difference when a preschool teacher is present. It is also being studied in which characteristic games the newly arrived children use their non - verbal communication the most. The study is qualitative and the study is performed through observations. The observations have been conducted in a multicultural preschool where the focus has been at free play, the proximal development zone, educational atmospheres and non-verbal communication . The results show that the newly arrived children use non-verbal forms of communication when playing with each other , this is made clear in the four characteristic games described in the results section of this study. Furthermore , it appears from the study that there are differences in the children's communication strategies when there are educational support in children’s play compared to when they play and do not have educator’s support.

Darbe nagrinėjamos psichologinių ir pedagoginių ugdymo(si) priemonių, socialinės aplinkos įtaka ir panaudojimo galimybės, ugdant Aspergerio sindromą turintį vaiką, bendrojo lavinimo įstaigose. / The paper analyzes the influence and usability of psychological and pedagogical education tools and the social environment educating a child with Asperger syndrome in the secondary schools.

Thesis (MPhil )--Stellenbosch University, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study is interested in discourses of displacement in which migrants articulate the experience of seeking improved life chances in a community considerably removed from their place of origin. Not only physical and environmental distance, but also distance related to cultural, linguistic and religious differences distinguish the (im)migrants from the local indigenous population, which is already a culturally and linguistically diverse community. This study investigates how histories of displacement and experiences of alienation or integration may be discursively managed among a group of young Somali males aged between 15 and 35 who entered South Africa in their late teens or early twenties. Specifically, this thesis considers how young Somali men who relocated to a rural Western Cape town and make a living through trading, present themselves in English-language narratives elicited during informal interviews. The study was conducted in Vredenburg, the administrative centre and economic hub of the Saldanha Bay Municipal area on the West Coast of South Africa. The data for the study was collected by means of audio recorded interviews. To supplement this data and gain more perspective on the situatedness of the discourses, the researcher further relied on field notes as well as additional informal conversations with the participants. The data was collected over a period of five months in 2007. To analyse the data, the researcher draws on the theoretical frameworks of Labov's structural analysis of narratives and Wodak and Reisigl's (2001) discourse-historical approach, and Bamberg's (1997) narrative constructivist perspective. The research aims to determine (i) how the narrators construct themselves in their narratives, and (ii) how speakers position themselves towards the content of their narratives, and towards their actual and imagined audiences. This study shows that displacement brings about new contexts characterised by uncertainty, conflict and inequalities, and this influences the way narrators orient themselves. The Somali narrators, in interviews conducted in English with a community outsider, position themselves as displaced and marginalised. During their narratives, the participants used several linguistic strategies to present themselves in various ways to actual or imagined audiences, which lead to negative otherpresentation and positive self-presentation and construction of in-group and out-group membership. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie fokus op diskoerse van ontworteling waarin migrante hul ervaring verwoord van ’n soeke na beter lewensgeleenthede in ’n gemeenskap ver verwyderd van hul plek van herkoms. Buiten vir die fisiese en omgewingsafstand, is daar ook afstand daargestel deur kulturele, linguistiese en godsdiensverskille, wat die (im)migrante onderskei van die plaaslike bevolking – op sigself ’n kultureel en linguisties diverse gemeenskap. Hierdie studie doen ondersoek na hoe geskiedenisverhale oor ontworteling en ervarings van vervreemding of integrasie diskursief bestuur kan word binne ’n groep jong Somaliese mans van 15 tot 35 jaar wat Suid-Afrika in hul laat tienerjare of vroeë twintigerjare binnegekom het. Die tesis fokus spesifiek op hoe jong Somaliese mans wat na ’n plattelandse Wes-Kaapse dorp migreer het en ’n handelsbestaan voer, hulself voorstel in Engelstalige narratiewe wat ontlok is tydens informele onderhoude. Die studie is gedoen in Vredenburg, die administratiewe en ekonomiese kern van die Saldanhabaai Munisipale Area aan die Weskus van Suid-Afrika. Die data vir die studie is ingesamel deur middel van klankopnames van onderhoude. Ten einde dié data aan te vul en meer perspektief te verkry ten opsigte van die plasing van die diskoerse, het die navorser verder gesteun op veldnotas sowel as bykomende informele gesprekke met die deelnemers. Die data is oor ’n tydperk van vyf maande in 2007 versamel. In die ontleding van die data maak die navorser gebruik van die teoretiese raamwerke van Labov se strukturele analise van narratiewe en Wodak en Reisigl (2001) se diskoers-historiese benadering, asook Bamberg (1997) se narratief-konstruktivistiese perspektief. Die navorsing het ten doel om vas te stel (i) hoe die vertellers hulself in hul narratiewe konstrueer, en (ii) hoe sprekers hulself posisioneer ten opsigte van die inhoud van hul narratiewe en ten opsigte van hul werklike en denkbeeldige gehore. Hierdie studie toon dat ontworteling nuwe kontekste skep wat gekenmerk word deur onsekerheid, konflik en ongelykhede en ’n invloed het op die wyse waarop vertellers hulself orienteer. Tydens onderhoude met ’n gemeenskapsbuitestaander, uitgevoer in Engels, posisioneer die Somaliese vertellers hulself as ontwortel en gemarginaliseer. In hul narratiewe gebruik hulle verskeie linguistiese strategieë om hulself op verskillende maniere voor te stel aan werklike en denkbeeldige gehore wat lei tot ’n negatiewe voorstelling van die Ander, ’n positiewe voorstelling van die Self en die daarstelling van binne- en buite-groep lidmaatskap.

