Au tournant du 20e siècle, après la chute du Second Empire, la France traverse une période d’incertitude institutionnelle. En voulant ancrer le nouveau régime, les fondateurs de la Troisième République engagent le pays dans une période d’expansion coloniale. Les principaux promoteurs de la politique coloniale, dont Jules Ferry et Léon Gambetta, tentent de la justifier en intégrant les principes universalistes républicains au discours colonialiste de l’époque. Cette tactique de persuasion politique entraînera son lot de contradictions idéologiques. L’historiographie soutient qu’un consensus sur la politique coloniale existe chez les contemporains. Cependant, plusieurs acteurs de la Troisième République s’y opposent, donnant naissance à un courant anticolonialiste, lui aussi inspiré de la pensée républicaine. Le but de ce mémoire est d’étudier de quelle façon deux courants idéologiques, en apparence contradictoires, peuvent se baser sur les mêmes racines philosophiques pour définir leur discours. La pensée républicaine s’appuie sur les principes issus de la Déclaration des droits de l’homme de 1794, mettant de l’avant les concepts d’égalité et de liberté. Alors que ces principes seront largement soutenus et diffusés par le discours colonialiste, l’application de ces valeurs dans les colonies se fait attendre. Ne voulant pas trahir l’héritage républicain du nouveau régime, les penseurs de la Troisième République s’affairent à le déformer, par l’entremise des concepts de « hiérarchie raciale » et de « mission civilisatrice ». Pour l’étude des discours colonialistes et anticolonialistes, des périodiques et des ouvrages d’époque seront analysés, en plus de nombreuses prises de parole à la Chambre des députés. Ce mémoire étudie comment la pensée républicaine sous-tend à la fois le discours colonialiste et anticolonialiste. Dans cette optique, l’analyse du discours s’opposant à la colonisation démontre qu’un courant anticolonialiste stable et durable était bien présent durant la Troisième République. / At the turn of the 19th century, after the fall of the Second Empire, France underwent a period of institutional uncertainty. By trying to consildate the new regime, the founders of the Third Republic engaged the country in a period of colonial expansion. The main promoters of the colonial policy, of which Jules Ferry and Léon Gambetta, try to justify it by integrating universalists republicans principles into the colonial discourse. This method of political persuasion will brought to light its share of contradictions. Historiography on the subject tend to consider that there was a consensus among contemporaries. However, several political actors of the Third Republic will oppose colonial expansion, giving rise to an anti-colonialist current, also inspired by republican thought. The purpose of this dissertation is to examine how two different ideological currents, seemingly contradictory, can define their discourse on the basis of the same philosophical roots. Republican ideology is based upon the principles of the Déclaration des droits de l’homme of 1794, which put forward the concepts of equality and liberty. While these principles were upheld in the colonialist discourse, their application in the colonies was constantly put off. In order not to betray their republican heritage, Third Republic thinkers distorted it, through the concepts of « hiérarchie raciale » and « mission civilisatrice ». Colonialist and anti-colonialist speeches will be analyzed in periodicals and contemporary publications, in addition to numerous speeches from the Chambre des députés (Chamber of Deputies). This dissertation examines studies how republican thought supports both colonialist and anti-colonialist discourse. In that perspective, the analysis of the arguments opposing colonization demonstrates that a stable and lasting anti-colonialist current was clearly present under the Third Republic.

This study is concerned with the Self/Other dichotomy, originally formulated by scholars of South Asian history in the context of European imperialistic treatments of the peoples whom they colonized for centuries, as applied to Mexican history. I have chosen some visual, cinematic, and literary representations of indigenous and other dispossessed peoples from both colonial and post-colonial Mexico in order to gain some insights into the vision of the powerless, (the 'Other'), held by the powerful (the colonizers, whether internal or external), especially, but not exclusively, in the context of race. Some public and private works of Mexican art from the 18th , 19th. and the 20th centuries are used to understand the perceptions of the Other in Colonial Mexico City, at the time of Independence, in state-sponsored pre and post-Revolutionary spectacles representing indigenous peoples, cinematic representations of the marginalized and the dispossessed from the Golden Age of Mexican cinema, and in the representation of the marginalized in the literary and photographic works of Juan Rulfo. I conclude that an ambivalent mixture co-existed in Mexican culture through the centuries, on the one hand, honoring the blending that is expressed in the word 'mestizaje', and on the other, adhering to a thoroughly Eurocentric world view. This ambivalence persisted from the 18th century through Independence and the Revolution and its aftermath, albeit in transformed ' / M. A. / Mexico presents an interesting contrast to the United States with respect to the history of race since colonization. The 16th century Spanish conquerors, and the colonizers who followed them, acknowledged the offspring of their unions with indigenous women, setting a tradition that resulted, by the 20th century, in mixed race peoples becoming the major component of the Mexican population. Despite this, there remained a sense in the culture that Europe and those of European descent were still the ideal towards which Mexico aspired, while from time to time, there were paradoxical displays, honoring the ethnic diversity that was New Spanish/Mexican reality. In light of this ambivalence, I have examined some literary and artistic examples of the perception of the colonizers, internal or external, of those whom they marginalized.

