Det moderna arbetslivet genomgår snabba och stora förändringar och ändrar  örutsättningarna för många yrkesgrupper i hur arbetet ska bedrivas på bästa och mest effektiva sätt. Detta får konsekvenser för olika yrkesgruppers arbetssituationer. En yrkesgrupp som inte har fått ett allt för nämnvärt fokus i forskningen kring förändrade arbetssituationer är HR-medarbetare. Syftet med den här studien är att öka förståelsen för hur HR-medarbetare upplever och hanterar sin arbetssituation utifrån arbetskrav och arbetsresurser. Tre frågeställningar har utformats för att omfamna och konkretisera syftet ytterligare. Studien baseras på fem utvalda respondenter, som arbetar som HR-generalister eller HR Business Partners. Studien har genomförts med en kvalitativ forskningsmetod i form av intervjuer och har utgått från en abduktiv ansats. Studien påvisar att det finns olika uppfattningar mellan HR-medarbetare om vilka resurser som anses viktiga i arbetet. Studien har även visat på att HR-medarbetare ställs inför höga arbetskrav i form av framför allt hög arbetsbelastning och stora rollkonflikter. Resultatet  visar att HR-medarbetarna vanligtvis hanterar svåra arbetssituationer genom problemfokuserade hanteringsstrategier. / The modern working life is going through big and rapid changes, which change the prerequisites for a lot of professions in how work should be conducted and utilized in best manners. This leads to consequences in the work situation for different professions. One profession that hasn’t a cquired a lot of focus in the research about changing work situations, is the HR Practitioners. The aim of this study is to increase the understanding in how HR Practitioners experience and manage their work situation from the basis of work demands and work resources. Three research questions have further been formed, with the aim to embrace and concrete the purpose of the study. The study is based on five selected candidates, who works as HR Generalists or HR Business Partners. The study has been conducted with a qualitative research method in the form of interviews and an abductive approach. The study demonstrates different opinions among the HR Practitioners about which kind of work resources that is considered most important at work. Results also show that HR Practitioners faces high work demands, mostly in the form of high work load and big role conflicts. Finally, the results show that HR Practitioners mostly apprehend and manage the severe work situations they face with a problem focused coping strategy.

A tese que aqui se encontra tem como objetivo inicial registrar a experiência histórica do Programa de Formação Inicial dos Profissionais da Educação Básica (Profuncionário), que integra a política de valorização profissional dos funcionários de escola. A formação, em nível médio, ofertada pelo Profuncionário, propõe-se a contribuir na reconstrução da identidade profissional da categoria como profissionais da educação. Como a política de formação é voltada para funcionários em efetivo exercício de suas funções, argumenta-se que a mesma deve ser pensada como formação em serviço e que a reconstrução da identidade profissional acontece a partir de práticas formativas em situação de trabalho. Nesse sentido, um segundo objetivo se coloca, qual seja, o de analisar o processo de reconstrução da identidade dos funcionários a partir da formação em serviço. O conceito de “dupla antecipação” da ergologia, elaborado por Yves Schwartz, segundo o qual a atividade humana é antecipada por normas sociais e por normas de vida, fundamenta a perspectiva teórico-metodológica pela qual se aborda o tema e se pressupõe que a reconstrução da identidade profissional, a partir da formação em serviço, acontece no encontro e no confronto dessas normas, na relação que os profissionais experimentam entre a identidade concebida institucionalmente e a identidade construída na experiência no trabalho. Como o tema da identidade profissional não é discutido no campo conceitual da ergologia, foi preciso introduzi-lo ali, colocando a ergologia em diálogo com a sociologia das profissões, especialmente aquela construída por Claude Dubar. Na sociologia de Dubar, a identidade social é entendida como resultante de um processo de identificação no qual são articuladas duas transações, uma biográfica (subjetiva) e outra relacional (do sujeito com as instituições), o que permitiu a aproximação conceitual entre os dois campos do saber. Além do diálogo com Schwartz e Dubar, procurou-se dialogar, também, com quem teve experiência da formação em situação de trabalho, isto é, com duas profissionais da alimentação escolar que trabalham juntas e que concluíram o Curso Técnico em Alimentação Escolar. O diálogo com as últimas foi construído por meio de entrevistas individuais semiestruturadas nas quais se abriu espaço para a narrativa biográfica, e de entrevistas