Cette thèse porte sur la régulation de l’accès à l’espace public des mouvements sociaux représentant les minorités ethnoraciales par l’identité collective de la Nation française. Elle interroge en particulier les processus d’ethnoracialisation des groupes sociaux représentés dans les médias d’information généraliste (les « blancs » et les « non-blancs ») ainsi que la manifestation de la blanchité (whiteness) comme rapport de pouvoir. Elle est basée sur l’étude, effectuée dans une perspective constructiviste d’analyse de discours, de la médiatisation de deux collectifs protestataires, Ni putes ni soumises (mouvement créé en 2002 pour lutter contre les violences de genre dans les banlieues françaises) et le Mouvement des Indigènes de la République (collectif né en 2005 pour dénoncer les discriminations systémiques dont souffrent les personnes issues de l’immigration postcoloniale), dans la presse quotidienne nationale dite « de référence » (le Figaro, le Monde et Libération) et au sein des journaux télévisés de TF1, France 2 et France 3.Cette thèse s’appuie notamment sur les théoriciens de la reconnaissance sociale et la notion foucaldienne de « sujet » ainsi que sur les résultats des méthodes quantitatives et qualitatives effectuées sur corpus. L’analyse, pour chaque groupe protestataire, de son processus d’événementialisation au regard de celle de son identité socio-discursive représentée dans les médias, a montré qu’à l’intérieur de la couverture médiatique de Ni putes ni soumises et du Mouvement des Indigènes de la République, se construit implicitement le Sujet de la Nation française. Ce Sujet, « citoyen modèle » de la communauté nationale en partie défini par son genre et son attribut ethnoracial, circonscrit l’accès à la visibilité sociale des mouvements de protestation et leur possibilité de participer au débat public. / This thesis focuses on the regulation of the access to the public sphere of social movements representing ethnoracial minorities by the collective identity of the French nation. It discusses in particular the ethnoracialisation processes of social groups (the “white” and the “non-white”) represented in the mainstream media and the manifestation of whiteness as a relation of power.It is based on the study, in a constructivist approach to discourse analysis, of the media coverage of two protest groups, Ni putes ni soumises (Neither whores nor submissive, a movement created in 2002 to fight against gender violence in the French working-class suburbs) and the Mouvement des Indigènes de la République (Movement of the Indigenous of the Republic born in 2005 to denounce the systemic discriminations against people of postcolonial immigrant origin), in the national daily press of “reference” (le Figaro, le Monde and Libération) and within the television news of TF1, France 2 and France 3.This thesis is mainly based on the theorists of social recognition, the foucauldian notion of “subject”, and the results of quantitative and qualitative methods conducted on the corpus. The analysis, for each protest group, of its process of becoming-event in relation with its socio-discursive identity represented in the media, showed that within the media coverage of Ni putes ni soumises and the Mouvement des Indigènes de la République, the Subject of the French nation is implicitly built. This subject, the “model citizen” of the national community, who is partly defined by its gender and its ethnoracial attribute, limits and defines the protest groups access to social visibility and their ability to participate in the public debate.

[pt] A avaliação de artigos brancos tratados com alvejantes ópticos, como eles são comuns em substratos têxteis, plásticos e de papel, é uma tarefa que tradicionalmente resulta em muitas divergências entre avaliações visuais realizadas em uma cabine padronizada e avaliações instrumentais realizadas com espectrofotômetros de refletância. Mesmo entre as avaliações visuais ou entre as avaliações instrumentais são encontradas diferenças muito além do aceitável. Uma das principais causas é a fluorescência dos alvejantes ópticos que é influenciada pela quantidade de radiação UV em relação com a radiação na faixa visível do espectro. O trabalho apresentado analisa as diferentes formas de avaliação, principalmente do ponto de vista da qualidade da distribuição espectral de potência do simulador de luz do dia. No caso das avaliações visuais, são testadas diferentes lâmpadas fluorescentes. Para as avaliações instrumentais, a calibração e o ajuste de UV em conjunto com as diferentes aberturas de medição são analisados. O objetivo é aprimorar os aspectos metrológicos da avaliação e contribuir para a sua padronização a fim de garantir a maior reprodutibilidade de resultados, um procedimento importante e almejado por todos os segmentos industriais que utilizam os alvejantes ópticos. / [en] The evaluation of white objects treated with fluorescent whitening agents, such as they are commonly found on substrates like textiles, plastics and paper, is a task that traditionally leads to frequent controversy between the visual evaluations performed in a standardized light booth and the instrumental evaluations performed on reflectance spectrophotometers. Even between visual or instrumental evaluations the differences encountered