No / This study explores how colonial laws and administrative practices shaped the evolution of employment management in Pakistan. It identifies important mechanisms used by the British Raj (the period of British rule of the subcontinent) to institutionalise legal and administrative frameworks: the legacies of these structures continue to influence contemporary management practices in government sector organisations. This article investigates the legacy of the Raj's ¿quota system¿ in the civil services and the doctrine of the ¿martial race¿ in military services, both of which offered enduring structural advantages in the labour market to designated groups. It further considers the implications of the study's findings for international HRM in particular, but also management theory, comparative HRM and comparative management in post-colonial societies.

Text in English / The study unravels moral perversion in selected post-independence detective Shona novels. Moral perversion is a multi-faceted concept and the study focuses on corruption, sexual harassment, abuse of office, stealing, poaching and illegal manufacturing of intoxicating products as the key definers of moral perversion. Afrocentricity merged with Kawaida philosophy are the lenses used to pass critical judgements on the extent the selected literary practitioners portrayed literature rooted in the African ontological existence on moral perversion. Fictional works used as primary sources are Sajeni Chimedza (1984), Mutikitivha Dumbuzenene (1991), Munzwa mundove (1999) and Dandemutande, (1998). All the novels are set in the post-independence era in Zimbabwe when moral perversion is rife. The study is qualitative in nature and data was gathered using questionnaires and interviews from literary critics, publishers and novelists. Particular attention is paid on the causes of moral perversion, images of people in leadership positions and the implications of character assassination of leaders in relation to the development of purposeful literature. The study contends that moral insanity is an acknowledged problem in the post-independence era and novelists are portraying leaders as the chief culprits manning factionalism and unorthodox ways of acquiring resources at the expense of the majority of citizenry. Guided and informed by Afrocentricity, the study argues that novelists are raising pertinent issues although their views are myopic, simplistic and self-defeating because they are failing to see that the leaders are also victims who are victimizing other victims. Blaming the leadership on moral perversion ignoring the impact of colonialism, and neo-colonialism in shaping African personality creates more harm than good as this exonerates the imperialistic system of exploitation which impinges on African culture and personality. Therefore, the study argues that novelists erroneously blame individuals for the sins of a system. There is need to interrogate both external and internal factors to establish sustainable home-grown problem solving solutions to improve human condition and the development of functional literature in Africa. / African Languages / D. Litt. et Phil. (African Languages)

