Esta tese constitui uma pesquisa qualitativa que tem como foco um estudo de caso com adolescentes, doentes crônicos com Fibrose Cística (FC), internados em quarto restrito no Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), em situação de exclusão temporária e o acesso e uso da WEB 2.0 e de Ambientes Virtuais de Aprendizagem (AVAs). Apresenta como objetivos verificar as produções e interações de adolescentes com FC hospitalizados em quartos restritos quando se oportuniza o uso de recursos da WEB 2.0 e de AVAs, acompanhar e avaliar o processo de interação entre os adolescentes e destes com amigos virtuais através das redes sociais e observar e analisar a criação e produção de e entre os sujeitos no processo de utilização e exploração dos recursos tecnológicos. Os sujeitos desta pesquisa são oito adolescentes com acesso ao computador no período de hospitalização que integram as redes sociais no processo de interação, de vinculação e de compartilhamento constituindo um novo cenário nas relações sociais em quartos restritos do hospital. Descreve as discussões e interações dos adolescentes nos chats do AVA Eduquito, as produções de mídias e a construção colaborativa e cooperativa do Blog Cor@gem. O Blog se constitui no cenário em que os personagens acessam, usam e produzem de forma compartilhada as produções no uso de imagem, som e texto criando vídeos, tendo como tema principal a hospitalização, a doença e os laços de afeto entre os adolescentes participantes do projeto. A construção colaborativa e cooperativa no Blog propiciou um espaço de trabalho e de criação conjunta entre os adolescentes resultando em um espaço de construção sociointeracionista reunindo pacientes com FC, hospitalizados em quartos restritos, através de comunidades virtuais com acesso e uso da WEB 2.0. / This thesis is a qualitative research about a case study with adolescents with Cystic Fibrosis (CF), a chronic disease, hospitalized in a restricted room in the Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA). They are in a situation of temporary exclusion and they access and use WEB 2.0 and Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs). This thesis intends to verify the productions and interactions of these adolescents with CF hospitalized in restricted rooms when we offer to them the use of the Web 2.0 features and VLEs. This work also want to monitor and to evaluate the process of interaction between these adolescents with online friends through social networks, and to observe and to analyze the creation and production of these people in the process of exploration and use of technological resources. The subjects of this research are eight teenagers with access to computers during the hospitalization, that integrate social networks in the interaction‟s process, linking and sharing, constituting a new stage in social relations in restricted rooms in the hospital. Besides, this research also describes the discussions and interactions among adolescents in the AVA Eduquito chats, the media productions and the collaborative and cooperative building of the Blog Cor@gem. Using this Blog, the characters visit, use and build productions that are shared in the use of image, sound and text, creating videos, with the main theme of hospitalization, illness and the bonds of affection among adolescents that participate in this project. The cooperative construction of this Blog provided a collaborative creation among these adolescents, resulting in a construction of a sociointeractionist space, gathering CF patients hospitalized in restricted rooms through virtual communities with access to Web 2.0.