are far beyond the acceptable. One of the main reasons is the fluorescence of the optical brightening agents that is influenced by the amount of UV radiation in relation to the amount of radiation in the visible range of the spectrum. The work presented analyses the different forms of evaluation, mainly from the point of view of the quality of the daylight simulators´ spectral power distribution. In the case of the visual evaluations, different fluorescent lamps are tested. For the instrumental evaluations, the UV calibration and adjustment are analyzed together with the different measurement apertures. The objective is to improve the metrological aspects of the evaluation and contribute to its standardization with the aim to guarantee better reproducibility of results, an important procedure that is desired by all the industrial segments that use optical brighteners.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-05-21T16:43:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Damaris Bertuzzi_.pdf: 5868817 bytes, checksum: 9202bcc2b8c466af54831684f9059131 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-21T16:43:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Damaris Bertuzzi_.pdf: 5868817 bytes, checksum: 9202bcc2b8c466af54831684f9059131 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-22 / Nenhuma / A presente Dissertação de Mestrado tem por objeto a análise da historicidade das desigualdades nas relações étnico-raciais da sociedade brasileira, notadamente entre brancos e negros, tomando como dimensão empírica para o estudo o município de Carlos Barbosa – RS. A escolha do tema decorre da inserção da autora com atividades docentes e de pesquisa, da preocupação com os processos de discriminação pelos quais sofre o negro e pelo desafio de pensar em uma sociedade de maior igualdade. Na dimensão metodológica o estudo foi realizado mediante pesquisas bibliográficas e documentais na composição dos dois primeiros capítulos. E por meio de coleta de depoimentos de negros e brancos, no município em estudo, a partir de roteiro-base de entrevista, foram elaboradas as exposições e as análises que constituem o terceiro capítulo. As informações e representações dos sujeitos sociais foram catalogadas e, posteriormente, analisadas mediante a técnica da análise de discurso. A reflexão em torno das manifestações discursivas coletadas e dos dados levantados nas pesquisas históricas, demonstra a permanência do preconceito étnico-racial nas práticas cotidianas na comunidade estudada, apontando para os desafios que cidadãos e cidadãs precisam enfrentar para a construção de uma sociedade de igualdade, respeito às diferenças e reconhecimento do outro. / The purpose of this Master's Dissertation is to analyze the historicity of the inequalities in the ethnic-racial relations of Brazilian society, especially among whites and blacks, taking as an empirical dimension to the study the municipality of Carlos Barbosa - RS. The choice of theme stems from the author's insertion in teaching and research activities, concern with the processes of discrimination suffered by black people and the challenge of thinking about a more equal society. In the methodological dimension, the study was carried out through bibliographical and documentary researches in the composition of the first two chapters. Through the collection of testimonies of blacks and whites, in the city under study, based on the interview script, the expositions and analyzes that constitute the third chapter were elaborated. The information and representations of social subjects were cataloged and later analyzed through the technique of discourse analysis. The reflection on the collected discursive manifestations and the data collected in historical research shows the continuation of ethnic-racial prejudice in everyday practices in the community studied, pointing to the challenges that citizens have to face in order to build a society of equality, respect for differences and recognition of the other.

This bachelor’s thesis is an ethnological study with focus on examining conditions for and navigation between different subject positions in Swedish everyday life. The study problematizes the nature of Swedishness and examines the relationship between Swedishness, whiteness, and Jewishness. Who is Swedish and when is examined, and in which situations Jewishness is brought to light and made note of. The essay discusses the boundaries of the act of passing and what strategies Jews in Sweden use to navigate between Swedishness and Jewishness and adaptations to live as smooth a daily life as possible. Based on the theory derived from phenomenology and post-structuralism as well as interviews with six Jews resident in Sweden, the paper highlights the complicated ways in which norms interact and how identifications arise through deviation. Whiteness is examined in relation to Jewishness and Swedishness and appears, similarly to other social positions, depending on context, time and place. The empirical evidence shows how Jews in Sweden try to pass as (white) Swedes while at the same time trying to keep their Jewish identity. That Jewish bodies act differently and feel at home dependent on place is made clear by an account of the importance of the diasporic experience for Jewish life in Sweden.