coletivas orientandas pelo conceito de “encontros sobre trabalho” da abordagem ergológica, além de observações in loco da rotina de trabalho das interlocutoras. A partir dessa abordagem, chegou-se à noção de que a identidade profissional se reconstrói em situação de trabalho na medida em que, para exercer a profissão, as trabalhadoras precisam fazer escolhas sobre seu próprio fazer e, assim, são levadas a renormalizar as normas antecedentes. No diálogo com as interlocutoras da pesquisa, pode-se aprender que a reconstrução da identidade profissional a partir da formação em serviço acontece pelo modo como as trabalhadoras se relacionam com as normas antecedentes transmitidas pelas práticas formativas em situação de trabalho, sejam as normas relativas a saberes, métodos, competências ou valores, enfim, atributos institucionalizados da profissão, pois, em situação de trabalho, essas normas ganham vida no sentido de que outros saberes, outros métodos, outras competências, outros valores são criados na atividade das profissionais na escola. / The Thesis presented here has as its initial objective to record the historical experience of the Initial Training Program for Basic Education Professionals (Profuncionário). This Program integrates the policy of professional promotion of school workers. The medium-level education offered by Profuncionário aims to contribute to the reconstruction of the professional identity of the category as professionals of education. As this formative policy is aimed at workers in the effective exercise of their functions, it is argued that it should be thought of as in-service training and that the reconstruction of the professional identity takes place through educative practices in a work situation. In this sense, a second objective arises, that is, to analyze the process of the reconstruction of the workers identity from the in-service training. The concept of "double anticipation" of ergology elaborated by Yves Schwartz, according to which human activity is anticipated by social norms and norms of life, underpins the theoreticalmethodological perspective by which the subject is approached. It is assumed that the reconstruction of the professional identity, from the in-service training, happens in the encounter and the confrontation, in the relationship that the professionals experience between the identity conceived institutionally and the identity constructed in the experience of work. As the theme of professional identity is not discussed in the conceptual field of ergology, it has been necessary to introduce it, placing ergology in dialogue with the sociology of professions, especially that built by Claude Dubar. In Dubar's sociology, social identity is understood as resulting from a process of identification in which two transactions are articulated, one biographical (subjective) and the other relational (from the subject to the institutions), which allowed the conceptual approximation between the two fields of study. In addition to the dialogue with Schwartz and Dubar, a dialogue was also sought with those who had experience of education in work situation, that is, with two school nutrition professionals who work together and who completed the Technical Course in School Feeding. The dialogue with the latter was constructed through semi-structured individual interviews in which biographical narrative was used, and collective interviews guided by the concept of "meetings about the work" of the ergological approach, as well as in-situ observations of the work routine of the interlocutors. Based on this approach, the notion was reached that professional identity is being reconstructed in a work situation because, in order to exercise the profession, the workers have to make choices about their own doing and thus are led to renormalize the preceding norms. In the dialogue with the research interlocutors, it can be learned that the reconstruction of the professional identity from the in-service education takes place by the way in which the workers relate to the antecedent norms transmitted by the formative practices in work situation – norms related to knowledge, methods, competencies or values -, that is, the institutionalized attributes of the profession. In a situation of work, these norms come alive in the sense that other knowledge, other methods, other competences and other values are created in the activity of the professionals in the school.