This work presents an investigation of the way physiotherapists perform their communication with subjects with chronic non-progressive encephalopathy (CNPE) having restricted or absent speech. For this purpose, we interviewed twelve physiotherapists about non-verbal communication and then we interviewed the five physiotherapists who knew and used the alternative and augmentative communication (AAC) in therapy about the use of this resource. After the initial reading of the narratives, we noticed that all the physiotherapists consider non-verbal communication important and perform it, mainly through reading facial and body expressions. Concerning the use of AAC, the five professionals of the sample emphasized the importance of this resource, although only one of them makes use of it routinely. We conclude that the physiotherapists strive to invest in non-verbal communication and/or AAC with CNPE subjects who present restricted or absent speech and that such an investment improves the hospitalization outcomes and the interaction between the subjects and the professionals who treat them. However, the theoretical and practical learning of non-verbal communication and ACC seems flawed and inadequate in physiotherapy undergraduate course. This fact can be considered one of the causes of the poor use of non-verbal communication as well as one of the causes of the lack of knowledge or of the non-routine use of AAC in therapy. The results suggest the need to overcome the purely biomedical model in the formation of the physiotherapist and to adopt some training that seeks to humanize and promote quality in physical therapy services. / Este trabalho apresenta uma investigação sobre a forma de comunicação que o fisioterapeuta efetua durante a sessão com o sujeito com Encefalopatia Crônica Não Progressiva (ECNP) com oralidade restrita ou ausente. Para tal meta, foram realizadas entrevistas com doze fisioterapeutas sobre a comunicação não verbal e, a seguir, sobre o uso da Comunicação Aumentativa Alternativa (CAA) na terapia com cinco fisioterapeutas que conheciam e utilizaram esse recurso. Após a leitura inicial da coletânea das narrativas, verificou-se que todos os fisioterapeutas consideram importante e realizam a comunicação não verbal, principalmente por meio da leitura de expressões corporais e faciais. Quanto ao uso da CAA, os cinco fisioterapeutas do grupo amostral ressaltaram a importância desse recurso, embora somente um desses o utilize rotineiramente. Conclui-se que os fisioterapeutas procuram investir em uma comunicação não verbal e/ou CAA com o sujeito com ECNP que apresenta oralização restrita ou ausente e que tal investimento produz melhoras na interação e no vínculo com o sujeito em tratamento. Todavia, o aprendizado teórico e prático, tanto da comunicação não verbal quanto da CAA, apresenta-se falho e insuficiente na graduação de Fisioterapia. Esse fato pode ser considerado como uma das causas do investimento precário na comunicação não verbal, assim como do desconhecimento ou do uso não rotineiro da CAA na terapia. Os resultados sugerem a necessidade de ultrapassar o modelo exclusivamente biomédico na formação do fisioterapeuta e de adotar uma formação que busque a humanização e a promoção de qualidade no atendimento fisioterápico.

This diploma thesis concerns the area of self-presentation of a teacher and effective use of his communication skills. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is theoretical and presents basic concepts of social communication and defines communication skills essential for effective teaching. The practical part is partly based on the output of a questionnaire survey where the author probes knowledge of communication skills of students of pedagogical faculty and how they evaluate their readiness for the profession of a teacher. Then the author provides a summary of the main rules of communication, necessary skills and practical recommendations. Summary of the main rules of communication, necessary skills and practical advice is also a guide that should help prevent problems with self-presentation and to mitigate or eliminate deficiencies in this area.

