Orientador: Maria Inês Monteiro / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Enfermagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T14:28:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_TelmaTerezinhaRibeiroda_D.pdf: 2838758 bytes, checksum: 178b02fd4ad550af6630633b081d35e4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Introdução: A avaliação do absenteísmo e suas causas nas organizações demonstradas em estudos científicos apontam para um cenário de multicausalidade, envolvendo aspectos sociodemográficos, da qualidade de vida e seus domínios e do comportamento organizacional. Objetivo: Identificar as variáveis sociodemográficas, do comportamento organizacional e da qualidade de vida associadas ao absenteísmo em trabalhadores de empresa que atua na área de manufatura eletrônica. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo epidemiológico transversal de uma população com amostra representativa (n=536) trabalhadores de empresa de manufatura de eletrônicos na região metropolitana de Campinas-SP que ocupavam, em 2011, o cargo de operadores de produção, agrupados conforme o número de faltas nos últimos doze meses. Foram utilizados questionários autoaplicáveis para coleta de dados sociodemográficos, sobre a qualidade de vida e a satisfação no trabalho. As associações entre variáveis foram analisadas por meio do teste qui-quadrado, análise de variância e co-variância. Foram utilizados modelos de regressão logística simples e um modelo múltiplo através do método stepwise de seleção de variáveis. Resultados: Faltar mais dias no trabalho esteve associado ao sexo feminino, segunda atividade e turno noturno, com os índices de qualidade de vida geral e domínios físico, psicológico e ambiente. O domínio Ambiente com as facetas, renda, lazer e aquisição de informações, contribuíram negativamente para a qualidade de vida em todos os grupos. As variáveis organizacionais, que compreendem desenho organizacional, realização e crescimento, processos organizacionais e características do trabalho demonstraram correlação entre satisfação no trabalho e absenteísmo. Conclusão: As causas do absenteísmo compreendem variáveis multifatoriais de caráter individual e organizacional. Os estudos recentes sobre este assunto sugerem que as organizações utilizem processos, métodos científicos e base teórica consistente a fim diagnosticarem adequadamente os fatores envolvidos e estabelecer políticas e processos que contribuam efetivamente para a melhoria da qualidade de vida no trabalho / Abstract: Introduction: The evaluation of absenteeism causes in organizations demonstrated in many scientific researches a scenario of multiple causes, involving social demographic characteristics, quality of life and their domains and organizational behavior aspects. Objective: To identify the social demographic variables of organizational behavior and quality of life associated to absenteeism among workers in a company which operates in the field of electronic manufacturing.Methodology: It is a cross-sectional epidemiological study with a representative sample (n=536) of employees of an electronics manufacture company in Campinas-SP metropolitan area that occupied, in 2011, the assembly lines operators, grouped based on the number of absences in the last twelve months. Self-administered questionnaires to collect data on social demographic and quality of life and job satisfaction were used. The associations between variables were analyzed by chi-square test, analysis of variance and co-variance. Models of simple and one multiple logistic regression model through the step wise variable selection method were used. Results: Being absent more days at work was associated to female gender, second job, night shift, general quality of life (physical, psychological and environmental domains). The Environment domain, with the income, leisure and information acquisition aspects, contributed negatively to the quality of life in all groups. The organizational variables, which include organizational design, development and growth, organizational processes and job characteristics, demonstrated correlation between satisfaction on the job and absenteeism. Conclusion: The causes of absenteeism include multifactorial variables of individual and organizational character. Recent studies on this subject advise that the organizations use processes, scientific methods and consistent theoretical basis in order to diagnose adequately the factors involved and establish policies and processes that contribute effectively to the improvement of quality of life at work / Doutorado / Enfermagem e Trabalho / Doutora em Ciências da Saúde

The master thesis deals with connection of two important themes in a labour environment - leadership and health. The theoretical part is about defining the two concepts. In case of leadership, the main objective is to describe current roles, expected competencies of a leader and also a brief presentation of the main theoretical approaches to the leadership styles. Within health theme, working conditions usually mentioned in specialized literature as a risk to our health are described in detail. The outcome of these two chapters is to provide insight into the health-oriented leadership overlapping to describe abroad developed method Health-oriented leadership (HoL). Empirical part verifies basic psychometric data of the HoL method. The results of the research which was conducted on a sample of 76 followers and 17 leaders show that each version of the HoL method (StaffCare for leaders, StaffCare for followers, SelfCare) provides satisfactory item quality and sufficient reliability (Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.494 to 0.958). Goal of the validation research questions was to assess construct and criterion validity - the results are diverse and offers a number of correlations between versions of this method and different variables (e.g. a lifestyle, working conditions, health status, etc.). The...

