Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2017-07-17T12:15:00Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Chris Manuel Fritsche - 2017.pdf: 3056666 bytes, checksum: d6efbaf4a79cea3f7d6b1c15feb77c12 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-07-18T10:39:45Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Chris Manuel Fritsche - 2017.pdf: 3056666 bytes, checksum: d6efbaf4a79cea3f7d6b1c15feb77c12 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-18T10:39:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Chris Manuel Fritsche - 2017.pdf: 3056666 bytes, checksum: d6efbaf4a79cea3f7d6b1c15feb77c12 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-23 / This study identifies the occurrence of product / service and processes innovation, in the context of public educational institutions, by means of tests of hypotheses applied on a set of responses of 474 respondents, through the adoption of a free software, called Plataforma Certificado Livre. This is managerial software, which brings strong changes in the process of issuing certificates to institutions, to their customers. The changes in process and product/service offered by one technological tool are analyzed under the principles of innovation, such as quality improvements, increase of production capacity, cost reductions, among others, presenting a parallel between theory and practice. Ten hypotheses were elaborated, of which eight could be confirmed, allowing to conclude that, taking into account, mainly, the public sector, the adoption of the studied software impacts on innovation. The study also shows that, with the advancement of computer networks and technology as a whole, important technological innovations become possible to be implemented by the simple adoption of software by its managers, even when these tools were not developed by those who implement it. / Este estudo identifica, por meio de testes de hipóteses aplicados sobre um conjunto de respostas de 474 entrevistados, a ocorrência de inovação de produto/serviço e processos, no âmbito de instituições públicas de ensino, por meio da adoção de um software, denominado Plataforma Certificado Livre. Trata-se de um software gerencial, que traz fortes mudanças no processo de emissão de certificados por parte das instituições, aos seus clientes. As alterações no processo e produto/serviço oferecidos por uma ferramenta tecnológica são analisadas sob os princípios da inovação, como melhorias de qualidade, aumento da capacidade de produção, reduções de custo, entre outras, apresentado um paralelo entre a teoria e a prática. Dez hipóteses foram elaboradas, das quais oito puderam ser confirmadas, permitindo concluir que, tendo-se em vista, principalmente, o setor público, a adoção do software estudado impacta em inovação. O estudo demonstra ainda que, com o avanço das redes de computadores e, da tecnologia como um todo, importantes inovações tecnológicas passam a ser possíveis de serem implementadas pela simples adoção de softwares, por parte de seus gestores, mesmo quando estas ferramentas não foram desenvolvidas por aqueles que a implementam.

This study was purposed to extract, collate, and statistically format data contained in the national Beginning Postsecondary Students (BPS) Longitudinal Study: 1996-2001 database that pertained to persistence and attainment rates of GED recipients who began their postsecondary education at a community college during the 1995-96 academic year. The primary objective was to reckon the attrition rate of GED recipients during their first year of enrollment (FY 1995-96), and to measure degree or certificate attainment rates of that particular cohort of GED enrollees at the end of a 6-year study period (FY 2000-01). Several significant findings related to the academic prowess and characteristics of a cohort of GED students who enrolled in public 2-year educational institutions during the BPS:1995-96 study period are presented in this study. One of those findings is that the attrition rates of the GED recipients and the high school graduates who concurrently enrolled full-time at community colleges during the 1995-96 academic year were closely proximate by the end of their first year of enrollment (52.6% HS dropout rate versus 54.8% GED dropout rate). Another interesting finding is that accumulated GPAs of GED recipients who participated in the BPS:1996/2001 and who persisted through their first academic year as full-time enrollees in community colleges were slightly higher than their counterpart BPS:1996/2001 cohort of high school graduates who concurrently enrolled at community colleges. The statistical data reported in this study were garnered from a database administered by the US Department of Education; however, because this study presents its findings in the form of raw, unweighted data, it does not statistically reflect national representativeness. / Graduation date: 2004

Since 1997, fully noncontributory minimum pensions have been established in many Latin American countries, and have more recently been encouraged as a "zero pillar" of social security by the World Bank and other IFIs. These policies came into being under diverse political regimes and display a range of levels of generosity and universality. Becuase these policies are generally part of a modern bureaucratic welfare state project, they require identity documents, something that many low-income citizens do not possess. States have lowered barriers to the supply of identity documents, and new social policies, like noncontributory pensions and conditional or unconditional cash transfers, have stimulated demand for identity documents among those who do not currently have them. Brazils noncontributory pension, the BPC, has a means test and a large benefit (equivalent to the minimum wage), but requires providing identity documents for all household members. This report discusses the propagation of noncontributory pensions, then examines Brazilian government records to determine the size of the incentive to demand documents in Brazil using a logit model and a more novel survival time regression discontinuity design, raising questions of the relationships between benefit size, universality, document requirements, and poverty. / text

