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The strong Black woman (SBW) schema is a racialized gender role characterized by emotional control, independence, and self-sacrifice. Little is known about how internalization of the SBW schema may influence Black women's romantic relationships. The current study explored the link between endorsement of the SBW schema and relationship flourishing through gender role conflict (the discrepancy between societally prescribed and personally enacted gender roles) and considered how these associations may vary based relationship type (queer or non-queer). One hundred eighty-eight Black women (Mage = 32.28, SD = 11.52 years) completed measures assessing SBW schema endorsement, gender role conflict (GRC), and relationship flourishing, as well as opened-ended questions about their romantic relationship. A mixed-method approach was used, and data was analyzed using a mediated moderation analysis utilizing PROCESS Macro and the thematic analysis method. Results revealed a significant negative correlation between the SBW schema and relationship flourishing. Additionally, GRC did not mediate the association between SBW schema and relationship flourishing, nor was that association moderated by relationship type. However, post-hoc analyses demonstrated that external GRC moderated the association between SBW schema and relationship flourishing. Themes revealed that participants experienced gender role conflict in their relationships both interpersonally (i.e., desire for boundaries, feeling disregarded, feeling prioritized, causing disagreements, and providing support) and intrapersonally (i.e., feeling unsupported, feeling emotionally and physically depleted, and feeling disconnected).

Using intersectionality as a guiding framework, the current study examined how gendered and racialized perceptions of Black women as "strong Black women" may be shaped by colorism. This experimental study sampled 314 Black and White participants from the community. Participants were presented with a vignette that described a Black woman coping with workplace stress in one of two ways, one congruent with strong Black womanhood (emotional restriction) and one incongruent with strong Black womanhood (emotional vulnerability), alongside the image of a light skin or dark skin Black woman. Then, participants were asked to rate how "strong" they perceived the woman in the vignette to be. A factorial ANCOVA was conducted to test how perceptions of the woman in the vignette varied based on her emotional response to workplace stress and skin tone, while controlling for perceptions of likability and competence. As hypothesized, we observed that participants perceived the woman responding to workplace stress with emotional restriction as stronger than the women who responded with emotional vulnerability. However, skin tone, nor the interaction between emotional response and skin tone had a bearing on participants' perceptions. There were also no differences in perceptions based on participant race. Through its intersectional framing, this study challenges scholars and practitioners to consider how the interplay between racism, sexism, and colorism shapes how Black women are seen by others and, in turn, how they may see themselves as strong Black women. Implications of the findings, limitations, and future directions are discussed.

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2016-10-24T21:28:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o, DOC.pdf: 5943433 bytes, checksum: 353ade7c41c9060be4ef463f0cfd3f12 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-24T21:28:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o, DOC.pdf: 5943433 bytes, checksum: 353ade7c41c9060be4ef463f0cfd3f12 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-23 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia - FAPEB / Revista Ra?a Brasil is a magazine destined to the black audience and it aims to rescue the self steam of the black race, in order to rescue it, the magazine publishes in its contents, media highlights intending to show the idea that it is possible for the black people to move upward in society too. The magazine was launched in trade environment in 1996, among other magazines that did not succeed, Revista Ra?a Brasil is the one which is most sedimented. This master?s thesis aims to analyze discursive aspects about the black woman, in the magazine mentioned, mainly focusing on reflection about the female aspect. Based on the Discourse Analysis which seeks in speaking flaw and in the silencing possible senses and it is based on the analysis of historical and ideological constructions which constitute the utterance. It will be analyzed the discourses that move in the magazine trying to show that even a magazine which aims to value the black beauty, it utters discourses that reinforce the non-acceptance of black people as potential beings who have their own beauty. It is possible to find in the magazine discourses which ignore the black beauty as legitimate and black women represented based on European beauty standards. It is possible to query, through Revista Ra?a Brasil how black women discursive construction happens, being, thus relevant for the comprehension about what means being a woman as well as