Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-15T13:31:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Falcao Michelle_Conhecimento dos cirurgioes dentistas em re.pdf: 2106628 bytes, checksum: 9fdb7744ffb8e8bfcdccfe87d3369f9d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-12-16 / The oral cancer is a problem of public health in the world, including in Brazil. Most cases of the disease are detected in an advanced phase, in low-income individuais, those with little access to the health services. This neoplasia can be preventable, since the main related factors of risk related to the development of the disease are, in general, from social/environmental basis. The treatment, in the advanced period, turns out to be of high economic and social cost, with unfavorable prognostic. The purpose of this study was to verify the knowledge of the dentists from Feira de Santana- Bahia on the oral cancer. An exploratory study was carried out in which a questionnaire was applied to a random sample of 240 dentists. After the procedure of data collection, the statistics analysis proceeded through the program SPSS 10,0 for Windows, making use of Pearson's chi squared test, in the analysis of correlation of frequencies. The results have disclosed that, among the professionals who have participated in the research, 151 (62,9%) were female, 148 (62,9%) were up to 37 years of age, 125 (53,2%) up to ten years who had graduated and 122 (50,8%) were specialists. The levei of reliability to carry out the diagnostic procedures of oral cancer was considered low for 69,5% of the professionals. The professionals have reported not to investigate the presence of injuries in the first consultation in 21,1 % of the cases. Only 58.3% indicated the spinocellular carcinoma as the most frequent type of oral cancer. Tobacco consumption (100%), alcoholic beverage ingestion (89,2%), solar exposition (83,3%) and family history (93,3%) have been the most reported risk factors. Nevertheless, (96,3%) and (71,3%), respectively, believed that the use of badly adapted prosthesis and uncared teeth presence made up risk factors for the disease. Only 3.75% of the interviewed ones have gotten the highest results concerning the knowledge. The findings agree with the results disclosed in other studies and indicate the need of educational reshaping, in order to enable the professionals for an early diagnosis, and for the investment in healthful public policies in the city, which enable the adoption of strategies of primary prevention for reduction of the morbimortality of the disease. / O c?ncer bucal ? um problema de sa?de p?blica no mundo, inclusive no Brasil. A maioria dos casos da doen?a ? detectada em fase avan?ada, em indiv?duos de baixa renda e com pouco acesso aos servi?os de sa?de. Esta neoplasia pode ser prevenida, pois os principais fatores de risco relacionados ao desenvolvimento da doen?a s?o, em sua maioria, de ordem s?cio-ambiental. O tratamento, nos est?gios avan?ados, revela-se de alto custo econ?mico e social, com progn?stico desfavor?vel. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar o n?vel de conhecimento dos cirurgi?es-dentistas de Feira de Santana -Bahia sobre o c?ncer bucal. Foi realizado um estudo explorat?rio em que se aplicou um question?rio a uma amostra de 240 cirurgi?es-dentistas. Ap?s o procedimento de coleta de dados, procedeu-se a an?lise estat?stica por meio do programa SPSS 10.0 for Windows, empregando-se o teste do qui-quadrado de Pearson, na an?lise de correla??o de frequ?ncias. Os resultados revelaram que dos profissionais que participaram da pesquisa, 151 (62,9%) eram do g?nero feminino, 148 (62,9%) tinham at? 37 anos, 125 (53,2%) at? dez anos de formados e 122 (50,8%) eram especialistas. O n?vel de confian?a para realizar procedimentos de diagn?stico de c?ncer bucal foi considerado baixo para 69,5% dos profissionais. Os profissionais relataram n?o investigar a presen?a de les?es na primeira consulta em 21' 1% dos casos. Somente 58,3% apontaram o carcinoma espinocelular como o tipo de c?ncer bucal mais frequente. O consumo de tabaco (100%), o uso de bebidas alco?licas (89,2%), a exposi??o solar (83,3%) e a hist?ria familiar (93,3%) foram os fatores de riscos mais apontados. Entretanto, (96,3%) e (71,3%) acreditavam que o uso de pr?teses mal adaptadas e a presen?a de dentes em mau estado constitu?am-se em fatores de risco para a doen?a, respectivamente. Apenas 3, 75% dos entrevistados obtiveram o maior conceito em rela??o ao conhecimento. Os achados condizem com os resultados revelados em outros estudos e apontam para a necessidade de reformula??o do ensino, de forma a capacitar os profissionais para o diagn?stico precoce, e para o investimento em pol?ticas p?blicas saud?veis no munic?pio que possibilitem a ado??o de estrat?gias de preven??o prim?ria para redu??o da morbimortalidade da doen?a.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:39:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GreyceGG.pdf: 929158 bytes, checksum: 8ee5f64c315cee46f9d05b47b481ec4b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10-27 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Breast cancer has been considered a grave global public health problem due to its increase in incidence, in women s mortality and in the amount of financial resources spent on the therapeutic interventions used in the treatment of this neoplasia. However, this scenario presents some variations. In developing countries, the incidence of breast cancer is increasing but, on the other hand, the mortality is declining among patients because of public health actions toward early diagnostic that also result in cure of patients and decreasing levels of physical and psychosocial stress. In Brazil, we face of both the increasing number of breast cancer incidence