Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T17:27:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Emerson Ginetti.pdf: 664930 bytes, checksum: 7584d2eecbcbbd465127b00f2dcb8f59 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-05-10 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This work aims to make an analysis of the crisis of ethical values while considering it to be a crisis of historical values, according to Ferdinand Max Scheler. There exists an explanation to the crisis, as well as a possible solution: the rescue of material ethics of objective values, which are shaped in configurations prevalent within modern man, lacking references capable of sustaining an ethic that will lead to perfect morality and its own achievement. Note that the crisis is marked by secularism, relativism and subjectivism in the axiological field. The current crisis gives a reversal in the hierarchy of values. This trend is the subordination of the highest to the lowest. This reversal in the hierarchy of values, according to Scheler, is motivated by the morale of those who are affected by "resentment" and "humanitarianism". Note that the need for sustained moral values is more stable and durable. Non-impregnated interests or subjective elaborations where the moral act is sustained by the paradigms presented by modernity. The highest values are subject to those associated with sensitivity to the matter. Thus, Scheler proposes his objectivist ethics as a possible replacement for subjectivism predominant in modern society, aspiring to something that sustains human life and work / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo tecer uma análise da crise dos valores éticos, considerando-a como uma crise de valores históricos, segundo o pensamento de Ferdinand Max Scheler. Há uma explicação da crise que também poderá ser ainda uma possível solução: o resgate de uma ética material dos valores objetivos, que não se molda nas configurações predominantes no seio do homem moderno, carente de referenciais capazes de sustentar uma ética que o conduza à perfeição moral e à sua própria realização. Nota-se que a crise é marcada pelo secularismo, relativismo e subjetivismo, no campo axiológico. Na crise atual dá-se uma inversão na hierarquia dos valores. Tal tendência é a subordinação dos valores mais altos aos mais baixos, passando, estes, a serem considerados superiores. Esta inversão na hierarquia dos valores, segundo Scheler, é motivada pela moral daqueles que se encontram acometidos pelo ressentimento e pelo humanitarismo . Nota-se a necessidade de uma moral sustentada por valores que sejam mais estáveis, duradouros, não impregnados de interesses ou elaborações subjetivas onde o ato moral, que deve orientar a conduta humana, é sustentado nos paradigmas apresentados pela modernidade. Os valores mais altos estão submetidos aos que estão ligados à sensibilidade, à matéria. Desse modo, Scheler propõe sua ética objetivista como possível substituto para o subjetivismo predominante na ética da sociedade moderna, aspirando-se a algo que sustente o ser e o agir humanos e dê razão aos mesmos