which positions she occupies. This research is theoretically based on French Discourse Analysis, specifically studies of Orlandi and P?cheux (1997). Thus, some categories such as ?already-said? marks about black women which constitute the interdiscourse, and ideological and discursive formations in which black women are represented in the magazine. / A Revista Ra?a Brasil, destinada ao p?blico negro, visa resgatar a auto-estima da ra?a negra. Para tanto, a Revista traz em seu conte?do, destaques midi?ticos com o intuito de levar a esse p?blico a ideia de que o negro tamb?m pode ascender, socialmente. Lan?ada em 1996, a Revista Ra?a Brasil, no ?mbito comercial, ? a circula??o mais sedimentada em detrimento de outras, que n?o obtiveram sucesso. Esta disserta??o pretende analisar aspectos discursivos sobre a mulher negra, na revista em quest?o, tendo como foco as reflex?es sobre o feminino. Partindo da An?lise do Discurso que busca na falha que fala e no silenciamento, os poss?veis sentidos e baseia-se na an?lise das constru??es hist?ricas e ideol?gicas que constituem o enunciado - ser?o analisados os discursos que circulam nessa revista tentando mostrar que mesmo uma revista de valoriza??o da ra?a negra, acaba proferindo discursos que refor?am a n?o aceita??o do negro enquanto ser de potencial, com suas belezas pr?prias. ? poss?vel encontrar, nessa revista, discursos que desconsideram a beleza negra como leg?tima, e em que as negras s?o representadas a partir de padr?es de beleza europeus. Atrav?s da Revista Ra?a Brasil ? poss?vel inquirir como ocorre a constru??o discursiva da mulher negra, sendo, portanto, importante para a compreens?o do que ? ser mulher e de quais posi??es ela ocupa. O escopo te?rico dessa pesquisa est? centrado na An?lise de Discurso de Linha Francesa, tendo como base os estudos de Orlandi e P?cheux, 1997. Desse modo, algumas categorias tais como as marcas dos j? ditos sobre a mulher negra que constituem o interdiscurso, bem como as forma??es discursivas e ideol?gicas nas quais as mulheres negras s?o representadas na Revista.

Submitted by Maicon Juliano Schmidt (maicons) on 2015-03-21T17:17:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Elisabeth Santos Natel.pdf: 2672672 bytes, checksum: 6f1a0d7a13b28332cdba0e0c9e4a241d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-21T17:17:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elisabeth Santos Natel.pdf: 2672672 bytes, checksum: 6f1a0d7a13b28332cdba0e0c9e4a241d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-29 / Nenhuma / O objetivo desta dissertação é compreender e analisar como se dá a ascensão ou não ao protagonismo das profissionais negras, em três ambientes universitários. Observa-se, conforme estudos realizados por pesquisadores brasileiros como: Sueli Carneiro (2011), John Land Carth (2011) e Nilma Lino Gomes (1995), pesquisas estatísticas e outras, ao longo dos últimos anos, que as mulheres negras e as mulheres brancas ascendem socialmente, por meio de suas certificações universitárias. Entretanto, mulheres negras e brancas estão alocadas nas empresas e instituições acadêmicas, sendo que a mulher negra não ascende, na mesma proporcionalidade, a cargos diretivos que a mulher branca. Tentando situar a trajetória da mulher negra, por exemplo, abre-se um leque além da etnicidade e da feminilidade, porque ser mulher e negra é viver uma história de sagas e resiliências. A presença da mulher negra na educação e no trabalho justifica-se ao provocar a problematização acerca das sagas e resiliências das mulheres negras estereotipadas muitas vezes como incapazes, incompetentes, despreparadas possibilitando uma reflexão e uma melhor compreensão das práticas preconceituosas na sociedade, as quais acabam marcando e aprisionando as mulheres negras, de modo a deixá-las permanentemente à margem, em todos os sentidos. A desproporcionalidade entre mulheres negras e brancas alocadas nos estabelecimentos universitários será uma forma de discriminação institucional, em que a raça e o gênero estão funcionando como alavanca para esse tipo de racismo? / This paper aims at understanding and analysing how professional black women pursue and reach or not the position of protagonists in three university environments. According to studies made by Sueli Carneiro (2011), John Land Carth (2011), Nilma Lino Gomes (1995), statistics and others, throughout the last years, black and white women have been rising socially due to their university qualifications. Although black and white women are allocated in companies and higher education institutions, and the black women does not rise to higher positions at the same proportion as white women. By trying to express the tracking of black women, for instance, it is noticeable a range of aspects that go beyond ethnicity and femininity because besides being a woman, to be black means living a saga and resilience. The existence of black women in education and in the marke in general is justified by provoking the problem about their saga and resilience, having black women stereotyped several times as unable, incompetent and unprepared. This leads us to a reflection and a better understanding of prejudiced attitudes in the society, which end up imprisoning black women in a way that let them marginalized in every single sense.