and number of mortalities. Almost always the reason for that is a delayed detection that will provide a late diagnostic. The early detection of breast cancer has been studied in several researches. Some of them are concerned with women s experiences. Despite that, there is a lack of researches on dynamic comprehension of early attention to breast cancer from the health professionals points of view. The present research was carried out at the Unidade Mista de Felipe Camar?o (UMFC) and it was conducted with 11 professionals who work in the Family Health Program (PSF). The aim was to understand how early diagnostic and attention to breast cancer is being planned, discussed and accomplished by health professionals in their day-to-day actions. Semi-structure interviews were held individually with each professional, in a way that they could feel free to express their ideas about several issues. All the information from these interviews was analyzed and discussed using an Institutional Ethnographic approach. It was observed that the actions of health professionals working with early detection of breast cancer does not take place in a vacuum; they occur within institutional, relational and social ways. This interdependence influences their actions and points of view on the theme / O c?ncer de mama ? considerado um grave problema de sa?de p?blica mundial em decorr?ncia do aumento da sua incid?ncia, da mortalidade de mulheres e das grandes somas dispensadas para equacionar as interven??es terap?uticas empregadas a esta neoplasia. Entretanto, este panorama apresenta varia??es. Em pa?ses desenvolvidos h? o aumento da sua incid?ncia, entretanto h? a redu??o da sua mortalidade, sobretudo, pelo direcionamento das a??es de sa?de ? sua aten??o precoce, implicando na cura da grande maioria dos casos e na diminui??o dos impactos f?sicos e psicossociais. No Brasil, nos deparamos com a eleva??o tanto de sua incid?ncia quanto de sua mortalidade, em virtude, muitas vezes, do retardamento na sua detec??o o que ocasionar? o seu diagn?stico tardio. V?rios estudos t?m sido realizados abordando a tem?tica supracitada e muitos destes est?o direcionados ?s experi?ncias das mulheres. Contudo, percebeu-se a car?ncia de pesquisas relacionadas ? compreens?o da din?mica da aten??o precoce do c?ncer de mama a partir do olhar dos profissionais de sa?de. A presente pesquisa foi realizada na Unidade Mista de Felipe Camar?o (UMFC) com 11 profissionais das equipes do Programa de Sa?de da Fam?lia (PSF). Objetivou-se compreender como a tem?tica da aten??o precoce estava sendo articulada, discutida e realizada nas a??es cotidianas dos profissionais dessa institui??o. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e a an?lise e discuss?o das informa??es obtidas foi empreendida sob a perspectiva da abordagem da Etnografia Institucional. Observou-se que as a??es dos profissionais voltadas ? aten??o precoce do c?ncer de mama n?o acontecem em um vazio, mas s?o constru?das social, institucional e relacionalmente e essa interdepend?ncia acaba influenciando suas a??es e posicionamentos em rela??o ? tem?tica desta investiga??o

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:39:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PatriciaKSS_DISSERT.pdf: 1686523 bytes, checksum: 63ec5ac255a8bb762bb5a691027f86e6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-05 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Death due to childhood cancer reflects an early outcome of life, which can cause a strong repercussion in the mother s existence - figure to whom the greatest part of responsibilities during the child s illness is commonly allocated. The aim of this study is to understand the experience of mothers who have lost a kid as a consequence of childhood cancer, approaching the personal senses of this fact. Following a qualitative research design, with an exploratory and comprehensive approach, the study used the narrative method, which was obtained from a semi-structured interview, as the data generation procedure. The research counted on the participation of three adult mothers who had lost their kids because of childhood cancer, after - at least - a six-month period of oncologic treatment. The proposal of analysis follows the parameters of the phenomenological method and the data are based on Martin Heidegger s existential analytic. The results were structured into three thematic axes: previous History, child illness and its repercussions; The network of support and care; Loss and after loss: facing and signifying. It was possible to comprehend that the emergence of cancer in childhood promotes, since the diagnosis, a disruption of everyday meanings, accentuating the fragile condition of human life. In this specific circumstance of childhood illness, all the participants restricted their possibilities of being-in-the-world, dedicating exclusively to the practice of maternity. Concerning their relationship with their children in treatment, the narratives unveiled, in a convergent manner, the existence of care in a substitutive mode. In the network of support - primarily constituted by family, the health team and the support institutions - the relations were marked by proximity and detachment movements. With the child s death, mothers began to live a way of being-with the absent child , ensuring the continuity of the relationship with the dead infant. From the results exposed above, we can understand the motherly mourn as a singular experience in constant resignification, in which the subjective time overlaps the cronological time. The increment of anguish, resulting from the mother s confrontation to the question of finitude, mobilizes a process of change in their way of being-in-the-world, promoting an openness to new possibilities in their lives. Singular attention