My thesis Factors of the verbal communication aimed at the economic sphere deals with the current topic from the field of communication in the economic sphere. Verbal communication is one of the basic tools of economy and business companies power applying. The thesis implies four main chapters. The first chapter describes the theoretical starting points of the work and defines the primary terms related to the topic verbal communication. The second chapter is attended to the specifics of the company communication, the communication target in the economical sphere, the purpose of the communication events in the economical sphere and to the strategy of the company communication. The third chapter is focused on the communication within the AHOLD Czech Republic Inc. company and the SPAR Czech business company LLC. The primary characteristics of these companies and the types of recorded texts are mentioned here. The fourth chapter is devoted to the comprehensive description of the distance communication according to the principles of the verbal communication theory. The aim of my work is the effort to the language capturing and understanding in relation to the practical activity in the business branch of the companies. The thesis tries to analyse specific communication events and to describe and specify the company distance communication according to the principles of the verbal communication theory. The specifics of the Czech business verbal communication are set down in the final part of this work.

Cette thèse démontre que la gestion des tours de parole des locuteurs non natifs vietnamiens en situation exolingue avec des locuteurs natifs français est caractérisée par deux types de stratégies : d’une part, des stratégies conversationnelles résultant soit de transferts de leur système de langue-culture à la situation exolingue, soit de l’appropriation des stratégies propres aux natifs français ; et d’autre part, des stratégies de communication pour pallier des problèmes de gestion de l’interaction. En plus, les problèmes de divergences codiques et culturelles entre natifs et non natifs peuvent provoquer des dysfonctionnements interactionnels et des « ratés » du système des tours de parole. En se servant de l’approche de l’analyse du discours-en-interaction, et à partir de corpus vidéo portant sur des situations de communication endolingues et exolingues, l’auteur analyse et compare les stratégies de gestion des tours de parole dans ces deux situations. Les analyses quantitatives sur la moyenne des pauses inter-tours, les chevauchements et les interruptions sont réalisées pour connaître la tendance générale des interactions. Les analyses qualitatives se focalisent sur les techniques de prise, de conservation et de passation de tour de parole des non natifs, tant sur le plan verbal que non verbal, pour en dégager les particularités.Cette thèse débouche sur des pistes pédagogiques de sensibilisation et d’entraînement aux stratégies de gestion des tours de parole des natifs français afin de mieux préparer les apprenants en situation institutionnelle à une conversation exolingue en milieu naturel. / This thesis shows that turn-taking management by Vietnamese non-native speakers communicating with French native speakers is characterized by two strategies : on the one hand, conversational strategies either resulting from transfers from their language-culture system or from the acquisition of strategies used by native French speakers ; on the other hand, communication strategies used to overcome problems of interactional management. Problems due to language and cultural divergences between native and non-native speakers may also provoke a disfunctioning of the turn-taking system.Using a method of analysis of discourse in interaction, based on a video corpus of situations of communication between native speakers and between native and non native speakers, the author analyses and compares turn-taking strategies used in these two situations. Quantitative analyses of the average rates of gaps, overlaps and interruptions are carried out to discover the general tendencies within the interactions. Qualitative analyses focus on non-native speakers’ verbal and non-verbal techniques of turn-taking, turn-keeping and turn-passing to establish their particularities.The thesis ends with a few suggestions of methods of conscious-raising and training in native speaker turn-taking strategies in order to prepare the Vietnamese learners working in an institutional context to take part in conversation with French speakers in a natural setting.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo a identificação e o estudo da permanência de formas arquitetônicas greco-romanas, ditas clássicas, nas primeiras igrejas cristãs, em uma fase inicial do seu estabelecimento na região da Palestina, desde o governo de Constantino, na primeira metade do século IV d. C., até o final do século VI d. C. Nesse intervalo de quase três séculos procuramos identificar as formas arquitetônicas essenciais que serão constitutivas das igrejas cristãs em seu momento inicial de organização e estudar de que maneira elementos da cultura clássica foram recuperados e usados nesses espaços. Buscamos ir além da análise estritamente material desses edifícios, que evidenciam em suas formas idéias e valores antigos em contraposição a novos elementos que são adotados nesse momento de mudança, produtos concretos de uma nova cultura que se configura nessa época, conhecida como Período Bizantino. / The goal of this dissertation is the identification and study of Graeco-roman architectural forms - classical forms - that were preserved in early Christian churches built in the Palestinian area. The chronological scope is from the first half of the IVth. century, under Constantine\'s rule, to the end of the VIth. century AD. Studying these three centuries, we tried to recognize which basic architectural shapes had been part of early Christian churches and which classical shapes were preserved. We tried to go beyond the building materials, looking for ancient ideas and values still in use in this age of transformation, called Byzantine Period, when the new concepts of an arising culture were starting to achieve material forms.