Submitted by YANELYS ABREU BABI null (yanelysabreu83@gmail.com) on 2017-03-17T03:28:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 A cor da resistência - os sentidos em torno da negritude no discurso do rap cubano e do rap brasileiro.pdf: 1754746 bytes, checksum: 9f71b08ea8a30ceb9290f7703c234337 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2017-03-21T18:56:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 babi_ya_dr_sjrp.pdf: 1754746 bytes, checksum: 9f71b08ea8a30ceb9290f7703c234337 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-21T18:56:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 babi_ya_dr_sjrp.pdf: 1754746 bytes, checksum: 9f71b08ea8a30ceb9290f7703c234337 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-17 / Asociación Universitaria Iberoamericana de Postgrado (AIUP) / Pró-Reitoria de Pós-Graduação (PROPG UNESP) / O presente trabalho tem como objetivo fundamental analisar e descrever, nos discursos do rap cubano e do rap brasileiro, os mecanismos relacionados com as noções teóricas de condições de produção, formação ideológica e formação discursiva, que são usados na construção de sentidos em torno da negritude. Para tanto, tomou-se como base o universo teórico da Análise do Discurso de Michel Pêcheux, que coloca a importância dessas noções. Para analisar os sentidos atribuídos à negritude no rap cubano e no rap brasileiro definiu-se quem fala e para quem; o objeto do discurso; as forças em confronto no marco das relações étnico-raciais em Cuba e no Brasil; e a noção de pré-construído. A pesquisa tem enfoque comparativo e salienta os pontos em comum entre as relações étnico-raciais em ambos os países, assim como as diferenças entre as formas como se expressa o racismo nesses contextos. Foram analisados vinte raps (dez de cada país), compostos por rappers negros das cidades de Havana e de São Paulo, no período entre 2000 e 2012. Verifica-se, nos discursos estudados, uma atribuição de sentidos positivos para a negritude, como resposta aos sentidos negativos que circulam majoritariamente em ambas as sociedades e são usados para inferiorizar o grupo étnico-racial negro. Esses sentidos são construídos em torno do corpo, da história, da cultura, do comportamento e da inserção social do negro e se relacionam, fundamentalmente, com beleza, coragem, inteligência, orgulho, fortaleza, religiosidade, revolta, humanidade, resistência, honestidade e superação. Os sentidos construídos em torno da imagem da mulher negra, vítima de machismo e racismo em ambas as sociedades, também são relevantes na análise. Este trabalho procura trazer contribuições para os estudos linguísticos e culturais que fazem referência tanto à sociedade cubana como à brasileira. No contexto cubano, em que o discurso do gênero constitui uma das principais plataformas de denúncia contra o racismo, o presente trabalho contribui para ampliar a bibliografia sobre a relação, ainda pouco abordada nos estudos linguísticos e culturais, entre rap e relações étnico-raciais. No caso do Brasil, mesmo havendo um maior número de pesquisas sobre o assunto, a realização de um estudo como o proposto joga luzes sobre a maneira como o racismo opera em realidades sociais com um histórico similar. Em ambos os países, esta tese favorece a visibilidade das formas de resistência desenvolvidas pela população negra. / This work has as fundamental objective to analyze and describe the mechanisms that refer to the theoretical notions of conditions of production, ideological formation and discursive formation and are involved in the construction of meanings about blackness on the discourse of Cuban and Brazilian rap music. In order to do so, this research is situated in the theoretical horizon of Michel Pêcheux’s Discourse Analysis, placing in the construction of the discourse the importance of these notions. To analyze the assigned meanings to the blackness in Cuban and Brazilian rap music discourse, it was defined who speaks and to whom; the objective of the discourse; the confrontational forces within the framework of ethnic-racial relations in Cuba and Brazil and the pre-constructed notion. The research has a comparative approach and points out the commonalities about the ethnic-racial issues in both countries, as long as the differences among the ways to express the racism in those contexts. Twenty raps were analyzed (10 from each country), composed by black rappers from Havana and Sao Paulo, between the years 2000 and 2012. It is possible to observe in the studied discourses the attribution of positive meanings to blackness, as an answer against the negative meanings that are mostly present in both societies and are used to abash the ethnic-racial black group. Those senses are constructed about the body, the history, the culture, the behavior and social insertion of the black people and it relates, mostly, to the beauty, courage, intelligence, proud, strength, religiosity, rage, humanity, endurance, honesty and overcoming. Senses constructed around black woman’s image, victim of male chauvinism and racism in both societies, are also relevant to the analysis. This work aims to bring contributions to the linguistic and cultural studies that refer to both societies, Cuban and Brazilian. In the Cuban context, where the gender discourse constitutes one of the main complaint platforms against racism, the following work contributes to expand the bibliography about this relation, still not too much addressed in the linguistic and cultural studies, between rap music and ethnic-racial relations. In Brazilian context, where is a greater number of researches about