to the mother, during the process of illness and child loss, turns out to be fundamental / A morte em decorr?ncia de c?ncer infantil reflete um desfecho precoce da vida, evento este que pode provocar forte repercuss?o na exist?ncia da m?e, figura a qual, comumente, ? atribu?da a maior parte das responsabilidades durante o adoecimento do filho. Esse estudo tem por objetivo compreender a experi?ncia de m?es que perderam um filho em decorr?ncia de c?ncer infantil, aproximando-se dos sentidos pessoais desta viv?ncia. Seguindo os moldes de um delineamento qualitativo, com enfoque explorat?rio e compreensivo, utilizou-se como procedimento de constru??o dos dados o m?todo da narrativa , obtida a partir de entrevista semiestruturada. A pesquisa contou com a participa??o de tr?s m?es adultas que perderam seus filhos por c?ncer infantil, ap?s um per?odo m?nimo de seis meses de tratamento oncol?gico. A proposta de an?lise segue os par?metros do m?todo fenomenol?gico e a compreens?o dos dados ? fundamentada na anal?tica existencial de Martin Heidegger. Os resultados foram estruturados em tr?s eixos tem?ticos: Hist?ria pr?via, adoecimento infantil e suas repercuss?es; A rede de apoio e o cuidado; A perda e o depois: enfrentamento e significa??o. Foi poss?vel compreender que o surgimento do c?ncer na inf?ncia promove, desde o diagn?stico, uma ruptura dos significados cotidianos, evidenciando a fr?gil condi??o da vida humana. Nesta circunst?ncia espec?fica de adoecimento infantil, todas as participantes restringiram suas possibilidades de ser-no-mundo, dedicando-se exclusivamente ao exerc?cio da maternidade. Na rela??o com os filhos em situa??o de tratamento, as narrativas desvelaram, de maneira convergente, a exist?ncia de um cuidado no modo substitutivo. No ?mbito da rede de suporte, constitu?da primordialmente pela fam?lia, equipe de sa?de e institui??es de apoio, as rela??es foram marcadas por movimentos de proximidade e distanciamento. Com a morte do filho, as m?es passam a vivenciar uma forma de ser-com o filho ausente , garantindo a continuidade da rela??o com o filho morto. Tomando-se os resultados expostos acima, pode-se compreender o luto materno como uma experi?ncia singular em constante ressignifica??o, na qual o tempo subjetivo sobrep?e-se ao tempo cronol?gico. O incremento da ang?stia, decorrente do confronto da m?e com a quest?o da finitude, mobiliza um processo de mudan?a em seu modo de ser-no-mundo, promovendo a abertura de novas possibilidades em sua vida. Uma aten??o singular ? m?e, durante o processo de adoecimento e perda do filho, revela-se, portanto, primordial

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:18:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008 - Sylvia Cristina Silva de Azevedo.pdf: 288743 bytes, checksum: 2fb3e22ee2e2dbd442152f3dec4f8281 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-07-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Cancer is one of the most serious diseases in the humanity due to several factors. Psychological issues involving this disease, aggressive surgical procedures that determine aesthetic compromising of the patient, the development of side effects by the use of chemotherapy drugs and familiar involvement are the principal aspects that surround this disease with fear and prejudice. A great number of people have traumatic experiences, including sickened of family members or close friends, which are relived by the illness of their pets. In accordance with the principles of a qualitative research, 43 owners of dogs diagnosed with malignant neoplasias were interviewed, representative of the service routine of the Service of Oncology of the Veterinary Hospital of Small Animals of the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. The selection was based on the fact that their pets had been submitted to surgery or chemotherapy. The objective of this qualitative-quantitative work done by the use of a semi-structured interview was to evaluate the perception of the owners about the cancer disease of their dogs, as well as their convictions after the treatment provided for the animals and to establish correlations between results, and, as specific objective, to verify how owners evaluate the quality of life of theirs animals after oncological treatment and the possible relationships between owners fears and adherence to the proposed treatments. The profile of the interviewed owners was composed predominantly of women older than 30 years old, educational level between high school and college education, and family income of four to ten minimum wages. The interviewed owners used the most varied synonymies to define the word cancer and they had the knowledge that the disease is not contagious. More than half of the owners had cases of cancer between members of the family and only eight of them had previously experience with the disease in pets. The most frequent fears related to the oncological treatment were related to the anaesthesia and age of the animal during the surgery as well as the side effects by the use of chemotherapy drugs. The majority of the interviewed owners related an improvement in the quality of life of theirs dogs after the therapy. All owners declared that they would treat another animal that became ill of cancer and also they would recommend the treatment to sick animals of friends and family members, and many of them did not show wish of acquiring another pet. / O C?ncer ? uma das mais graves mol?stias existentes na humanidade por in?meros aspectos. As quest?es psicol?gicas que envolvem a doen?a, os procedimentos cir?rgicos agressivos que comprometem esteticamente o indiv?duo doente, os efeitos colaterais desenvolvidos pela utiliza??o dos medicamentos quimioter?picos e o envolvimento familiar s?o os principais aspectos que cercam a doen?a de