Submitted by Leonardo Lima (leonardoperlim@gmail.com) on 2016-08-31T19:02:13Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) KATREIN, Arthur da Silva.pdf: 470863 bytes, checksum: 5e5f7b73ace3f7b2b91f3bc6b135718e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Simone Maisonave (simonemaisonave@hotmail.com) on 2016-09-01T12:00:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 KATREIN, Arthur da Silva.pdf: 470863 bytes, checksum: 5e5f7b73ace3f7b2b91f3bc6b135718e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2016-09-05T19:29:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 KATREIN, Arthur da Silva.pdf: 470863 bytes, checksum: 5e5f7b73ace3f7b2b91f3bc6b135718e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-05T19:29:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 KATREIN, Arthur da Silva.pdf: 470863 bytes, checksum: 5e5f7b73ace3f7b2b91f3bc6b135718e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-10 / Sem bolsa / Esta dissertação teve como objetivo analisar a relação que docentes do ensino fundamental da rede pública municipal de ensino de Pelotas/RS estabelecem entre os conhecimentos teórico-pedagógicos, a autoridade e a valorização profissional. Os dados empíricos foram produzidos pelas respostas às perguntas feitas em entrevistas semi-estruturadas cujos sujeitos estavam divididos entre os que cursaram somente a graduação e os que possuíam pós-graduação. A metodologia adotada para análise dos dados foi a análise de conteúdo, que mostrou haver uma aproximação entre o domínio de um conhecimento teórico-pedagógico e a percepção de valorização e afirmação da autoridade docente. Através de uma caracterização do contexto escolar, que envolve o professor de 5ª a 8ª séries, e de diferentes abordagens teóricas que discutem profissão docente, conhecimento teórico-pedagógico e a autoridade pode ser confirmado que, ao articular estes elementos, é possível ao professor produzir um discurso de valorização profissional por ele mesmo. E mais, uma atuação docente referenciada pelo conhecimento teórico-pedagógico fortalece o professor a enfrentar as vicissitudes do cotidiano escolar possibilitando o seu reconhecimento neste espaço e fora dele. / The study intended to analyze the relationship established by middle school teachers in public municipal schools of Pelotas/RS among theoretical-pedagogical knowledge, authority and professional valorization. The empirical data were the answers given to semi-structured interviews by teachers, divided into those who had only an undergraduate degree and those with postgraduate degrees. Data have been analyzed by means of content analysis and have shown proximity between the command of theoretical-pedagogical knowledge and the perception of valorization and affirmation of teachers’ authority. After characterization of the school context, involving teachers of 5th to 8th grades, and making use of various theoretical approaches which discuss teaching profession, theoretical-pedagogical knowledge and authority, it could be confirmed that the articulation of these elements makes it possible for teachers by themselves to produce a discourse of professional valorization. It could be confirmed, moreover, that the teaching activity, when supported by theoretical-pedagogical knowledge, empowers teachers to face the vicissitudes of the school quotidian and makes it possible for teachers to be recognized in that space as well as externally to it.

Aim: The aim of this study is to find a deeper understanding of how children who are exposed to child abuse cope and how it affect the contact between them and the public authority. Method: It is a qualitative study and the autobiographies are analyzed with a hermeneutic science theory. Result: The study shows that the children we have learned about through their autobiographies has different kinds of coping strategies in the contact with the public authority. The coping strategies has been helpful for them to handle what they have been exposed to and also from their perspective been helpful to control their situations. The coping strategy that has been the most visible is the emotional focused strategy which is determined of guilt, shame and fear. The emotional focused strategy brought avoidance to talk about their situation with the public authority to be able to stay in control over their situation. The shame and guilt is also a part why the children choose to avoid talking about what they are exposed to. The fear of losing control over the situation is the most visible reason why they would not talk to the public authority even though their childhood was striked with serious abuse and a great fear of not knowing what would happen if the public authority got involved which would result in the feeling of losing control. Conclusion: The children's coping strategies has made an impact on the relations between them and the public authority and has been an conductive variable to the public authorities lack of action. As a social worker it is in greatest interest to be aware of which coping strategies can figure in matters of child abuse.