O presente trabalho tem como proposta apresentar algumas possibilidades para o uso da placa de prototipagem Arduino, uma plataforma de hardware e software livres, em conjunto com as tecnologias da informação e comunicação (TIC’s), especialmente com as ferramentas da WEB 2.0, na elaboração de atividades para o laboratório didático de Física do Ensino Médio, bem como sua utilização em sala de aula. Como exemplo de aplicação, foi desenvolvida uma sequência de atividades com a intenção de que venha a ser potencialmente significativa para o estudo introdutório de Óptica. Destaca-se o estudo qualitativo e quantitativo da reflexão, da refração e da absorção da luz e, também, das cores dos objetos. Essas atividades incluem roteiros de aula dinâmicos, onde o estudante desenvolve seu trabalho e o professor pode corrigi-lo diretamente pelo computador. Deste modo o conteúdo fica disponibilizado na internet, por meio de aplicativos livres para armazenamento e compartilhamento de arquivos, como o Google Drive, o que torna sua impressão dispensável e seu acesso possível de qualquer computador conectado à Web. Além dos roteiros, as atividades contam com equipamentos experimentais que foram especialmente desenvolvidos para a realização de coleta e análise de dados com o Arduino. Discutem-se nesse trabalho de dissertação a utilização desse instrumento de ensino, abordando seus aspectos positivos e sugerindo-se cuidados a serem tomados para o bom desenvolvimento das atividades. Descrevem-se também a confecção dos equipamentos, incluindo os custos envolvidos. O material de apoio ao professor e sugestões de roteiros a serem trabalhados com os estudantes será disponibilizado na série “Textos de Apoio ao Professor de Física” para que possa ser utilizado por outros professores na sua prática docente. Descreve-se a implementação do material instrucional em sala de aula, embasada nas teorias de Ausubel e Vygotsky, com turmas da 2ª série do Ensino Médio de uma escola da rede privada de ensino de São Paulo, SP, e discutem-se os resultados obtidos. / This work presents possible uses of Arduino prototyping board, an open-source physical computing platform, a hardware platform and free software, in connection with information and communication technologies (ICT), particularly with the Web 2.0 tools, for the development of activities for the Physics teaching in high-schools’ s laboratory. As a potential application, a series of activities was developed aiming a potentially meaningful for Optics learning. Among these activities we mention the qualitative and quantitative study of reflection, refraction, light absorption, and the colors of objects as well. These activities include lesson plays of dynamic classroom, in which student and teacher develop their work directly on the computer. Lecture content is available online, with the aid of free apps for file storing and sharing, such as Google Drive, which makes printing unnecessary and allows its access from any computer connected to the Web. In addition to lesson plays, activities include experimental tools specially built for data acquisition and analysis with the Arduino. In this work we discuss the application of these teaching tool, pointing out its positive aspects and particular requirements that must be met for the uttermost development of the activities. We also describe the manufacturing of the equipment, and the costs involved. Finally, we append a material for the teacher and suggested lesson plays to be implemented with students. This material will be made available in the series "Textos de Apoio ao Professor de Física", so it can be used by other teachers in their teaching practice. We add the description of the classroom implementation of the instructional material developed to 2nd high school year students of a private school of São Paulo, Brazil, and discuss the results obtained.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:49:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo1178_1.pdf: 3547294 bytes, checksum: 0346e70bb59e5094a46d2b28a8b3026c (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / A web está em constante evolução. A história da World Wide Web é marcada pelo advento de novos conceitos e tecnologias que mudaram significativamente a maneira com que as pessoas se relacionam, compartilham conteúdo, buscam informação e se comunicam. Em momento recente, conceitos como mashups, software as a service, cloud computing, application programming interface, dentre outros, tiveram impacto significativo na maneira com que os serviços e aplicações web são vistos e desenvolvidos. De outro lado, redes sociais online ganham popularidade na web alcançando centenas de milhões de pessoas ao redor do mundo e tornando-se plataforma para construção de negócios e aplicações variadas. Neste cenário de pessoas densamente conectadas e serviços disponibilizados na web