temor e preconceitos. Um grande n?mero de pessoas possui experi?ncias traumatizantes como o adoecer de parentes e amigos pr?ximos, as quais s?o revividas com o adoecimento de seus animais de estima??o. De acordo com os princ?pios de uma pesquisa qualitativa, foram entrevistados 43 propriet?rios de c?es com diagn?stico de neoplasia maligna, representativos da rotina de atendimento do Servi?o de Oncologia do Hospital Veterin?rio de Pequenos Animais do Instituto de Veterin?ria da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, cuja sele??o foi baseada no fato de terem sido submetidos ? cirurgia e ou quimioterapia. Este estudo qualitativo-quantitativo, realizado atrav?s de uma entrevista semi-estruturada, teve como principal objetivo avaliar a percep??o da doen?a c?ncer dos animais pelos seus propriet?rios, assim como suas convic??es ap?s os tratamentos institu?dos nos animais e estabelecer correla??es entre resultados, e como objetivo espec?fico, verificar como eles avaliam a qualidade de vida de seus animais ap?s o tratamento oncol?gico e as poss?veis rela??es entre os receios dos propriet?rios e a ades?o aos tratamentos propostos. O perfil dos entrevistados que aderiram ao tratamento de seus c?es foi composto principalmente por mulheres com idade superior a 30 anos, grau de escolaridade compreendido entre ensino m?dio e superior e renda familiar de quatro a 10 sal?rios m?nimos, e utilizaram as mais variadas sinon?mias para definir a palavra c?ncer e tinham o conhecimento de que a doen?a n?o ? contagiosa. Mais da metade dos propriet?rios possu?a casos de c?ncer na fam?lia e apenas oito tinham experi?ncia anterior com a doen?a em animais de estima??o. Os temores relacionados ao tratamento oncol?gico mais freq?entes foram a anestesia e a idade do animal na cirurgia e os efeitos colaterais na quimioterapia. Grande parte deles considerou melhor a qualidade de vida de seus animais ap?s o in?cio dos tratamentos institu?dos. Todos os propriet?rios declararam que tratariam outro animal que adoecesse de c?ncer e recomendariam o tratamento aos animais adoecidos de amigos e parentes, e muitos n?o demonstraram vontade de adquirir outro animal de estima??o.

Submitted by PPG Medicina e Ci?ncias da Sa?de (medicina-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-10-10T18:14:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissera??o CRIS rev_VFinal.pdf: 2998966 bytes, checksum: fef2ba937c2e3faa8a245d6da4b908ae (MD5) / Rejected by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br), reason: Devolvido devido ? data de defesa cadastrada na publica??o (27/07/2018) estar diferente da data de defesa que consta na folha de aprova??o da banca (28/06/2018) no arquivo PDF. on 2018-10-16T17:23:19Z (GMT) / Submitted by PPG Medicina e Ci?ncias da Sa?de (medicina-pg@pucrs.br) on 2018-10-17T18:39:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertac?a?o_Cristina_Sebastiao_Matushita rev_VFinal_corrigida.pdf: 2373644 bytes, checksum: 8a866e5c464e92b65ce80b925e027963 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sheila Dias (sheila.dias@pucrs.br) on 2018-10-19T11:20:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertac?a?o_Cristina_Sebastiao_Matushita rev_VFinal_corrigida.pdf: 2373644 bytes, checksum: 8a866e5c464e92b65ce80b925e027963 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-19T11:26:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertac?a?o_Cristina_Sebastiao_Matushita rev_VFinal_corrigida.pdf: 2373644 bytes, checksum: 8a866e5c464e92b65ce80b925e027963 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-27 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of 68Ga?Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) for detection of prostate cancer and recurrent prostate cancer. Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane and Embase to identify relevant published studies reporting on the performance of 68Ga?Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) PET in patients with suspected, confirmed, untreated or recurrent Prostate Cancer. A composite standard included changing in PSA values, clinical follow?up and histopathological findings as reference standard. Results: Thirty-five studies including in total 3532 patients who underwent a 68Ga-PSMA PET met our inclusion criteria. We obtained a pooled positive likelihood ratio (LR) of 1.81 (0.75 to 4.36) with 0% heterogeneity. For patients with PSA <0.5ng/mL, the positive LR pooled estimate was 1.17 (0.37-3.73) and the sensitivity was 56% (0.42-0.68). Conclusion: This meta-analysis of available studies demonstrates that 68Ga-PSMA PET appears to provide good sensitivity and specificity. / O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o desempenho diagn?stico da tomografia por emiss?o de p?sitrons (PET) com ant?geno de membrana espec?fico da Pr?stata (PSMA) para detec??o de c?ncer de pr?stata e c?ncer de pr?stata recorrente. M?todos: uma pesquisa sistem?tica foi realizada em PubMed, Cochrane e Embase para identificar estudos relevantes publicados que relatam o desempenho do PSMA PET marcado com 68Ga em pacientes com c?ncer de pr?stata suspeito, confirmado, n?o tratado ou recorrente. Um composto padronizado incluiu altera??o nos valores de PSA, acompanhamento cl?nico e achados histopatol?gicos como padr?o de refer?ncia. Resultados: trinta e cinco estudos, que inclu?ram no total 3532 pacientes submetidos a um PET de 68Ga-PSMA, atendiam aos crit?rios de inclus?o. Obtivemos uma raz?o de verossimilhan?a positiva combinada (LR) de 1,81 (0,75 a 4,36) com 0% de heterogeneidade. Para pacientes com PSA <0,5ng/mL, a estimativa de LR combinada positiva foi de 1,17 (0,37-3,73) e a sensibilidade foi de 56% (0,42-0,68). Conclus?o: Esta meta-an?lise de estudos dispon?veis demonstra que o PET de 68Ga-PSMA parece fornecer boa sensibilidade e especificidade.