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:00:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pre-Textuais - Dissertacao de Mestrado - Lidiane.pdf: 311654 bytes, checksum: 19daed8273c9eb6090c0d97471c6d169 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-20 / The discourse of universal education brought with it hopes of classes not previously served by a public policy that would guarantee the right to education. Thus discussions about inclusive education were strengthened so that disesteem teacher training to work in this area. Assuming that when the teacher in space reflects their conceptions and their practices, becoming aware of them and having a theoretical basis, this will bring changes in teaching practice of critical and reflective nature insist that the social networks of research may emerge as an area to promote the interactions required for such changes. Thus, this research was conducted in a social network as a strategy for initial and continuing training of teachers. The system in question is called Goiana Interdisciplinary Network of Special Education / Inclusive (RPEI) composed by student teachers, teacher trainers and teachers who seek to regulate actions reflected through social interactions that are promoted by RPEI. Indeed, this research has as its object of study verbal communication produced in RPEI. We aim to make an analysis of verbal communication RPEI produced in the environment, in other words, how this dynamic of social interactions between the University and the Coordination of Special Education Ministry of Education of Goiás (COEE-GO) can contribute to teacher training aiming at the inclusion school. We present the results by analyzing two types of categories, namely: a priori categories (previously developed) and retrospective (emerged from the voices of the subjects) that allow us to say that some initiatives may become more effective procedures for training teachers under the Education inclusive, as is the case of RPEI. / O discurso da universalização do ensino trouxe consigo anseios de classes antes não atendidas por uma política pública que garantisse o direito à educação. Sendo assim discussões acerca da educação inclusiva foram intensificadas de forma que perpassasse a formação de professores para atuar neste âmbito. Partindo do pressuposto de que quando o professor reflete no espaço de suas concepções e de suas práticas, tomando consciência delas e tendo um aporte teórico, isto proporcionará mudanças na prática docente de cunho crítico-reflexiva insistimos que as redes sociais de pesquisas podem surgir enquanto espaço para se promover as interações necessárias para tais mudanças. Sendo assim, esta investigação foi realizada em uma rede social, como estratégia para a formação inicial e continuada de professores. A rede em questão se denomina Rede Goiana Interdisciplinar de Educação Especial/Inclusiva (RPEI) sendo composta por professores em formação, professores formadores e professores do ensino regular que buscam por ações refletidas através das interações sociais que são promovidas pela RPEI. Com efeito, esta pesquisa tem como objeto de estudo a comunicação verbal produzidas na RPEI. Objetivamos fazer uma análise dessa comunicação verbal produzida no ambiente da RPEI, ou seja, como esta dinâmica de interações sociais entre a Universidade e a Coordenação de Ensino Especial Secretaria de Estado da Educação de Goiás (COEE-GO) pode contribuir para a formação de professores com vistas à inclusão escolar. Apresentamos os resultados analisando dois tipos de categorias, a saber: categorias a priori (previamente elaboradas) e a posteriori (emergiram das vozes dos sujeitos) que permitem nos dizer, que algumas iniciativas podem tornar mais eficazes os processos de formação de professores no âmbito da Educação Inclusiva, assim como é o caso da RPEI.

The aim of this study was to examine which impact social media has on gender equality. During The Oscars Red Carpet Live 2014 the hashtag #Askhermore arose in the social media sphere. The hashtag implies an existing difference in the questions asked towards women and men on the red carpet. To get a closer look into the climate on the red carpet this study focuses merely on the American Broadcasting Channel’s (ABC) broadcasts from the Oscars red carpet. To be able to follow up the movement and its’ potential effect, the study views two broadcastings done before the establishment of the hashtag and two done after. Focusing on the verbal communication (the language being used), as well as the visual communication (the camera movements and angles), our study shows that #Askhermore has had a great impact on ABC’s Oscars red carpet broadcasts. By looking at these two types of communication in our analysis, it is revealed that women, before the establishment of #Askhermore, were mainly asked about their looks and clothes - while men were asked about their accomplishments in acting. Something that was drastically changed during the two later years of reporting, where women instead were asked the same type of questions as the male actors attending the event. Which indicates a fair amount of stereotypes being reproduced by the reporters at this Hollywood event.