Simple robots are already being deployed and adopted by some consumers for use at home. The robots currently in development for home use are far more sophisticated. However, it was not know the extent to which humans would trust them. The purpose of this study was to identify factors that influence trust in domestic service robots across a range of users with different capabilities and experience levels. Twelve younger adults (aged 18-28) and 24 older adults (12 low technology users and 12 high technology users) aged 65-75 participated in a structured interview, card-sorting task, and several questionnaires. Most participants had heard about or seen robots, but indicated they had little experience with them. However, most had positive opinions about robots and indicated they would trust a robot to assist with tasks in their homes, though it was dependent on the task. Before making a decision to trust a robot, participants wanted to know a lot of information about the robot such robot reliability, capabilities, and limitations. When asked to select their trust preference for human versus robot assistance for specific tasks, participants had preferences for both human and robot assistance, although it was dependent on the task. Many participants defined trust in robots similar to definitions of trust in automation (Ezer, 2008; Jian et al., 2000). Additionally, they had high rates of selection for adjectives used to describe trust in automation and also selected some adjectives used to describe trust in humans when asked to select characteristics they most associated with trustworthy and untrustworthy robots. Overall, there were some differences between age and technology experience groups, but there were far more similarities. By carefully considering user needs, robot designers can develop robots that have the potential to be adopted by a wide range of people.

In the teenager year the decisive critical period starts. A person starts to integrate everything what he knows about himself, his aptitude, faculty, social values and in the active way reaches for proficiency, successful activities. In such a period upbringing problems occur which start from the alternation of mood, permanent reactions of protest and the indifferent style of behavior. The majority of such the problems could be reduced and relieve while perceiving and fulfilling spiritual demands of teenagers. One of the training courses is the individualization of educational content. It means the teacher has to consider individual features of a student. The scientific problem of our work is individualization of the content of dramatic training; for the aim to suit younger teenagers’ spiritual demands. The object of our work is individualization of the content of dramatic training while meeting the spiritual demands of younger teenagers. The aim of our work is to find out the most successful ways of the individualization of the content of dramatic training for younger teenagers. The analysis of literature sources has proved that it is essential to individualize the content of training considering the individual peculiarities such as gender, cultural and famility distinction, emotional originality, peculiarities of age range, momentary mood, which determine the spiritual demands of younger teenagers. Artistical training meets aesthetical as well as other personal... [to full text]

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Magistro darbo tema – vyresniosios ir jaunesniosios kartos santykių įtampos laukas bei jo mažinimas švietimo veikla (Kaišiadorių rajono atveju). Tema aktuali, nes pastaruoju metu nebeišlaikoma pusiausvyra tarp kartų ir manoma, kad švietimas yra vienas iš būdų užtikrinti visaverčio senėjančios visuomenės gyvenimo galimybes. Darbas teoriškai ir praktiškai reikšmingas, nes vyresniosios ir jaunesniosios kartos santykių įtampos lauko mažinimas švietimo veikla dar mažai tyrinėtas. Tyrimo objektas – vyresnioji ir jaunesnioji karta bei jų santykiai senstančioje visuomenėje. Tyrimo problema – vyresniosios ir jaunesniosios kartos santykių įtampos laukas senstančioje visuomenėje. Tyrimo hipotezė: tarp kartų egzistuoja pakankamai ryškūs vertybinių orientacijų skirtumai. Tyrimo tikslas – atskleisti vyresniosios ir jaunesniosios kartos santykių įtampos mažinimo švietimo veikla galimybes. Tikslas realizuojamas šiais uždaviniais: a) išanalizuoti vyresniosios ir jaunesniosios kartos situaciją; b) aptarti švietimo veiklos galimybes vyresniosios ir jaunesniosios kartos santykių įtampai mažinti; c) ištirti vyresniosios ir jaunesniosios kartos vertybes bei santykių tarp kartų formavimo švietimo veikla galimybes Kaišiadorių rajone. Tyrimo metodai: teorinė literatūros bei galiojančių teisės aktų analizė; Kaišiadorių rajono savivaldybės administracijos, Kaišiadorių rajono nevalstybinių organizacijų parengtų dokumentų analizė; anketinė Kaišiadorių rajono gyventojų apklausa; tyrimo duomenų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The subject is very important, because nowadays balance between generations isn’t keep and, supposedly, education is one of the means to safeguard possibilities of life for a new senescent society. The paper is theoretically and practically significant because intension field of relations between younger and old generations almost aren’t still studied. The object of this study is the younger and older generations and their relations in the senescent society. The problem of the study is intension field of relations between younger and old generations in the senescent society. The hypothesis of this study: enough keen differences of values’ orientations between generations exist. The purpose of this study is to reveal the possibilities of relief of the intension field of relations between younger and older generations with the help of education activity. The purpose is reached by these goals: a) to analyze the situation of younger and older generations; b) to discuss what are the possibilities of education activity which can relief the intension field of relations between younger and older generations; c) to explore values of younger and older generations and possibilities of formation of relations between generations with the help of education activity in Kaisiadorys District. The methods of the study: analysis of scientific literature and law deeds, analysis of documents of Administration of Kaisiadorys District Municipality and Kaisiadorys non-governmental organizations... [to full text]

