La voie de la polarité planaire cellulaire (PCP), aussi connue sous le nom de la voie non-canonique du Frizzled/Dishevelled, contrôle le processus morphogénétique de l'extension convergente (CE) qui est essentiel pour la gastrulation et la formation du tube neural pendant l'embryogenèse. La signalisation du PCP a été récemment associée avec des anomalies du tube neural (ATN) dans des modèles animaux et chez l'humain. Prickle1 est une protéine centrale de la voie PCP, exprimée dans la ligne primitive et le mésoderme pendant l'embryogenèse de la souris. La perte ou le gain de fonction de Prickle1 mène à des mouvements de CE fautifs chez le poisson zèbre et la grenouille. PRICKLE1 interagit directement avec deux autres membres de la voie PCP, Dishevelled et Strabismus/Vang. Dans notre étude, nous avons investigué le rôle de PRICKLE1 dans l'étiologie des ATN dans une cohorte de 810 patients par le re-séquençage de son cadre de lecture et des jonctions exon-intron. Le potentiel pathogénique des mutations ainsi identifiées a été évalué par des méthodes bioinformatiques, suivi par une validation fonctionnelle in vivo dans un système poisson zèbre. Nous avons identifié dans notre cohorte un total de 9 nouvelles mutations dont sept: p.Ile69Thr, p.Asn81His, p.Thr275Met, p.Arg682Cys et p.Ser739Phe, p.Val550Met et p.Asp771Asn qui affectent des acides aminés conservés. Ces mutations ont été prédites in silico d’affecter la fonction de la protéine et sont absentes dans une large cohorte de contrôles de même origine ethnique. La co-injection de ces variantes avec le gène prickle1a de type sauvage chez l’embryon de poisson zèbre a démontré qu’une mutation, p.Arg682Cys, modifie dans un sens négatif le phénotype du défaut de la CE produit par pk1 de type sauvage. Notre étude démontre que PK1 peut agir comme facteur prédisposant pour les ATN chez l’humain et élargit encore plus nos connaissances sur le rôle des gènes de la PCP dans la pathogenèse de ces malformations. / The planar cell polarity pathway (PCP) or the non-canonical Frizzled/Dishevelled pathway controls the morphogenetic process of convergent extension (CE) that is essential during embryogenesis for gastrulation and neural tube formation. Recently, PCP signalling was associated with neural tube defects (NTD) in humans and animal models. The core PCP protein, Prickle1, is expressed in the primitive streak and mesoderm during mouse embryogenesis. Both gain and loss of function of Prickle1 cause faulty CE movements in zebrafish and the frog. PRICKLE1 physically interacts with two other core PCP members, Dishevelled and Strabismus/Vang. In the present study we investigated the role of PRICKLE1 in the aetiology of NTDs in a large cohort of 810 patients through resequencing of its open reading frame and exon-intron junctions. The pathogenicity of the identified mutations was assessed through bioinformatics methods followed by a functional validation in a zebrafish system, in vivo. We identified in our cohort a total of nine novel mutations, of which seven affected conserved amino acids: p.Ile69Thr, p.Asn81His, p.Thr275Met, p.Arg682Cys, p.Ser739Phe, p.Val550Met and p.Asp771As. These mutations were predicted to affect the function of the protein in silico and were absent in a large cohort of ethnically-matched controls. Co-injection of these variants with the wild type pk1 in zebrafish oocytes revealed that one mutation, p.Arg682Cys, antagonized the CE phenotype induced by the wild-type zebrafish prickle1a in a dominant fashion. Our study demonstrates that PRICKLE1 can represent a predisposing factor for human NTDs and further expands our knowledge on the role that PCP genes in the pathogenesis of these malformations.