The government of Sweden encourage the development of electricity produced from renewable sources by maintaining an electricity certificates system in which producers that use renewable sources in their production are given certificates. The system is regulated in the Swedish Electricity Certificates Act (lag (2003:113) om elcertifikat). To prevent fraudulent behaviour a penalty fee is charged upon producers that have recieved certificates due to incorrect or misleading information. The penalty fee can be appealed to a court but under the Electricity Certificates Act it is not allowed to reduce or adjust. The purpose of this thesis is to analyse if the penalty fee in the Electricity Certificates Act meets the requirements of legal certainty in article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights (the Convention) including right to a fair trial and to be seen as innocence until proven guilty. The method used is analysing applicable sources in accordance with the Swedish legal hierarchy in which laws have the highest value. The Convention is incorporated into Swedish law and has the same legal value as such. Judgments from the European Court of Human Rights on the Swedish tax surcharge are used for guidance on how to interpret article 6 in the Convention. Two cases from Swedish courts concerning the penalty fee are used to find what problems the penalty fee encounters in a legal process. The rules on the penalty fee does not allow adjustments of it and circumstances in each case cannot be taken into consideration, therefore the penalty fee can be charged even when it would be unreasonable and there is a conflict with legal certainty in article 6 of the Convention. For that matter rules on evidentiary issues also has to be implemented. Courts can refuse to use rules which are in conflict with the Convention, but it is concluded that a change in regulation is needed.

Tyrimo objektas – ekologinio ūkininkavimo vystymasis Lietuvoje. Darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti ekologinio ūkininkavimo vystymąsi Lietuvoje ir identifikuoti ekologinį ūkininkavimą skatinančius veiksnius. Darbo tikslas suponavo šiuos uždavinius: 1) identifikuoti ekologinio ūkininkavimo vietą darnaus žemės ūkio vystymosi kontekste; 2) nustatyti ekologinio ūkininkavimo atsiradimo prielaidas, vystymosi motyvus; 3) išanalizuoti ekologinio ūkininkavimo mastą ir jo pokyčius Lietuvoje; 4) identifikuoti ir įvertinti ekologinį ūkininkavimą skatinančius veiksnius šalyje. Tyrimo metodai: • analizuojant ekologinio ūkininkavimo vystymosi Lietuvoje teorinius pagrindus, naudoti bendramoksliniai tyrimo metodai – loginė mokslinės literatūros ir teisinių dokumentų analizė ir sintezė; • įvertinant ekologinės gamybos ūkių skaičiaus, jų ploto bei specializacijos pokyčius, naudoti statistinių duomenų rinkimo, analizės bei sintezės metodai; • įvertinant veiksnius, turinčius įtakos ekologiškai ūkininkaujančių ūkininkų pajamoms bei ekologinio ūkininkavimo vystymuisi Lietuvoje, naudotas statistinis – matematinis duomenų analizės metodas; • statistinei informacijai apdoroti ir sisteminti panaudoti grupavimo, palyginimo ir grafinio vaizdavimo būdai. Tyrimo rezultatai: • pirmoje darbo dalyje išnagrinėtos ekologinio ūkininkavimo atsiradimo prielaidos, motyvai. Apibendrinama mokslininkų nuomonė apie ekologinio ūkininkavimo vystymosi veiksnius ir problemas; • antroje darbo dalyje išanalizuoti ekologinės... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Research object: the development of organic farming in Lithuania. Research aim: to analyze the development of organic farming in Lithuania and to identify the factors stimulating organic farming. The research object supposes those objectives: 1) to identify the positive territory for organic farming; 2) to determine the rise (origin) presumptions of organic farming, the motives of the development; 3) to analyses the extent of organic farming and its changes in Lithuania; 4) to analyses and evaluate the factors stimulating the organic farming in the country. Research methods: • common scientific methods such as analysis and synthesis of the scientific references and juristically documents were used while analyzing the theoretical reasons of the organic farming’s development; • to evaluate the number of organic farms, their territory and problem - oriented changes, the methods of search for statistical data, analysis and synthesis were practiced; • statistical – mathematical ways of analysis were used to evaluate the factors influencing the income and development of the organic farms • the ways of blocking, comparisons and graphic representations were taken to process and structure statistical information. Research results: • In the first part of the work coming (origin) presumptions and motives are presented as well as generalized scientific opinion about the developing factors and problems of organic industrial farming. • The second part analyses the number of organic... [to full text]

Au cours de la dernière décennie, l'Union Européenne a instauré une réglementation environnementale afin de limiter les émissions de Gaz à Effet de Serre sur son territoire. Ceci a contribué à la mise en place d'un marché du carbone européen (EU ETS) où s'échangent des certificats d'émission de CO2 (les EUA et les CER) ainsi que des produits dérivés reliés à ceux-ci. Ce mémoire aura pour objectif d'évaluer et de comparer différents modèles afin de représenter le prix des certificats d'émission et de tarifer les produits dérivés des marchés du carbone. / During the last decade, the European Union has regulated emissions of Greenhouse Gases on its own territory. Consequently, a European Carbon Market (EU ETS) is currently emerging where CO2 emission certificates (EUA and CER) and derivatives are traded on Exchanges. The objectif of this research is to evaluate and compare different models to represent the emission certificates' price and to price derivatives of the carbon markets. / L'analyse statistique des données a été effectuée avec le logiciel R.

