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O objetivo deste trabalho consiste na descrição e análise das avaliações realizadas por residentes da atividade de ensino Saúde Mental da criança, ocorridas durante o estágio de Pediatria Comunitária no Centro de Saúde-Escola do Butantã, no primeiro ano de Residência Médica em Pediatria da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. Para contextualizar a experiência em questão, foi construído um percurso histórico a fim de delimitar a conformação das áreas da saúde da criança Puericultura, Pediatria e Saúde Mental da criança no campo da Saúde Pública. Problematizou-se a noção de subjetividade da criança como ponto central do trabalho desenvolvido com os residentes ao questionar sua importância para a formação do pediatra. A investigação foi realizada a partir de 58 textos produzidos pelos residentes no final do estágio, como avaliação. Os conteúdos foram trabalhados com base na análise de discurso. O trabalho de análise permitiu demonstrar a relevância da reflexão sobre o papel e a prática profissional e o despertar do interesse por um campo pouco explorado durante a graduação e a residência, que contribui significativamente para o atendimento integral da criança, preconizada pela instituição em foco / This paper describes and analyzes the internists´ evaluation of the teaching programme on Children´s Mental Health as part of the discipline of Community Pediatrics given at the Butantã Public Health Center during the first year of internship on Pediatrics at the Medical School of the São Paulo University. To give a proper context to the experiment, the author describes the historical process that helped to define the present situation of the disciplines involved with children´s health Puericulture, Pediatrics and Children´s Mental Health inside the larger field of Public Health. The concept of the child´s subjectivity is presented as the central point of the work with the internists and its´importance to their medical formation is discussed at length. This analysis is based on 58 texts written by the internists at the end of their period as part of their final exams. The texts´ contents were studied by means of discourse analysis. This work demonstrates the relevance of the reflection about the professional role and practice and the growing interest on a field most unexplored through graduation and internship´s years, with significant contributions to the global care of the children as postulated by the institute

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:47:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Thais Helena Affonso Verdolini_tese.pdf: 9569318 bytes, checksum: 38e434c99f16814fac0dbe031429b145 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-06-09 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / There are few studies concerning the description and analysis of the sociolinguistic levels in translation. Another field of study which lacks further research is the translation of contemporary children s literature in Brazil. The present work intends to analyze how the linguistic variations are organized in the translation of a children s book. The corpus is the contemporary book series The Adventures of Captain Underpants (1997) (in Brazil, As aventuras do Capitão Cueca, 2001). The study of this book series targets to understand how linguistic variations take place in the translation process, especially the diastratic variation focusing on child language. The original and the translated books are analyzed and compared so that the coherence of terms and resources can be observed with emphasis on slang and child language , as different books from the series were translated by different translators. The theoretical principles come from Translation Studies, Sociolinguistics and Literacy. / Um campo pouco explorado nas discussões em torno do ato tradutório é o que descreve e analisa a aplicação dos níveis sociolinguísticos na tradução. Outro assunto cujos estudos ainda são escassos no Brasil é o da tradução de obras infanto-juvenis atuais. A presente pesquisa busca verificar de que maneira se organizam as variedades linguísticas em especial a diastrática dentro do processo tradutório de uma obra literária infantil. O corpus é uma obra contemporânea, a série de livros The Adventures of Captain Underpants (1997) de Dav Pilkey (no Brasil, As aventuras do Capitão Cueca, 2001). Por meio desse estudo particular, procura-se compreender como as variações linguísticas, principalmente a variação diastrática no que tange à variedade da criança, ocorrem no processo de tradução. Analisam-se as obras original e a traduzida, contrastando as e observando alguns volumes da série para verificar coerência de recursos e termos -focalizando a gíria e a modalidade infantil utilizadas , uma vez que diferentes números foram trabalhados por diferentes tradutores. O embasamento teórico partirá de fundamentos da tradutologia, da pesquisa sociolinguística e de estudos sobre alfabetização.