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:53:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ladijaneSS_DISSERT.pdf: 662890 bytes, checksum: 746c0dcadac824624ca940b5d80873a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-09-29 / The problem dealt with in this study concerns the analysis of bus drivers' working situation. It stemmed from the need to identify the difficulties faced by these professionals in accomplishing the results expected by the company. A case study was carried out in a public transportation company in the city of Natal. Records and observations made in the workplace, alongside perfomance indicators, such as absenteeism tax, staff turnover and traffic accidents, revealed problems in their activity. It was made clear that, in the company being studied, absenteeism was related to health problems, particularly psychiatric and musculoskeletal disorders, and that although the indicators of traffic accidents and staff turnover have declined over the years, they are still elevated. The interviews involved 50 of the 124 drivers who worked directly in the service, and contained questions covering eleven factors related to the drivers' work. They indicated a gap between the prescribed work and the work actually done, in that there were a series of embarassing or stressful situations involving traffic, itinerary length, road conditions, vehicle maintenance, physical environment (bus terminus), job post and supervision policies. On the other hand, factors such as enjoying driving, the work itself and being with workmates positively influenced the drivers' working conditions. In the propositions of the administration and human resources subsystems, some alternatives were found in order to remodel this activity / O problema tratado neste estudo est? relacionado ? an?lise da situa??o de trabalho do motorista de ?nibus. Teve origem na necessidade de identificar as dificuldades do motorista em cumprir as tarefas para alcan?ar os resultados determinados pela empresa. Foi feito um estudo de caso em uma empresa de transporte coletivo urbano da cidade de Natal. Registros e observa??es feitas no ambiente de trabalho e indicadores de desempenho do servi?o como ?ndices de absente?smo, rotatividade de pessoal e acidentes de tr?nsito foram estimados e apontaram para problemas na atividade. Ficou caracterizado que o absente?smo na empresa pesquisada est? ligado a problemas de sa?de com predom?nio de doen?as psiqui?tricas e patologias m?sculo-esquel?ticas, que o n?mero de acidentes de tr?nsito e o ?ndice de rotatividade, embora venham caindo em rela??o aos anos anteriores, s?o elevados. As entrevistas realizadas com 50 dos 124 motoristas que trabalham diretamente na opera??o do servi?o contendo perguntas sobre 11 fatores relacionados ao trabalho do motorista mostraram que os fatores tr?nsito, o tempo de viagem, condi??es da via, a manuten??o do ve?culo, ambiente f?sico (terminal de linha), posto de trabalho e supervis?o exercida constituem-se em constrangimentos para a atividade do motorista diferenciando o trabalho prescrito do trabalho real. Por outro lado, fatores como gostar de dirigir, o trabalho em si e os colegas de trabalho influenciam positivamente na situa??o de trabalho do motorista. Nas proposi??es dos subsistemas de administra??o de recursos humanos foram encontradas alternativas para o redimensionamento desta atividade

A tese que aqui se encontra tem como objetivo inicial registrar a experiência histórica do Programa de Formação Inicial dos Profissionais da Educação Básica (Profuncionário), que integra a política de valorização profissional dos funcionários de escola. A formação, em nível médio, ofertada pelo Profuncionário, propõe-se a contribuir na reconstrução da identidade profissional da categoria como profissionais da educação. Como a política de formação é voltada para funcionários em efetivo exercício de suas funções, argumenta-se que a mesma deve ser pensada como formação em serviço e que a reconstrução da identidade profissional acontece a partir de práticas formativas em situação de trabalho. Nesse sentido, um segundo objetivo se coloca, qual seja, o de analisar o processo de reconstrução da identidade dos funcionários a partir da formação em serviço. O conceito de “dupla antecipação” da ergologia, elaborado por Yves Schwartz, segundo o qual a atividade humana é antecipada por normas sociais e por normas de vida, fundamenta a perspectiva teórico-metodológica pela qual se aborda o tema e se pressupõe que a reconstrução da identidade profissional, a partir da formação em serviço, acontece no encontro e no confronto dessas normas, na relação que os profissionais experimentam entre a identidade concebida institucionalmente e a identidade construída na experiência no trabalho. Como o tema da identidade profissional não é discutido no campo conceitual da ergologia, foi preciso introduzi-lo ali, colocando a ergologia em diálogo com a sociologia das profissões, especialmente aquela construída por Claude Dubar. Na sociologia de Dubar, a identidade social é entendida como resultante de um processo de identificação no qual são articuladas duas transações, uma biográfica (subjetiva) e outra relacional (do sujeito com as instituições), o que permitiu a aproximação conceitual entre os dois campos do