No description available.

Dans un monde de plus en plus connecté, la question de la confiance dans les sys-tèmes d’information qui nous entourent devient primordiale, et amène naturellement à des interrogations quant à leur sécurité. Les enjeux de cette dernière concernent autant la confidentialité des données individuelles que la protection des architectures critiques, notamment déployées dans le domaine de l’énergie et du transport. Dans cette thèse, nous abordons trois problématiques liées aux architectures de sécurité des systèmes d’information. Tout d’abord, nous proposons une architecture pour un module de rupture protocolaire, fournissant une protection face aux attaques utilisant le réseau comme vecteur. Grâce à l’isolation et le filtrage des échanges qu’il réalise, nous montrons que ce nouvel équipement est particulièrement adapté à la sécurisation des systèmes de contrôle-commandes. Nous abordons ensuite le thème de la sécurité des utilisateurs finaux ou objets connectés, par la définition d’une Infrastructure de Gestion de Clefs (IGC) centrée sur ces derniers, dénommée LocalPKI. Elle repose sur l’utilisation de certificats auto-signés, et son objectif est d’allier la simplicité des IGC pair-à-pair avec la sécurité des IGC hiérarchiques.Enfin, nous nous intéressons à l’amélioration du mécanisme des ancres de confiance pour les autorités de certification, utilisé par exemple dans PKIX et LocalPKI. A cet égard, nous commençons par définir des protocoles multi-parties permettant de calculer des produits scalaires et matriciels, préservant la confidentialité des données. Nous montrons finalement comment les appliquer dans le cadre de l’agrégation de confiance, et par conséquent à la réputation des autorités de certification / In a increasingly connected world, trust in information systems is essential. Thus, many questions about their security arise. Topics of these questions include individual data confidentiality as well as protection of Industrial Critical Systems(ICS). For instance, ICS are deployed in sectors including energy or transportation where security is of high importance. In this thesis, we address three problems related to the security architecture of information systems. We first propose an architecture for a protocol splitting device. This provides protection against networkattacks by isolating and filtering data exchanges. We show that this new security equipment is well suited for ICS. Then, we focus on end-user security. We define a user-centric Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) called LocalPKI. By using self-signed certificates, this infrastructure combines the user-friendliness of PGP-based PKI and the security of hierarchical PKI. Finally, we improve the trust anchormechanism. It is employed by Certification Authorities (CA) and especially used in PKIX or LocalPKI. In that respect, we first define multi-party protocols to securely compute dot and matrix products. Then, we explain how to apply them on trust aggregations and thus on the reputation of certification authorities.

I takt med att befolkningen lever längre och åldersstrukturen förändras har samhället genomfört en satsning för att äldre ska kunna bo kvar hemma så länge som möjligt, den så kallade Kvarboendeprincipen. Följden är att vårdrelaterade insatser har ökat i hemmet där bostadsanpassning är en insats som möjliggör kvarboende längre. För att få en bostadsanpassning krävs det att en arbetsterapeut, eller annan sakkunnig, intygar att behovet finns genom att bedöma personens funktionsnedsättning relaterat till det som utgör ett hinder för aktivitetsutförande. Syftet med denna studie är att beskriva arbetsterapeuters kunskaper och erfarenheter av sin roll i bostadsanpassningsprocessen samt hur arbetsterapeuten involverar klienten i denna process. Tio arbetsterapeuter med minst två års arbetserfarenhet inom bostadsanpassningsområdet intervjuades genom semistrukturerade intervjuer. Resultatet framhäver arbetsterapeutens olika roller gentemot klienten och bostadsanpassningsenheten. Resultatet belyser även etiska dilemman och vikten av den praxisbaserade kunskapen. Vidare skulle en tydligare processbeskrivning och ökad vetenskaplig grund bidra till en mer jämlik vård för klienten, där både vetenskap och beprövad erfarenhet används. / As people live longer and the age structure changes, society has carried through an initiative to allow older people to live at home as long as possible, the so-called principle remaining living at home. The consequence is that health care related activities have increased in the home where housing adaptation is an initiative that enables remain living at home longer. To get a home modification requires that an occupational therapist, or other expert, certify that the need exists by assessing the person's disability related to that constitutes a barrier to occupational performance. The purpose of this study is to describe occupational therapists knowledge and experience of its role in the home modification process and how the occupational therapist involves the client in this process. Ten occupational therapists with at least two years of work experience in the field of home modifications were interviewed through semi-structured interviews. The result highlights the occupational therapist has different roles towards the client and home adaptation unit. The result also highlights the ethical dilemmas and the importance of the practice-based knowledge. Furthermore, a clearer process description and increased scientific basis would contribute to a more equitable care for the client, where both science and proven experience in use.