La race est autant une catégorie sociale qu’une catégorie analytique, et cette dualité représente un défi pour les chercheurs et chercheuses qui s’intéressent aux rapports de pouvoir dans les sociétés racialisées. Afin d’étudier la reproduction et la contestation de la race dans l’ordre racial multiculturel en Colombie, je propose d’analyser les discours et la pratique d’acteurs sociaux qui, en interaction avec les institutions étatiques, contribuent à la reproduction et à la transformation de la race et des ordres raciaux dans lesquels ils s’insèrent. Je m’intéresse en particulier à l’entreprise identitaire des acteurs sociaux et politiques racisés qui participent à la reproduction ou à la transformation de l’ordre racial multiculturel. Ces acteurs, nombreux et variés, vont des leaders ethniques jusqu’aux chercheurs. Si tous ces acteurs peuvent être qualifiés d’entrepreneurs raciaux, cette thèse se concentre sur un groupe spécifique de jeunes Afrodescendant.e.s de Bogotá, pour une grande partie d’entre eux provenant des familles mixtes, ayant eu accès à l’Université, faisant l’expérience d’une ascension sociale et travaillant dans des domaines relatifs à la défense des droits de la population noire en Colombie. Je montrerai l’importance de ces facteurs dans leur identification en tant qu’Afrodescendant.e.s à travers l’analyse de leurs discours et de leurs processus identitaires. En même temps qu’ils en sont exclus, ils reproduisent et contestent le cadre multiculturel en élargissant la conception ethnicisée de la population noire à une conception directement liée à l’expérience historique du racisme et de la racisation, qui s’insère dans le contexte global de la diaspora africaine. Enfin, en ayant recours à l’approche intersectionnelle, à travers l’analyse des relations familiales et intimes des personnes enquêtées, je mettrai en évidence non seulement comment le privé devient politique mais également comment le politique imprègne le privé, afin de rendre compte de la place centrale du corps et de la blanchité dans le processus de racisation et dans les stratégies qui visent à défier celle-ci. / Race is as much social as an analytical category. Its duality represents a challenge for researchers interested in power relations within racialized societies. To study how race is simultaneously reproduced and contested in Colombia’s multicultural racial order, I set out to analyze social actors whose discourses and practices, in interaction with official institutions, contribute to reproduce and transform race and the racial orders within which they are embedded. My focus is on the identity entrepreneurship of racized social and political actors who participate in both the reproduction and transformation of the multicultural racial order. From ethnic leaders to researchers, these actors are many and diverse. Although they may all be described as racial entrepreneurs, this dissertation is centered on a specific group of young Afro-descendants from Bogotá, many of whom come from mixed-race families, are college-educated, are experiencing upward social mobility, and are working with black rights advocacy organizations in Colombia. I will show the importance of these factors for their identification as Afro-descendants through an analysis of their discourses and identity processes. They reproduce and contest the multicultural framework of which they are excluded by broadening the ethnic conception of the Black population to a conception that is directly linked to the historical experience of racism and racialization, one that is embedded within the global context of the African diaspora. Finally, by turning to an intersectional approach, through the analysis of their family and intimate relationships, I will demonstrate how privacy is politicized and politics privatized, to account for the central position of the body and of whiteness in both the racialization process and the strategies that aim at challenging it

Com 8 décadas de existência, a Universidade de São Paulo tem se firmado como o grande modelo de universidade para o país. Seja pelos dados que apresenta, seja pela afirmação de sua história, tem marcado seu espaço na sociedade brasileira como referencial na formação científica, na produção cultural e na produção de elites que não raramente assumem postos de comando no país. Apesar dessas conquistas, a USP apresenta um quadro anacrônico em relação à diversidade étnico-racial, sobretudo, no seu corpo docente, que tem sido formado com um perfil étnico-racial extremamente homogêneo. A pesquisa ora apresentada objetivou entender a existência e a configuração de um possível nexo entre o debate racial das primeiras décadas do século XX no Brasil, com o processo histórico da fundação da Universidade de São Paulo. Na presente análise, três figuras ocupam papel de destaque: o eugenista Renato Ferraz Kehl e dois dos personagens centrais na configuração do Projeto USP, nomeadamente, Júlio de Mesquita Filho e Fernando de Azevedo. A partir da análise do corpus documental, formado por correspondências e textos dos intelectuais citados, foi possível identificar que muitos dos personagens ligados à história da criação da USP participaram ativamente do debate sobre raça e eugenia apresentado nas primeiras décadas do século XX. A despeito do relativo silêncio do envolvimento do tema raça com a história da USP, a presente pesquisa tem por objetivo trazer o tema à tona, por entender ser um dado relevante para a compreensão do papel da universidade e sua relação com a questão