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T18:14:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Adriana Tulio Baggio.pdf: 23278239 bytes, checksum: 92965432a48f691e8f148a1949a21d15 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-02 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This work investigates the involvement of skirts in women s social roles construction and valuation in advertising in magazines. While research about the portrayal of women in advertising and about the social aspects of fashion is frequently seen, skirts are rarely shown in dissertations and their investigation as a particular object in communication research is unprecedented. Some contemporary social practices present discourses of restriction to skirts. If advertising expresses the values and ideologies of the society it is produced by, what kind of meaning effects from those discourses can be seen in ad pieces? What kind of interaction regimens do women s social roles articulate from skirt wearing? The first hypothesis was that some aspects of the intolerance to skirts are due to its figurativization of the feminine an opposite of the masculine in the gender cultural category. Skirt wearing could be more restricted or prescribed when femininity is not considered to be a desirable competence, which intervenes with meaning effects of the skirt in advertising. Historical, social and semiotic aspects of the skirt were analyzed, proving that there is an discourse of intolerance and a rating as more feminine or masculine configurations of that piece of clothing was proposed. As it was observed, the previous issues appear in simulacra of women s social roles in the print ads. Discursive semiotic has worked as the theoretical and methodological support, through its sociosemiotic branch (Greimas; Landowski; Oliveira), as well as Fashion, History, and Sociology concepts (Castilho, Bard, Crane, Hollander, Giddens). Print ad pieces published in 2011 and 2012 in Veja, Exame and Claudia magazines were selected as a corpus test. The quantitative analysis pre-selection (2679 issues) has tested the corpus representation and has shown the presence of the skirt in comparison to other pieces of clothing. Enunciates containing skirts, dresses, and pants integrate the semiotic corpus (353 issues). In that group, women s social roles, as well as the clothes that figurativize them and their appearance in magazines were identified. With the exception of less significant issues, 44 ads containing women in skirts were found 12% of the ads in the three magazines. Through the analysis of that set, a skirt typology, articulated with the acceptance or the non-acceptance of a feminine simulacrum, was reached, based on Landowski s interaction regimens. The skirt, while being a figure of the assuming of a feminine sexuality, marks the modes of its use in social roles in advertising. The feminine skirt is in the simulacrum complicity situations, and also in the situations where there is opposition to it. The masculine skirt figurativizes the simulacrum tolerance situation, while skirts in all of their configurations appear in the connivance situation / Esta tese investiga a participação da saia na construção e valoração de papéis sociais femininos na publicidade de revistas. Ainda que estudos sobre representação feminina na publicidade e aspectos sociais da moda sejam frequentes, a saia aparece em poucas teses e é inédita como objeto específico de pesquisa na Comunicação. Algumas práticas sociais contemporâneas apresentam discursos de restrição à saia. Se a publicidade expressa valores e ideologias da sociedade que a produz, haveria que efeitos de sentido destes discursos nos anúncios? Que tipo de regimes de interação articulam os papéis sociais femininos a partir do uso da saia? A hipótese inicial é que aspectos da intolerância à saia devem-se à sua figurativização do feminino oposto ao masculino na categoria cultural gênero . Seu uso seria mais restrito ou prescrito quando a feminilidade não é considerada competência desejável, o que intervém nos efeitos de sentido da saia na publicidade. Analisamos aspectos históricos, sociais e semióticos da saia, comprovando o discurso da intolerância, e propomos uma classificação desta roupa em configurações mais femininas ou mais masculinas . Em seguida, observamos nos anúncios que as questões anteriores se apresentavam nos simulacros de papéis sociais das mulheres. Tivemos como aporte teórico e metodológico a Semiótica Discursiva, na vertente Sociossemiótica (Greimas; Landowski; Oliveira), e conceitos da Moda, História e Sociologia (Castilho, Bard, Crane, Hollander, Giddens). Como corpus de teste selecionou-se anúncios veiculados em 2011 e 2012 nas revistas Veja, Exame e Claudia. Uma pré-seleção por análise quantitativa (2679 exemplares) testou a representatividade do corpus e mostrou a presença da saia em comparação com outras roupas. Os enunciados com a presença de saia, vestido e calça integraram o corpus semiótico (353 exemplares). Neste grupo, identificamos os papéis sociais femininos, as roupas que os figurativizam e sua presença nas revistas. Excluindo exemplares pouco significantes, obtivemos 44 anúncios com mulheres de saia 12% dos anúncios das três publicações. Na observação deste conjunto chegamos a uma tipologia da saia articulada com a aceitação ou não de simulacros femininos, ancorada nos regimes de interação de Landowski. A saia, enquanto figura de um assumir a sexualidade feminina, marca os modos de seu uso nos papéis sociais na publicidade. A saia feminina está nas situações de cumplicidade com o simulacro, e também na situação de oposição a ele. A saia masculina figurativiza a situação de tolerância ao simulacro, enquanto saias em todas as configurações aparecem na situação de conivência

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:21:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Celio Egidio da Silva.pdf: 641454 bytes, checksum: fa00126c2a3a663ec3ff21d2d023030f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-15 / This research develops the axiological alternation issue in Family Law on postmodernity, outlining the theme: value in shaping society and its nuances. The research brings with it the changes in family formation from its beginnings to today s age, focusing on the historicity and its influence on the people values in relation to the object. Its development, both philosophical-legal and social, has been done through exploratory-bibliographic research methods , compiling data collected from various written sources, which formed the basis of the research. At first, we consider the axiology: formation and concepts by several authors, from bilaterality to relativity, aiming to inform the reader about the basis of the upcoming thesis. We brought Miguel Reale, Márcio Pugliesi, Cabral Moncada and many other authors with the appropriate relevance. We treat the postmodernity theme, complex and controversial, its concepts and situational picture in space-time, debating this contemporary period of history and its influence on the law itself. We spent a chapter developing the historical question, given the need for understanding the family formation and also the basis for skippering the other indicators of the final analysis, always presenting the question about the values involved in each historical moment, from ancient civilizations to the Portuguese period, since its origin, because it is the genesis of the patriotic rights birth , fundamental to understanding the current situation, in addition to its own analysis of the Christianity and the church influence on these periods. At the end, this research brings the analysis of the family on family law and axiological issues on the postmodern period and their alternation and change of legal values, based on the comparison of source values, ending with a proposed legislative amendment considering the switchover presented / O presente trabalho desenvolve a questão alternância axiológica no Direito de Família na pós-modernidade, delineando o tema valor na formação da sociedade e suas nuances. Traz em seu bojo as alterações na formação da família desde seus primórdios até a idade hodierna, com o fulcro de considerar a historicidade e sua influência na formação dos valores das pessoas com relação ao objeto. Seu desenvolvimento, tanto filosófico-jurídico quanto social, utilizou-se de métodos de pesquisa exploratório-bibliográfica com compilação de dados colhidos em diversas fontes escritas, que formaram o supedâneo da pesquisa. Em um primeiro momento, trata-se da axiologia: sua formação e conceitos diante de diversos autores, da bilateralidade à relativização, com objetivo de informar ao leitor a base da tese a ser lançada. O referencial teórico tem como Miguel Reale, Márcio Pugliesi, Cabral de Moncada e outros com a pertinência devida. Vertem-se, então, para o tema pós-modernidade, complexo e polêmico, seus conceitos e quadro situacional no espaço-tempo. Debatendo sobre esse período contemporâneo da história e a sua influência no próprio Direito. Desenvolveu-se a questão histórica, dado à necessidade de compreensão da formação da família e também base para capitanear os demais indicadores da análise final, sempre apresentando a questão dos valores envolvidos em cada momento histórico. Desde as antigas civilizações até o período português, desde sua origem, pois é gênese do nascimento do direito pátrio, fundamental para o conhecimento da situação atual, além da própria análise da influência do cristianismo e da igreja nesses períodos. Ao término há análise da família no Direito de Família e das questões axiológicas agregando ao período pós-moderno, sua alternância e variação de valores jurídicos, tendo como base de comparação os valores-fonte, encerrando com proposta de alteração legislativa diante da alternância apresentada