La thèse a pour objet d’étude le rejugement. Plus généralement elle porte sur le sens que l’on donne à la notion d’autorité de la chose jugée en contentieux administratif. Cette notion est comprise, dans la thèse, comme signifiant que ce qui a déjà été jugé ne peut être rejugé. L’autorité de la chose jugée entraîne donc en principe l’interdiction de rejuger une affaire ou un élément d’une affaire qui a déjà été tranché par une juridiction compétente pour clore définitivement un litige ou le point du litige concerné. Or la thèse vise à démontrer que l’autorité de la chose jugée en contentieux administratif n’interdit pas toujours, en droit positif, sous réserve d’un noyau d’intangibilité, le rejugement des décisions de justice. Cette étude est intéressante pour trois raisons: Premièrement, il fait l'objet d'une grande actualité (succession de recours en contentieux des contrats administratifs, réception par le juge administratif des décisions rendues sur une question prioritaire de constitutionnalité par le Conseil constitutionnel ; articulation entre les décisions de la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme et de la Cour de justice de l'Union européenne et de celles du juge administratif). Deuxièmement, ce sujet a été à peine étudié dans le contentieux administratif. Certaines notions (comme celles de procès, de jugement, de recours, de questions, d'irrévocabilité, d'opposabilité ...), certaines distinctions (autorité formelle / matérielle ; autorité négative / autorité positive) ont donné lieu à peu d'étude par la doctrine publiciste. Troisièmement, cette étude a pour ambition de tenter d'étudier sous un nouvel angle la notion d'autorité de la chose jugée. Cela implique de réfléchir à des conditions de stabilité des décisions de justice, ou encore sur le concept de sécurité juridique appliqué aux jugements. Ces notions ont été particulièrement analysées s'agissant des actes administratifs et non pas du point de vue des décisions de justice. L'idée est donc de procéder à une analyse comparative de ces deux grands types de décisions. Cette thèse peut contribuer à mettre en évidence des principes propres à la décision de justice et à réfléchir sur les fondements de l'autorité de chose jugée, que sont notamment la nécessité de rétablir la paix sociale entre les parties au procès, la bonne administration de la justice et la stabilité des situations juridiques. Ces fondements doivent être articulés avec le droit au recours et l'exigence de qualité de la justice. L'étude du rejugement devrait permettre également de mettre en avant la manière dont les juges administratifs conçoivent cette notion "d'autorité de la chose jugée" et qui pourrait être différente de celle des juges civils. Pour réaliser cette étude, il semble important de prendre en compte les différents éléments du droit du contentieux administratif, à la lumière des procédures civile et pénale, ainsi que de la procédure européenne. La recherche dans ces domaines se porte principalement sur les sources du 20ème et du 21ème siècles, d'un point de vue théorique et pratique. A travers cette analyse critique, la méthode retenue consiste à vérifier comment le concept et ses fondements sont appliqués et si la théorie correspond à la pratique. L'idée est d'essayer de développer un cadre en vue de simplifier la procédure pour le justiciable, pour la bonne administration de la justice et le service public de la justice.mots-clés : Autorité,Chose,Jugée,Contentieux,Administratif,Rejugement / This thesis aims at the study of retrial proceedings, more specifically at the meaning of the concept of ‘res judicata’ in administrative litigation. This is understood as cases that have already been judged and therefore cannot be retried again. The principle of ‘res judicata’ implies a ban to retrial a case or a fact for the proceedings, which have already been settled by the competent court in order to definitely close the litigation or as a point of contention in the grievance concerned. Yet, this thesis aims at demonstrating that in administrative litigation if it exist a minimum reserve of intangibility, then the principle of ‘res judicata’ does not always ban the retrial of court decisions.This study is interesting for three reasons:First, it is a subject of great debate nowadays (successive actions in administrative contracts litigations; reception by the administrative judge of decided cases as priority preliminary ruling on constitutionality of the Constitutional Council; linkage to the decisions of the European Court of Human rights and to the Court of Justice of the European Union and those of the administrative judge).Second, this subject has been scarcely studied in administrative litigation. Some concepts of law (such as those of trial, judgement, action, question, irrevocability, enforceability…), some of the distinctions (formal authority/hardware authority; negative authority/positive authority) have not been the subject of extensive research by scholars in field of Public Law.Third, present the principle of ‘res judicata’ in a new light. This involves thinking about conditions for the stability of judicial decisions, and the concept of legal certainly applied to judgements. These concepts have been particularly analysed in terms of administrative acts but not in terms of judicial decisions. The idea is also to conduct a comparative analysis of these two main types of decisions.This thesis may help to clarify the principles of judicial decision and to think about the foundations of the authority of ‘res judicata’, which