Flexible electronics using III-V materials for nano-electronics with high electron mobility and optoelectronics with direct band gap are attractive for many applications. This thesis describes a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) compatible process for transforming traditional III-V materials based electronics into flexible one. The thesis reports releasing 200 nm of Gallium Arsenide (GaAs) from 200 nm GaAs / 300 nm Aluminum Arsenide (AlAs) stack on GaAs substrate using diluted hydrofluoric acid (HF). This process enables releasing a single top layer compared to peeling off all layers with small sizes at the same time. This is done utilizing a network of release holes that contributes to the better transparency (45 % at 724 nm wavelengths) observed. Fabrication of metal oxide semiconductor capacitor (MOSCAPs) on GaAs is followed by releasing it to have devices on flexible 200 nm GaAs. Similarly, flexible GaSb and InP fabrication process is also reported to transform traditional electronics into large-area flexible electronics.

Šiame darbe nagrinėjama Vidurio Europos visuomenių kultūrinė transformacija perėjimo į demokratiją procese. Remiantis skirtingais liberalų ir sociologų požiūriais į kultūros transformaciją, darbe siekiama empiriškai įvertinti kultūrinės, politinės ir ekonominės transformacijos sąveiką, išryškinant kultūrinę transformaciją įtakojančius veiksnius. Kultūros raidos specifika analizuojama pagal keturių skirčių schemą: nacionalizmas vs. kosmopolitizmas, sekuliarumas vs. religingumas, komunizmas vs. antikomunizmas ir liberalizmas vs. autoritarizmas. Darbe daroma išvada, kad politinių / ekonominių reformų radikalumas tik ribotai lemia kultūros transformaciją demokratijai palankia linkme. Tyrimas atskleidžia, kad kai kurie pamatiniai kultūriniai elementai praktiškai nereaguoja į politines ir ekonomines reformas, todėl, bent jau kultūrinės transformacijos prasme, demokratijos konsolidacijos perspektyvos Vidurio Europos šalyse artimiausiu metu yra ribotos. / The collapse of communist rule in Central Europe (CE) and the third wave of democratization gave a significant impulse for development of theory of political sciences. Though the democratization process in CE is analyzed from various perspectives, key attention is paid for procedural aspects of regime transformation: institutional reforms, the creation of market economy, consolidation of democracy, CE integration to the European Union are the most attractive topics for researches of political sciences. Still there is a lack of theoretical approach towards systemic transformation that includes not only political or economical, but also cultural factors. Therefore it is worth to complement this gap of theoretical literature by focusing on aspects of the cultural transformation in the postcommunist region. The main purpose of the master dissertation is to analyze the dynamics of cultural transformation in four CE countries: Poland, Hungary, Czech Republic and Slovakia. The results of research of cultural cleavages in CE countries shows that the cultural transformation in each country does not depend particulary on radical political and economical reforms. Culture developes according its own logic, and non of the theories is adequate to explain cultural transformation. Research shows that some cultural elements (trust, tolerance) are not in the phase of transformation at all: they are stagnant, not reactive to reforms. Therefore, the communist legacies have still strong roots in... [to full text]

In this arts-based study, I will discuss using craft techniques such as crazy quilting in the creative process of making art. The paper describes the history of crazy quilts, a brief summary of artists who use quilts as a medium, and a description of how teaching craft-making skills in the classroom can encourage students to use them for art-making.

This thesis presents an analysis of third person accusative pronouns in Brazilian Portuguese. With the aim to analyze the variation between the use of standard (prescribed by normative grammar) and non-standard pronouns found in oral language, I gathered data from three kinds of TV show (news, non-scripted and soap-opera) in order to determine which form of pronoun is more common and if there is any linguistic and/or sociolinguistic factors that will influence on their usage. Based on data collected, I demonstrate that non-standard forms are favored in general and that the rules prescribed by normative grammar involving standard forms are only followed in specific contexts. Among all the variables considered for the analysis, the ones that showed to be significant were the kind of show, the context of the utterance, the socio-economic status of the speaker and verbs in the infinitive. Considering my results, I provide a discussion regarding to which extent the distribution of the 3rd-person pronouns on TV reflect their use by Brazilians and a brief discussion of other issues related to my findings conclude this work. / February 2016

The purpose with this paper is to give an overview of the P ≟ NP problem and explore the impact of the three possible solutions on our computerized society. We will, inter alia, go through the P ≟ NP problems  importance, beliefs about the problem and essential concepts. / Syftet med uppsatsen är att ge en översiktlig bild av P ≟ NP problemet och redogöra kring problemets tre möjliga lösningar samt vad dessa skulle innebära för vårt datoriserade samhälle. Vi kommer bland annat att gå igenom P ≟ NP problemets betydelse, tro kring problemet och relevanta begrepp.