La fréquence des accidents en mer et l'ampleur des dégâts de certains d'entre eux permettent de s'interroger sur l'efficacité des mesures de sécurité et de sûreté maritimes. En parallèle, l'importante participation du facteur humain dans la survenance de ces accidents devient une réalité de plus en plus acceptée. Les conditions de vie et de travail des marins à bord des navires, l'effectif, la durée de travail... sont autant d'éléments déterminants dans la survenance de l'erreur humaine. Ce sont, par conséquent, autant d'éléments à considérer dans la prévention des accidents, sans pour autant les dissocier du système organisationnel global. Pourtant, à travers le monde, les mesures législatives prenant en considération ces éléments sont rares et souffrent d'une application partielle et d'un manque considérable de contrôle à l'occasion des différentes inspections maritimes. Même si cette constatation varie d'un État maritime à un autre, la Tunisie n'y déroge pas. Des lacunes en la matière existent aussi bien au niveau de l'adoption des lois, que de leur application effective ou du contrôle leur étant réservé. Il conviendra d'en déceler les causes et d'essayer de les combler / The frequency of maritime accidents and the extent of the damage some of them cause, can cast doubt on the effectiveness of maritime safety and security measures. At the same time, the ever increasing rôle played by man in such occurrences has been steadily recognized. Sailors' living and working conditions on board, crew size and working hours are just a few ofthe significant factors wich have contributed to human error. As a result, such factors, should not be excluded from the global organizational system when considering accident prevention. Nevertheless, throughout the word, legislative measures including these elements are either few and far between, only partially applied or immensely difficult to enforce during maritime inspections. Even if this observation varies from one maritime state to another, Tunisia is no exception. Shortcomings in the field range from, flaws in the adoption of laws, to ineffective law implementation, without forgetting the level of control they are granted. This paper will detect the causes behind this situation and go some way in attempting to remedy the failings

This thesis examines two aspects of social inequalities in health with three empirical studies that are based on the Swedish Level of Living survey (LNU): The relationship between accumulated occupational class positions during adulthood and health and the class-specific nature of gender differences in health. Previous research continuously finds that there are health differences by class and gender, but less is known about the extent to which accumulated class experiences in adulthood are related to health or how gender differences vary by class. The overall conclusion in this thesis is that occupational class experiences matters for health, both as historical and current experiences. Furthermore, the results highlight the importance of taking class into consideration when examining health differences between men and women, as the mechanisms that underlie the gender gaps in health are not necessarily the same for all classes. The studies can be outlined as: Study I: Class differences in working conditions is a mechanism that underlies class inequalities in health. The working class is generally more exposed to adverse working environments than non-manual employees, and when the wear and tear of these conditions accumulate over time, the length of this exposure may contribute to class inequalities in health. Thereby, accumulated time in the working class is studied as a partial explanation for class differences in health. The results suggest that the duration of time in the working class is related to a higher probability of less than good self-rated general health (SRH), given current class position. This association was also found among individuals who were no longer in working class positions and thus show that duration of experience matters, both as current and past experience. Study II: The study addresses the research gap of class-specificity in gender health inequality and seeks to further disentangle class and gender by studying gender gaps separately by class. The results show that there are class-specific gender gaps for both SRH and musculoskeletal pain, while the gender gap in psychiatric distress appears to be more general across class. Working conditions do not explain the between-class differences in gender gaps but contribute to specific gender differences in health within classes. Study III: The labour market has changed over time and has “upgraded” the class structure while at the same time the share of women in paid employment has increased. Therefore, female health may be increasingly influenced by occupational factors, such as working conditions. This study explores the class-specific nature of gender differences and investigates musculoskeletal pain and working conditions among employed men and women within classes during a time-period that spanned more than 30 years. There were class-specific gender gaps in health throughout the period. The gender gap has increased more, and is wider, among non-manual employees compared to the working classes. This development could not be explained by changes in working conditions. / <p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Manuscript. Paper 3: Manuscript.</p>

