Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-05-19T15:39:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 tarcisioederfernandesdonascimento.pdf: 519384 bytes, checksum: f96ae1c9c9749b4dd8a06f3d88a9db9b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-01T19:21:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 tarcisioederfernandesdonascimento.pdf: 519384 bytes, checksum: f96ae1c9c9749b4dd8a06f3d88a9db9b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-01T19:21:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tarcisioederfernandesdonascimento.pdf: 519384 bytes, checksum: f96ae1c9c9749b4dd8a06f3d88a9db9b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-20 / O debate em torno do estabelecimento de políticas de ação afirmativa nas instituições de Ensino Superior brasileiras tem adquirido grande repercussão em várias esferas de nossa sociedade resultando em dezenas de projetos de lei apresentados ao Congresso Nacional com o objetivo de regulamentação destas políticas. A despeito de sua recorrência o estabelecimento de políticas de ação afirmativa está longe de atingir um consenso, fato que pode ser constatado pelas inúmeras declarações por parte de setores intelectuais e da sociedade civil contestando sua validade. Dentre os principais argumentos contrários a estas políticas situa-se a ideia de que sua implantação em países sem problemas raciais graves dever-se-ia à tentativa de imposição de um modelo de relações raciais eminentemente norteamericano. Para tentar averiguar a validade desta tese nosso trabalho procurou captar os marcos ideológicos que determinam sob quais enquadramentos interpretativos as políticas de ação afirmativa estão sendo construídas no Brasil. Para tanto, recorro à analise de todos os projetos de lei apresentados à Câmara Federal entre os anos de 1988 e 2010, buscando interpretar o curso político de proposições legislativas formais, a fim de encontrar tendências sob as quais são construídos os quadros simbólicos que contribuem para a construção, justificação e defesa dos projetos de lei no âmbito das políticas de ação afirmativa. Ao fim de nossa análise fica demonstrado que pelas diferenças – principalmente no que concerne aos objetivos das ações afirmativas no Brasil e nos Estados Unidos, mas também pelos públicos atendidos – as perspectivas ideológicas envolvidas no processo de institucionalização destas políticas em ambos os países são bem distintos e o processo de constituição destas políticas mostra-se bem mais complexo que uma simples importação ou imposição de modelos estrangeiros puros, envolvendo uma série de interpretações e interesses sociais específicos ao complexo sociocultural brasileiro. / The debate around the establishment of affirmative action in higher education institutions in Brazil has acquired great repercussions in various spheres of our society resulting in dozens of bills introduced to Congress with the purpose of regulation of these policies. Despite its recurrence establishing affirmative action is far from reaching a consensus, which can be seen by the numerous statements by intellectual sectors and civil society contesting its validity. Among the main arguments against these policies lies the idea that its implementation in countries without racial problems severe duty would be to attempt to impose a model of race relations eminently American. To try to ascertain the validity of this thesis our work sought to capture the ideological frameworks that determine under what interpretive frameworks affirmative action policies are being built in Brazil. For that, I turn to the analysis of all bills introduced to the House of Representatives among the years 1988 and 2010, seeking to interpret the political course of the formal legislative proposals in order to find trends under which the symbolic frames are constructed that contribute to the construction, justification and defense of the proposals under the affirmative action policies. At the end of our analysis it is shown that the differences - especially in relation to the objectives of the affirmative actions in Brazil and the United States, but also with relation of the public attended - the ideological perspectives involved in the process of institutionalization of these policies among this two countries are very different and the constitution of these policies shows up much more complex than a simple import or imposition of foreign models pure, involving a range of interpretations and specific social interests to Brazilian complex socio-cultural.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-04-12T13:51:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 jonesantoniofernandesneves.pdf: 505533 bytes, checksum: 0f73e6fb45f947305c614d02beb35f7f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-04-18T13:10:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 jonesantoniofernandesneves.pdf: 505533 bytes, checksum: 0f73e6fb45f947305c614d02beb35f7f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-18T13:10:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 jonesantoniofernandesneves.pdf: 505533 bytes, checksum: 0f73e6fb45f947305c614d02beb35f7f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-25 / A busca da equidade no acesso à educação pública, principalmente ao nível de graduação, recebeu uma atenção de nossos legisladores no final da década passada e início da atual. A universalização do ensino básico da rede pública trouxe em seu bojo uma deterioração da qualidade deste ensino já fragilizada. Pressionado por movimentos sociais e por inúmeras iniciativas internas das Instituições de Ensino Superior que implantaram ações visando