the subject, the production of a study as the proposed one brings more information about the way that racism operates in social realities with a close background. In both countries, this thesis contributes to the visibility of the resistance developed by the black people. / El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo fundamental analizar y describir, en los discursos de rap cubano y de rap brasileño, los mecanismos relacionados con las nociones teóricas de condiciones de producción, formación ideológica y formación discursiva, que son usados en la construcción de sentidos en torno de la negritud. Se tomó como base el universo teórico del Análisis del Discurso de Michel Pêcheux, que coloca a importancia de esas nociones. Para analizar los sentidos atribuidos a la negritud en el rap cubano y en el rap brasileño se definió quien habla y para quien; el objeto del discurso; las fuerzas en confronto en el marco de las relaciones étnico-raciales en Cuba y Brasil; y la noción de preconstruido. Esta investigación tiene un enfoque comparativo y resalta los puntos en común en las relaciones étnico-raciales de ambos países, así como las diferencias en las formas como el racismo se expresa en esos contextos. Fueron analizados veinte raps (diez de cada país), compuestos por raperos negros de las ciudades de La Habana y São Paulo, en el período comprendido entre 2000 y 2012. Se comprueba, en los discursos estudiados, una atribución de sentidos positivos a la negritud, como respuesta a los sentidos negativos que circulan mayormente en ambas sociedades y son usados para inferiorizar al grupo étnico-racial negro. Esos sentidos se construyen en torno del cuerpo, de la historia, de la cultura, del comportamiento y de la inserción social del negro y se relacionan, fundamentalmente, con belleza, coraje, inteligencia, orgullo, fortaleza, religiosidad, rabia, humanidad, resistencia, honestidad y superación. Los sentidos construidos en torno de la imagen de la mujer negra, víctima de machismo y racismo en ambas sociedades, también son relevantes para el análisis. Este trabajo pretende traer contribuciones para los estudios lingüísticos y culturales referentes a las sociedades cubana y brasileña. En el contexto cubano, donde el género constituye una de las principales plataformas de denuncia contra el racismo, el presente trabajo contribuye para ampliar la bibliografía sobre la relación, todavía poco estudiada en los estudios lingüísticos y culturales, entre rap y relaciones étnico-raciales. En el caso de Brasil, a pesar de haber un mayor número de investigaciones sobre el asunto, la realización de un estudio como este arroja luces sobre la manera como el racismo opera en realidades sociales con un histórico similar. En ambos países, esta tesis favorece la visibilidad de las formas de resistencia desarrolladas por la población negra.

The purpose of the current study is to revise the wording of the items in the Strong Black Woman (SBW) attitudes scale and investigate the psychometric properties of this revised scale (renamed the SBW Cultural Construct Scale, SBWCCS). Another goal is to determine if the scale predicts racial identity, stress, and social support. The sample consisted of 152 women of African descent, who were recruited from a community based organization. An exploratory factor analysis on the SBWCCS scale suggested a 3-factor model consisting of (1) caretaking, (2) affect regulation, and (3) self-reliance. These factors parallel those found in the original scale (Thompson, 2003). The internal consistency was adequate for the overall scale and the caretaking subscale, but somewhat low for affect-regulation and self-reliance. The SBWCCS scale predicted centrality of racial identity and stress (measured as perceived stress and number of stressful events). Specifically, women who reported higher levels on the SBWCCS also reported higher levels of centrality and stress. In addition, higher levels on the caretaking subscale predicted lower reciprocity of social support. Other aspects of racial identity (public and private regard) and social support (received and satisfaction) were not predicted by SBWCCS. Methodological limitations and implications for future research are discussed.

The purpose of the current study is to revise the wording of the items in the Strong Black Woman (SBW) attitudes scale and investigate the psychometric properties of this revised scale (renamed the SBW Cultural Construct Scale, SBWCCS). Another goal is to determine if the scale predicts racial identity, stress, and social support. The sample consisted of 152 women of African descent, who were recruited from a community based organization. An exploratory factor analysis on the SBWCCS scale suggested a 3-factor model consisting of (1) caretaking, (2) affect regulation, and (3) self-reliance. These factors parallel those found in the original scale (Thompson, 2003). The internal consistency was adequate for the overall scale and the caretaking subscale, but somewhat low for affect-regulation and self-reliance. The SBWCCS scale predicted centrality of racial identity and stress (measured as perceived stress and number of stressful events). Specifically, women who reported higher levels on the SBWCCS also reported higher levels of centrality and stress. In addition, higher levels on the caretaking subscale predicted lower reciprocity of social support. Other aspects of racial identity (public and private regard) and social support (received and satisfaction) were not predicted by SBWCCS. Methodological limitations and implications for future research are discussed.