que servem de infraestrutura básica para desenvolvimento, emerge um paradigma de entendimento e construção de aplicações web ao qual chamamos de Máquinas Sociais. Tal paradigma consiste em aplicações construídas e disponibilizadas em rede as quais consideram a prévia existência de repositórios, processadores, serviços e outros elementos que se tornam parte integrante do sistema. Por fim, descrevemos como se projeta e implementa uma Máquina Social, utilizando como exemplo um jogo interativo desenvolvido para usuários da rede social Twitter ao qual chamamos Futweet. Ao final do trabalho concebemos um framework conceitual particularmente útil para o entendimento, concepção e construção de novas e interessantes aplicações web, as Máquinas Sociais

Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-22T15:32:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_11644_Felipe_Disserta__o.pdf: 2510661 bytes, checksum: 150d9132b7da59f85a3b152c345b5631 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-11-21 / CAPES / O propósito deste estudo é avaliar a relação entre o uso das mídias sociais pelos municípios mais populosos do Brasil e o nível de transparência pública. A adoção das mídias sociais em todo mundo tem sido vista de modo positivo por trazer diversos benefícios para o setor público, dentre eles o aumento na transparência pública. Contudo, há evidências que têm identificado o uso das mídias como oportunidade de promoção pessoal e institucional acima do aumento da transparência pública. Este trabalho busca preencher essa lacuna no ambiente brasileiro sob a ótica da Teoria Institucional que pressupõe a busca de legitimidade das organizações, por meio da adoção de práticas socialmente aceitas. As características das mídias sociais foram verificadas por meio da análise da presença, conteúdos de divulgação e interatividade através das mídias sociais e ferramentas de Web 2.0. A amostra do estudo foi composta pelos 98 municípios dentre os 100 mais populosos do Brasil. A pesquisa foi conduzida com o Ranking de transparência do MPF para mensurar a transparência pública e o Índice de Divulgação Web 2.0 para mensurar o uso das mídias sociais nos municípios brasileiros. Os achados mostram que o uso das mídias sociais se encontra em estágio elevado, porém há pouco uso de ferramentas de Web 2.0. Os conteúdos com maior divulgação são referentes a serviços sociais, notícias do município e eventos culturais e desportivos. Não foi encontrada relação positiva entre a transparência pública do MPF e o Índice de Divulgação Web 2.0. Foi encontrada relação negativa entre o conteúdo divulgado nas páginas do Facebook e a transparência. É possível que municípios com baixa transparência legal estejam tentando se legitimar, divulgando conteúdo diversificado por meio das mídias sociais. Espera-se que os achados desta pesquisa motivem demais pesquisadores a investigar os efeitos do uso das mídias sociais no contexto brasileiro / The purpose of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the use of social media by the most populous municipalities in Brazil and the level of public transparency. The adoption of social media around the world has been positively seen as bringing benefits to the public sector, including increased public transparency. However, there are evidences that has identified the use of media as an opportunity for personal and institutional promotion above the increase of public transparency. This paper seeks to fill this gap in the Brazilian environment from the perspective of the Institutional Theory that presupposes the search for legitimacy of organizations through the adoption of socially accepted practices. The characteristics of social media were verified through the analysis of presence, contents of dissemination and interactivity through social media and Web 2.0 tools. The study sample consisted of 98 municipalities among the 100 most populous in Brazil. The survey was conducted with the MPF Transparency Ranking to measure public transparency and the Web 2.0 Disclosure Index to measure the use of social media in Brazilian municipalities. The findings show that the use of social media is at a high stage, but there is little use of Web 2.0 tools. The most publicized content refers to social services, news from the municipality and cultural and sports events. No positive relationship was found between MPF's public transparency and the Web 2.0 Disclosure Index. Negative relationship was found between content posted on Facebook pages and transparency. It is possible that municipalities with low legal transparency are trying to legitimize themselves by disseminating diversified content through social media. It is hoped that the findings of this research motivate other researchers to investigate the effects of the use of social media in the Brazilian context.