Magistro darbo tikslas – išnagrinėti mokinių mokymosi motyvus ir mokyklinį nerimastingumą. Buvo iškelta hipotezė – egzistuoja ryšys tarp skirtingų mokymosi motyvų ir nevienodų mokyklinio nerimo apraiškų. Tikėtina, kad stipriausias ryšys yra tarp socialinio pripažinimo motyvo ir mokyklinio nerimastingumo apraiškų. Tyrimo metodika. Mokinių mokymosi motyvams tirti buvo naudojama E. Zambacevičienės, D. Janulytės anketa „Kodėl aš mokausi“. Mokinių nerimastingumo lygiui nustatyti buvo naudota B. Fillipso metodika „Mokyklinio nerimo diagnostinis įvertinimas“. Tyrime dalyvavo 200 respondentų: po 100 miesto ir kaimo mokyklose besimokančių 4 klasės mokinių. Tyrimo rezultatai. Atlikus jaunesniojo mokyklinio amžiaus mokinių mokymosi motyvų tyrimą nustatyta, kad daugumai respondentų būdingesnis socialinio pripažinimo motyvas. Miesto mokyklose besimokančiųjų tarpe yra daugiau mokinių, kuriems būdingas vidinis mokymosi motyvas. Atskleisti nežymūs skirtumai lyčių atžvilgiu: yra daugiau berniukų, negu mergaičių, kuriems būdingas socialinio pripažinimo motyvas. Atlikus mokinių nerimastingumo lygio tyrimą nustatyta, jog tiriamiesiems yra būdingas padidėjęs arba aukštas mokyklinio nerimastingumo lygis. Atskleisti nedideli skirtumai lyčių atžvilgiu: mergaičių nerimastingumo lygis yra aukštesnis nei berniukų. Kaimo mokyklose ugdomų moksleivių nerimastingumo lygis yra žemesnis, nei besimokančiųjų mieste. Daugumai tiriamųjų būdinga aplinkinių lūkesčių nepateisinimo, saviraiškos, žinių... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Aim – to examine the reasons for student learning and school anxiety. Hypothesis – there is a link between learning motivation and different manifestations of anxiety at school. It is likely that the strongest link is between social recognition motif and school anxiety manifestations. Methods. There was used a questionnaire „Why I Teach“ made by E. Zambacevičienė and D. Janulytė to investigate the students‘ learning motives. The method „School anxiety diagnostic evaluation“made by B. Fillips was used to identify students‘anxiety level. The study included 200 respondents: 100 urban and 100 rural school pupils of class 4. Results. The study of the younger students found that most respondents are of typical social recognition motif. Among urban schools there are more students with a strong inner learning motivation. There were revealed slight differences between the sexes: there are more boys than girls with a strong social recognition motif. The study of students‘anxiety level found that students are characterized by enlarged or high school anxiety level. There were revealed small differences in gender: girls‘anxiety level is higher than boys‘. Anxiety level in rural schools is lower than in the urban ones. Most respondents are characterized by low expectation from the people around, self-expression and knowledge testing fear. The study hypothesis was confirmed, and the strongest relationship is between social recognition motif and school anxiety manifestations. The paper... [to full text]