promover uma equidade de acesso em seus processos seletivos, foi sancionada em 2012 a lei de cotas para as IES da rede federal de ensino. O Colégio Universitário da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, instituição pertencente à rede dos dezessete colégios de aplicação pertencentes à universidades federais, é uma das raras exceções no que se refere à qualidade do ensino básico oferecido por instituições públicas. Para acesso ao ensino médio oferecido o COLUNI/UFV, realiza um processo de seleção e aplica uma política de ação afirmativa, oferecendo um bônus de quinze por cento aos alunos egressos de escolas públicas, neste processo seletivo. Este trabalho analisa em seu primeiro capítulo a origem da aplicação, no Brasil, de ações afirmativas na educação cuja culminância foi a lei de cotas, bem como, os processos seletivos realizados pelos dezessete colégios de aplicação da rede federal de ensino. No capítulo dois, se valendo de entrevistas e de análise de dados secundários, analisamos a aplicação da política de bônus instituída pelo COLUNI/UFV e o público matriculado e inscrito em seus processos seletivos no período de 2012 a 2015. Por último no capítulo três apresentamos uma proposta de ação visando uma análise dos resultados da política de bônus aplicada desde 2010 pelo COLUNI/UFV e um avanço desta política tendo como referência a Lei 12.711, lei de cotas instituída em 2012. / The demand for equity in the admission to public education, mainly at undergraduate level, has been receiving the attention of our congressmen since the end of the last decade. Notwithstanding the universalization of basic education in public schools, it has brought with it the deterioration of the quality of the teaching. In 2012, a law on social and racial quotas in education was endorsed by the government. Social movements together with several initiatives from the higher education institutions were the main parties responsible for such change. The Academic High School of the University of Viçosa – COLUNI/UFV – is one of a few, in a group of seventeen high schools belonging to federal universities, that keep on providing high quality education offered by public institutions. To gain access to this institution, one must apply to and go through a selection process, and as a policy to promote equity in education, every student from public schools are offered a 15% bonus during the selection process. In the present study, we look into the origins of these affirmative acts in the Brazilian education, regarding the law on social and racial quotas as well as the application of different selection process of several high schools. Also, we made use of interviews and analysis of secondary data, to address the use of the bonus policy established by COLUNI / UFV, and the students submitted to their selection processes from 2012 to 2015. At last, we proposed an act regarding the analysis of the results from the bonus policy applied by COLUNI/UFV, as stated in the law 12711, introduced in 2012.

Orientador: Salvador Antonio Mierles Sandoval / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T08:44:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Noroes_KatiaCristina_M.pdf: 4726192 bytes, checksum: a953cb7edca1f9486e5ed7884542354b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Após dez anos de implementação de ações afirmativas na maioria das IES públicas, essa pesquisa consiste em investigar a tendência das políticas para institucionalização desses programas para acesso aos cursos de graduação públicos, seja por meio de cotas raciais ou por meio de cotas sociais. No primeiro capítulo abordamos o histórico da atuação dos movimentos sociais dos negros, divididas em dois períodos: 1) denúncia e pouca inserção política (até 1980); e 2) proposições e inserção na estrutura do Estado (a partir de 1990). No segundo capítulo analisamos o trâmite de Projetos, Leis e Decretos, que versam sobre ações afirmativas para a população negra nos Poderes Executivo e Legislativo, bem como as ações contrárias aos programas das IES públicas, que foram apresentadas ao STF. O terceiro capítulo trata das experiências com ações afirmativas em IES públicas, no geral, e, em específico, aborda a experiência da UNIFESP. Concluímos que houve maior aceitação do argumento social em contrapartida ao racial, no entanto, possibilitou que grande parte das IES reestruturasse seus mecanismos de ingresso e repensasse o perfil de estudante atendido. / Abstract: After ten years of implementation do affirmative actions in the majority of higher education public institutions in Brazil, this research consists in investigating the policies' tendency of institutionalization of programs of access to public graduation courses by racial of social quotas. In the first chapter we investigate the history of the black social movements, divided in two periods: 1) denounce and low political insertion (until 1980); and 2) propositions and insertion in State structure (beginning in 1990). In the second chapter we analyze legal channels of Projects, Laws and Decrees, that dissert over affirmative actions for the black population in executive and legislative powers, as well as actions against public higher education programs presented to the Federal Superior Court. The third chapter approaches experiences with affirmative actions in public higher education institutions in general and, specifically, approaches the experience at UNIFESP. We conclude that there was higher acceptance of the social argument if compared to the racial argument, although allowing a large number of public higher education institutions to restructure its mechanisms of ingress and rethink the it's student outline. / Mestrado / Ciencias Sociais na Educação / Mestre em Educação