are particularly important in the social sphere to restore peaceful relations between the parties in the trial, for the proper administration of justice, and the stability of legal situations. These foundations should be contained with the right of recourse and the quality of justice. The study of retrial proceedings will also clarify the way in which the administrative judges perceive ‘res judicata’, which might be different than the one applied in civil courts.For this study, it seems obvious to take into account the different elements of Administrative Litigation Law, in the light of civil and penal procedures, and also European Procedure Law. The goal is to research in these subject areas using secondary 20th and 21st century sources, from a theoretical and practical point of view. And through this critical analysis see how the concept and its foundations are being applied and how the theoretical corresponds to the practical. The idea behind it is to try to develop a framework in order to simplify the procedure for the litigant, for the proper administration of justice and the public service of justice.mots-clés : Authority,Res,Judicata,Litigation,Administrative,Retrial

Le droit privé érige le contrat en loi des parties. Cette règle connaît des exceptions en droit administratif: branche du droit dans laquelle la puissance publique dispose d’un pouvoir de modification et de résiliation unilatérales. Cependant, si l’administration dispose de pouvoirs étendues dans l’exercice de son pouvoirs de modification et de résiliation unilatérales des contrats administratifs pour des motifs tenant à l’intérêt général, aucune définition minutieuse de la notion d’intérêt général n’a encore été consacrée. Cette imprécision conduit, dans certains cas, à l’exercice quasi arbitraire par l’administration de ses pouvoirs et au déséquilibre du contrat. Cette situation a entraîné divers préjudices pour les bénéficiaires de projet en raison de la suspension de la mise en œuvre de plusieurs contrats importants pour une longue période et, en conséquence, a accru le nombre des litiges. / The rule in private law is that the contract is considered to be the absolute law between the contracting parties, and therefore it cannot be modified or terminated without their consent. That is not the case in the field of administrative law as long as this law permits the administration to use its authority in unilateral amendment and termination of the contract. The problem can be stated here that the administration white practicing its authority in unilateral , modification or termination the contract might abuse its right of such practice under the justification of undefined concept of public interest. The ambiguous and loos of the concept of public interest led to the illegitimate and misuse of the administration of its authority in unilateral amendment and termination of administrative contract which results in disturbance of the balance between the interests of the administration on one hand and the other contracting party on the other.

Ce travail analyse les états de la famille et leurs rapports à l’individu dans deux romans de François Mauriac, Le Nœud de vipères et Thérèse Desqueyroux ainsi que dans la Trilogie de Naguib Mahfouz : Impasse des deux palais, Le Palais des plaisirs et Le Jardin du passé.À travers ces deux univers romanesques, qui abordent la thématique de la famille dans des circonstances bien particulières, liées à la géographie, à l’histoire et à la sociologie de l’époque, ce travail souhaite répondre aux questions suivantes : Quel est l’état de la famille dans ces romans ? Quel est la place accordée à l’individu ? Les familles décrites dans ces romans favorisent-t-elles l’émergence de l’individu comme sujet autonome, capable d’effectuer des choix personnels quitte à ce qu’elles soient en contre-courant des valeurs familiales et celles de la société ? Ou bien, l’individu devrait-il se battre et lutter contre la famille afin qu’il puisse émerger comme sujet propre et autonome ?Ainsi la première partie analysera l’état de la famille dans la trilogie de Mahfouz ; quant à la seconde elle abordera les deux romans de Mauriac. La troisième partie élaborera la comparaison entre les deux univers romanesques en croisant et en confrontant les facteurs qui interfèrent dans les deux univers familiaux : la religion, l’argent et le patrimoine et la politique (chez Mahfouz surtout). / This work analyzes the states of the family and their reports to the individual in two François Mauriac’s novels, Vioer’s tangle and Thérèse Desqueyroux as well as in the Trilogy of Naguib Mahfouz: Palace walk, Palace of desire and Sugar street.Through these two romantic universes, which approach the theme of the family on very particular circumstances, connected to the geography, in history and in the sociology of period, this work wishes to answer the following questions: what is the state of the family in these novels? What is the place granted to the individual? Families described in these novels favor the emergence of the individual as autonomous subject, capable of making personal choices even if it means that they are in countercurrent of the values.So the first part will analyze the state of the family in the trilogy of Mahfouz; as for second it will approach both novels of Mauriac. The third part will develop the comparison between both romantic universes by crossing and by confronting the factors which interfere in both family universes: the religion, the money and the heritage and the politics (at Mahfouz especially).