Abstract Social commerce is an emerging phenomenon and consumers’ acceptance of it has set a challenge for marketing today. The proliferation of Web 2.O technologies has brought consumers to spend most of the time online at different platforms of social media to connect with their family and friends. These mere connectivity, entertainment, and socialization platforms possess a huge potential to drive businesses. The main premise here is that social networking sites have been tremendously popular, especially Facebook, which has led to more integration of consumers and retailers. Consumers, unintentionally or subconsciously, are coming across information about their preferred brands at Facebook and their decision making is influenced through this. In this regard, a study is required that examines consumers’ acceptance behavior in social commerce settings. This dissertation contributes to the existing knowledge of the new phenomenon of social commerce in marketing literature. It highlights the consumers’ aspects of the acceptance of social commerce and contributes to the theoretical discussions on three levels: (i) it provides a general framework for engaging consumers online through traditional means (e-commerce) and new means (social commerce); (ii) it identifies the various consumer segments present at the most popular social networking site, Facebook; and finally (iii) it extends the recently devised model—the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2)—with constructs such as trust, perceived security, and perceived privacy in order to identify consumers’ trust in the new stream of social commerce. The main aim of this study is to understand consumers’ acceptance of social commerce empirically, in a way that enlightens the theoretical implications and enables managers to devise strategies accordingly in this new age of social commerce. To this end, data has been collected from three countries—Italy, Pakistan, and Australia—in order to have a diverse perspective on consumers around the world. The data comes from consumers who participate in social commerce and whose shopping decisions are influenced by Facebook. As social commerce is a rather new and unstructured phenomenon, this dissertation focused on the consumers’ perspective and the most popular social networking site, Facebook, thus providing a baseline theoretical model of further research with different categories, target audiences, and constructs. / Tiivistelmä Sosiaalinen kaupankäynti on nouseva ilmiö, ja kuluttajien hyväksyntä sitä kohtaan herättää haasteen nykypäivän markkinoinnille. Web 2.0-teknologioiden määrän räjähdysmäinen kasvu on saanut kuluttajat viettämään suurimman osan ajastaan sosiaalisen median eri alustoilla. Yhteydenpidon, viihteen sekä sosiaalisen kanssakäymisen alustat pitävät hallussaan valtavan liiketoimintapotentiaalin. Sosiaalisten yhteisöpalveluiden, etenkin Facebookin äärimmäinen suosio on johtanut integraatioon kuluttajien ja vähittäiskaupan välillä. Facebookissa kuluttajat, tietoisesti tai alitajuisesti, törmäävät informaatioon suosikkibrändeistään, mikä vaikuttaa heidän päätöksentekoonsa. Näin ollen on muodostunut tarve tutkia kuluttajien hyväksyntäkäyttäytymistä sosiaalisen kaupankäynnin kontekstissa. Tämä tutkielma edistää olemassa olevaa tietämystä sosiaalisen kaupankäynnin ilmiöstä markkinoinnin kirjallisuudessa. Se korostaa kuluttajanäkökulmaa sosiaalisen kaupankäynnin hyväksynnässä sekä osallistuu akateemiseen keskusteluun kolmella tasolla: i) tarjoamalla yleisen viitekehyksen kuluttajien sitouttamiseksi verkossa sekä perinteisin (verkkokaupankäynti) että uusin (sosiaalinen kaupankäynti) keinoin, ii) tunnistamalla tämän hetken suosituimman yhteisöpalvelu Facebookin erilaiset kuluttajasegmentit sekä iii) laajentamalla äskettäin laadittua yhtenäistä teoriamallia teknologian hyväksynnästä sekä käytöstä (UTAUT2), joka pyrkii tunnistamaan kuluttajien luottamusta sosiaaliseen kaupankäyntiin muun muassa luottamuksen ja koetun turvallisuuden sekä yksityisyyden rakenteiden kautta. Tutkimuksen pääasiallinen tavoite on saavuttaa ymmärrystä kuluttajien sosiaalisen kaupankäynnin hyväksynnästä empiirisesti, valaisten teoreettisia johtopäätöksiä sekä edistäen liikkeenjohdon mahdollisuuksia asianmukaisten strategioiden laadintaan sosiaalisen kaupankäynnin aikakaudella. Tähän mennessä aineistoa on kerättyä kolmesta maasta – Italiasta, Pakistanista ja Australiasta – monimuotoisen ja maailmanlaajuisen kuluttajaperspektiivin saavuttamiseksi. Data on kerätty sosiaaliseen kaupankäyntiin osallistuvilta kuluttajilta, joiden ostopäätökseen Facebook vaikuttaa. Sosiaalisen kaupankäynnin ollessa vielä suhteellisen uusi ja epämuodollinen ilmiö, tämä kuluttajanäkökulmaan suosituimmassa sosiaalisessa yhteisöpalvelussa Facebookissa keskittyvä tutkielma tarjoaa jatkotutkimuksia varten perustan teoreettiselle mallille eri kategorioineen, kohdeyleisöineen sekä rakenteineen.