L'intérim est un mode d'utilisation de la force de travail qui offre aux entreprises des facilités d'embauche et de révocation de la main d'oeuvre. Cette thèse rend compte de la condition sociale des intérimaires « non-qualifiés ». La réflexion se situe dans le champ de l'ethnologie du travail et des techniques. L'enquête s'est déroulée sur plusieurs années à partir d'une immersion au sein de différentes entreprises du Sud-est de la France (Grasse, 06). Une attention particulière est portée aux techniques, aux savoir-faire et à leur transmission, ainsi qu'aux outils et aux connaissances plus ou moins lacunaires mis à disposition des intérimaires par les entreprises utilisatrices. Les parcours que ces salariés empruntent au sein des unités de production, de leur mise à l'écart jusqu'à leur inclusion dans les collectifs de travail, sont examinés. Toutes ces dimensions sont traversées et orientées par le caractère temporaire du régime d'embauche. Chaque fois qu'une mission s'achève et qu'une autre débute, les intérimaires doivent nouer d'autres relations, se forger d'autres habitudes et mettre en oeuvre de nouvelles techniques, toutes aussi temporaires et incertaines, perdant ainsi l'esquisse des automatismes à peine intégrés. Il apparaît également que la mobilisation productive et subjective des intérimaires dépend de la durée potentielle de leurs contrats. Cette vulnérabilité contractuelle a divers effets en fonction des aspirations de chaque salarié et des usages que chacun fait de l'intérim. Lorsque la maîtrise de l'emploi du temps comme celle de l'avenir font défaut, c'est l'insertion sociale tout entière qui s'en trouve affectée. / Temporary work is a way of using the workforce which allows companies to hire and repeal the labour with ease. This thesis reports the social condition of the "unskilled" temporary workers. The ethnological investigation took place over several years through a participative observation, as a temporary worker, within various companies. The reflection belongs to the field of the ethnology of work. The analysis is based on the examination of the working conditions, by paying a particular attention on techniques, by questioning the know-how and their transmission, as well as by observing tools and the more or less incomplete knowledge given to temporary workers by the user companies. This thesis also describes the paths they can follow in the production units; from their sidelining to their inclusion in the work collectives. All these dimensions are crossed and directed by the temporary nature of this type of hiring. Every time a mission ends and every time another one begins, temporary employees have to build other relationships, find other habits and operate new techniques, just as temporary and uncertain, thus losing recent barely integrated automatisms. The specific know-how and the practical adaptations which they develop in front of this situation of indecision are examined in this thesis. It also seems that the productive and subjective mobilization of the temporary workers depends on the potential duration of their missions. This contractual vulnerability has diverse effects depending on the aspirations of each employee and their use of temporary work. Without control over one's timetable and one's future it is the whole social integration process which is affected.

Orientador: Elisabete Monteiro de Aguiar Pereira / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T11:42:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lima_LilianaAparecidade_D.pdf: 1769855 bytes, checksum: 14ecc19b331c1dcd4c2fd31f74d3ae23 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: A expansão do ensino superior privado no Brasil avança rapidamente e a desregulamentação, financeirização e desnacionalização tem marcado fortemente este crescimento acelerado com grandes fusões entre instituições educacionais que seguem construindo conglomerados com participação na bolsa de valores, o que reforça o crescimento de uma concepção mercadológica do ensino privado no país. Esta concepção mercantil determina muitas das condições de trabalho dos professores nestas instituições e, consequentemente, estas condições de trabalho impactam a subjetividade destes professores. O presente estudo propôs como objetivo geral, pesquisar junto aos/as professores do Ensino Superior Privado, sindicalizados ao Sindicato dos Professores da Rede Privada de Ensino de Campinas e Região, como as suas subjetividades são impactadas e se manifestam a partir de determinadas condições de trabalho a que estão submetidos nas IES Privadas. Por "impacto" adota-se a definição de ser uma "influência decisiva dos acontecimentos no decurso da história". O estudo apresenta uma contextualização da expansão do Ensino Superior Privado no Brasil; reúne vários autores que versam sobre a subjetividade em uma concepção sócio-histórica e marxista, tanto do ponto de vista da Psicologia quanto da Sociologia. Foram sujeitos da pesquisa 29 professores que responderam a um questionário com perguntas abertas e fechadas. Os dados coletados foram compreendidos a partir do método fenomenológico de Amedeo Giorgi e a discussão foi realizada a partir de uma análise qualitativa.. Os dados revelam que 88% dos professores se dizem estressados, seguido do tempo que o trabalho retira de lazer, de convívio com a família e com os amigos com 76%; surgem as manifestações de adoecimento em mais da metade dos/as pesquisados/as com 52% e o medo de perder o emprego acomete 52% dos professores. Apesar disso, 68% dos professores não mudariam de profissão. Evidencia-se, portanto, através da análise de impacto sobre a subjetividade destes professores que as condições de trabalho vivenciadas pelos mesmos impactam negativamente as suas subjetividades tornando-as subjetividades precarizadas. / Abstract: The private universities in Brazil are nowadays in a fast wave of development, therefore there are no financing, rules and nationalization. It grows with lack of infrastructure. Some universities have joined forces with others educational parties and there is a furor of building big campus, huge buildings and having these institutions even being able to negotiated at the stock market, reinforcing the idea that private education is becoming a business rather than a matter of teaching and learning. This commercial conception rules and dictates the way professors should teach and manage duties incurring in a confront sometimes with the ideals of teaching as a profession. This study proposed general objective research, together with as teachers of Private Higher Education, the Teachers Union unionized Private Network for Teaching and Campinas Region, as their subjectivities are impacted and manifest from certain working conditions they are submitted in private HEIs. By 'impact' adopts the definition of being a "decisive influence events in the course of history." The study presents a context of expansion of Private Higher Education in Brazil, brings together several authors that deal with the subjectivity in a socio-historical conception and Marxist, both from the point of view of Psychology as of Sociology. A questionnaire was proposed with open questions and closed ones and presented to 29 professors. The data collected was understood/ analyzed under Amedeo Giorgi method ?? phenomenological; a discussion also was proposed under a view of a qualitative analysis.The result of this study shows that 88% of the professors say they are stressed; followed by 76% of complains about little time with family, friends and lack of outside leisure; 52% of the professors ?? more than half of them will show some kind of illness and finally 52% of them are afraid of losing their job. Nevertheless, 68% stated they would not change profession. It demonstrates therefore, that the working conditions experienced by the professors to negatively impact their subjectivities becoming precarious. / Doutorado / Ensino e Práticas Culturais / Doutor em Educação