Data de aprova??o ausente. / Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-02-13T18:51:06Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) tatiana_fernandes_araujo_almeida.pdf: 2531556 bytes, checksum: 11a2583c0414dc55d6f907a2566a4de5 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2017-03-06T12:21:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) tatiana_fernandes_araujo_almeida.pdf: 2531556 bytes, checksum: 11a2583c0414dc55d6f907a2566a4de5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-06T12:21:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) tatiana_fernandes_araujo_almeida.pdf: 2531556 bytes, checksum: 11a2583c0414dc55d6f907a2566a4de5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / O carcinoma espinocelular oral (CECO) ? uma neoplasia maligna que acomete principalmente idosos. O desencadeamento da doen?a ? relacionado ? exposi??o aos fatores de risco e ao decl?nio da fun??o imune associada ao envelhecimento cronol?gico. Alguns estudos t?m demonstrado um aumento na incid?ncia de CECO em adultos jovens, sugerindo envolvimento de outros fatores na etiologia da doen?a, como uma altera??o do sistema imunol?gico. As c?lulas dendr?ticas (CDs) s?o c?lulas apresentadoras de ant?geno profissionais e estimuladoras eficazes para a expans?o clonal de linf?citos. Acredita-se que uma altera??o da fun??o das CDs em pacientes com c?ncer contribui para a falha da resposta antitumoral, levando a uma consequente progress?o da doen?a. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, atrav?s da imunoistoqu?mica, se h? diferen?a na quantifica??o tissular dos subgrupos de CDs, associada ? idade, em esp?cimes de bi?psias de CECO. Para isso, foram selecionados casos de CECO de pacientes em tr?s diferentes faixas et?rias: G1 (< 40 anos de idade, n = 12), G2 (? 40 at? < 60 anos de idade, n = 15) e G3 (? 60 anos de idade, n = 14). Os marcadores utilizados foram S100, CD1a, CD207 (para CDs imaturas, imCDs), CD83 e CD208 (para CDs maduras, mCDs). As imagens foram capturadas dos campos com maior intensidade de marca??o nas l?minas histol?gicas e a quantifica??o celular foi realizada com o aux?lio do software Image J. A frequ?ncia e localiza??o das CDs foram avaliadas e analizadas estatisticamente nas regi?es intratumoral (intertumoral e ou estromal) e extratumoral. No geral, imCDs foram significativamente mais frequentes que mCDs em todos os grupos. ImCDs e mCDs mostraram preferencialmente localiza??o intratumoral e extratumoral respectivamente. Comparando G1 versus G2 / G3 foi observada um significativo menor n?mero de mCDs em G1. Na compara??o de G1 em rela??o a G2 ou G3 houve um n?mero significativamente menor de ambas, imCDs e mCDs. Nossos resultados mostram que existe uma menor quantidade de imCDs e mCDs em CECO afetando pacientes jovens em compara??o com idosos, sugerindo um comprometimento da resposta imune antitumoral em G1e permitindo a progress?o do tumor. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Odontologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, [2016]. / Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a malignant neoplasm that mainly affects elderly people. The onset of the disease is related with exposure to risk factors and the decline of immune function associated with chronological aging. Previous studies have demonstrated an increased incidence of CECO in young adults, suggesting involvement of other factors in the etiology of the disease, such as a change in the immune system. Dendritic cells (DCs) are professional antigen presenting cells and effective for stimulating clonal expansion of lymphocytes. It is believed that a change in the function of DC in cancer patients contributes to the failure of the anti-tumor response, leading to a consequent progression of the disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate, by immunohistochemistry, if there were differences in tissue quantification of DCs subsets, associated with age in specimens of OSCC biopsies. For this OSCC cases were selected at three different ages: G1 (< 40 years old, n = 12), G2 (? 40 to <60 years old, n = 15) and G3 (? 60 years old, n = 14). The markers used were S100, CD1a, CD207 (for immature DCs, imDCs), CD83 and CD208 (for mature DCs, mDCs). Images were captured from fields with higher intensity staining in histological sections and cell quantification was performed with Image J software help. The frequency and localization of immunostained DCs were analyzed in intratumoral (intranestal and/or extranestal) and extratumoral areas and statistically compared. Overall, imDCs than mDCs were significantly more frequent in all groups. ImDCs and mDCs showed preferential intratumoral and extratumoral localization, respectivel. Comparing G1 than G2/G3 showed a significant lesser number of mDCs. G1 versus G2 or G3 there is a significantly lower number of both imDCs and mDCs. Our results show a lower number of both imDCs and mDCs in OSCC affecting younger than elderly patients, suggesting impairment of an effective antitumor immune response in G1 and enabling tumor progression, showing a gradual establishment of the antitumor immune response mediated by DCs according to the age, but with defects in quality.