Distance learning has been playing an ever more influential role. Yet there remains little rigorous academic research into distance learning pedagogy, lacking of serious study in management, delivery and organization of distance learning has destabilized the field. Recently, the boom of Web 2.0 has made websites a lot more intuitive, interactive and interesting; Web 2.0 is also widely used in distance education. Study of distance education as a result sometimes has been misdirected, instead of understanding and solving the real issues facing distance education, research in the field devoted entirely to technology usage discarding the very issue of effective education in distance context. In other words, instead of pursuing technology-relevant policies we focus on technology-driven policies. This thesis starts by reviewing learning theories and arguing for the case of why one is more suitable for distance learning than others. The author argues that constructivism, which favors a dynamic learning process, encourages people to interact, share ideas and bounce ideas is the more effective learning theory. But deploying constructivist pedagogy into real life is difficult. We need more concrete ideas as to how to organize distance learning, a framework to benchmark distance education, to evaluate distance education. That is where Moore’s transactional theory which actually derives from constructivist pedagogy comes into the picture. Moore pointed out 3 key areas of distance education: dialogue, structure and learner autonomy. Moore argues that by having enough constructive dialogue, flexible structure catering individualism and a high level of learner autonomy to execute learning; we can reduce “distance” in distance education. Moore is equally concerned about pedagogy as he is about technologies and he has incorporated into his theory how technological changes have influenced the way distance education has been delivered for the better. This is the brilliance of Moore’s, he has not sided with either pedagogy or technology, he observed the rise of technology and the influence it has on distance education but refused to see technology as the sole factor that makes distance learning more effective or reduces “distance” in distance education. The linkage between constructivism and Moore’s theory is of significance although it is only barely acknowledged in Moore’ writing. The magnitude of this connection is that first it highlights that the work that Moore has done has been based on strong theoretical pedagogy, his contribution is that he has simplified a grand ideology into something that can be applied in the class room. Also he has succeeded in refining elements of constructivism into working variables for quantitative research. His theory is still highly relevant today but his analysis of technologies’ roles has not yet included the latest explosion of technologies in the post-1993 age: the Internet, the booming Web and especially the new Web 2.0. The aim of this thesis is to extend his analysis to these new technologies. We studied how the explosion of Web 2.0 services have been facilitating rich dialogue among peers, teachers and learning materials, allowing more individualization to educational settings and structures. Also Web 2.0 lowers the barrier to participation and content generation and thus would be expected to encourage learner autonomy. A large part of the thesis has been dedicated to literature review. This is because the author believes that in order to improve distance education, it is necessary to first understand learning theory to know when and how people learn, and explore the nature of distance education to see the differences between distance and non-distance education, and then have a comprehensive plan to implement distance education, and evaluate that plan. The implementation bit is of course a practical project; the author used a real-life course at Umeå University where students from various backgrounds signed-up to learn about how Web 2.0 can be leveraged to enhance distance education. A constructivist approach was adopted so we had a chance to see how it actually turned out. We used Moore’s transactional distance theory to evaluate the impact of introducing Web 2.0. / In my thesis, I have discussed the role of distance-learning and have discussed how constructivism makes better education, Moore’s analysis that distance education is naturally education and thus what makes education makes good distance education. Better education according to Moore is when you can reduce “transactional distance” by influencing its makeup dialogue, structure and learner autonomy. I also looked at examples of where Web 2.0 has been successfully applied to reduce “transactional distance” grounded in Moore’s theory. I looked at the humble historical context of distance-learning and the spectacular achievements that distance-education teachers and students despite all those forces against change. I discussed the development of distance-education to become what it is today. I believe technologies are part of the solution but also we need strong pedagogy and a rigorous framework to guide it. The discussion of constructivism vs. objectivism showed the contrasting differences as well as certain overlapping elements of both ideologies. I believe constructivism was the pedagogy of the 21st century which involves a great deal of personal reflection, interaction among course peers and teachers as well as a shift in how education must be organized. Moore’s theory of transactional distance is grounded in constructivist pedagogy but has his fair share of genius thought. First, he convinced us that distance education is also education because the distance in distance education or what Moore called “transactional distance” also exists in face-to-face