Syftet med studien är att få kunskap om hur makt och normer påverkar barns inflytande i förskolan. Vi har valt att rikta fokus mot hur förskollärare ger barn inflytande i planerade aktiviteter inomhus. Studien utgår från en kvalitativ metod där vi intervjuat sex olika förskollärare i direkt anslutning till observationer som vi genomfört av planerade aktiviteter. Med planerade aktiviteter avses de aktiviteter som förskollärare planerar och leder med ett tydligt didaktiskt mål. Det insamlade materialet har analyserats utifrån olika maktbegrepp som hämtats från Michel Foucaults förståelse av makt. Vårt analytiska verktyg för bearbetning av det insamlade materialet har tolkats utifrån Harry Shiers delaktighetsmodell som bygger på Roger Harts “Ladder of participation”. Det är modeller som tillsammans med Paulo Freires teorier pekats ut som användbara i arbetet med barns inflytande. Tidigare forskning lyfter att barn enbart kan få fullt reellt inflytande i den fria leken. Samtidigt som det finns utrymme för fri lek i förskolan är en stor del av barnens tid på förskolan planerad med aktiviteter som förskolläraren och/eller arbetslaget leder. Vår studie visar att barn får inflytande i planerade aktiviteter men att makt och normer kan begränsa barns inflytande då förskollärare har en tendens att styra barn i en önskvärd riktning. Samtidigt finns det en vilja hos förskollärarna att bidra till en verksamhet som låter barn, på både ett verbalt och icke-verbalt sätt, ta plats och kunna påverka. / The aim of this study is to gain knowledge of how power and norms affect children's influence in preschool. We have chosen to focus on how preschool teachers give children influence in planned activities indoors. The study is based on a qualitative method in which we interviewed six different preschool teachers right after the observations we did of the planned activities. In this study planned activities mean those activities that preschool teachers plan and lead with a clear didactic goal. The collected material has been analyzed on the basis of different power concepts derived from Michel Foucault's understanding of power. Our analytical tool for processing the collected material has been interpreted on the basis of Harry Shier's participation model, which is based on Roger Hart's "Ladder of participation". Together with Paulo Freire's theories these participation models are pointed out as useful in the work with children's influence. Previous research suggests that children can only have full real influence in the free play. While there is room for free play in the preschool, much of the children's time at preschool is planned with activities that the preschool teacher and / or the work team leads. Our study shows that children get influence in planned activities, but that power and norms can limit children's influence when preschool teachers have a tendency to direct children in a desirable direction. At the same time, there is a desire among preschool teachers to contribute to an activity that allows children, in both a verbal and non-verbal manner, to take their place and be able to influence.

<p>The aim of this master’s thesis is to examine libraries which combine the functions of school- and public library and to evaluate the staff’s experience and attitude towards a library profile with the emphasis on children and youth. The purpose of the study is also to examine how the libraries work with several tasks and functions within different target groups with different needs.</p><p>With new institutionalism and Scandinavian institutional theory the thesis examine the library as an organization and what influences the construction. With a model that describes how the library constitutes four different rooms in the society I investigate the different functions.</p><p>The methodology is qualitative with interviews of five persons of the staff, four librarians and one library assistant. The study examines how the staff that works at two libraries under similar conditions experiences their tasks. Both libraries have a library profile and are school- and public libraries.</p><p>The results show that it can be a problem to combine two working cultures, teachers and librarians, from a normative perspective and cause problems with roll definitions. A library profile can be defined as an adaption to the market and the local needs should be considered in order to succeed. The context of local circumstances within the district such as social conditions and working methods should also be considered. It’s important to analyze what the library can do to justify their activity. The survey also showed that the two libraries were very different from each other and that the staff thinks differently about the profile and is differently accepted by the staff.</p>

<p>Background: The Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) is considered one of the most successful international efforts to protect, promote and support breastfeeding. The initiative has proven impact, increasing the likelihood of babies being exclusively breastfed for six months. Official designation as Baby Friendly requires careful assessment completed by a trained external team to confirm that the institution is truly carrying out all Ten Steps of successful breastfeeding and conforming to the International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes (BMS).The implementation of these principles are however challenging for facilities as it requires &ldquo / strategic planning, implementation and maintaining change&rdquo / within the facilities. Aim: To assess the factors influencing the implementation of BFHI principles in non accredited MOU` s in the Metropole region of the Western Cape.</p>

The aim of this master’s thesis is to examine libraries which combine the functions of school- and public library and to evaluate the staff’s experience and attitude towards a library profile with the emphasis on children and youth. The purpose of the study is also to examine how the libraries work with several tasks and functions within different target groups with different needs. With new institutionalism and Scandinavian institutional theory the thesis examine the library as an organization and what influences the construction. With a model that describes how the library constitutes four different rooms in the society I investigate the different functions. The methodology is qualitative with interviews of five persons of the staff, four librarians and one library assistant. The study examines how the staff that works at two libraries under similar conditions experiences their tasks. Both libraries have a library profile and are school- and public libraries. The results show that it can be a problem to combine two working cultures, teachers and librarians, from a normative perspective and cause problems with roll definitions. A library profile can be defined as an adaption to the market and the local needs should be considered in order to succeed. The context of local circumstances within the district such as social conditions and working methods should also be considered. It’s important to analyze what the library can do to justify their activity. The survey also showed that the two libraries were very different from each other and that the staff thinks differently about the profile and is differently accepted by the staff.