L’objectif de ce travail est de faire une anthropologie de la violence au sein de couple marital composé d’une femme Noire et d’un homme Blanc. Malgré, les nombreuses lois votées ce fléau perdure et les réponses apportées à ces situations de couple varient selon les représentations que l’on se fait de ces femmes. Partant du constat que la couleur de peau détermine les réponses des institutions françaises, cette recherche s’appuie sur les récits de trois femmes Noires décrivant leur vie conjugale auprès d’hommes Blancs. Des vécus jalonnaient de violence qu’elles tentaient de dénoncer. Elles se sont heurtées à des institutions policières qui n’ont pas voulu les écouter. / The objective of this work is to an anthropology of violence within marital couples consists of a black woman and a white man. Despite the many laws passed this scourge continues the responses to these situations torque vary representations that we have of these women. Based on the observation that skin color determines the responses of French institutions, this research is based on narratives of three black women describing their married life with men whites. Of experienced marked out of a violence she tried to terminate. They clashes with police agencies that did not want to listen.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-08-09T11:19:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 cristianevelosodearaujopestana.pdf: 853467 bytes, checksum: e18405cb814ec7d19977754dc5a8e724 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-08-09T11:42:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 cristianevelosodearaujopestana.pdf: 853467 bytes, checksum: e18405cb814ec7d19977754dc5a8e724 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-09T11:42:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 cristianevelosodearaujopestana.pdf: 853467 bytes, checksum: e18405cb814ec7d19977754dc5a8e724 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-28 / A presente dissertação é o resultado de uma leitura crítica da obra poética de Cristiane Sobral. O objetivo central deste estudo é observar como os poemas da autora rompem com os estereótipos associados à figura das mulheres negras e, na mesma intensidade, promovem autoestima, reconhecimento e empoderamento dessas mulheres. Muitos desses estereótipos foram reforçados por décadas pela Literatura brasileira, por isso é importante que a própria Literatura seja capaz de contribuir para a desconstrução de visões estereotipadas, racistas e preconceituosas da mulher negra. Para embasar nossa pesquisa, utilizaremos no primeiro capítulo, algumas teorias sobre a Identidade na diáspora advindas dos estudos de autores como Stuart Hall, Edouard Glissant, Paul Gilroy e outros. Foi necessário também, percorrer os caminhos do feminismo negro, seguindo as direções sugeridas por bell hooks, Angela Davis, Sueli Carneiro e Miriam Alves, para conduzir o segundo capítulo. O referido capítulo relaciona o tema do feminismo negro e da condição da mulher escritora com o primeiro livro de poemas da autora, intitulado Não vou mais lavar os pratos. Já o terceiro capítulo, se norteia pela análise do livro Só por hoje vou deixar meu cabelo em paz, fazendo um levantamento da questão identitária a partir do cabelo da mulher negra com base nas pesquisas de Nilma Lino Gomes. A intenção é mostrar a relevância dos escritos de Cristiane Sobral para a construção de uma nova mulher negra, valorizada, empoderada e feliz. / This dissertation is the result of a critical reading of Cristiane Sobral's poetic work. The main objective of this study is to observe how the author's poems break with the stereotypes associated with the figure of black women and, at the same intensity, promote self-esteem, recognition and empowerment of these women. Brazilian Literature has reinforced many of these stereotypes for decades; therefore, it is important that Literature itself is able to contribute to the deconstruction of stereotyped, racist and prejudiced views of black women. To support our research, we will use in the first chapter some theories on identity in the diaspora from the studies of authors such as Stuart Hall, Edouard Glissant, Paul Gilroy and others. It was also necessary to walk the paths of black feminism, following the directions suggested by bell hooks, Angela Davis, Sueli Carneiro and Miriam Alves, to conduct the second chapter. This chapter relates the theme of black feminism and the condition of the female writer with the author's first book of poems entitled, “Não vou mais lavar os pratos”. The third chapter is based on the analysis of the book “Só por hoje vou deixar meu cabelo em paz”, making a survey of the identity issue from the hair of the black woman based on the research of Nilma Lino Gomes. The intention is to show the relevance of Cristiane Sobral's writings to the construction of a new, valued, empowered and happy black woman.