classroom education, to make better distance learning means to reduce “transactional distance”. Second, his ability to benchmark an operational framework to organize distance education and measure transactional distance as a result or influencing the three variables dialogue, structure and learner autonomy. His work has been proved by Saba (1994) with dynamic systems modeling as well as questioned by few critics of his poor theory construction as well as unconvincing empirical data gathered from a few studies. However, Moore’s theory of transactional distance is still the prominent theory and Moore himself a leading figure in the field. Transactional theory is realized by a new wave of highly interactive web technologies built on the architecture of openness and participatory. This plays well into constructivism of build a virtual learning community for collaborative learning. We looked at a prime example of employing Web 2.0 technologies for better distance education by Kane and Fichman (2009). The benefits of instruction activities that otherwise would not be possible without Web 2.0 have been analyzed and evaluated using Moore’s variables to yield a positive result. I also demonstrated a personal experience being part of a distance learning course at Umea University in Spring semester 2010 where we all learned about distance learning in the modern age and apply constructivism pedagogy and Moore’s transaction theory distance in evaluating the course. Understanding the theory makes me a better student because I know what makes effective learning and also further confirm my belief in the mandate of distance education, a distance education for all because you can’t learn individually. Kane and Fichman (2009) have surprised me to the extent of their creative ideas of applying Web 2.0 in education such as the idea of crowdsourcing and peer review by wikis. Able to use technologies especially in a live environment such as the course at Umea University gave me a real sense of gaps between theory and practice. / Author: Tran Huy Duc Mobile: 00-84-1283 27 47 09 Address: CC23 Truong Son St, Ward 15, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam E-mail: ductranhuy@yahoo.com

Studien redogör för vad tre företag anser att det finns för möjligheter med att använda sig av tekniker inom sociala medier. Både för att kunna sprida kunskap och information internt i företaget samt med kunder och partners externt. Tidskrifter och vetenskapliga artiklar inom IT-relaterade områden skriver frenetisktom hur sociala medier kan stödja verksamheter och möjliggöra enklare samarbete för företag. Via vår litteraturstudie har vi funnit att dagens KMS inte stödjer dagens behov gällande kunskaps- och informationsspridning. Studiens syfte är att undersöka vilka tekniker som företagen använder sig av idag för att sprida kunskap och information internt och externt samt vilken kunskap och ambition som företag har gällande tekniker inom sociala medier och vilka möjligheter de ser. Vi har utfört en litteraturstudie och utifrån denna skapat en intervjuguide. Intervjuguiden har använts för att genomföra personliga intervjuer med respondenter från de tre företagen.  Studiens slutsats visar att respondenterna uppfattade det egna företaget i dagens läge som otillräckligt, i form av resurser, för att kunna föra en dialog med sina kunder i sociala medier. Det visade sig också att respondenterna ansåg att det behövdes mer extensiva undersökningar över affärsnyttan med social medier. Samtidigt ansåg samtliga respondenter att det finns stora möjligheter gällande involvering av kunder och partners i utvecklingsprocessen av produkter genom att föra dialoger som bidrar till kunskaps- och informationsdelning på exempelvis forum. För att lyckas med användning av sociala medier krävs strategier och utbildning för hur teknikerna skall användas. Etiska frågor visade sig viktiga för vilken information som får publiceras ur företagssynpunkt. Beroende på typ av kundsegment (B2B alt. B2C) värderar företagen möjligheterna och teknikerna inom sociala medier olika. / The study examines what three companies believe are the possibilities regarding the use of technologies in social media, in order to share knowledge and information within the company as well as with partners, and with customers externally. Journals and scholarly articles on IT-related areas, writes franticly about how social media can support a company’s activities and allow for easier collaboration for businesses. Through our literature review, we have found that the current KMS does not support the needs of existing knowledge and information sharing. The purpose of this study is to examine the techniques that companies use today to spread information and knowledge internally and externally, and what knowledge and ambitions these possess regarding the technology and possibilities within the area of social media. We conducted a literature review and created an interview guide. The Interview guide was used to conduct personal interviews with respondents from the three companies. Conclusion of the study showed that the respondents perceived their own company as limited in terms of resources to be able to have a constant dialogue with their customers in social media. It was also found out that the respondents felt that more extensive surveys of the business value of social media are a must. While all respondents felt that there are great opportunities for customer- and involvement of partners in the development of products through dialogues on forums. For successful usage of social media, strategies and training is required. Ethical issues proved important for what information may be published in social media. The value on social media usage was dependent on which customer segment (B2B alt. B2C) the company was trying to reach.