Bakalauro darbo objektas- jaunesniųjų paauglių socialinių įgūdžių ugdymas. Tėvų emigracija, nedarbas, alkoholio vartojimas sparčiai didina gyvenimo sąlygų skirtumus tarp šeimų, išryškina silpnąsias šeimos vietas. Dėl to šeimai šiandien reikia, kur kas didesnio dėmesio ir paramos, padėti spręsti iškilusias problemas. Labiausiai socialinių įgūdžių pagalbos reikia vaikams iš socialinės rizikos šeimų. Būtent iš tokių šeimų ir ateina jaunesnieji paaugliai į vaikų dienos centrą.Tyrimu siekta ugdyti jaunesniųjų paauglių socialinius įgūdžius (programa) ir įvertinti socialinių įgūdžių dinamiką prieš ir po programos. Šiam tikslui pasiekti buvo sudaryta Socialinių įgūdžių programa, bei taikoma anketinė apklausa. Tiriamąją imtį sudarė 15 jaunesniųjų paauglių, lankančių vaikų dienos centrą. Teorinėje dalyje pateikiami jaunesniųjų paauglių psichosocialinės raidos ypatumai, pozityviosios socializacijos veiksniai ir galimi pavojai. Aprašoma jaunesniųjų paauglių , augančių socialinės rizikos šeimose, socialiniai įgūdžiai ir jų ugdymas. Taip pat aptariamos socialinių įgūdžių ugdymo programos Lietuvoje ir užsienio šalyse. / Subject of Bachelor Thesis “Development of Social Skills of the Younger Adolescents Attending Children Day Care Centre”: development of social skills of the younger adolescents. Emigration of parents, unemployment, alcohol abuse rapidly increase the differences between living conditions of families, highlight the weak points of a family. Therefore a contemporary family needs much more attention and support, provision of assistance in solving the occurring problems. Children form social risk families need most help in the sphere of social skills. The youngrt adolescents come to children day care centre exactly from such families.The aim of the research is development of social skills of the younger adolescents (program) and assessment of dynamics of social skills before and after the program. A Social Skills Program has been formed and a questionnaire survey has been applied in order to achieve the aforementioned aim. The research scope consisted of 15 younger adolescents who attended children day care centre. Peculiarities of psychosocial development of younger adolescents, positive socialisation factors, and possible hazards are provided in the theoretical part. Social skills of younger adolescents raised in social risk families as well as development thereof have been described. Programs for development of social skills in Lithuania and foreign countries have been discussed as well.

Magistro darbą „Jaunesniųjų paauglių muzikinių orientacijų ugdymas“ sudaro 14 lentelių, 4 paveikslai, 62 literatūros šaltiniai. Pagrindinis magistro darbo tikslas – išsiaiškinti jaunesniųjų paauglių (5 klasės) vertybines orientacijas į klasikinės, pramoginės ir liaudies muzikos rūšis, siekiant išanalizuoti tų orientacijų gerinimo ir kryptingo poveikio galimybes. Tiriamieji – 172 penktos klasės mokiniai: 91 berniukas ir 81 mergaitė. Pirmojoje darbo dalyje analizuojamas muzikinio ugdymo konceptualinis turinys. Daugelio mokslininkų nuomone tirti jaunesnųjų paauglių muzikines orientacijas ir jų gerinimo galimybes yra labai aktualu, nes reikia surasti veiksmingiausius muzikinių orientacijų ugdymo būdus bei priemones. Atradus ugdymo būdus galima tiksliai nustatyti konkrečios mokinių grupės muzikinį skonį, padedantį suvokti, kaip juos paveiks vienas ar kitas muzikos kūrinys. Atsižvelgiant į paauglių nuomonę, galima daug ką pakeisti ir įtakoti muzikinį ugdymą reikšmingiems pokyčiams. Antroje darbo dalyje – tyrimas ir jo analizė. Atlikti tyrimai atskleidė muzikinių orientacijų ypatumus. Gauti tyrimo rezultatai patvirtino prielaidą, jog iš skirtingų muzikos rūšių – klasikinės, pramoginės ir liaudies – jaunesnieji paaugliai tradiciškai labiausiai vertina pramoginę muziką. Be to mokiniai teikia pirmenybę pažįstamai, žinomai muzikai. Respondentai taip pat kreipė dėmesį į muzikinio kūrinio ritmą, dermę, atlikėjo balso tembrą. Tyrimai parodė, kad 5-tų klasių mokinių požiūris į skirtingas... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / 14 charts, 4 pictures, 62 references. The main purpose of this master thesis is to research the orientational of classical, pop and folk music that 5th grade schoolchildren have. The goal is to analyse the possibilities for improvement and orientation impact of these values. The research included 172 adolescents of 5th grade, 91 boys and 81 girls. The analysis of musical concepltual training’s content revieled the importance of this master. The major opinion of the scientists is that it is very important to research adolescents’ musical orientations and the possibilities for improvement. The goal is to find the most effective ways and means. Finding the right ways of training would assist to establish the concrete adolescents groups’ musical taste and it would ease the way to realise how one or other music type effect them. Considering adolescents’ opinion it is possible to effect and influence their musical training for a better change. In the second part research showed musical orientations’ characteristics. The results approved a guessing that from all the different types of music – classical, pop and folk, adolescents appreciate pop music the most. Adolescents prefer rocognisable and well known music. They also value the rhythm and the vocal. The performed research revealed that 5th grade’s schoolchildren tend to value different music forms according to their musical developement and gender. The schoolchildren who attend a musical school appreciate all forms of music... [to full text]