Master of Agribusiness / Department of Agricultural Economics / Allen M. Featherstone / Johnsonville Sausage is a privately held company based in Sheboygan Falls, WI. The company has a growing cooked sausage business and is evaluating options to expand capacity. Investing in either of two existing facilities or outsourcing production to a co-manufacturer is being considered in this make versus buy analysis. Intense competition in the category and uncertain raw material markets are considerations in the evaluation. Data used for the analyses were obtained from Johnsonville sources. Assumptions for the “make” analyses were based on existing data where applicable such as labor and utilities, and in other cases assumptions were made based on company knowledge of the process. Johnsonville engineers worked closely with equipment vendors to develop the building and equipment investment plan. Data for the “buy” alternative were received from a prequalified co-packer with advanced manufacturing technology. A Net Present Value (NPV) model is developed for each alternative and used to determine financial viability of each. The models consider varying investment requirements, freight rates and cost of goods for each alternative. Sensitivity analyses are performed to address key variables such as raw material prices and sales volume. The paper concludes that investment in Sheboygan is a viable option; however, the investment poses risk if raw material prices rise and or volume declines from expected projections. Therefore, the recommendation is to outsource production and initiate the Sheboygan project when the co-packed volume reaches 15 million pounds.

A produção de mudas via propagação vegetativa é fundamental para se obter os ganhos desejados nos programas de melhoramento genético, bem como garantir o sucesso da implantação florestal. No entanto, existem muitos fatores que impedem a sua utilização de forma abrangente na produção de mudas para algumas espécies florestais, principalmente em relação à baixa taxa de enraizamento. Para atender a essa necessidade, pesquisas com o uso de substâncias que promovam maior taxa de enraizamento de miniestacas e crescimento de mudas vem sendo desenvolvidas, como o uso de reguladores de crescimento e de bioestimulantes à base de substâncias húmicas. Dessa forma o objetivo do presente trabalho é avaliar o efeito de adubos foliares e condicionadores de solo na produção de mudas clonais de híbridos de Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis vs. elliottii var. elliottii e de Pinus tecunumanii vs. caribaea var. hondurensis. Os experimentos foram desenvolvidos em viveiro florestal na cidade de Paranapanema-SP, com delineamento de blocos ao acaso, em arranjo fatorial 4x2, com duração de seis meses. Foram utilizados dois condicionadores de solo, sendo o C1 à base de pescados marinhos e o C2 à base de ácidos húmicos e quatro adubos foliares, sendo AF1 à base de quitosana, AF2 à base de pescados marinhos, AF3 à base de ácido húmico e AF4 extrato da alga Ascoplhyllum nodosum, além da mistura dos adubos M1AF (AF2+AF3+AF4) e o M2AF (AF1+AF3+AF4). Foram instalados dois experimentos: 1) híbrido de P. caribaea var. hondurensis vs. elliottii var. elliottii, testando a combinação dos dois condicionadores de solo e os adubos AF2, AF3, AF4 e M1AF e 2) híbrido de P. tecunumanii vs. carearia var. hondurensis em que a única alteração nos tratamentos foi o AF2 por AF1 e o M1AF por M2AF. As mudas foram avaliadas nas três fases da seguinte forma: 1) casa de vegetação: taxa de enraizamento; 2) casa de sombra: altura, massa seca e verde da parte aérea e radicial e a relação entre elas; e 3) rustificação: avaliadas as mesmas variáveis da casa de sombra, além do estado nutricional das acículas. Para o experimento 1, a taxa de enraizamento com C2 + AF3 foi 46,67% maior quando comparada à testemunha, comprovando o efeito positivo das substâncias húmicas no enraizamento. Já na fase de rustificação, a interação C1 + AF3 promoveu maior crescimento das mudas. Para o experimento 2, não houve diferença nas taxas de enraizamento na casa de vegetação, devido a característica de rápido crescimento do P. tecunumanii. E, na fase de rustificação, o adubo foliar AF4 promoveu maior crescimento somente em altura. Na casa de sombra, os tratamentos testados não promoveram crescimento significativo para ambos os híbridos. Os teores nutricionais analisados nas acículas estão dentro dos níveis adequados para ambos os experimentos. Somente o Mn apresentou baixo teor, mas sem sintomas de deficiência no experimento 2. Os híbridos obtiveram respostas diferentes quando submetidos a tratamentos semelhantes e a determinação do tratamento adequado vai depender do gargalo na produção de mudas, podendo este ser o enraizamento ou o crescimento. / The production of cuttings by vegetative propagation is essential to obtain the desired accomplishment in genetic improvement programs and ensure the success of forest establishment. However there are many factors that prevent their use in a comprehensive manner considering the production of cuttings for some forest species especially in low rooting rate. In order to meet this need research on the use of substances that promote greater rooting rates of minicuttings and growth of cuttings have been developed with the use of growth regulators and biostimulants based on humic substances. Thus the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of foliar fertilizers and soil conditioners in the production of Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis vs. elliottii var. elliottii and Pinus tecunumanii vs. caribaea var. hondurensis hybrids cuttings. The experiment was conducted in the city of Paranapanema-SP using cutting nursery with delineation of randomized blocks in a factorial arrangement 4x2, lasting six months. It used two soil conditioners, the C1 based on marine fish and C2 based on humic acids and 4 foliar fertilizers, the AF1 chitosan base, AF2 based on marine fish, AF3 based on humic acid and AF4 by Ascoplhyllum nodosum seaweed extract, besides the mixture of fertilizers M1AF (AF2;AF3;AF4) and M2AF (AF1;AF3;AF4). Two experiments were implemented: 1) hybrid of P. caribaea var. hondurensis vs. elliottii var. elliottii, testing the combination of two soil conditioners as well as fertilizers AF2, AF3, AF4 and M1AF and 2) hybrid of P. tecunumanii vs. caribaea var. hondurensis in which the only change in treatment was the AF2 by AF1 and M1AF by M2AF. Cuttings were evaluated in three phases as follows: 1) greenhouse: rooting rate; 2) shade house: higher, aerial drywet mass and radicial part as well as the relationship between them; 3) hardening: the shade house had the same variables evaluated, in addition with the nutritional status of needles. For the experiment 1, the rooting rate with C2 + AF3 were 46.67% higher compared with the control, this stated the positive effect of humic substances on rooting. Considering the hardening phase C1 + AF3 interaction promoted greater seedling growth. For the experiment 2 there was no difference in rooting rates at greenhouse, because the characteristic of fast growth of P. tecunumanii. In hardening phase, the foliar fertilizer AF4 promoted greater growth only in height. In the shade house treatments did not promote significant growth for both hybrids. Nutritional contents analyzed the needles leaves are within appropriate levels for both experiments. Mn showed only low level, but without deficiency symptoms in the experiment 2. Different answers were obtained on hybrids when subjected to similar treatment and to determine the appropriate treatment will depend on the obstaclecuttings production, which may either rooting or growth.