Det blir allt vanligare med stora barngrupper i förskolan och personaltätheten är ofta låg i relation till barngruppens storlek. Detta leder till att pedagoger i förskolan, upplever frustration när det gäller att uppnå förskolans uppdrag som innefattar att tillgodose varje barns behov för att främja deras utveckling. Syftet med vår studie är att belysa pedagogers utsagor, inklusive resonemang, om arbetssätt och organisation av verksamheten gällande individualisering av barns språkutveckling i förskolans stora barngrupper. Studien bygger på sex kvalitativa forskningsintervjuer med pedagoger som arbetar eller har arbetat med barn i åldern 3-5 år. Resultatet av vår studie visar att ett arbetssätt för att se den enskilda individen är att dela in den stora gruppen i mindre grupper. Ett annat arbetssätt är att i vardagssituationer möta barnen i samspel och dialog på den nivå de befinner sig. Den stora barngruppen kan hindra barnens språkutveckling på olika sätt som när det gäller barnens talutrymme och möjlighet till enskild tid med pedagogerna. Dokumentation och kartläggning hjälper pedagogerna att följa barnens individuella språkutveckling och att organisera verksamheten. Det är inte alltid gruppstorleken som bidrar till att pedagogerna inte kan möta alla barn utan konstellationen av gruppen kan vara minst lika betydelsefull. / Today, pre-schools are often associated with large children’s groups and the personnel are understaffed in relation to the size of the children’s groups. This results in, pedagogues feel frustrated that they do not have the time (and resources) to provide for every child’s need to support their development, which is one of the commissions of the pre-school. The purpose of our study is to illustrate a pedagogue reasoning on how to work in order to individualise 3- 5-year-old children’s language process in relation to the size of the children’s groups. The study is based on six qualitative interviews with pedagogues who work or have worked with children in the ages of 3 to 5 years old. This method is chosen in order to realise how teachers reflect on and act to notice and distinguish every child and their language process among the rest of the children. The results show that it is often easier to pay attention to every child when they are divided into several smaller groups. Another way is to interact with the child in ordinary situations in their own level of language development. The large group of children can stop their language process when it comes to their speech development and possibility of individual time with the pedagogues. Documentation helps the teachers to organise the way to work and thereby on how to follow every child’s individual language process. Something that can be of importance is that it is not always the size of the group that is the contributory cause for a pedagogue to take notice to every child and its needs but the composition of the group can also be determining.

Syftet med Barnahus är att barn som misstänkts blivit utsatt för våld eller övergrepp ska i en trygg och barnvänlig miljö förmedla sin upplevelse, samt hjälpa barnet genom stöd och insatser att bemästra utsattheten. Studien grundas på kvalitativa intervjuer som metod. Respondenterna som ingår i studien representerar Socialtjänsten, Polismyndigheten, Åklagarmyndigheten, Barnkliniken och Barn- och ungdomspsykiatrin. Resultatet presenterar samverkansparternas upplevelse av samverkans funktion, fördelar och brister, samt hur barnets rättigheter tillämpas i utredningsprocessen. Resultatet påvisar att respondenterna upplever samverkan i Barnahus som en möjlighet till personlig och yrkesmässig utveckling, och att samverkan över yrkesrollerna är en förutsättning för att tillgodose barnets behov av skydd och trygghet. Dock framkommer det av resultatet att parterna upplever brister i samverkan. / The purpose of Children´s Advocacy Center (Barnahus) is that the children who is suspected victim of violence or abuse, in a safe and child-friendly environment convey their experience, and help the child through support and effort to overcome the vulnerability. The study is based on qualitative interviews as a method. Respondents included in this study represent the Social Services, Police Authority, Prosecution Authority, Department of Pediatrics and Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. The result presents the collaboration partners experience of collaborative functionality, advantages and deficiency, and how the child´s rights are applied in the investigation process. The results establish that the respondents experience collaboration in Children´s Advocacy Center as an opportunity for personal and professional development and collaboration across professional roles are essential to meet the child´s need for protection and security. However, it comes clear to the outcome that the parties experience deficiencies in cooperation.

Children's literature affects the child's socialisation process, including the shaping the gender roles. But despite this, up to now children have featured less in gender scholarship. Against this backround, this paper seeks to critically interrogate the physical, social, economic and political manifestations of masculinities in selected Kiswahili children\'s books from Kenya. By analysing these works, we hope to demonstrate that power and ideological aspects of masculinites are rooted at childhood. Since special attention will be paid to the ideological and power basis of the masculinities, the analysis of the selected works is done in the encompassing prism of Critical Discourse Analysis revealing hegemonic masculinities.