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T13:54:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JociaraAN_DISSERT.pdf: 1895191 bytes, checksum: dbcf62f6afa82ae98eef54e8d4e6cf1a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-27 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This paper discusses the experiences related to the treatment of children?s cancer which had children, their mothers and families as their main characters. They were mainly originated from areas in the countryside and urban poor areas in the State of Rio Grande do Norte. The non-governmental organization Grupo de Apoio ? Crian?a com C?ncer (GACC) was the privileged ethnographic location. In this setting, the mother, which was called acompanhante (companion), and the children, defined as pacientes (patients), were often sheltered in reason of therapeutic practices and the treatment undertaken by children in a nearby hospital. This study aims to focus on the therapeutic itinerary, beyond the children?s suffering, dealing with the family as a whole, since the moral values from these popular families imply the complete involvement of the family in relation to the illness and its treatment. Therefore, it is experienced as a family problem. We also intend to understand the construction of meanings to the illness, dealing with the ideological continuity in the relationships between the families and the GACC. These meanings were built in the intersection of these two spheres, which refer particularly to medical, religious and emotional explanations. Ethnographic methods were applied in this research at the entity and another social contexts, such as the family households. I also tried to retrieve the process of treatment outside the GACC, visiting the family context, when doing dense interviews or just having conversations with informants. It was found that the GACC, as a non-governmental organization, generates a negotiation of identities, which develops, then, through the family as a whole, but also through the child and especially the mother, affecting, in some way, their internal organization. Furthermore, the meanings of the experience of illness appeared to be shaped by the family sphere as well as by the logic of public health structures / Este trabalho aborda experi?ncias ligadas ao tratamento do c?ncer infantil vividas por crian?as, m?es e fam?lias das classes populares urbanas e do interior do Rio Grande do Norte, tendo como loca??o etnogr?fica o Grupo de Apoio ? Crian?a com C?ncer (GACC) do RN. No GACC, tanto a m?e, definida como acompanhante, como a crian?a, classificada como paciente, ficam abrigadas mais comumente em raz?o das pr?ticas terap?uticas e de tratamento pelas quais passam as crian?as. O objetivo desse estudo ? focar o itiner?rio terap?utico, para al?m da crian?a que sofre a enfermidade, na fam?lia como um todo, pois o universo moral do tipo de fam?lia em quest?o implica o envolvimento de todo o n?cleo parental no tratamento da mol?stia da crian?a, que ?, por isso, vivenciada como uma quest?o familiar. Pretendemos tamb?m entender a constru??o de sentidos para a doen?a, tratando das rela??es de continuidade ideol?gica entre as fam?lias e o GACC, pois eles constroem-se no entrecruzamento de ambas as esferas, que recorrem, cada uma de modo particular, ?s explica??es m?dicas, religiosas e emocionais. Foi aplicado o m?todo etnogr?fico na pesquisa feita na entidade e em outros contextos, tais como as resid?ncias familiares. Atrav?s de entrevistas densas e conversas com informantes, tamb?m tentamos resgatar o processo do tratamento fora do GACC, alcan?ando o contexto familiar. Constatou-se que a entidade gera uma negocia??o de identidades, que perpassa, ent?o, a fam?lia como um todo atrav?s da crian?a e, sobretudo, da m?e, afetando, de algum modo, a sua organiza??o interna. Al?m disso, os sentidos para a experi?ncia da enfermidade apareceram moldados tanto pela esfera familiar como pela l?gica das estruturas p?blicas de sa?de

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:03:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LeonardoTDBN_DISSERT_parcial.pdf: 2023324 bytes, checksum: af543040ab580eb729ea0ba7ac05cd5a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-08 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Fucan is a term used to denominate L-fucose rich sulfated polysaccharides. The fucans have been studied due their pharmacological activities like antithrombotic, antiproliferative and antioxidant. We have extracted three fucan fractions from the brown seaweed Spatoglossum schr?ederi. These fucans were denominated Fuc B 1, Fuc B 1.5 and Fuc B 2. The chemical analyzes show that the fucans have very similar composition as demonstrated by agarose electrophoresis gel, sugar and sulfate content. The antiproliferative effect was determined by MTT and BrdU methodologies in CHO cells. The inhibition of proliferation effect of the three fractions was about 40%. Therefore this we proceed just with the Fuc B 2 due the higher yield. There is no apoptosis indication using the anexin V/propidium iodide test. We found a cell cycle phase G1 arrest. The western blotting show that the PKC; pFAK; pERK 1/2 are activated when the cells were treated with fucans. The treatement with inhibitor of MAPK PD98059 extinguished the fucan effect. These results indicates that fucan act by the ERK pathway inducing the cell death. / Fucana ? um termo utilizado para denominar polissacar?deos sulfatados