saber. Além do diálogo com Schwartz e Dubar, procurou-se dialogar, também, com quem teve experiência da formação em situação de trabalho, isto é, com duas profissionais da alimentação escolar que trabalham juntas e que concluíram o Curso Técnico em Alimentação Escolar. O diálogo com as últimas foi construído por meio de entrevistas individuais semiestruturadas nas quais se abriu espaço para a narrativa biográfica, e de entrevistas coletivas orientandas pelo conceito de “encontros sobre trabalho” da abordagem ergológica, além de observações in loco da rotina de trabalho das interlocutoras. A partir dessa abordagem, chegou-se à noção de que a identidade profissional se reconstrói em situação de trabalho na medida em que, para exercer a profissão, as trabalhadoras precisam fazer escolhas sobre seu próprio fazer e, assim, são levadas a renormalizar as normas antecedentes. No diálogo com as interlocutoras da pesquisa, pode-se aprender que a reconstrução da identidade profissional a partir da formação em serviço acontece pelo modo como as trabalhadoras se relacionam com as normas antecedentes transmitidas pelas práticas formativas em situação de trabalho, sejam as normas relativas a saberes, métodos, competências ou valores, enfim, atributos institucionalizados da profissão, pois, em situação de trabalho, essas normas ganham vida no sentido de que outros saberes, outros métodos, outras competências, outros valores são criados na atividade das profissionais na escola. / The Thesis presented here has as its initial objective to record the historical experience of the Initial Training Program for Basic Education Professionals (Profuncionário). This Program integrates the policy of professional promotion of school workers. The medium-level education offered by Profuncionário aims to contribute to the reconstruction of the professional identity of the category as professionals of education. As this formative policy is aimed at workers in the effective exercise of their functions, it is argued that it should be thought of as in-service training and that the reconstruction of the professional identity takes place through educative practices in a work situation. In this sense, a second objective arises, that is, to analyze the process of the reconstruction of the workers identity from the in-service training. The concept of "double anticipation" of ergology elaborated by Yves Schwartz, according to which human activity is anticipated by social norms and norms of life, underpins the theoreticalmethodological perspective by which the subject is approached. It is assumed that the reconstruction of the professional identity, from the in-service training, happens in the encounter and the confrontation, in the relationship that the professionals experience between the identity conceived institutionally and the identity constructed in the experience of work. As the theme of professional identity is not discussed in the conceptual field of ergology, it has been necessary to introduce it, placing ergology in dialogue with the sociology of professions, especially that built by Claude Dubar. In Dubar's sociology, social identity is understood as resulting from a process of identification in which two transactions are articulated, one biographical (subjective) and the other relational (from the subject to the institutions), which allowed the conceptual approximation between the two fields of study. In addition to the dialogue with Schwartz and Dubar, a dialogue was also sought with those who had experience of education in work situation, that is, with two school nutrition professionals who work together and who completed the Technical Course in School Feeding. The dialogue with the latter was constructed through semi-structured individual interviews in which biographical narrative was used, and collective interviews guided by the concept of "meetings about the work" of the ergological approach, as well as in-situ observations of the work routine of the interlocutors. Based on this approach, the notion was reached that professional identity is being reconstructed in a work situation because, in order to exercise the profession, the workers have to make choices about their own doing and thus are led to renormalize the preceding norms. In the dialogue with the research interlocutors, it can be learned that the reconstruction of the professional identity from the in-service education takes place by the way in which the workers relate to the antecedent norms transmitted by the formative practices in work situation – norms related to knowledge, methods, competencies or values -, that is, the institutionalized attributes of the profession. In a situation of work, these norms come alive in the sense that other knowledge, other methods, other competences and other values are created in the activity of the professionals in the school.

