This thesis examines the historical problem of determining the relationship between a government's perception of public opinion and the decisions it takes. We introduce evidence for the social habits of the Cabinet in order to suggest new formulations of 'élite' and 'mass' public opinion. We argue that parliamentary opinion was generally more important in decision-making for the Cabinet, except at moments of extreme crisis when a conception of 'mass' opinion became equally significant. These characterization of mass opinion were drawn from a set of stereotypes about public opinion which academic and political theorization had produced. It is argued that this theorization was stimulated by ongoing debates about mass communication, the importance of the ordinary man in democracy and the outbreak of the first world war during the inter-war period. The thesis begins with an introduction to the methodological problems involved, followed by one chapter on theorization about public opinion in the inter-war period. Three diplomatic crises are considered in the case study chapters: the withdrawal of Germany from the Disarmament Conference in 1933, the German reoccuption of the Rhineland in 1936 and the threat of invasion of the Sudetenland in 1938. Two further chapters examine the role of public opinion in protests to Germany about the treatment of the Jews in 1933 and in 1938. It is argued that perceptions of public opinion played a much more important role in decision-making than has hiterto been thought. The most significant argument posits that perceptions of public opinion were equally as important as military considerations in the decision to refuse the Godesberg terms in 1938. More generally, the way in which politicians used public opinion rhetorically is described and the limits of the usefulness of the term for historians are suggested.

Thermal characterization of electronic cabinets is becoming increasingly important, due to growing power dissipation and compact packaging. Usually, multiple length scales of interest and modes of heat transfer are simultaneously present. A steady reduced order thermal modeling framework for electronic cabinets was developed to provide an efficient method to model thermal transport across multiple length scales. This methodology takes advantage of compact modeling at the chip or component level and reduced order modeling at subsystem and cabinet levels. Compact models, which were incorporated into system level simulation, were created for components, and reduced order models (ROMs) were developed using proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) for subsystems and system. An efficient interfacial coupling scheme was developed using the concept of flow network modeling to couple the heat and mass flow rates and pressure at each interface, when interconnecting ROMs together to simulate the entire system. Thermal information was then subsequently extracted from the global modeling and applied to the component model for detailed simulation. A boundary profile-matching scheme for ROM of each subsystem was developed to broaden the applicability of the multi-scale thermal modeling methodology. The output profiles of the subsystem upstream can be transferred to the input profiles of the subsystems downstream by adding necessary flow straightening ducts during the snapshots generation process. A general method to create dynamic multi-layer compact models for components and modules was developed. These dynamic compact models were incorporated into enclosure level simulation. The dynamic reduced order model for the enclosure was developed using POD. The transient multi-scale thermal modeling approach was illustrated through an electronic enclosure with insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) module. The multiscale thermal modeling methodology presented here was validated through experiments conducted on a simulated electronic cabinet and the test vehicle with hybrid cooling technique. The latter incorporated double-sided cooling with hybrid forced air convection, thermoelectric cooling, and micro-channel liquid cooling. The overall multi-scale modeling framework was able to reduced numerical models containing 107 DOF down to around 102, while still retaining an approximation accuracy of around 90% in prediction of chip junction temperature rises, compared to measurements.