The employment status of persons caring for a child Abstract The content of this thesis is the employment status of persons caring for a child. It is a topic that affects most people, mainly women, as it is a very current issue with a high social importance. Parenthood and childcare have a significant impact on an employee's working life, as the position of these persons under labor law is considerably more difficult and their protection is therefore absolutely essential in this area. The thesis deals in a comprehensive way with individual areas of labor law that are affected by child care. The thesis is concentrating on all phases of child care and according to this the thesis is divided systematically into five chapters. The first chapter analyzes the current legislation not only on national but also international level as well as it analyzes the European Union law. The second chapter is devoted to the working conditions of women during their pregnancy, the third chapter deals with the time after childbirth, such as maternity, the institution of maternity leave and the corresponding benefit of social security law. The rights of the father of the child after childbirth are also taken into account. The fourth chapter deals with parental leave together with parental allowance. The final chapter deals with...

Background: Healthcare personnel (HCP) often experience undesirable working conditions. Risk behaviours for organism transmission can lead to healthcare associated infections and risk behaviours has been described to be influenced by working conditions. Research is lacking regarding HCPs working conditions and its relation to risk behaviours for organism transmission which this thesis aims to investigate.  Methods: Study I had a mixed-methods convergent design. Observations and interviews were performed with 79 HCP, i.e., registered nurses (RNs) and assistant nurses (ANs). First-line managers were interviewed about the unit´s overall working conditions. The qualitative and quantitative data were analysed separately and then merged. Study II was a cross-sectional study with 417 RNs and ANs. The questionnaire included: self-efficacy to aseptic care, structural empowerment (SE), work engagement (WE) and work-related stress (WRS). Correlational analysis and group comparisons were performed.  Results: In Study I risk behaviours frequently occurred regardless of measurable and perceived working conditions. The HCP described e.g. staffing levels and interruptions to influence risk behaviours. In the statistical analyses, risk behaviours were more frequent in interrupted activities and when the HCP worked together. In Study II the HCP rated high levels of self-efficacy to aseptic care. Differences were found between self-efficacy and some of the grouped working condition variables and definite but small relationships were found between self-efficacy to aseptic care and SE/WE/WRS.  Conclusion: The HCP rated high levels of self-efficacy to aseptic care, but on the other hand, risk behaviours frequently occurred irrespective of working conditions. Healthcare managers are responsible for HCPs work environment and should continuously work to promote sufficient working conditions and to increase HCPs understanding of risk behaviours, which consequently also promote patient safety.

This master thesis is focused on the analysis of care for employees in the company. It provides information about the theory of security of work and work environment and it compares the theoretical knowledge with real conditions in the company. In the conclusion, it offers instructions of improving the current precautions in terms of work environment and safety and health protection at work.

The Diploma thesis is dealing with creativity, innovation and organizational culture. In the theoretical part are defined relationships between these aspects. In the practical part, based on a questionnaire survey, personal observation and interviews with employees of IBM Delivery Center Brno Central Europe an evaluation of organizational culture is created. And based on the identified deficiencies, the proposals leading to increased creativity of individuals and teams in the company, increased employee‘s motivation and improved overall organizational culture of the company, are made.