Intellectual capital is the single most important asset owned by any organization. Business continuity and the long term sustainability of every business organization depends partly on how well accumulated organizational knowledge is passed on from generation to generation. Knowledge is hard to capture due to its implicit nature and even harder to manage, thus the deployment of numerous knowledge management systems by organizations in recent times. Knowledge sharing among employees within organizations can sometimes be very problem-atic. These problems stem from issues pertaining to power, secrecy, individualism, time, ignorance and technological issues among others. This paper seeks to investigate how web 2.0 technologies are being used to overcome these problems and facilitate knowledge sharing as well as collaboration. Web 2.0 has been described as the new web which focuses on the use of platforms. Platforms are digital environments in which contributions and interactions are globally visible. The new web technologies which are based on platforms are referred to as emergent social software platforms (ESSP‘s). The use of these web 2.0 technologies (ESSP‘s) within a business enterprise for the achievement of business goals is known as enterprise 2.0 (E2.0). Central to this research is the knowledge sharing cycle model, which has three main stages; internalization, externalization, and objectification. Internalization occurs when individuals acquire or learn from the organization. Externalization is achieved when individual implicit knowledge is made explicit. Objectification is making new knowledge globally accepted. This cycle has been adapted to illustrate the role played by ESSP‘s in facilitating knowledge sharing. A case study of IBM Corporation is used to arrive at the findings which are used to adapt the model. IBM Corporations extensively deploys E2.0. The company uses one central Social networking platform called IBM connections, which incorporates several ESSP‘s. There are seven services on IBM connections which include profiles, Activities, wikis, blogs, bookmarks, Files, and communities. Employing the interview technique, observations and the use of secondary data, the research questions are answered. The findings indicate that ESSP‘s can be used to support knowledge sharing practices and also helps to convert knowledge into its different forms (explicit and implicit). Blogs, wikis, and communities support internaliza-tion and externalization. The process of objectification is supported by wikis. Findings also indicate that the services within IBM connections platform support mass collaboration and foster strong ties among employees. In an objective manner, the paper points out some of the negative consequences of E2.0. Major issues uncovered through the case study include, sensi-tive data, undefined way of working with ESSP‘s, privacy, abuse of use, and lack of interest.

In this examination of citizen surveillance, I engage with Foucaultian and Deleuzian conceptualizations of surveillance, power, resistance, control, and desire, to explore the motivation(s) of community members who film and disseminate footage of the police. Methodologically, I conducted semi-structured interviews with community stakeholders to study the latent thematic ideas embedded in their responses. These themes represent the underlying motivational factors a citizen surveiller may have when filming the police. In my analysis of these themes, I explore: citizen surveillers’ logic for resisting power; citizen surveillers’ understandings of power; and, citizen surveillers’ reported approaches to both passive and active forms of resistance. Subsequently, there appears to be an underlying desire for power and a resistance to power when filming the police. However, given the exploratory nature of this study, there is a need to continue investigating the theoretical and under substantiated claims about citizen surveillance and its association with race, gender and socio-economic status.

Organizations today are adopting business intelligence (BI) systems at a fast pace with the expectation that these systems will help them make better business decisions and improve their performance. But with the ever changing industry dynamics and variable business needs of end-users, the BI requirements of organizations are also getting unpredictable and increasingly harder to deliver by the service providers. Additionally, the advancement of web 2.0 & enterprise 2.0 technologies has opened up more possibilities for the development of user-centric innovative business applications. Enterprise BI Mashups are a specific breed of such technologies that have the potential to empower end-users with self-service capabilities and facilitate problem-solving in ad-hoc situational BI scenarios. This research project attempts to explore the current landscape of Business Intelligence (BI) Mashups and to identify gaps in technology with respect to user requirements and corporate objectives. Through an empirical investigation of BI mashups use cases, specific issues and challenges associated with the use of mashups in BI have been ascertained. Working in collaboration with IBM Cognos, we have formulated a taxonomy and utility framework for Enterprise BI Mashups. The formulated taxonomy provides a basic framework for understanding the domain of BI mashups and is aimed to aid application development initiatives for creating BI mashups toolkits. The utility framework draws upon real-world use cases for BI Mashups as well as pertinent software design patterns that can facilitate the development of BI mashup tools and services. These frameworks are expected to advance an understanding of business process requirements that can be satisfied through the use of Enterprise BI Mashups, and also aid in the development of mashup toolkits targeted at BI end-users.