I mitt examensarbete jämför jag styrkan för sammanfogningar i trämöbler med fasta tappar och centrumtappar utifrån fem parametrar: tappens dimensioner, tappens inpassning, tappens komprimering, tappens antal och tappens limning. Den övergripande frågan har varit, ”är fasta tappar eller centrumtappar starkast?” Målet har varit att sålla i olika teorier rörande dessa två typer av sammanfogningar och skapa ett underlag i syfte att hjälpa möbelsnickare och formgivare att kunna ta medvetna beslut vad gäller sina val av dessa typer av sammanfogningar. Genom litteraturstudier och verkstads besök har jag samlat kunskap som ligger till grund för det hållfasthets test jag sedan gjort i materiallabbet på Linköpings universitet. Testet har utgått från ett scenario där en stols bakben ska fogas samman med en sarg. Testet visar, utifrån ett antal angivna avgränsningar, att fasta tappar utan undantag är starkare än centrumtappar.Det visar också att en dubbel fast tapp fördelar belastningen bättre än en enkel fast tapp och bidrar till en betydligt starkare fog. För c-tappar gäller generellt att ökat antal tappar ökar fogens seghet men inte nödvändigtvis maxbelastningen. Inpassning och komprimering har betydelse för hur seg en fog är. / I have in my thesis compared the strength of mortise and tenon joints and dowel joints in wooden furniture. I´ve made the comparison based on five parameters: the dimensions of the tenon or dowel, the fit of the tenon or dowel, the compression of the tenon or dowel, the number of tenons or dowels and the gluing of the tenon or dowel. The bigger question has been, “is the mortise and tenon joint or the dowel joint the strongest?” The goal has been to go through different theories regarding these two types of joinery and making a foundation to help cabinet makers and designers to make conscious decisions regarding their choices of these two types of joinery. Through studies of literature and visiting workshops I´ve gathered knowledge that lies as a foundation for a test of strength of different joinery made in the material testing facility of Linköping University. The test was based on a scenario of joining the back leg and side rim of a chair. The test shows, from the given definitions, that mortise and tenon joints are without exceptions stronger than dowel joints. It also shows that double tenons better will distribute the load and make for a stronger and tougher joint. Dowel joints will get tougher with an increased number of dowels but it will not necessarily make for a stronger joint. The fit and compression of the tenon or dowel will affect the joints strength.

Submitted by Geyciane Santos (geyciane_thamires@hotmail.com) on 2015-07-23T14:49:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Claudio Eduardo Marques Gomes.pdf: 3451969 bytes, checksum: d3a5a51b493029254fb350e4ea2186e4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-07-23T15:56:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Claudio Eduardo Marques Gomes.pdf: 3451969 bytes, checksum: d3a5a51b493029254fb350e4ea2186e4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-07-23T15:59:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Claudio Eduardo Marques Gomes.pdf: 3451969 bytes, checksum: d3a5a51b493029254fb350e4ea2186e4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-23T15:59:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Claudio Eduardo Marques Gomes.pdf: 3451969 bytes, checksum: d3a5a51b493029254fb350e4ea2186e4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-21 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / User centered development has become a new trend in development of industrial automation systems. In this paradigm the user plays a central role during the whole development process. The users‟ needs, wishes, restrictions and preferences are being thoroughly analyzed and systematically integrated into the automation system. This affects the system architecture and its user interface already from the beginning of the development process. The result is a product, which is tailored to its end users. Usability and accessibility are two important aspects of such products, which are often addressed in the literature. They define the degree to which a product can be easily and intuitively used by as many users as possible. At the Institute of Industrial Automation and Software Engineering (IAS) an intelligent medicine cabinet has been developed, according to the user centered development paradigm. The intelligent medicine cabinet administers the medicine takings of its users, by giving them instructions and/or warnings on their medications. In this master thesis, the medicine cabinet has been extended to numerous functions and more stability. Administration of prescriptions, warning on unauthorized access, monitoring of allowed daily dosage, multilingual speech outputs and internet interface are among the achievements of this work. / O desenvolvimento centrado no usuário tem se tornado uma nova tendência no desenvolvimento de sistemas de automação industriais. Nesse paradigma, o usuário tem um papel central durante todo o processo de desenvolvimento. As suas necessidades, desejos, limitações e preferências estão sendo analisadas exaustivamente e integradas de forma sistemática no sistema de automação. Isso afeta a arquitetura do sistema e sua interface de usuário já desde o início do processo de desenvolvimento. O resultado é um produto, que é feito sob medida para os usuários finais. Usabilidade e acessibilidade são dois aspectos importantes de tais produtos, as quais são frequentemente abordadas na literatura. Elas definem até que grau um produto pode ser fácil e intuitivamente usadas pela maior quantidade de usuários possíveis. No Instituto de Automação Industrial e Engenharia de Software (IAS) em Stuttgart, um armário de medicamento inteligente foi concebido seguindo os preceitos do paradigma de desenvolvimento centrado no usuário. O armário de medicamento inteligente administra o consumo de medicamentos dos seus usuários, dando a eles instruções e/ou advertências quanto às medicações deles. Nessa tese de mestrado, o armário de medicamento foi estendido com várias funcionalidades e com maior estabilidade. Administração de prescrições, avisos quanto ao acesso não autorizado, monitoramento da dose diária máxima recomendada, instruções em diversos idiomas e uma interface web estão entre alguns dos objetivos alcançados nesse trabalho.