ricos em L-Fucose. As fucanas t?m sido estudadas devido suas atividades farmacol?gicas: antitromb?tica, antiproliferativa e antioxidante. N?s extra?mos tr?s fra??es de fucanas da alga Spatoglossum schr?ederi. Essas fucanas, denominadas de Fuc B 1, Fuc B 1.5 e Fuc B 2, apresentam uma composi??o muito similar como demonstrado pela eletroforese em gel de agarose, e conte?do de a??car e sulfato. O efeito antiproliferativo foi determinado pelas metodologias de MTT e BrdU em c?lulas CHO. O efeito na inibi??o da prolifera??o das tr?s fra??es foi de cerca de 40%. Assim, procedemos somente com a Fuc B 2 devido seu maior rendimento. N?o houve indica??o de apoptose usando a marca??o com anexina V-FITC/ Iodeto de Prop?deo. Identificamos uma parada na fase G1 do ciclo celular. Os ensaios de western blotting mostraram que PKC, pFAK e pERK 1/2 s?o ativadas quando as c?lulas s?o tratadas com Fuc B. O tratamento com o inibidor de MAPK PD98059 aboliu o efeito da fucana. Esses efeitos indicam que a fucana age via ERK para inibir a prolifera??o das c?lulas.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-03T15:28:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AlyssonLVG_DISSERT.pdf: 742336 bytes, checksum: 91f0c0ab60d1d0bf85017fb8994c46fe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-19 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / In this work we study the accelerated failure-time generalized Gamma regression models with a unified approach. The models attempt to estimate simultaneously the effects of covariates on the acceleration/deceleration of the timing of a given event and the surviving fraction. The method is implemented in the free statistical software R. Finally the model is applied to a real dataset referring to the time until the return of the disease in patients diagnosed with breast cancer / Neste trabalho apresentamos um estudo sobre o modelo de tempo de falha acelerado gama generalizado com fra??o de cura sob uma abordagem unificada. O modelo se prop?e a estimar simultaneamente o efeito de covari?veis na acelera??o/desacelera??o do tempo at? a ocorr?ncia de um evento e na fra??o de cura. O m?todo e implementado no software estat?stico livre R. Por fim o modelo e aplicado a dados reais referente ao tempo at? o retorno da doen?a em pacientes diagnosticados com c?ncer de mama

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-06-03T23:19:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GeorgeAlexandreLira_DISSERT.pdf: 12487121 bytes, checksum: e5befba62b31cf9c0849235dd847b32c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-06-06T23:43:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 GeorgeAlexandreLira_DISSERT.pdf: 12487121 bytes, checksum: e5befba62b31cf9c0849235dd847b32c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-06T23:43:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GeorgeAlexandreLira_DISSERT.pdf: 12487121 bytes, checksum: e5befba62b31cf9c0849235dd847b32c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-31 / Excluindo-se os tumores de pele n?o-melanoma, o c?ncer colorretal ? o segundo mais comum no sudeste do Brasil; o terceiro na regi?o sul e na regi?o Centro-Oeste. J? no norte do Brasil, ? o quarto e, na regi?o Nordeste, o quinto. Avaliar vari?veis clinico-patol?gicos do c?ncer colorretal ? de fundamental import?ncia para se conhecer poss?veis desfechos na sobrevida dos pacientes portadores e pontuar caracter?sticas na progress?o tumoral como o perfil da invas?o tumoral e angiog?nese. O objetivo desse trabalho ? estudar as caracter?sticas cl?nico-patol?gicas dos pacientes portadores do c?ncer colorretal (CCR) na Liga Norte Riograndense contra o c?ncer em Natal-RN/BR, analisando as vari?veis cl?nicas e patol?gicas como par?metros de progn?stico e determinando o n?vel de express?o de prote?nas, tais sejam: E-caderina (E-cad), Beta-catenina (?-cat), Galectina-3 (Gal-3), Metaloproteinases de matriz (MMP) 2 e 9 e o Fator alfa de crescimento v?sculo-endotelial (VEGF-?) nos tecidos tumorais. Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo dos casos de c?ncer colorretal da Liga Norte-Riograndense contra o C?ncer no per?odo de 1995 a 2005 em Natal-RN / Brasil. As vari?veis cl?nico-patol?gicas, tais como: idade, sexo, etnia, h?bitos de vida, hist?ria familiar, local do tumor prim?rio, grau de diferencia??o, estadiamento TNM, Dukes? modificado, tratamento e sobrevida foram analisadas. Os dados cl?nico-patol?gicos foram coletados dos prontu?rios m?dicos atrav?s de um formul?rio espec?fico e os dados foram armazenados em uma planilha do Excel. Um total de 534 pacientes foi selecionado do arquivo do setor da patologia dessa institui??o, mas 176 pacientes foram exclu?dos. 358 pacientes foram inclu?dos para an?lise epidemiol?gica e suas correla??es cl?nico-patol?gicas foram realizadas. 