This study is about preschool teacher´s children´s groups experience of large children´s grups in preschool and what it´s concequences. In my view there is little research on the subject of large children´s groups in preschool and therefore I want to contribute with knowledge. I have studied how preschool teachers decribe their experiences and reactions, children´s reactions and educational consequences of large groups. To find answer to the questions, I chose qualitative interviews and these were conducted with five preschool teachers. In order to investigate how preschool teachers experience the phenomenon, I have used Antonosky´s theory and a central concept that I have used is sense of coherence.The results showed that the impact of stress on preschool teachers varied depending on the sense of coherence they experienced. It was found that the preschool teachers  were affected by stress through emotions of frustration, inadequacy, fatigue and that they could not do what they planned. When I aksed what could be donet o make it better, the answer was that number of children in the child group should decrease. / Den här undersökningen handlar om förskollärares upplevelser av stora barngrupper i förskolan och vad det får för konsekvenser. Jag anser att det finns för lite forskning kring ämnet stora barngrupper i förskolan och vill därför bidra med kunskap om det. Jag har undersökt hur förskollärare beskriver sina egna upplevelser och reaktioner, barnens reaktioner och pedagogiska konsekvenser av stora barngrupper. För att undersöka dessa frågor så blev metodvalet kvalitativa intervjuer och dessa genomfördes med fem förskollärare. För att jag ska kunna undersöka hur förskollärare upplever stora barngrupper så har jag använt mig av Antonovskys teori och ett centralt begrepp som jag har använt mig av från honom är en känsla av sammanhang. Studien visade att påverkan av stress hos förskollärare varierade beroende på hur känsla av sammanhang som de hade. Det framkom att förskollärarna upplevde stress genom känslor av frustration, otillräcklighet, trötthet och att de inte hinner göra det som de har planerat. När jag frågade vad man skulle kunna göra för att det ska bli bättre var ett genomgående svar att antalet barn i barngruppen borde minska.

Handelsbranschen utgör en betydande del av den svenska arbetsmarknaden och har under senare år stått inför stora förändringar till följd av den växande näthandeln, något som kan tänkas ha förändrat situationen för säljare i fysiska butiker. För att undersöka hur anställda i detaljhandel upplever sin arbetssituation har kvalitativa intervjuer med personer från sport- och fritidsbutiker genomförts. Säljarnas arbetssituation förstås utifrån upplevelsen av vilka krav som ställs i arbetet, möjligheten att påverka arbetssituationen och vilket socialt stöd som ges, således tolkas säljarnas upplevelser med hjälp av Karaseks och Theorells krav-kontroll-stödmodell som kompletterats med en fördjupad del om stöd till lärande och utveckling. Det empiriska resultatet visar att kundbemötande och service upplevs vara det största och viktigaste kravet att leva upp till. Dessutom ställs kvantitativa krav på säljarna i form av att arbetsgruppen ska leva upp till dagliga försäljningsmål. Till följd av begränsade möjligheter att påverka arbetstidens förläggning och en vilja att spara in på personalresurser, kan perioder av hög arbetsbelastning leda till upplevelsen att inte hinna utföra arbetsuppgifterna på utsatt tid. Socialt stöd framstår som en viktig förutsättning som möjliggör att säljarna lyckas hantera kraven som ställs i arbetet och utökar möjligheten att själv påverka när och hur arbetet utförs. Särskilt avgörande är möjligheten att kunna lämna över arbetsuppgifter till sina kollegor, något som däremot förutsätter att enskilda säljare i arbetsgruppen har tillräcklig kunskap och kompetens för att kunna utföra arbetsuppgifter på olika avdelningar i butiken. Trots att kundbemötandet uppges vara det enskilt största kravet i yrket som butikssäljare, upplevs däremot varken tillräckligt fokus eller tillräckliga resurser läggas på att utveckla säljarna i just det avseendet. / The retail industry is a significant part of the Swedish labor market and has in recent years been facing major changes because of the growing ecommerce. Something that may have changed the situation for sellers in physical stores. To investigate how employees in retail industry experience their work situation, have qualitative interviews with people from sport shops been conducted. The sellers’ work situation is understood based on the experience of the demands placed on the worker, the possibility of influencing the work situation and what kind of social support is provided. The theoretical framework underpinning the experiences is Karsek’s and Theorell’s job demand-control-social support model, which is supplemented by an in-depth section on support for learning and development. The empirical result shows that costumer service is perceived to be the biggest and most important demand to live up to. In addition, quantitative demands are set for the sellers in the form of the working group living up to the daily sales goals. Due to limited opportunities to influence the organization of working hours and a willingness to save on human resources, periods of high workload can lead to the experience of not having to carry out their tasks on time. The social support facilitates the sellers’ ability to fulfill their tasks, manage the demands and extend the possibility to influence when and how the work is done. Particularly crucial is the possibility of handing over tasks to other colleagues, which, on the other hand, requires that individual employees in the working group have sufficient knowledge and competence to be able to perform tasks in different departments in the store. Although customer satisfaction is said to be the single largest recruitment in the profession as a store salesman, neither sufficient focus nor sufficient resources are devoted to developing salespeople in that regard particularly.