Projektet utfördes på uppdrag av företaget Lackeby Products AB som tillverkarslambehandlingsenheter. Uppdraget bestod av att utveckla och komplettera derasbefintliga slambehandlingsenheter med ett inloggnings- och registreringssystem med hjälp av PLC och RFID-läsare. Syftet var att ta fram en prototyp av styrskåpet med funktioner enligt uppdragsbeskrivningen. Arbetet bestod av att ta fram de komponenter som behövdes för att sedan skapa ett program för processen och bygga ett prototypskåp för utvärdering. Arbetet utfördes med hjälp av underlag från tillverkare och uppdragsgivare samt egna erfarenheter. Resultatet blev en prototyp av ett styrskåp till slambehandlingsenheterna enligt tidigare funktioner utökat med ett inloggnings- och registreringssystem med funktioner enligt uppdragsbeskrivningen. / The project was assigned by the company Lackeby Products AB, which manufactures sludge treatment units. The assignment consisted of developing and supplementing their existing sludge treatment units with a login and registration system using PLC and RFID reader. The purpose was to produce a prototype of the control cabinet with functions according to the assignment description. The work consisted of researching which components that were needed and then create a program for the process and build a prototype cabinet for evaluation. The work was done with basis from manufacturers and the company as well as own experiences. The result became a control cabinet for thesludge treatment units according to previous features, supplemented with a login and registration system with functions as described in the assignment.

Målet med det här examensarbetet är att utforska hur jag som möbelsnickare kan använda mig av dekorativa element. Dessutom vill jag söka svar på frågan om hur utvecklingen mot den minimalistiska estetik vi ser idag sett ut och vad den fått för konsekvenser. Undersökningen görs i form av en litteraturstudie där jag tar avstamp i ett källmaterial och diskuterar dekorativa element från flera perspektiv. Litteraturstudien innehåller bland annat en analys av dekorationer ur ett genusperspektiv, en undersökning av begreppet smak samt en reflektion kring hur ornamentik påverkar ett föremåls estetiska hållbarhet. Vidare använder jag mina hantverkskunskaper till att undersöka ämnet genom en fysisk gestaltning. I min gestaltning låter jag det avskalade i dealet representeras av ett bord från IKEA och genom att dekorera det med intarsia möts det minimalistiska med ett mer expressivt uttryckssätt. Min slutsats är att dekorativa element ger en större möjlighet för känslomässig anknytning till ett objekt och att vi hantverkare har chansen att tillfredsställa detta behov. Diskussionen om dekorationers vara eller icke vara är angelägen och bör fortsätta föras och nyanseras inomformgivnings- och hantverkssfären. / The aim of this thesis is to investigate how, in my role a a craftsman, I can use decorativeelements in my work. Furthermore, I seek to answer the question about how the development towards today’s minimalist aesthetics has evolved and what the consequences of this has been. This examination consists of a literature study where I use different sources to discuss decorative elements from a range of perspectives. The study includes an analysis of decoration from a gender perspective, an investigation on the term taste and a discussion on how ornamentation influences the aesthetic s ustainability of an object. Moreover, I use my craftsmanship skills to examine the subject through designing and constructing a physical object. In my design process, I merge the minimalistic ideal as represented by an IKEA table with a decorative element in the form of marquetry. My conclusion is that decorative elements have the possibility to enable emotional connection with an object and a s craftsmenhave the opportunity to satisfy this need. The discussion about the existence of ornamentationis important and should keep being held in the design and craft community.