racial brasileira. Tendo estado presente na visão dos fundadores da instituição, bem como moldado o modo como estes compreendiam sua percepção da sociedade, a concepção racial vigente na elite pensante brasileira do início do século XX, manifestou-se na constituição da identidade (e identificação) entre a USP e São Paulo e está presente em seus símbolos. Tal dado fornece fortes evidências de que há, nesta instituição, uma cultura racial, isto é, uma tradição em lidar com a raça de modo implícito, por metáforas. Este fato também corrobora com a ideia de que a questão racial perpassa a USP da mesma forma como perpassa a sociedade brasileira como um todo. / The University of São Paulo (USP) with 8 decades of existence has made a model of University for yourself and for the roll country. This is shown in its numbers and the affirmation of its own historical contribution to the nation. In this process, the University marks an space inside the Brazilian society as a reference point in terms of scientific education, cultural production and in terms of elite formation, which, not rarely, it is the political elite of the country. Besides those achievements, the University of Sao Paulo has a quite anachronic context in term of ethical-racial diversity, especially within the university structure. We found out that the University its professors and researchers - is quite homogeneous in terms of ethnical racial matters. The main objective of this research was to understand the existence and how is configured the nexus between the racial debate of the early XX in Brasil and the historical founding process of the University of Sao Paulo. In this work, we discuss three major figures: Renato Ferraz Kehl, a eugenicist and other two majors figures of the Projeto USP, Júlio de Mesquita Filho and Fernando de Azevedo. From the analysis of the documental corpus, with is in part the mailing and the texts from those intellectuals, it was possible to identify that many of those that was part of the process of foundation of the USP was also part of the debate about race and eugenics from the early XX. There is a relative silence when the subject is the discussion of race inside and in the context of the foundation of USP; this research will bring up this discussion, understanding that this will be relevant to a comprehensive discussion of the roll of this University facing the racial debate in Brasil. Already present in the vision of the founders of the institution and shaping its social perception, the racial conception of the Brazilian elite from the early XX was heard and became part of the identity (and the identification) between USP and Sao Paulo and it is present in its symbols. With that in mind, we found strong evidence of a racial culture, which is a tradition to handle race in an implicit mode, working with metaphors. This fact also corroborate to the idea that the racial issue pervades the University as a corpus just like it pervades the society as a unity body.

Submitted by Liliane Ferreira (ljuvencia30@gmail.com) on 2018-03-14T13:28:34Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Paula Nogueira Pires Batista - 2017.pdf: 2586333 bytes, checksum: 80a916e5fada76011243ccec6178eada (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-03-15T11:00:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Paula Nogueira Pires Batista - 2017.pdf: 2586333 bytes, checksum: 80a916e5fada76011243ccec6178eada (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-15T11:00:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Paula Nogueira Pires Batista - 2017.pdf: 2586333 bytes, checksum: 80a916e5fada76011243ccec6178eada (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This work aims to think about the potentialities of transnational feminist political coalitions based on ethnographic experience that focused on Slutwalk of the city of Goiânia / GO ("Marcha das Vadias" - MdV / GO) in the years 2014, 2015 and 2016. For this, I interpret that this March would be a contemporary "young" feminist expression. The analysis proposes intersectionality, taking into account the different social markers of difference that have emerged in the field, such as gender, "race" / color, class, sexuality and age / "generation". Thus, three major axes of analysis are thought: 1) Transnational flows of feminisms; 2) Intersectionality and ethnic-racial issues; 3) Generational differences and different feminisms in play. As an analytical possibility, I propose the idea of ​​intersectional feminist whiteness, thought from the racialization of white social experience on the March. / Este trabalho se propõe a pensar potencialidades de coalizões políticas feministas transnacionais a partir de experiência etnográfica realizada com enfoque na Marcha das Vadias da cidade de Goiânia/GO (MdV/GO) nos anos de 2014, 2015 e 2016. Para isto, parto da interpretação de que esta Marcha seria uma expressão “jovem” feminista contemporânea. As análises têm como proposta a interseccionalidade, ao levar em consideração os diferentes marcadores sociais da diferença que surgiram em campo, a exemplo de gênero, “raça”/cor, classe, sexualidade e idade/“geração”. Sendo assim, três grandes eixos de análise são pensados: 1) Fluxos transnacionais dos feminismos; 2) Interseccionalidade e questões étnico-raciais; 3) Diferenças geracionais e diferentes feminismos em jogo. Como possibilidade analítica, proponho a ideia de branquitude interseccional feminista, pensada a partir da racialização da experiência social branca em Marcha.