A observação dos procedimentos formais empregados por António Lobo Antunes em O esplendor de Portugal (1997) levou-nos a constatar a existência, no livro, de uma visão crítica muito peculiar e complexa a respeito da História do colonialismo português e do contexto pós--colonial em que Angola e Portugal inserem-se. Dessa forma, o objetivo de nossa dissertação de mestrado é elucidar a dinâmica social representada nO esplendor de Portugal e a condução que o desígnio autoral dá a essa representação. Nesse sentido, procuramos identificar as inter- -relações entre os elementos formais estruturadores da obra e aqueles que regem as dinâmicas sociais que nela figuram. Para alcançarmos tal objetivo, direcionamos nossos estudos a leituras de teoria e crítica literária pautados nas noções de redução estrutural e de interpretação dialética, que Antonio Candido propõe. Paralelamente, procedemos ao delineamento e à análise dos contextos históricos que envolvem o enredo do romance em questão, com ênfase à observação das dinâmicas dialéticas que se deram entre o desenvolvimento do capitalismo das grandes potências mundiais e o atraso econômico de Portugal, bem como ao modo como essas dinâmicas intervieram na constituição e na manutenção das formas sociais de base do colonialismo português na África. Depois desse embasamento teórico, efetuamos a análise literária de O esplendor de Portugal e constatamos que, nessa obra, a visão crítica sobre o colonialismo português em suas imbricações com as conjunturas políticas e econômicas mundiais assenta-se no cruzamento, dentro do romance, de diversas temporalidades, que se situam entre o fim do século XIX e o ano de 1995. É a partir do cruzamento dessas temporalidades que o desígnio autoral faz sobressaírem questões como os modos de exploração da força de trabalho angolana, a atuação do grande capital estrangeiro em Angola, o travamento das expectativas de expansão econômica dos colonos proprietários, subordinados que estavam ao Estado português e ao poderio do grande capital, a corresponsabilidade desses colonos na instituição e na generalização da violência que permeou as relações sociais na colônia e a influência que os interesses estrangeiros também tiveram na exploração de Angola, nos rumos da guerra colonial e na intensificação e ampliação dos conflitos existentes entre os movimentos nacionalistas angolanos. A principal conclusão a que chegamos, portanto, é a de que o pilar sobre o qual se assenta a construção de O esplendor de Portugal é a composição, subjacente à complexa rede narrativa do romance, de uma rede não menos complexa de relações causais entre as temporalidades abrangidas no livro, na qual se destacam as linhas de ruptura e de continuidade históricas que sustentam essa rede e que constroem a representação do presente catastrófico em que se situam os narradores. / The observation of formal procedures employed by António Lobo Antunes in O esplendor de Portugal (1997) took us to recognize the existence, in the book, a very peculiar and complex critical view about the History of portuguese colonialism and the post-colonial context in that Angola and Portugal are inserted. In this way, the purpose of our dissertation is to show the social dynamics represented in O esplendor de Portugal and the driving the authorial plan gives to this representation. Therefore, we look for to identify the relationships between the formal elements structures of the work and those that react the social dynamics that are listed. To achieve this purpose, we direct our studies to readings of literary theory and criticism based on the concepts of structural reduction and dialectical interpretation that Antonio Candido proposes. At the same time, we proceed to delineation and to analysis of the historical context to involve the plot of the novel in question, with emphasis to observation of dialectical dynamics that happened between the development of capitalism of the major world powers and the economic backwardness of Portugal, as well to how these dynamics intervened in the constitution and in the maintenance of basic social forms of portuguese colonialism in Africa. After this theoretical base, we did the literary analysis of O esplendor de Portugal and we found that, in this work, the critical view on portuguese colonialism in their impact, appear with the political and economic situations in the world are cross, into the novel, of different temporalities, which fall between the end of the 19TH century and the year of 1995. Is from crossing these temporalities that authorial intent does to protrude issues like operating modes of the angolan workforce, the performance of large foreign capital in Angola, the expectations of economic expansion of the colonists owners, subordinates who were the Portuguese State and the power of big capital, the co-responsibility of these settlers in the institution and in the widespread violence that pervaded the social relations in the colony and the influence that foreign interests also had on Angola exploration, in the direction of the colonial war and on intensification and expansion of the existing conflicts between the Angolan nationalist movements. The main conclusion that we reached, therefore, is that the pillar on which sits the creation of O esplendor de Portugal is the composition, underlying the complex net of romance narrative, not less complex of causal relationships between the temporalities covered in the book, in which the lines of rupture and historical continuity that underpin this network and that build the representation of the catastrophic present in which are situated the narrators.

Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2014-09-05T16:56:00Z No. of bitstreams: 2 MARCELLO FELISBERTO MORAIS DE ASSUNÇÃO - 2014.pdf: 1539632 bytes, checksum: de88156a28669b711fb473bd1b9ad1b9 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-05T16:56:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 MARCELLO FELISBERTO MORAIS DE ASSUNÇÃO - 2014.pdf: 1539632 bytes, checksum: de88156a28669b711fb473bd1b9ad1b9 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-27 / Our main objective in this dissertation is to investigate the lusitanization project of the South Atlantic region through the analysis of the Brasília magazine throughout the years that encompassed the “Spirit Policy” (1942-1949). This intention was put into practice through a double movement. Firstly, we analyze the conditions under which Brasília was created, so we can understand the relationship between this magazine and the intellectual and political fields in this period of time (chapter I). As a result, we also explore the discourses contained within Brasília as a space of visibility of the pan-lusitanist policy. We also investigate within its various sections (The life of the Brazilian Studies Institute, Critics, Articles, Documents, Chronicles, Notes, Anthologies) the relationship between these discourses and the values and myths concerning Salazarism. Secondly, we analyze these relations through productions which are mainly about the “Atlantic Policy” (chapter II). Thirdly, we investigate historiographic texts which implicitly discuss this matter (chapter III). The examination of these diverse discourses and the lusitanization project of the South Atlantic allow us to notice the intimate relationship between Brazilian and Portuguese academics in their defense of this corporative and authoritarian project, and, fundamentally, in the protection of the Portuguese colonialism in Africa. / Nosso objetivo principal nessa dissertação é analisar o projeto de lusitanização do “Atlântico Sul” por meio do estudo da Revista Brasília nos anos da “Política do Espírito” (1942-1949). Tal intento foi realizado a partir de um duplo movimento. Inicialmente analisamos as condições de emergência da revista Brasília, para assim compreendermos as relações entre esta produção e o campo intelectual e político do período (capítulo I). Por conseguinte, exploramos os discursos da Brasília como espaço de visibilidade da política pan-lusitanista. Também perscrutamos por meio de suas diversas seções (A vida do Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros, Críticas, Artigos, Documentos, Crônicas, Notas, Antologias) os nexos entre esses discursos e os valores e mitos do salazarismo. Analisamos estas relações tanto por meio de produções que detém a questão da “Política do Atlântico” como tema principal (capítulo II) como em textos historiográficos que a discutem implicitamente (capítulo III). O exame destes diversos discursos e do projeto de lusitanização do Atlântico Sul permite a constatação da íntima relação entre intelectuais brasileiros e portugueses na sua defesa ao projeto corporativo e autoritário e, fundamentalmente, na proteção do colonialismo português na África.

The purpose of this paper is to analyze and question the government survey 1956:43 Zigenarfrågan based on the theory of internal colonialism. An important question for the study is to elucidate and gain an understanding of the factors that led to Roma inclusion in the compulsory school. This survey of the goverment investigation is necessary because the state management of the Roma had to start the investigation, that led to a number of difficulties for the community. The investigation put also a lot of demands on the roma society. The state wanted at all means to influence and change the group's way of life. Roma situation was now more and more conspicuously set to influence the Swedish society as a whole. State expressed concern about an increase in crime among the group, this led to the investigation begin. The essay will mainly concern the school issue in the investigation of Zigenarfrågan. There will also be a comparison made between investigation Zigenarfrågan and another government study conducted in 1957-1960. This study was designed to investigate the Sami school situation and was named Samernas skolgång 1960:410. The study will show how the state, hoping to assimilate the Roma in Swedish society, colonized roma minority by undermining the group's cultural characteristics in favor of the majority culture. The question I am hoping to answer in this study by analysing the governments survey Zigenarfrågan, is: How does the investigation Zigenarfrågan discribe the situation of Roma in Sweden, focusing on the school question? What problems are produced? What reasons are presented? What solutions are proposed? Is it possible to demonstrate a difference in treatment of roma in the comparison between investigations Zigenarfrågan and Samernas skolgång?