Orientadores: Maria Elvira Pizzigatti Corrêa, Cecília Amélia Fazzio Escanhoela / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T05:39:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Soares_TaniaCristinaBenetti_D.pdf: 3640740 bytes, checksum: 3cc935c816cada9809557953ff7cae3e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: A doença do enxerto contra o hospedeiro crônica (DECHc) é um processo inflamatório aloimune o qual resulta da resposta celular (células T) do doador contra o receptor em pacientes tratados pelo transplante de células progenitoras hematopoiéticas (TCTH). Os órgãos mais afetados são pele, mucosa oral, glândulas salivares e fígado. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os achados histopatológicos das glândulas salivares menores (GSM) e fígado dos pacientes afetados pela DECHc, comparando-os entre si, com as amostras destes órgãos de pacientes que não desenvolveram DECHc pós TCTH e com pacientes que não foram tratados pelo TCTH. Amostras de GSM e fígado de pacientes tratados por TCTH mieloablativo, de doadores aparentados com HLA idêntico, entre 1994 e 2006, foram analisadas. Cinquenta e sete pacientes foram selecionados, sendo 36 com DECHc oral e hepática e 21 sem DECH. O diagnóstico de DECHc foi definido por critérios clínicos (extensa/localizada), laboratoriais e de seguimento. Amostras sem alterações de pacientes não transplantados também foram avaliadas (19 de GSM e 20 de fígado). Os espécimes foram corados em hematoxilina e eosina, ácido periódico de Schiff (PAS), Tricrômio de Masson, Reticulina e Perls e tratados pela técnica de imuno-histoquímica para CD45, CD45RO, CD68, CD4, CD8, CD138 e AE1/AE3. Os critérios definidos pela classificação proposta pelo grupo de trabalho em histopatologia da reunião de consenso do National Institutes of Health (NIH) foram empregados para a avaliação de todas as amostras de ambos os órgãos. Nos espécimes corados pelo PAS, foi tomada a medida da área acinar das GSM, em imagens digitalizadas. No fígado de pacientes que desenvolveram DECH, foi observado aumento estatisticamente significante do número de células imunomarcadas para CD8 e CD45RO, quando comparado ao dos outros 2 grupos...Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital / Abstract: Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is an alloimmune inflammatory process, which results from a donor-origin cellular response (T cells) against host tissues. The organs mostly affected are skin, oral mucosa, salivary glands and liver. The aim of this study was to evaluate the histopathological findings of minor salivary glands (MSG) and liver of patients affected by cGVHD, comparing the findings each other and with those of the patients who did not develop cGVHD after HSCT and patients who were not underwent HSCT. MSG and liver samples from patients who underwent myeloablative HLA-matched HSCT from sibling donors, between 1994 and 2006, were analyzed. Fifty-seven patients were selected, being 36 with oral and hepatic cGVHD and 21 without GVHD. The diagnosis of cGVHD was defined through clinical/ laboratory criteria and follow-up. Samples from non-transplanted patients were also evaluated (19 MSG and 20 liver specimens). The specimens were stained with haematoxylin & eosin, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), Masson's trichrome, reticulin and Perls, and immunolabeled for CD45, CD45RO, CD68, CD4, CD8, CD138, and AE1/AE3. The criteria defined in the classification proposed by the consensus meeting of the National Institutes of Health were used for the evaluation of all samples of both organs. Digital images of the PAS stained sections were used to estimate the MSG acinar area. In the liver of patients who developed GVHD it was observed a statistically significant increase in the number of CD45RO and CD8 immunostained cells, comparatively with the other 2 groups...Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic document / Doutorado / Patologia / Doutor em Estomatopatologia