Det här kandidatarbetet kommer att diskutera karaktärsskildringar och maskuliniteter inom filmen The King’s Speech. En mans karaktär definieras av dess maskulina drag och en makthierarki går att hitta, även i film. Vidare kommer det här arbetet försöka komma fram till vad som gör att vi som publik känner det vi gör när vi tittar på film. Det här arbetet kommer fokusera på Connells teori om maskuliniteter och vi kommer att applicera teorin på karaktärerna i filmen The King’s Speech, med protagonisten i fokus. Vi har enbart valt att gå in på mannen och dess maskulinitet i det här arbetet då vi måste begränsa arbetet. Vi kommer använda oss av Actor Network Theory (ANT) när vi analyserar filmen och karaktärer för att urskilja de relevanta aktörerna i vårt nätverk. Vi har i slutändan dragit bland annat slutsatsen att makthierarkier samt sättet det skildras är viktigt för att skapa dynamik i film. Vi har även gjort en gestaltande produktion i form av ett filmmanus. Manuset är inspirerat av protagonisten i The King’s Speech. / This bachelor thesis will discuss character potrayals and masculinities within the film The King’s Speech. A man’s character will be defined by his masculine traits and a power hierarchy can be found, even in film. We will furthermore try to come to an understanding of what makes us as an audience feel different emotions while we’re watching films. This thesis will focus on Connells theory concerning masculinities and we will apply her theory on the different characters in The King’s Speech, but mainly the protagoninst. We have chosen to only analyze the man and his masculinity because we need to limit our work. We will use Actor Network Theory (ANT) when interpreting the film and the charcters, to find the relevant actors in our network. In the end we came to the conclusion that power hierarchies and the way they are portrayed are crucial to create dynamics within film. We have also made a interpreting production in the shape of a screenplay for a film. The screenplay is inspired by the protagonist in The King’s Speech.

L’analyse des fonctions juridiques de l’État, telle qu’elle a été développée à partir du XVIIe siècle, notamment par Locke, est demeurée dans l’ensemble assez pauvre et a été soumise à des tensions peu propres à favoriser l’élucidation sereine des difficultés qu’elle soulevait, en particulier dans les débuts de la Révolution française. Il en est résulté une véritable vulgate philosophico-juridique établissant trois fonctions – législative, juridictionnelle, administrative – qui ne cadrent guère avec la diversité des activités de l’État, singulièrement la fonction administrative ou « exécutive » conçue d’un point de vue organique comme une catégorie résiduelle embrassant l’ensemble des actes juridiques et des actes matériels de ce que l’on ne saurait nommer « Exécutif » qu’avec la prudence des guillemets. Le propos de la thèse est donc d’offrir une méthodologie que l’on pourrait dire « réaliste » afin de construire une typologie complète des fonctions de l’Exécutif en distinguant les infinies manières d’édicter un acte juridique ou de commettre un acte matériel. Au terme de cette typologie, dont la summa divisio oppose les fonctions internes aux fonctions internationales, il apparaît que cet organe exerce ou participe peu ou prou à l’intégralité des activités de l’État. Des actes aux fonctions et des fonctions à l’essence, cette thèse se propose enfin de qualifier la nature d’un « Exécutif » qui ne saurait être réduit à un simple « pouvoir », au sens où l’on entend habituellement ce terme, mais qui est encore et surtout une « autorité », autorité désormais fragilisée et concurrencée. / The analysis of the legal functions of State, as it was developed from the seventeenth century, notably by Locke, has remained generally rather poor and has been subjected to tensions not likely to promote elucidation of the difficulties it raised, particularly in the early days of the French Revolution. The result was a veritable philosophico-juridical vulgate establishing three functions - legislative, jurisdictional, administrative - that do not fit very well with the diversity of the activities of the State, particularly the administrative or "executive" function conceived from an organic point of view as a residual category embracing all the legal acts and material acts of what can only be called "Executive" with the prudence of the quotation marks. The purpose of the thesis is therefore to offer a methodology that could be called "realistic" in order to construct a complete typology of the functions of the Executive by distinguishing the infinite ways of enacting a legal act or committing a material act. At the end of this typology, whose summa divisio opposes the internal functions to the international functions, it appears that this organ exercises or participates more or less in the whole of the activities of the State. From actions to functions and functions to essence, this thesis proposes finally to qualify the nature of an "Executive" which can not be reduced to a mere "power", in the sense in which one usually hears this term, but which is still and above all an "authority", which is now challenged.