Orientador: Mara Regina Martins Jacomeli / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-21T02:07:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Avila_MariangelaMattos_M.pdf: 2980764 bytes, checksum: be82f6834c976e8aad62cacbbff97315 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Por meio desta dissertação problematiza-se o significado do ingresso através de cotas, para os estudantes negros do Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina (IFSC), Campus São José nos cursos superiores de Licenciatura e Sistema de Telecomunicações. Foi utilizado o questionário como instrumento de pesquisa para analisar o perfil socioeconômico desses estudantes, registrar suas opiniões sobre discriminação racial na sociedade brasileira e no IFSC - Campus São José e identificar qual a compreensão dos estudantes pesquisados sobre ações afirmativas e o programa de cotas nesse estabelecimento de ensino. Com o objetivo de obter um melhor entendimento sobre a relação entre o acesso à educação e o sistema de cotas, abordou-se o processo de escravidão no Brasil, como se deu a construção do mito da democracia racial, bem como as desigualdades educacionais existentes entre negros e brancos no ensino superior. Contextualiza-se as ações afirmativas nos Estados Unidos e no Brasil e os aspectos que distinguem a conquista de políticas de reparação, nestes dois países. A política de cotas no ensino superior tem provocado uma acirrada discussão na sociedade brasileira, sendo os argumentos contrários e favoráveis tratados na presente dissertação e, nesse contexto social e histórico, relata-se como foi implementada a política de cotas para negros no Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina. A pesquisa revelou a importância do programa de ações afirmativas para os estudantes negros que ingressaram pelo sistema de cotas, possibilitando o acesso ao direito de ingresso no ensino superior, ampliando as oportunidades educacional, de mobilidade social e, sobretudo, a reversão de um processo histórico de discriminação. / Abstract: The thesis has its focus on Affirmative Actions in Brazilian higher education. It problematizes the admission's meaning, through quotas, for black students of Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina - IFSC, Campus São José in the courses of Graduation and Telecommunications Systems. It uses questionnaire as a research tool to analyze the socioeconomic profile of those students, to register their opinions about racial discrimination in Brazilian society and in IFSC - Campus São José and to identify their undestanding about Affirmative Actions and about the quotas program in this educational establishment. The theorical approach is based on the slavery process in Brazil and the construction of the myth of racial democracy and the educational inequalities between black and white people to access higher education. It contextualizes the Affirmative Actions in the USA and in Brazil and approaches the aspects that distinguish the conquest of reparation policies, in these countries. The quotas policy in higher education has provoked a heated discussion in Brazilian society and the arguments for and against will be presented in this dissertation. Considering the social and historical context it will report how the quota policy has been implemented for black people in the Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina. The research reveled the importance of the Afirmative Actions Program for black students that joined through the quota system, giving the possibility of access to the right of joining the higher education, expanding the educational and social mobility oportunity, and especially the reversal of a historical process of discrimination. / Mestrado / Filosofia e História da Educação / Mestre em Educação

The term affirmative action originated in the United States some 30 years ago to describe a process of liberating minority groups. The objective of affirmative action within an organisational context, is to democratise the workplace by enabling members of previously disadvantaged groups to progress higher up the ranks of the corporate world. The affirmative action drive only took off in South Africa when it became part of the democratisation process and the focus was directed towards liberating the historically disadvantaged black majority. Prior to 1994, the reasons for implementing affirmative action programmes were largely political because of the race-based discrimination. Historically disadvantaged people were a minority in senior positions, the reason being that although the blacks were given a chance to compete with their white counterparts, due to their poor education standards and lack of experience only a few was appointed. The Employment Equity Act 55 of 1998 aims to correct the demographic imbalances in the nation’s workforce by compelling employers to remove barriers to advancement of blacks, coloureds, Indians, women and disabled, and actively to advance them in all categories of employment by affirmative action. The Employment Equity Act consists of two main sections. The first replaces and refines the prohibition on unfair discrimination in item 2(1)(a) of Schedule 7 of the Labour Relations Act. The second aspect deals with imposing a duty to the employers to adopt affirmative action programmes. The Employment Equity Act places a positive obligation on all employers “to promote equal opportunity in the workplace by eliminating unfair discrimination in any employment policy or practice”. Where unfair