Master of Agribusiness / Department of Agricultural Economics / Keith D. Harris / Grain companies in the United States face many different challenges operating in a mature industry with a rich history in agriculture. The purpose of this thesis project is to examine a solution for a grain companies operating in a geographical region with considerable competition. By focusing on differentiation in level of services offered to customers, grain companies can become more profitable. The results of this study offer a solution, which centers on supply chain logistics. The objective of this project is to examine the make vs buy decision for operating a truck and trailer for grain transportation. Determining the decision factors that influence which method is the most optimal and to provide a method of relating the costs associated with each choice. In order to make an economic decision, a Truck Cost Calculator will be created to best reflect the most realistic cost structure for owning and operating a truck and trailer in house during an average crop year for a facility in Pratt County, KS. Other decision factors that are non-economic that provide a strategic benefit to a business will also be part of the project. Using industry data and relevant variables for the cost calculator, the end result is that operating choosing to operate truck logistics in house is the most cost effective option in the make vs buy decision. The optimal choice will differ individually between businesses when a strategic approach is taken to assess whether or not logistics is a core competency in the supply chain.

In this study, we present results from teleseismic receiver functions, in order to investigate the crustal thickness and Vp/Vs ratio beneath northern Peru. A total number of 981 receiver functions were analyzed, from data recorded by 28 broadband seismic stations from the Peruvian permanent seismic network, the regional temporary SisNort network and one CTBTO station. The Moho depth and average crustal Vp/Vs ratio were determined at each station using the H-k stacking technique to identify the arrival times of primary P to S conversion and crustal reverberations (PpPms, PpSs + PsPms). The results show that the Moho depth correlates well with the surface topography and varies significantly from west to east, showing a shallow depth of around 25 km near the coast, a maximum depth of 55-60 km beneath the Andean Cordillera, and a depth of 35-40 km further to the east in the Amazonian Basin. The bulk crustal Vp/Vs ratio ranges between 1.60 and 1.88 with the mean of 1.75. Higher values between 1.75 and 1.88 are found beneath the Eastern and Western Cordilleras, consistent with a mafic composition in the lower crust. In contrast values vary from 1.60 to 1.75 in the extreme flanks of the Eastern and Western Cordillera indicating a felsic composition. We find a positive relationship between crustal thickness, Vp/ Vs ratio, the Bouguer anomaly, and topography. These results are consistent with previous studies in other parts of Peru (central and southern regions) and provide the first crustal thickness estimates for the high cordillera in northern Peru.