The purpose of this study was to investigate how employees experience their mental health and work situation in combination with the current worldwide corona pandemic. A websurvey was sent to workplaces in retail and preschool/kindergarten. The websurvey contained self-constructed questions about the participants' experience of their mental health including depression and anxiety and other mental factors. Their work situation including experience of well-being at work, related to before the pandemic and during the worst period of the pandemic.The study showed that impact from the covid-19 pandemic had an effect on participants' mental state and work situation. Levels of, depression, anxiety, and other mental factors increased during the worst period of the pandemic compared to before the pandemic. In terms of well-being in the workplace, levels of well-being were lower during the worst period of the pandemic compared to before the pandemic according to both of the groups. Perceived working conditions did not differ significantly between the groups. / Syftet med den här studien var att undersöka hur anställda upplevde sin psykiska hälsa och arbetssituation i kombination med den rådande världsomfattande coronapandemin. En webbenkät skickades till flera arbetsplatser inom handels och förskola/förskoleklass. Webbenkäten innehöll egenkonstruerade frågor om deltagarnas upplevelse av sin psykiska hälsa i form av nedstämdhet och ångest samt andra psykiska faktorer. Sin arbetssituation i form av upplevelse av välbefinnande på arbetet relaterade till före pandemin och under pandemins värsta period. Studien visade att påverkan från covid-19-pandemin gav inverkan på deltagarnas mentala tillstånd och arbetssituation. Nivåerna av nedstämdhet, ångest, och andra psykiska faktorer ökade under den värsta perioden av pandemin jämfört med före pandemin. Anställdas arbetssituation från båda grupperna påverkades av pandemin då trivsel på arbetet förekom i lägre grad under den värsta perioden av pandemin jämfört med före. Anställdas upplevda förutsättningar för att arbeta under pandemin skilde sig inte signifikant åt mellan grupperna.

Titel: “Man behöver verkligen varandra” - En kvalitativ studie gällande vilka faktorer som påverkar socialsekreterares arbetssituation och vilka erfarenheter socialsekreterare har av socialt stöd på arbetsplatsen. Författare: Martina Johnsträd och Per Jonsson Arbetssituationen för socialsekreterare är idag mycket komplex, arbetsbelastningen är hög, många kommuner lider av hög personalomsättning och sjukskrivningarna har de senaste åren ökat. En skyddsfaktor för när arbetssituationen präglas av höga krav och låg kontroll är socialt stöd. Socialt stöd har visat sig ha en skyddande effekt även i de fall då arbetsbelastningen är hög. Uppsatsens syfte var att undersöka hur socialsekreterare upplevde sin arbetssituation och hur de upplevde det sociala stödet på arbetsplatsen. Syftet konkretiseras i följande frågeställningar: “Vilka faktorer påverkar socialsekreterares arbetssituation?” och “Vilka erfarenheter har socialsekreterare av socialt stöd på arbetsplatsen?” Uppsatsen genomfördes utifrån en kvalitativ metod och bestod av intervjuer med sju socialsekreterare yrkesverksamma inom barn- och familj eller ekonomiskt bistånd. Krav-kontroll-stödmodellen användes som teori för att analysera uppsatsens resultat. Enligt uppsatsens resultat framkom att socialsekreterarna värderade socialt stöd högst av allt när det kom till avgörande faktorer för att trivas och stanna på en arbetsplats. Majoriteten av socialsekreterarna hade en positiv upplevelse av sin arbetssituation trots att de upplevde hög arbetsbelastning och andra påfrestningar i arbetet vilket förklaras med krav-kontroll-stödmodellen där hög kontroll ihop med höga krav utformar en arbetssituation som främjar lärande och kan begränsa negativ stress. / Title: "You really need each other" - A qualitative study regarding what factors affect the social workers work situation and what experiences the social worker have of social support in the workplace.  Authors: Martina Johnsträd and Per Jonsson  The work situation for social workers today is very complex, the workload is high, many municipalities suffer from high staff turnover and sick leave has increased in recent years. A factor that has a protective effect against high work demands and low control is social support. Social support has been shown to have a protective effect even in cases where the workload is high. The purpose of the study was to investigate how social workers experienced their work situation and how they experienced social support in the workplace. The purpose is concretized in the following questions: "What factors affect the social secretary's work situation?" and "What is the experience of social workers with social assistance in the workplace?" The study was conducted based on a qualitative method and consisted of interviews with seven social workers working with children and families or financial assistance. The demand-control-supportmodel were used to analyze the results of the study. According to the results of the study, it shows that the social workers valued social support most of all when it came to decisive factors for well-being and staying in a workplace. The majority of social workers had a positive experience of their work situation despite experiencing high workload and other stresses at work, which is explained by demandcontrol-supportmodel where high control together with high demands shapes a work situation that promotes learning and can limit negative stress.