Research on microphone choice and placement has been previously made for a variety of instruments, such as drums, vocals, and guitar, to name a few. However, in comparison, very little research has been made on the bass-cabinet. With help of the different methodologies used for previous research on electric guitar and snare drum, the optimal placement and choice of microphone for a 4x10” bass-cabinet were investigated. In a listening test, pre-recorded basslines were mixed with other instruments since it is more common to hear it in a mix of instruments rather than listening to it by itself. To make sure that the topic is not too broad, focus on the genre of rock was taken for this investigation. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected in a set of listening tests where the subjects rated their preference for their most and least preferable basslines. The subjects were asked to describe their preference utilizing different characteristics of the stimuli. An ANOVA test provided evidence that there is a statistical difference between the preference of one microphone model at a 15 cm distance from the bass-cabinet, in the category bass with band.

Robot controller cabinets are specified with interfaces which make it possible to connect different modules for completing numerous tasks that are chosen for the robot manipulators. Different interfaces will be utilized depend on the kind of tasks and settings that are chosen. Thus not every interface will be put into use in a controller cabinet, some are left behind. In order to fulfill the encapsulation standards of electrical enclosures, the unoccupied interfaces are covered and sealed with on-screwed cover plates and gaskets during the assembly of the cabinet. However, a new method for encapsulation hope to be investigated and introduced to improve the current solution with respect to the encapsulation requirements from ABB.  The introduced new solution is a knockout concept. The detailed design is investigated with the help of finite element analysis with the explicit dynamics method used for simulating the punching processes of the knockout designs. Where three different design variables are put into consideration for finding the most optimum knockout design.  The results show that, for the particular steel plate provided by ABB, a V-grooved knockout design with a grooving angle of 90 degrees and an unaffected thickness of 0.1 mm has the best performance in terms of smoothness at edges and the amount of plastic strain occurred in the material.  Traditional manufacturing methods to manufacture the obtained knockout design appear to be extremely time consuming and thus not profitable for mass production. However, a type of fairly recent developed grooving machines, the so called V-grooving machine, is believed to be able to solve the manufacturing problem. / Robot styrskåp är specificerad med mängder gränssnitt vilket gör det möjligt för anslutning av olika moduler till att kunna fullborda de uppgifterna valda för robot manipulatorerna. Olika gränssnitt utnyttjas beroende på den typ av arbetsuppgift och inställningar valda just för den. Därför kommer inte alla gränssnitt att kunna tas i bruk i ett styrskåp, vissa lämnas kvar. För att kunna uppfylla inkapslingsstandarden för elektriska kapslingar är dessa obesatta gränssnitt täckt och förseglat med påskruvad täckplåtar och packningar under montering av styrskåp. En ny inkapslingsmetod hoppas att kunna utredas och introduceras till att förbättra den nuvarande lösningen med avseende på de inkapslingskraven från ABB.  Den introducerade lösningen är ett knockout koncept. En detaljerad konstruktion undersöks med hjälp av finita element analys med explicit dynamik som grunden till att simulera knockout processer. Där tre olika design parametrar tas i beaktande för att hitta den mest optimala knockout konstruktionen.  Resultaten visar sig att, för den här särskilda stålplåten som tillhandahålls av ABB, en V-spårad knockout konstruktion med en spårvinkel på 90 grader och en tjocklek på 0.1 mm har den mest tillfredställande prestandan med avseende på jämnhet, d.v.s. reduceringen av vassa kanter, och mängder av plastiska töjningar som inträffas i materialet efter knockout processen.  Traditionella tillverkningsmetoder till att tillverka en sådan knockout konstruktion visar sig vara väldigt tidsödande och anses därför inte vara lönsamt för massproduktion. Emellertid upptäcks det en typ av relativt nyutvecklad spårmaskin, så kallad V-grooving machine, som tros att kunna lösa tillverkningsproblemet.

Artworks that use found or appropriated images and objects often function as collections. These collections simulate the everyday collections of mementos and souvenirs that come to represent aspects of an individual's personality and past. The collections of objects mirror the individual's collection of memories that help to define himself and provide a means of communication with others. The artist as collector takes on roles similar to that of storyteller and anthropologist, providing a narrative of conscious preservation. Through various devices of display and denial a curiosity cabinet I Wunderkammer representing and simulating a Self is created and the role of collector is passed on to the viewer. / Art History, Visual Arts & Musicology / Thesis (M.A. (Art History))

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