discrimination is alleged, the onus of proving that discrimination is fair, or practice is not discriminatory at all, rests upon the employer. Disputes about unfair discrimination must be referred to the CCMA, and if not settled by conciliation, to the Labour Court, which has the power to order compensation or the payment iv of damages, or to direct the employer to take steps to prevent the same unfair discrimination or similar practice occurring in the future in respect of other employees. The second section of the Employment Equity Act deals with the imposition of the duty to designated employers to adopt affirmative action programmes. All employers with more than 50 employees, or which have annual turnovers equal to or above the annual turnovers for small businesses of their class, municipalities, organs of state, and those designated as such by collective agreement, must implement affirmative action measures for people from designated groups. This entails consulting with employers, conducting an analysis of employment policies, practices, procedures and the working environment to identify barriers, drawing up employment equity plans and reporting thereafter to the Director-General of the Department of Labour on progress made in implementing the plan. Any employee may bring alleged contraventions of the Act to the attention of the employer, another employee, or any trade union, workplace forum, labour inspector or the Director- General of the Employment Equity Commission. Labour inspectors appointed under the Basic Conditions of Employment Act may enter and inspect employer’s properties and documents, and are responsible for ensuring that the employer has consulted with employees as required, conducted the pre-equity plan analysis prepared its plan and is implementing it, submitted and published its reports, set up the necessary managerial infrastructure, and informed its employees of progress. Should employers be found not to have complied with these requirements, labour inspectors must request a written undertaking that they will do so. If an employer fails to give such an undertaking, the labour inspector can issue a compliance order setting out inter alia what steps the employer must take and when, and the maximum fine, if any, that can be imposed if the employer fails to comply. If the employer does not pay attention to the compliance order within the prescribed period, the Director-General may apply to have it made an order of the Labour Court. The Director-General may also conduct independent ad hoc reviews of selected designated employers. Failure by an employer to comply with the provision of the Act lead to the employer being liable for the contravention of the Act.

This research discusses the actions related to the social inclusion of disabled people who had access through the introduction of quotas by the Affirmative Action Program in its first entry in early 2009 at the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria / RS-UFSM. A semistructured interview was the instrument of data collection that provided the contact with 12 students, research subjects. The literature review and document constituted a foundation for analysis and consultation. The main goal with the production of this work was to seek, from the speech of students entering the System Present Citizen B, a process analysis of educational inclusion from this entry, pointing to the indicative and the potential for continuation and completion of course students. As it developed the research work I sought an approach that would establish a relationship with human well-being and quality of life. You can say that such a procedure is valid and ongoing need for access to Public Institutions of Higher Education in Brazil, however, when there is an internal policy that would specifically ensure compliance of the issues that arise from that access, disabled people, or appointed by the Program of "persons with special needs, this alone does not provide the continuity of studies, quality of life and welfare of the people who finally have indeed special educational needs / A presente pesquisa discorre sobre as ações relacionadas ao processo de inclusão das pessoas com deficiência que tiveram seu acesso pela implantação de Cotas junto ao Programa de Ações Afirmativas no seu primeiro ingresso no início de 2009, na Universidade Federal de Santa Maria/UFSM-RS. A entrevista semiestruturada foi o instrumento de coleta de dados que proporcionou o contato com os 12 alunos, sujeitos de pesquisa. A revisão bibliográfica e documental constituiu-se num alicerce para a análise e consulta. O objetivo principal com a produção deste trabalho foi buscar, a partir do relato dos alunos ingressantes pelo Sistema Cidadão Presente B, uma análise do processo de inclusão educacional a partir desse ingresso, apontando os indicativos e as possibilidades de prosseguimento e de conclusão de curso desses alunos. À medida que se desenvolvia o trabalho de pesquisa busquei uma aproximação que estabelecesse uma relação com bem-estar humano e de qualidade de vida. É possível adiantar que um processo dessa natureza e em andamento é válido pela necessidade de acesso às Instituições de Educação Superior Públicas no Brasil, porém, quando não há uma política interna que especificamente possa garantir o atendimento das questões que surgem a partir desse acesso, de pessoas com deficiência, ou nomeadas pelo Programa de "pessoas com necessidades especiais", este não proporciona por si só a continuidade dos estudos, a qualidade de vida e o bem-estar social das pessoas, que por fim, apresentam de fato as necessidades educacionais especiais.