Abstrakt Bakgrund: Skollagen ligger till grund för den samlade elevhälsan, som ska arbeta för att främja elevers välmående och lärande genom att arbeta med hälsofrämjande och förebyggande insatser. Skolsköterskan som tillhör den medicinska elevhälsan arbetar med insatser på individ- och gruppnivå. Skolsköterskan har en mångfald av arbetsuppgifter, alltifrån enklare sjukvård till samtal, hälsosamtal och vaccinationer. Arbetet är mångfacetterande och komplext och till stor del ett ensamarbete. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa skolsköterskors upplevelser av arbetssituationen. Design: Kvalitativ metod Metod: Nio semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes. Intervjuerna spelades in, transkriberades ordagrant och analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys med framtagande av domäner, kategorier och underkategorier. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i två domäner, fyra kategorier och nio underkategorier. En domän blev Arbetssituationens positiva anda med kategorierna Möten som stärker arbetssituationen med underkategorierna; Arbetskollegor som stöd och Kontaktnät tryggt och trivsamt. Känslor av möjligheter och stimulans; Positivt med självständig planering, Förändringsvilja och utvecklingsvisioner och Inspirerande och trivsam arbetsmiljö. Andra domänen blev Arbetssituationens negativa anda med kategorierna Kraven överstiger resurserna; Frustration och otillräcklighet och Tidsbrist och Svåra möten och ensamt arbete; Hantera komplicerade situationer och att inte nå fram samt Känsla av ensamhet. Slutsats: Skolsköterskorna upplever glädje och gemenskap i sin skolmiljö men också brist på tid och resurser som ibland leder till känslor av otillräcklighet. Resultatet pekar mot att skolsköterskan behöver mer resurser och mer tid i deras yrkesroll för att upprätthålla den positiva andan som finns samtidigt som yrket ses som världens bästa jobb. Resultatet visar också att verktyg behövs för att hjälpa skolsköterskan i deras pedagogiska roll men också i att hantera svåra situationer. Nyckelord: skolsköterska, upplevelser, arbetssituation, omvårdnad, kvalitativ innehållsanalys, krav-, kontroll- och stödmodell. / Abstract Background: School law in Sweden (Skollagen) is the basis for the overall student health, which will work to promote the well-being and learning of students by working on health promotion and prevention. The school nurse who belongs to medical student health is involved in efforts at individual and group level. The nurse has a variety of tasks, ranging from easier healthcare to conversations, health calls and vaccinations. The work is multifaceted and complex and largely a loneliness. Aim: The purpose of the study was to highlight the school nurses' experiences of the work situation. Design: Qualitative method. Method: Nine semistructured interviews were conducted. The interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed by qualitative content analysis and domains, categories and subcategories emerged. Results: The analysis resulted in two domains, four categories and nine subcategories. One domain became The positive spirit of the working situation with the categories Meetings that strengthen the work situation with the subcategories; Work colleagues as support and Contactnet safe and enjoyable. Feelings of opportunities and stimulus; Positive with independent planning, Willingness to change and developmental visions and Inspiring and pleasant working environment. The other domain became The negative spirit of the working situation with the categories The requirement exceeds the resources with the subcategories; Frustration and inadequacy and Lack of time and Difficult meetings and lone work; Managing complicated situations and Not reaching and feeling of loneliness Conclusion: School nurses experience joy and community in their school environment, but also lack of time and resources that sometimes lead to feelings of inadequacy. The result indicates that the school nurse needs more resources and more time in their professional role to maintain the positive spirit that is at the same time as the profession is the world’s best job. The results also show that tools are needed to help the school nurse in their educational role but also in dealing with difficult situations. Keywords: school nurse, experiences, work situation, nursing, qualitative content analysis, demand-, control- and support model