The challenges facing resource management, including transboundary river basins, have become increasingly complex, requiring more holistic readings of governance processes that encompass a range of formal and informal collaborations between diverse actors. Innovation and transformative governance changes hold potential for addressing the increased complexity and multi-scaled nature of the challenges facing the world’s shared rivers. However, significant research gaps exist around this application in practice. This dissertation asks the following questions: Is governance of transboundary waters changing to integrate a more diverse set of actors beyond centralized governments? If so, what is the role of non-central state actors in contributing to innovations and transformative changes to transboundary water governance processes? In working towards answering these questions, the study explores the case of the Columbia River Treaty (North America) and the Lesotho Highlands Water Project (Southern Africa). This study has the following objectives: first, to determine the type of power, albeit conceived from a Euro-western perspective, that non-central state actors mobilize to engage in transboundary water governance processes, and assess if the power these actors mobilize is contributing to changes in governance. Second, to conceptualize the on-going bordering processes for transboundary water governance, and evaluate whether non-central state actors are shaping these processes. And, third, to identify which non-central state actors are involved in transboundary water governance, and examine whether and how these governance systems are becoming more polycentric. This dissertation is composed of five chapters, three of which have been prepared as standalone articles for submission to academic journals. Broadly, the dissertation findings suggest that changes to governance of transboundary waters, away from state-centric processes, may be emerging in some areas, such as the ability of non-central state actors to exercise and mobilize different forms of power to shape water governance processes. Findings illustrate that a clear distinction between international and national processes is no longer sufficient to address transboundary water governance challenges and issues. Further, findings illustrate that some non-central state actors have power and influence in these transboundary water governance processes. However, these insights also highlight that centralized government authority for transboundary waters remains, and evidence of the emergence of polycentric governance systems at the international scale is limited. / Graduate / 2019-04-30

Ett rättsväsende som Polismyndigheten finns till för att upprätthålla tryggheten i det svenska samhället genom att skydda oss medborgare. Det har tidigare genomförts organisationsförändringar på Polismyndigheten men inte en lika omfattande som den som skedde 2015. Polismyndighetens omorganisation syftade till att grunda “En sammanhållen svensk polis” vilket innebär att alla Polismyndigheter i Sverige likriktades så att samordningen och ledningen över verksamheten ska fungera mer effektivt. Syftet med denna studie var att få en bild av chefernas ledarskap på Polismyndigheten och se vilken betydelse ledarskapet har inom organisationen enligt cheferna. Dessutom ville vi öka förståelse kring omorganisationens påverkan på ledarskapet inom Polismyndigheten. Vi har utfört en kvalitativ studie där vi intervjuat fem chefer på Polismyndigheten. Analysen talar för att cheferna uppmuntrar självständighet vilket skapar en relation där cheferna har stort förtroende och tillit till sina medarbetare. Respondenterna uttrycker sin otillfredsställelse med omorganisationen och dess problematik med att ta bort nödvändiga resurser. Vår uppfattning som vi kan få fram genom vår analys är att vi finner tydliga liknelser mellan cheferna och det transformativa ledarskapet, som innebär att medarbetarna delar samma vision som sin ledare. Vi fann däremot även små spår av transaktionellt ledarskap, som innebär att en ledare vill ha mycket kontroll över medarbetarna. Ledarskapets betydelse på den direkta nivån där våra respondenter befinner sig på spelar ingen stor roll i jämförelse med hur cheferna på den högre nivån uppfattar ledarskapets betydelse. Resultatet visar att en omorganisation inte var nödvändig då vissa åtgärder bör utföras då förändringen skedde i för hastig takt. / A judicial system such as the police authority exists to maintain the security of Swedish society by protecting our citizens. Organizational changes have taken place at the police authority before, but not as big as the last one was. The police authority conducted a reorganization in 2015 that was aimed to establish "A coherent Swedish police", which means that all police authorities in Sweden were aligned so that coordination and management of operations would work more efficiently. The purpose of this study was to gain a clearer picture of the leadership of the police chiefs at the police authority and to try to interpret the importance of leadership within the organization according to