A observação dos procedimentos formais empregados por António Lobo Antunes em O esplendor de Portugal (1997) levou-nos a constatar a existência, no livro, de uma visão crítica muito peculiar e complexa a respeito da História do colonialismo português e do contexto pós--colonial em que Angola e Portugal inserem-se. Dessa forma, o objetivo de nossa dissertação de mestrado é elucidar a dinâmica social representada nO esplendor de Portugal e a condução que o desígnio autoral dá a essa representação. Nesse sentido, procuramos identificar as inter- -relações entre os elementos formais estruturadores da obra e aqueles que regem as dinâmicas sociais que nela figuram. Para alcançarmos tal objetivo, direcionamos nossos estudos a leituras de teoria e crítica literária pautados nas noções de redução estrutural e de interpretação dialética, que Antonio Candido propõe. Paralelamente, procedemos ao delineamento e à análise dos contextos históricos que envolvem o enredo do romance em questão, com ênfase à observação das dinâmicas dialéticas que se deram entre o desenvolvimento do capitalismo das grandes potências mundiais e o atraso econômico de Portugal, bem como ao modo como essas dinâmicas intervieram na constituição e na manutenção das formas sociais de base do colonialismo português na África. Depois desse embasamento teórico, efetuamos a análise literária de O esplendor de Portugal e constatamos que, nessa obra, a visão crítica sobre o colonialismo português em suas imbricações com as conjunturas políticas e econômicas mundiais assenta-se no cruzamento, dentro do romance, de diversas temporalidades, que se situam entre o fim do século XIX e o ano de 1995. É a partir do cruzamento dessas temporalidades que o desígnio autoral faz sobressaírem questões como os modos de exploração da força de trabalho angolana, a atuação do grande capital estrangeiro em Angola, o travamento das expectativas de expansão econômica dos colonos proprietários, subordinados que estavam ao Estado português e ao poderio do grande capital, a corresponsabilidade desses colonos na instituição e na generalização da violência que permeou as relações sociais na colônia e a influência que os interesses estrangeiros também tiveram na exploração de Angola, nos rumos da guerra colonial e na intensificação e ampliação dos conflitos existentes entre os movimentos nacionalistas angolanos. A principal conclusão a que chegamos, portanto, é a de que o pilar sobre o qual se assenta a construção de O esplendor de Portugal é a composição, subjacente à complexa rede narrativa do romance, de uma rede não menos complexa de relações causais entre as temporalidades abrangidas no livro, na qual se destacam as linhas de ruptura e de continuidade históricas que sustentam essa rede e que constroem a representação do presente catastrófico em que se situam os narradores. / The observation of formal procedures employed by António Lobo Antunes in O esplendor de Portugal (1997) took us to recognize the existence, in the book, a very peculiar and complex critical view about the History of portuguese colonialism and the post-colonial context in that Angola and Portugal are inserted. In this way, the purpose of our dissertation is to show the social dynamics represented in O esplendor de Portugal and the driving the authorial plan gives to this representation. Therefore, we look for to identify the relationships between the formal elements structures of the work and those that react the social dynamics that are listed. To achieve this purpose, we direct our studies to readings of literary theory and criticism based on the concepts of structural reduction and dialectical interpretation that Antonio Candido proposes. At the same time, we proceed to delineation and to analysis of the historical context to involve the plot of the novel in question, with emphasis to observation of dialectical dynamics that happened between the development of capitalism of the major world powers and the economic backwardness of Portugal, as well to how these dynamics intervened in the constitution and in the maintenance of basic social forms of portuguese colonialism in Africa. After this theoretical base, we did the literary analysis of O esplendor de Portugal and we found that, in this work, the critical view on portuguese colonialism in their impact, appear with the political and economic situations in the world are cross, into the novel, of different temporalities, which fall between the end of the 19TH century and the year of 1995. Is from crossing these temporalities that authorial intent does to protrude issues like operating modes of the angolan workforce, the performance of large foreign capital in Angola, the expectations of economic expansion of the colonists owners, subordinates who were the Portuguese State and the power of big capital, the co-responsibility of these settlers in the institution and in the widespread violence that pervaded the social relations in the colony and the influence that foreign interests also had on Angola exploration, in the direction of the colonial war and on intensification and expansion of the existing conflicts between the Angolan nationalist movements. The main conclusion that we reached, therefore, is that the pillar on which sits the creation of O esplendor de Portugal is the composition, underlying the complex net of romance narrative, not less complex of causal relationships between the temporalities covered in the book, in which the lines of rupture and historical continuity that underpin this network and that build the representation of the catastrophic present in which are situated the narrators.

No description available.

What role, if any, did colonialism play in the history of Europe? To answer this question, scholars have increasingly turned to European border regions. These regions, whose ownership was disputed and often unstable, are excellent case studies for patterns of quasi-colonial rule within the confines of Europe. Historians of Austria-Hungary, especially, have argued that colonialism was by no means limited to overseas territories, but pertained also to the European continent. The occupied territories of Bosnia-Herzegovina, a border region on the fringes of the collapsing Ottoman empire, is one example. This article applies the criteria of postcolonial scholars to another European border region: Alsace-Lorraine. In its constitutional, administrative, economic and cultural status, this Franco-German borderland exhibits many characteristics of quasi-colonial rule that also applied in Bosnia-Herzegovina. But there are also important differences. In extending the question of inner-European colonialism from Bosnia-Herzegovina to Alsace-Lorraine, this article reflects on the applicability of a post-colonial perspective onto European border regions more generally. Such a perspective, it will be shown, has its merits as well as its risks. The emerging differences between quasi-colonial border regions like Bosnia-Herzegovina and Alsace-Lorraine, and overseas territories, are a testimony to the complexity and dynamism of colonialism. It is important not to preclude European border regions from postcolonial discourse on account of their geography alone.