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:30:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LUCIA MARIA PISSOLATTI DA SILVA NAVARRO.pdf: 2887846 bytes, checksum: 5dddc7e4c850a14fb5df16e46c70cf4c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-11 / We built on on the vivencial analysis of a group of twenty one (21) professionals who work in an admission center for patients in acute mental suffering, in a mental health institution in S?o Paulo. In this analysis, some work related issues were detected, such as difficulties in working in teams, communicating and dealing with people. Such difficulties heavily impact on the way patients are treated by the staff, and also causes professionals to feel underestimated and not appreciated enough for their potential. The main purpose of this research is to investigate the meaning behind work and work situation education which took place while this research was being conducted, for professionals who work in the mental health area in public hospitals. It was also intended to analyze the potential of this type of education, which made use of artistic materialities as means to promote reflection in and raise the awareness of the professionals involved in relation to the job they perform. As theoretical and methodological support, we chose to tackle Cultural Historical Psychology conjectures, more importantly those of art psychology developed by Vigotski. As a result, we observed that work situation education actions promote the development of the human dimension in this condition. At the same time, we highlight the fact that the arts, used as the mediator of reflection that follows the practice, favored a corageous approach as well as the planning of situations and the coming up of solutions, revealing this strategy's educational potential on the broadening of professionals' consciousness on praxis transformation. It was also our concern to emphasize that regardless the established partnership with the institution, the insertion of a work situation education project needs legitimation, be it from the professionals involved themselves, the manager and the public policies institution that aims to promote and support this insertion, under this perspective and in an ampler way. / Partimos da an?lise vivencial de um grupo de vinte e um (21) profissionais que atuam em um n?cleo de interna??o de pacientes com sofrimento mental em estado agudo, em uma institui??o hospitalar em sa?de mental localizada na cidade de S?o Paulo, em que se detectam problemas na rela??o desses profissionais com o trabalho, a saber: dificuldades em trabalhar coletivamente, em comunicar-se e relacionar-se. Estas impactam diretamente a qualidade do atendimento prestado ao paciente e geram, nos profissionais, o sentimento de falta de reconhecimento de seu trabalho. A pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar os sentidos do trabalho e da forma??o em situa??o de trabalho realizada no per?odo em que se desenvolveu esta tese, para profissionais que atuam em sa?de mental no sistema p?blico de sa?de. Tamb?m se buscou analisar o potencial desta forma??o, que se utilizou uso de materialidades mediadoras art?sticas para promover a reflex?o e conscientiza??o dos profissionais envolvidos sobre seu papel no atendimento aos pacientes e no trabalho do hospital. Utilizou-se como aporte te?rico e metodol?gico os pressupostos da Psicologia Hist?rico Cultural, sobretudo aqueles da psicologia da arte desenvolvidos por Vigotski. Como resultado, observou-se que as a??es de forma??o em situa??o de trabalho promovem o desenvolvimento da dimens?o do humano em situa??o de trabalho, permitindo desvelar a intrincada trama de sentidos configurados pelos profissionais. Evidenciou-se, tamb?m, que apesar da parceria estabelecida com o gestor, a inser??o de um projeto de forma??o em situa??o de trabalho carece de legitima??o, seja por parte dos pr?prios profissionais, do gestor e da institui??o de pol?ticas p?blicas voltadas ? sa?de mental que promovam e sustentem esta inser??o, nesta perspectiva.