Afro-Descendants suffer sustained discrimination and invisibility that is proliferated with policies that were once blatantly racist, but are now furtive. This study argues that structural racism is alive and well in liberal institutions such as publicly funded colleges and universities. Thus, structural racism is subtly replicated and reproduced within these institutions and by institutional agents who are Racist without Racism. This study builds on theories from Pierre Bourdieu, Frantz Fanon, Glen Loury and Eduardo Bonilla-Silva. The juxtaposition of their theoretical arguments provides a deeper insight into how structural racism becomes a de facto reflexive phenomenon in liberal and progressive institutions such as universities, which are heralded as the epitome of racism-free spaces in colorblind states. Inspired by Lieberman’s nested mixed methods approach, the study examines Afro-Descendants’ sustained discrimination and invisibility in publicly funded universities in New York City and the city of São Paulo. The success of race-based affirmative action is examined quantitatively in New York City and São Paulo. Semi-structured interviews are conducted with Afro-Descendant professors, students and administrators in New York City and São Paulo’s publicly funded liberal university systems. These interviews are conducted to (1) understand the respondents’ experiences in their respective liberal spaces as racial minorities; and (2) determine whether they have benefited or been harmed by a public policy designed to ameliorate their inferior positions. Overall, findings from this study suggest that structural racism exists and persists in New York City and São Paulo. Moreover, Afro-Descendant participants in both cities acknowledge and experience structural racism within their respective liberal university systems.

Masters in Public Administration - MPA / This research report set out to provide an evaluation of the progress made by the Department of Justice and Constitutional Development with respect to affirmative action and employment equity, and particularly with respect to the promotion of greater gender equity in employment, especially at the management levels. / South Africa

Magister Educationis - MEd / This study investigates the factors that conditioned the establishment of, and responses to, a centrally coordinated, institution wide change initiative aimed at promoting equity in the academic workplace in an historically white South African university. It is examined by presenting two kinds of analyses, firstly, an institutional analysis that explores the environmental and managerial conditionalities that influenced the reception, interpretation and responses to the national policy framework. Secondly, a bottom-up analysis that explores the distinctive disciplinary contexts that conditioned the responses of the participants. The study reveals that top-down approaches to managing change have limited capacity to influence the nature and pace of change on the ground, despite the best intentions of institutional managers. The study illustrates that the distinctive disciplinary context conditioned the responses to, and outcomes of the change initiative. In this study, the authority of the academic project powerfully trumps the legitimacy and credibility of the institutional transformation initiative.

Historically, racism was deeply rooted in the workplace in South Africa where white people were largely afforded better opportunities than their black counterparts. This position changed after South Africa became a democratic country. In the new South Africa, legislation has been adopted to combat unfair discrimination. This legislation is founded upon the equality clause contained in section 9 of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa. Section 9 prohibits unfair direct or indirect discrimination against any person on any of the listed grounds. It also makes provision for protection against unfair discrimination on unlisted grounds. The Employment Equity Act was enacted to bring equality to the workplace and to give effect to section 9(2) of the constitution. The Employment Equity Act promotes equal opportunities and fair treatment and seeks to eliminate unfair discrimination. Section 6 of the Employment Equity Act contains the main thrust of the Act’s prohibition against unfair discrimination. However not all discrimination is unfair. Section 6(2) of the Employment Equity Act provides that discrimination based on the inherent requirements of a job or in terms of affirmative action measures will not be unfair. This section implies that there are grounds of justification which may cause discrimination to be fair. These grounds are affirmative action and inherent requirements of a job. Affirmative action is a purposeful and planned placement and development of competent or potentially competent persons in or to positions from which they were debarred in the past. Affirmative action is an attempt to redress past population, on local and national level. One of the requirements of affirmative action in South Africa is that it must target persons who have been discriminated by unfair discrimination in the past. There are affirmative action measures incorporated in the Employment Equity Act. There exists also a designed programmatic enforcement of affirmative action measures.