The study´s main purpose is to examine how three educators who work with children ages 1-3  in three different preschools working with mathematics in preschool. I have used a qualitative research in the form of interviews to obtain educators perspectives on their working. The educator´s stories about their working methods are the most important findings and it turned out that the interviewed educators was working fairly similar in terms of mathematics learning with the youngest children  in preschool. They both schedule mathematics in various activities and work with it in everyday situations. Their different approaches can be divided into five different categories which are: planned theme work and experiences, body and play, interaction and conversation, environment and materials, visualize mathematics. / Studiens främsta syfte är att undersöka hur tre pedagoger som arbetar med barn i åldrarna 1-3 år på tre olika förskolor arbetar med matematik i förskolan. Jag har använt mig utav en kvalitativ forskningsmetod i form av intervjuer för att få fram pedagogernas perspektiv på deras arbetssätt. Pedagogernas berättelser om deras arbetsmetoder är studiens viktigaste resultat och det visade sig att de intervjuade pedagogerna arbetar någorlunda liknande när det gäller matematiklärandet med de yngsta barnen i förskolan. De både planerar in matematik i olika aktiviteter och jobbar med det i vardagliga situationer. Deras olika arbetssätt kan delas in i fem olika kategorier som är följande: planerade temaarbeten och upplevelser, kroppen och leken, samspel och samtal, miljön och material samt synliggöra matematik.

This dissertation examines whether Buddhist beliefs and practices serve to reinforce and/or promote a Korean and/or Canadian cultural prism for next-generation Korean Buddhist practitioners in Toronto, Canada. I define Korean and Canadian cultural prisms based on the cross-cultural psychological framework of Individualism-Relational Collectivism (I-RC) and Analytical-Holistic (A-H) cognition. The aim of my research is to problematize culture in the construction of religious meaning and behaviour for relatively bicultural individuals. My research question can thus be summarized as follows: How is religious meaning and behaviour culturally constructed by next-generation Korean Buddhist practitioners in Canada? What role do individual cultural orientations and the different Buddhist cultural traditions play in this cultural construction and how does Buddhism compare to the other religions (namely Protestantism) practiced by younger-generation Korean-Canadians in this regard? By answering these questions, I ultimately hope to show whether the meaning system of Korean culture is preserved through religion among the younger generation of Korean Buddhist practitioners. I hypothesize that, due to the relatively non-authoritarian nature of Buddhism, the light of Buddhist beliefs and practices will predominantly be refracted through the a priori cultural prism of the individual in question, and the role of Buddhist doctrine and institutions in promoting a particular orientation (individualistic/relationally collectivistic and analytic/holistic) will be minimal and subordinate to the individual. The particular cultural orientation of this prism will, in turn, be dependent upon individual levels of monoculturalism (Korean or Canadian) or biculturalism (Korean and Canadian). In this way, Buddhism may serve to both preserve and undermine the Korean cultural meaning system. By comparison, I hypothesize that the relatively authoritarian nature of (Protestant) Christianity will likely encourage younger-generation Korean Christians to relate to their religion in a predominantly uniform way, regardless of the individual’s cultural orientation.

A high-resolution record of organic-walled dinoflagellate cyst production in Guaymas Basin, Gulf of California (Mexico) reveals a complex paleoceanographic history over the last ~40 ka. Guaymas Basin is an excellent location to perform high resolution studies of changes in Late Quaternary climate and paleo-productivity because it is characterized by high primary productivity, high sedimentation rates, and low oxygen bottom waters. These factors contribute to the deposition and preservation of laminated sediments throughout large portions of the core MD02-2515. In this study we document dinoflagellate cyst production at a centennial to millennial scale throughout the Late Quaternary. Based on the cyst assemblages three major dinoflagellate cyst zones, with seven subzones were established. The most dominant dinoflagellate cyst taxa found throughout the core were Brigantedinium spp. and Operculodinium centrocarpum. Dansgaard-Oeschger events 5-8 are inferred in the dinoflagellate cyst records on the basis of increases in warm taxa, such as Spiniferites pachydermus. Preceding and during the Last Glacial Maximum cysts of Polykrikos cf. kofoidii increase in abundance, responding to oceanographic changes in the Gulf of California perhaps caused by a regression in sea-level. Other intervals of interest are the Younger Dryas where cooler conditions are not recorded, and the Holocene which is characterized by the consistent presence of warm water species Stelladinium reidii, Tuberculodinidum vancampoae, Bitectatodinium spongium and an increase in Quinquecuspis concreta. Changes in cyst assemblages, concentrations and species diversity, along with geochemical data reflect major millennial scale climatic and oceanographic changes. / Graduate