This dissertation studies identity formation and race informed by the discipline Whiteness Studies. As such this dissertation conceptualizes Spanish Whiteness historically and analyzes its representation in Spanish narrative in prose and film. This research responds to two questions: 1) How has Spanish culture historically instrumentalized Blackness thus contributing to the creation of the Western’s conceptualization of Whiteness? 2) What does Spanish representation of Empire say about its Whiteness? In an effort to answer these questions, this study is divided into two parts that correspond to the conceptualization and representation of what are termed ‘Situational Whiteness’ and ‘Imperial Spanish Orientalism.’ I argue that both are the result of a Spanish differential exceptionalism based on Orientalist cultural practices of tactical assimilation, by means of which the Black experience is subsumed on the margins as a part of Spanish Whiteness. To prove this hypothesis, Spanish Whiteness is conceptualized for the purpose of exploring the strategies of tactical assimilation of the Spanish Orientalism (Hispanism, Arabism, Africanism, Hispanotropicalism) towards its former colonies in Latin America and Africa. In addition, the contrasting cases of instrumentalization of Blackness as resistance in José Martí and Fernando Ortiz’s notion of Cuban racial ‘counterpoint’ as well as and the racial ‘particularism’ of Joan Maragall and Blas Infante inform cultural notions of Spanish Whiteness as well as its fragmentation. In the second part of this dissertation, the analysis focuses on understudied cases of the Spanish Imperial Whiteness’s representation in relation to Equatorial Guinean and Afro-Cuban Blackness. The overall propose of this research is, on the one hand, to explain how the situational nature of Spanish Whiteness is present throughout foundational moments in diverse forms of Spanish Orientalism; and, on the other hand, to inform Whiteness Studies from a different cultural angle thus providing the discipline with a transnational bridge towards a better understanding of white processes of racial formation, historical strategies and cultural forms of structural domination.

<p>Drawing on broader discussions that attempt to envision new ways of negotiating identity, nationalism and race in a post-colonial, post-apartheid South Africa, this thesis examines how whiteness is constructed and negotiated within the framework of literary-journalistic narratives. It is significant that so many established journalists have chosen a literary format, in which they use the structure, conventions, form and style of the novel, while clearly foregrounding their journalistic priorities, to re-imagine possibilities for narratives of identity and belonging for white South Africans. I argue that by working at the interstice of literature and journalism, writers are able to open new rhetorical spaces in which white South African identity can be interrogated.</p> <p><br /> This thesis examines the literary narratives of Rian Malan (My Traitor&rsquo / s Heart, 1991), Antjie Krog (Country of My Skull, 1998, and Begging to be Black, 2009), Kevin Bloom (Ways of Staying, 2009) and Jonny Steinberg (Midlands, 2002). These writers all seem to grapple with the recurring themes of &lsquo / history&rsquo / , &lsquo / narrative&rsquo / and &lsquo / identity&rsquo / , and in exploring the narratives of their personal and national history, they attempt to make sense of their current situation. The texts that this thesis examines exhibit an acute awareness of the necessity of bringing whiteness into conversation with &lsquo / other&rsquo / identities, and thus I explore both the ways in which that is attempted and the degree to which the texts succeed, in their respective projects. I also examine what literary genres offer these journalists in their engagement with issues of whiteness and white identity that conventional forms of journalism do not. These writers are challenging the conventions of genre &ndash / both literary and journalistic &ndash / during a period of social and political flux, and I argue that in attempting to limn new narrative forms, they are in fact outlining new possibilities for white identities and ways of belonging and speaking. However, a close reading of these literary-journalistic narratives reveals whiteness in post-apartheid South African to be a multifaceted and often contradictory construct and position. Despite the lingering privilege and structural advantage associated with whiteness, South African whiteness appears strongly characterised by a deep-seated anxiety that stems from a perpetual sense of &lsquo / un-belonging&rsquo / . However, while white skin remains a significant marker of identity, there does appear to be the possibility of moving beyond whiteness into positions of hybridity which offer interesting potential for &lsquo / becoming-other&rsquo / .</p>

This thesis is an examination of how white women in interracial relationships and/or white mothers of biracial children understand race. Through interviews with six self-identified white women who have black-white biracial children, I seek to understand what role racism plays in their lives and whether these women have a heightened consciousness about race as a result of being in an interracial family. Using their narratives and a spatial framework, I explore the concept of white supremacy, whiteness and blackness, representations of white femininity and black masculinity in the media, and how white women in interracial relationships cross the colourline in their everyday lives. I suggest that white women learn about colourlined spaces in public, but that they also learn about blackness and teach their biracial children about antiracism in private spaces. Overall, white women need to negotiate rules and norms within racial hierarchies in order to navigate white supremacy.