180 pacientes foram selecionados para estudos histol?gicos e imunohistoqu?micos. Prote?nas participantes da progress?o tumoral E-caderina, Beta-catenina, Galectina-3, Metaloproteinases 2 e 9 e o Fator alfa de crescimento endotelial vascular foram analisadas. Os blocos de parafina dessas amostras foram tratados pela t?cnica de Tissue Microarray e suas l?minas submetidas a imunohistoqu?mica para avaliar a intensidade de marca??o dessas prote?nas nos tecidos tumorais. Os resultados dessa an?lise foram correlacionados ?s vari?veis cl?nico-patol?gicas dos pacientes. An?lise estat?stica pelo Teste de qui-quadro de Pearson e an?lise de sobrevida pela Curva de Kaplan-Meier foram utilizados. Valores de p<0,05 foram considerados estatisticamente significativos. A m?dia de idade da nossa amostra foi de 58,8 anos e 51,7% foram do sexo feminino. O consumo de ?lcool aumentou em 1,71 vezes o risco de morte pelo CCR (p=0,034). J? o tabaco aumentou 2,7 vezes a chance de desenvolver tumores de alto est?gio TNM (p=0,001). Os pacientes com hist?rico familiar de c?ncer teve 3,833 vezes a chance de desenvolver o CCR (p=0,002). A express?o da MMP-2 mostrou uma associa??o significativa com os tumores de alto est?gio TNM (p<0,046) e mortalidade (p=0,041). A express?o do ? VEGF teve correla??o estatisticamente significante com o alto est?gio TNM (p<0,009), grau de indiferencia??o celular (p<0,025) e mortalidade (p<0,035). As express?es da E-caderina e Beta-catetina mostraram associa??o do tumor com alto est?gio TNM (p=0,0001) e Dukes? modificado (p=0,05), les?o em reto (p=0,03 e p=0,007, respectivamente), tabaco (p=0,05) e indiferencia??o (p=0,001). A express?o das Gal-3 apresentou relev?ncia estat?stica com pacientes de alto est?gio TNM (p=0,01), fumantes (p=0,01), etilista (p=0,03), indiferencia??o (p=0,0001) e mortalidade (p=0,0001). Frente aos resultados, pode-se perceber que o estilo de vida e hist?rico familiar teve correla??o no progn?stico do CCR, assim como a express?o de MMP-2, MMP-9, VEGF alfa, E-caderina, Beta-catenina e Galectina-3 foram importantes marcadores de progn?stico na progress?o tumoral no c?ncer colorretal. / Except the non-melanoma skin tumors, colorectal cancer is the second most common in the Southeastern Region of Brazil, the third most common in the Southern and Central Regions. It is also the forth most common in the Northern Region and it is the fifth one in the Northeastern. To assess pathological and clinical variables of colorectal Cancer is crucial to know the possible conclusions for the survival of patients and point out the characteristics in the progress of tumor, such as the profile of tumor invasion and its angiogenesis. This work focuses on analyzing clinically and pathologically some settings in colorectal cancer patients (CRC) in the city of Natal and its countryside through those variables as parameters of prognosis and determine the level of protein expression, for instance: E-cadherin (E-cad), beta- -catenin (?-cat), galectin-3 (gal-3), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 2 and 9 and vascular-endothelial growth factor alpha (? VEGF) in the tumor tissues. A retrospective study was done in colorectal cancer cases in the regions of Rio Grande do Norte state from 1995 to 2005, specifically in Natal city/RN/Brazil. The pathological and clinical variables, such as: age, gender, ethnicity, lifestyle, family history, the location of the primary tumor, level of differentiation, TDM staging, modified Dukes?, treatment and survival were analyzed. The pathological and clinical data were collected from medical records through a specific form and were filed on Excel. A total of 534 patients were selected from the Pathology Department file in this institution, however, 176 patients were excluded. 358 patients were included for Epidemiological analysis and its clinical and pathological correlations were selected. 180 patients were also selected for histological and immunohistochemical studies. The tumor progression of these selected proteins mentioned before were analyzed. The Paraffin blocks of these samples were treated by Microarray Tissue technique and its blades subjected to immunohistochemistry to test the intensity of these proteins in tumor tissues. The results of this analysis were correlated with clinicopathologic variables of patients. Statistical analysis using the chi-frame Pearson test and analysis of midlife by Kaplan-Meier curve was also utilized. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. The average age of our sample was 58.8 years and 51.7 % were female. Alcohol consumption has increased by 1.71 time the risk of death by CCR (p = 0.034) and tobacco consumption increased 2.7 times the chance of developing tumors of high TNM stage (p = 0.001). Cancer patients had a family history of 3,833 times the chance of developing the CCR (p = 0.002). The expression of MMP-2 showed a significant association with tumors of high TNM stage (p <0.046) and mortality (p = 0.041). The ? VEGF expression had statistically significant correlation with high TNM stage (p <0.009), degree of cell indifferentiation (p <0.025) and mortality (p <0.035). Expressions of E-cadherin and beta-catetina demonstrated tumor linked to high TNM stage (p = 0.0001) and Dukes? modified (p = 0.05), lesions in the rectum (p = 0.03 and p = 0.007, respectively), smoking (p = 0.05) and indifferentiation (p = 0.001). The expression of Gal-3 showed statistical significance with high TNM stage of patients (p = 0.01), smokers (p = 0.01), alcohol drinking (p = 0.03), indifferentiation (p = 0.0001) and mortality (p = 0.0001). Based on the results, therefore, we could realize that lifestyle and family history had correlation in the CCR prognosis, as well as MMP-2 expression, MMP-9, VEGF alpha, E-cadherin, Beta-catenin and Galectin-3 were important prognostic markers in tumor progression in colorectal cancer.