<p>The subject of this thesis is <i>formal axiology</i>, i.e., the discipline that deals with structural and conceptual questions about value. The main focus is on <i>intrinsic</i> or <i>final</i> value. The thesis consists of an introduction and six free-standing essays. The purpose of the introduction is to give a general background to the discussions in the essays. The introduction is divided into five sections. Section 1 outlines the subject matter and sketches the methodological framework. Section 2 discusses the supervenience of value, and how my use of that notion squares with the broader methodological framework. Section 3 defends the concept of intrinsic or final value. Section 4 discusses issues in value typology; particularly how intrinsic value relates to final value. Section 5 summarises the essays and provides some specific backgrounds to their respective themes.</p><p>The six essays are thematically divided into four categories: The first two deal with specific issues concerning analyses of value. Essay 1 is a comparative discussion of competing approaches in this area. Essay 2 discusses, and proposes a solution to, a significant problem for the so called ‘buck-passing’ analysis of value. Essay 3 discusses the ontological nature of the bearers of final value, and defends the view that they are particularised properties, or <i>tropes</i>. Essay 4 defends <i>conditionalism</i> about final value, i.e., the idea that final value may vary according to context. The last two essays focus on some implications of the formal axiological discussion for normative theory: Essay 5 discusses the charge that the buck-passing analysis prematurely resolves the debate between consequentialism and deontology; essay 6 suggests that conditionalism makes possible a reconciliation between consequentialism and moral particularism. </p>

The subject of this thesis is formal axiology, i.e., the discipline that deals with structural and conceptual questions about value. The main focus is on intrinsic or final value. The thesis consists of an introduction and six free-standing essays. The purpose of the introduction is to give a general background to the discussions in the essays. The introduction is divided into five sections. Section 1 outlines the subject matter and sketches the methodological framework. Section 2 discusses the supervenience of value, and how my use of that notion squares with the broader methodological framework. Section 3 defends the concept of intrinsic or final value. Section 4 discusses issues in value typology; particularly how intrinsic value relates to final value. Section 5 summarises the essays and provides some specific backgrounds to their respective themes. The six essays are thematically divided into four categories: The first two deal with specific issues concerning analyses of value. Essay 1 is a comparative discussion of competing approaches in this area. Essay 2 discusses, and proposes a solution to, a significant problem for the so called ‘buck-passing’ analysis of value. Essay 3 discusses the ontological nature of the bearers of final value, and defends the view that they are particularised properties, or tropes. Essay 4 defends conditionalism about final value, i.e., the idea that final value may vary according to context. The last two essays focus on some implications of the formal axiological discussion for normative theory: Essay 5 discusses the charge that the buck-passing analysis prematurely resolves the debate between consequentialism and deontology; essay 6 suggests that conditionalism makes possible a reconciliation between consequentialism and moral particularism.

For the last thirty years or so, there has been a search underway for a theory that canaccommodate our intuitions in regard to moral duties to future generations. The object ofthis search has proved surprisingly elusive. The classical moral theories in the literature allhave perplexing implications in this area. Classical Utilitarianism, for instance, implies thatit could be better to expand a population even if everyone in the resulting populationwould be much worse off than in the original. The main problem has been to find an adequate population theory, that is, a theoryabout the moral value of states of affairs where the number of people, the quality of theirlives, and their identities may vary. Since, arguably, any reasonable moral theory has totake these aspects of possible states of affairs into account when determining the normativestatus of actions, the study of population theory is of general import for moral theory. A number of theories have been proposed in the literature that purport to avoidcounter-intuitive implications such as the one mentioned above. The suggestions arediverse: introducing novel ways of aggregating welfare into a measure of value, revising thenotion of a, life worth living, questioning the way we can compare and measure welfare,counting people's welfare differently depending on the temporal location or the modalfeatures of their lives, and challenging the logic of axiological and normative concepts. Weinvestigate the concepts and assumptions involved in these theories as well as theirimplications for population theory. In our discussion, we propose a number of intuitively appealing and logically weakadequacy conditions for an acceptable population theory. Finally, we consider whether it ispossible to find a theory that satisfies all of these conditions. We prove that no such theory exists.