the chiefs. In addition, we wanted to increase understanding of the reorganizations impact on leadership within the police authority. We have conducted a qualitative study where we interviewed five chiefs at the police authority. The analysis speaks that the chiefs encourage independence among their employees, and that the leadership of the police authority plays a major role, but that it may differ slightly depending on the level within the police authority. Respondents express their dissatisfaction with the reorganization and its problems with removing necessary resources. The conclusion we can get through our analysis is that we find clear similarities between the managers and the transformational leadership, but we also found small traces of transactional leadership. In addition, leadership plays a major role, but for some leadership may not be decisive for the survival of police forces. We can also see that a reorganization was necessary, but that certain measures should be taken, because the change took place at too high and rapid pace. Ett rättsväsende som Polismyndigheten finns till för att upprätthålla tryggheten i det svenska samhället genom att skydda oss medborgare. Det har tidigare genomförts organisationsförändringar på Polismyndigheten men inte en lika omfattande som den som skedde 2015. Polismyndighetens omorganisation syftade till att grunda “En sammanhållen svensk polis” vilket innebär att alla Polismyndigheter i Sverige likriktades så att samordningen och ledningen över verksamheten ska fungera mer effektivt. Syftet med denna studie var att få en bild av chefernas ledarskap på Polismyndigheten och se vilken betydelse ledarskapet har inom organisationen enligt cheferna. Dessutom ville vi öka förståelse kring omorganisationens påverkan på ledarskapet inom Polismyndigheten. Vi har utfört en kvalitativ studie där vi intervjuat fem chefer på Polismyndigheten. Analysen talar för att cheferna uppmuntrar självständighet vilket skapar en relation där cheferna har stort förtroende och tillit till sina medarbetare. Respondenterna uttrycker sin otillfredsställelse med omorganisationen och dess problematik med att ta bort nödvändiga resurser. Vår uppfattning som vi kan få fram genom vår analys är att vi finner tydliga liknelser mellan cheferna och det transformativa ledarskapet, som innebär att medarbetarna delar samma vision som sin ledare. Vi fann däremot även små spår av transaktionellt ledarskap, som innebär att en ledare vill ha mycket kontroll över medarbetarna. Ledarskapets betydelse på den direkta nivån där våra respondenter befinner sig på spelar ingen stor roll i jämförelse med hur cheferna på den högre nivån uppfattar ledarskapets betydelse. Resultatet visar att en omorganisation inte var nödvändig då vissa åtgärder bör utföras då förändringen skedde i för hastig takt.

Syftet med denna kvalitativa studien var att undersöka hur socialsekreterare inom myndighetsutövning, missbruk, upplever att samverkan fungerar med andra organisationer. Fyra socialsekreterare och en förste socialsekreterare intervjuades i studien. Det insamlade materialet från intervjuerna har sedan analyserats med hjälp av en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Intervjuerna analyserades med hjälp av begreppen problemorientering, målhantering och grad av anpassning. Resultatet visade att det fanns flera faktorer som påverkade samverkan. De faktorer som respondenter uppgav påverkade samverkan gynnande var att skapa bra relationer mellan samverkanspartnerna, tydliga rutiner i samverkan, en nära lokalisering mellan samverkanspartnerna, ledningen och när samverkanspartnerna litade på varandras kompetenser. De faktorer som försvårade samverkan var tidsbrist, brist på kunskap om samverkanspartnerna, olika perspektiv, konflikter, ekonomin, riktlinjer och regler. För att förbättra samverkan behöver samverkanspartnerna få en ökad förståelse för andra organisationers perspektiv och arbetsuppgifter. / The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine how social workers within exercise of authority that worked with clients who abuse substance and alcohol, experience how collaboration works with other organisations. We interviewed four social workers and one first social worker. The collected material from the interviews has been analysed using content analysis. The interviews were interpreted by the concept problem orientation, commitment to goals and degree of adaptation. The results showed several factors that affected collaboration. The factors that respondents stated affected collaboration was to create good relations with the collaboration partners, clear routines in collaboration, a near localization between the collaboration partners, the management and when the collaboration partners trusted each others competences. These were benefitting factors for collaboration. Lack of time, lack of knowledge about the collaboration partners, different perspective, conflicts, economy and rules was aggravating factors for collaboration. In order to improve synergies, collaboration partners need to be better at understanding the other organizations’ perspectives and tasks.