The use of new technologies in the legal system has caused considerable changes. Information is now more valuable and must be protected by the state legislatures. Such protection becomes necessary because electronic information can be easily accessed, but privacy comes under risk. It became thus necessary to develop new ways to protect the right to information in order to make it safe and reliable. Such is the purpose of the information security systems. The most widely used systems employ electronic signature technology associated to the issue of electronic certificates by reliable third parties. This kind of system has been the most efficient in assuring the integrity and authenticity of the contents and authorship of electronic information. In Brazil, the Brazilian electronic certification system, or ICP-Brasil, is used. It was created by the Provisional Act nº 2.200-2/2001 based on a centralized, hierarchical open model that uses credentials from electronic certificates issuing parties. Those parties, public or private, assure the legitimacy and authorship of electronic information in private legal relations, as in electronic contracts, or in public relations involving the government. Therefore, the aim of this study is to analyze the legislation established by the Brazilian legal system for the activity of electronic certification, with special emphasis to its constitutional aspects, in order to present solutions and assure the security systems offer efficient protection where electronic information is concerned. This critical analysis becomes necessary because it not only contributes to improvements in the model prescribed by the Brazilian government, but it also promotes digital inclusion with quality, which, in turn, will reflect in social benefits for the users. The bibliographical and descriptive research suggest the present electronic security system may start social changes in this effort to improve security of electronic information, although a greater commitment from the state is still necessary in order to encourage the use of electronic media as a general and efficient environment for the exercise of our fundamental rights. / A utilização das novas tecnologias pelo homem originou profundas mudanças, especialmente no âmbito jurídico. As informações adquiriram caráter de bem mais valioso, de modo que sua segurança tornou-se valor de estrema relevância a ser protegido pelos ordenamentos jurídicos estatais. Isto ocorre porque a liberdade no acesso e manipulação, bem como a privacidade, daquelas restaram seriamente fragilizadas pelos riscos existentes no meio eletrônico. Assim, foi necessário elaborar novas formas de proteção ao direito à informação a fim de que esse possa se efetivar no referido meio de maneira segura e válida. Para tanto existem os sistemas de segurança de dados, dentre os quais o mais utilizado, atualmente, compreende a aplicação da tecnologia de assinatura digital associada à emissão de certificados digitais por um terceiro ente confiável. Essa espécie de sistema tem sido a mais eficaz para garantir a integridade e autenticidade do conteúdo e autoria das informações digitalizadas. No Brasil, sua implementação traduz-se no sistema de certificação digital brasileiro, ou ICP-Brasil, criado pela Medida Provisória nº 2.200-2/2001 e que se encontra estruturado sob um modelo centralizado, hierárquico e aberto, baseado no credenciamento espontâneo das entidades emissoras de certificados digitais. Estes entes, que podem ser públicos ou privados, têm a função de ofertar legitimidade à autoria das informações digitalizadas quando utilizadas em relações jurídicas privadas, como nos contratos eletrônicos, ou em públicas, nos atos do governo eletrônico. Este trabalho visa, então, averiguar a forma de regulamentação estabelecida pelo ordenamento jurídico brasileiro para a atividade de certificação digital, particularmente no que concerne a sua constitucionalidade, a fim de apresentar soluções para o problema relacionado a esse sistema servir de instrumento eficiente para a efetivação do direito à informação no meio eletrônico. Realizar uma análise crítica nesse sentido é importante, pois contribuirá para aprimorar e adequar o citado modelo em conformidade com os ditames do Estado Democrático de Direito brasileiro, como também para possibilitar o alcance a uma inclusão digital com qualidade. Esta, por sua vez, refletirá em ofertar aos cidadãos um novo meio para concretização de sua dignidade humana. Por intermédio de pesquisas bibliográfica e descritiva, constatou-se que, embora o referido sistema tenha plenas condições de provocar uma mudança social no combate à insegurança no trato de informações digitalizadas, ainda se faz precípuo um maior comprometimento do Poder Público em estimular a utilização do meio eletrônico como um novo espaço hegemônico e eficiente para o exercício de direitos fundamentais.