In Anishinaabemowin (Ojibwe language), Kipimoojikewin refers to our inheritance, or the things we carry with us. While Anishinaabemowin, Anishinaabe (Ojibwe) pedagogy and research practices are all part of our inheritance, so too is a legacy of colonial violence and historic trauma. This paper details one journey towards the language; the struggle through a colonial terrain rife with institutional and cognitive barriers, the journey to return to Anishinaabe ways of knowing, to articulating Anishinaabe pedagogy in a contemporary urban context and the work done to fulfill the vision of the Elders. There are no “best practices” only stories that exemplify an Anishinaabe axiological framework so that the causes and effects can be better understood, taken up and improved upon. Aapajitoon kema wanitoon.

In Anishinaabemowin (Ojibwe language), Kipimoojikewin refers to our inheritance, or the things we carry with us. While Anishinaabemowin, Anishinaabe (Ojibwe) pedagogy and research practices are all part of our inheritance, so too is a legacy of colonial violence and historic trauma. This paper details one journey towards the language; the struggle through a colonial terrain rife with institutional and cognitive barriers, the journey to return to Anishinaabe ways of knowing, to articulating Anishinaabe pedagogy in a contemporary urban context and the work done to fulfill the vision of the Elders. There are no “best practices” only stories that exemplify an Anishinaabe axiological framework so that the causes and effects can be better understood, taken up and improved upon. Aapajitoon kema wanitoon.

Ce mémoire propose une conception naturaliste et normative de l'axiologie scientifique contemporaine, c'est-à-dire des buts de la science et des scientifiques. Nous commençons par présenter le naturalisme en philosophie des sciences, en particulier ses dimensions scientifique, méthodologique et ontologique. Nous discutons le sophisme naturaliste et l'objection de la normativité souvent adressée aux approches naturalistes, principalement à travers le prisme de l'épistémologie naturalisée de Quine (1969). Nous illustrons ensuite ces thèmes - naturalisme, normativité, et axiologie scientifique - au moyen de la théorie de Laudan (1987), qui articule un début de théorie axiologique de la science qui se veut naturaliste et normative. Nous soulignons le caractère insatisfaisant de sa théorie, et proposons une conception plus riche et plus détaillée de l'axiologie scientifique. Nous analysons pour ce faire différents liens entre la science, l'industrie, le gouvernement et la société. Nous dégageons en particulier une tendance axiologique pragmatique de la science contemporaine. Finalement, nous ébauchons un cadre normatif instrumental inspiré de Laudan (1987)pour réfléchir sur l'axiologie scientifique. / This master proposes a naturalist and normative conception of contemporary scientific axiology, i.e., of science's and scientists' goals. We start off by discussing some naturalistic positions in philosophy of science, their scientific, methodological and ontological dimensions as well. We review the naturalistic fallacy and the normativity objection against naturalistic approaches, mostly in light of Quine's (1969) naturalized epistemology. We then illustrate these themes - naturalism, normativity, and scientific axiology - by discussing Laudan's (1987) naturalistic and normative theory of scientific axiology. We underscore the unsatisfying character of his theory, and propose instead a richer and more detailed one. In order to do that, we analyse some relations between science, industry, government and society. We identify and discuss a pragmatic axiological trend in particular. Finally, we sketch an instrumental normative framework for thinking about scientific axiology.

Seldom are we privileged to witness an international philosophical movement, which in addition to being a philosophical revolution, vindicates the values and concerns of a critical anthropological approach in Spirituality from the analytic tradition. The work of critical realists is potential remedy for the ills, dichotomies and lacunae inherent in the Western philosophical and spiritual traditions. Critical realism and philosophy of meta-reality, it is claimed, not only emancipate philosophy but, science and society as spiritual. This dissertation explores the many points of confluence and exposes dimensions of living and studying spirituality, which challenge us to think of ontological realism, epistemological relativism and rational (reflexive) judgement in a mode, which cautions against the naive relativism, tacit irrealism and other mistakes which tend to over-characterise our academic discourse with social linguistification, to the detriment of humanity and our utopian freedom and flourishing. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M. Th. (Christian Spirituality)