Bakgrund och problemdiskussion: Intresset för kreativitets- och innovationsforskning har ökat starkt i modern tid, särskilt under 2000-talet och framåt. Kreativitet och innovation kan beskrivas utifrån flera olika perspektiv och definitioner beroende på kontext och fenomen som undersöks. Samtidigt växer betydelsen av projektstyrning vilket anses bero på den komplexa affärsmiljön och den höga konkurrens som råder. Rätt projektstyrning anses viktigt för lyckade projekt. Det finns en potentiell konflikt mellan styrning och kreativitet, som därför kräver en balansgång för att uppnå önskat resultat. Syfte: Genom att studera hur projektprocesser sker i projekt och hur styrning och styrsystem balanseras med de kreativa processerna kommer vi att bidra till en ökad förståelse för vilken typ av styrning som är mest utmärkande i varje projektprocess och hur det samverkar med kreativitet. Syftet blir därmed att identifiera och jämföra det undersökta företagets anpassning av styrsystem gentemot kreativitetsprocesser med existerande teori inom kreativitetsforskning. På så sätt föreslår vi en modell för hur projekt kan styras beroende på både situationsbehov och typ av kreativt tänkande, uppdelad på de olika projektfaserna. Metod: En fallstudie har gjorts på IST, ett utvecklande IT-företag. Studien har ett kvalitativt förhållningssätt, där semistrukturerade intervjuer av projektledare har använts för att samla in det empiriska materialet. Slutsats: Olika förhållningssätt till kreativitet i olika situationer behövs för att lyckas med projektstyrning. Projektstyrning kan resultera i ökad inre motivation för medarbetarna om styrsystemen är utformade på rätt sätt. Att förstå när olika typer av tänkande krävs inom olika projektprocesser är då nödvändigt. I de olika projektprocesserna krävs fokus på olika former av styrning, i stängda problem. Alla fyra typer av styrsystem var aktiva under de olika projektprocesserna. Alla styrsystem fanns inte vara lika relevanta under varje process, under initiering används exempelvis boundary och interactive mer medan boundary och diagnostic används mer under planeringsstadiet. / Background and problem discussion: The interest for research in creativity- and innovation has strongly increased in the modern time, especially during the 21th century. Creativity and innovation can be described from several different perspectives and definitions depending on the context and phenomenon being studied. At the same time, the importance of project management is increasing which is considered to depend on the complex business environment and the high competitiveness. Proper project management is considered to be of large importance for successful projects. There is a potential conflict between control and creativity, and a balance between the two is thus required to achieve the desired result. Purpose: By studying how project processes occurs in projects and and how control and control systems are balanced with the creative processes, we will contribute to increase the understanding what type of control that is characteristic in each project process and how it interacts with creativity. The purpose is therefore to identify and compare the studied company’s adaptation of control system in relation to creativity processes with existing theory in creativity research. In this manner we propose a model for how projects can be controlled depending on situation and type of creative thinking, depending on the different project processes. Method: A case study has been conducted at IST, a developing IT-company. The study has a qualitative approach, where semi-structured interviews of project managers have been used to gather the empirical material. Conclusion: Different approaches to creativity in different situations are required in order to be successful in project management. Project management can result in increased intrinsic motivation for employees if the control systems are designed in the right way. Understanding when different types of creativity is needed in the different project processes is essential. The different project processes requires different types of control, in closed problems. All four types of control system were active during the different project processes. Although all four control systems aren’t considered to be equally active during respective process, boundary and interactive are for example more active during initiation, while boundary and diagnostic were more active during planning.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-10-07Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:53:59Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 gualberto_af_me_jabo.pdf: 464930 bytes, checksum: 799ea2a9f048c84fac80100f93c28e4f (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O veado-mateiro (Mazama americana) é a maior espécie do Gênero Mazama, e encontra distribuído geograficamente por quase toda a região neotropical. Animais originários do Estado de Rondônia têm apresentado importantes diferenças citogenéticas em relação ao padrão de outras populações, o que suscita necessidade de estudos mais aprofundados para definição da sua posição filogenética. O presente estudo objetivou identificar as diferentes populações de veado-mateiro desta região, verificando a existência de mais de uma espécie no local. Para tanto, foram obtidos 51 fragmentos de tecido de animais caçados por indígenas e pela população local em todas as regiões do Estado dos quais 33 tiveram seu DNA extraídos, amplificados (região de 480pb do citocromo b) e seqüenciados de forma satisfatória. Estas seqüências foram alinhadas e comparadas, gerando 21 haplótipos que se encontram distribuídos de forma aleatória pelas diversas regiões de coleta. Estes haplótipos serviram de base para a elaboração de redes de distância e árvores filogenéticas que quando analisadas sugeriram a existência de espécies crípticas dentro do que hoje se denomina Mazama americana no Estado de Rondônia. / The red brocket deer is the largest species of Mazama genus and it is distributed in almost all Neotropical regions. Individuals originated from Rondônia state in Brazil have been presented important cytogenetic differences when compared with populations of other regions of country; however more studies are necessary to define correct phylogenetic position of species. The objective of present study was performed the identification of different populations of red brocket deer from Rondônia state by verification of occurrence of more than one species on mentioned region. For this, 51 fragments of tissues from hunted animals were obtained with Indians and local people of all regions of Rondônia state. In 31 fragments of tissues the DNA was successful extract, amplified (480 bp region of cytochrome b) and sequenced. These sequences were aligned and compared creating 21 haplotypes, which are distributed in a randomly way thru the different regions of sampling. The haplotypes were used to elaborate distance nets and phylogenetic trees, which when analyzed suggested the existence of cryptic species on Mazama americana species that occurs in Rondônia state.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-05-27Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:33:20Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 carnelossi_eag_me_jabo.pdf: 5963862 bytes, checksum: c9072ade5521cd6b029cd77e62872e7a (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O veado-mateiro (Mazama americana) possui uma ampla distribuição geográfica na região neotropical. Estudos citogenéticos com a espécie revelam variações cromossômicas (citótipos) que apontam sua divisão em outras espécies. Neste trabalho, foram examinadas as relações filogenéticas desta espécie, analisando parte dos genes mitocondriais (citocromo-b e região controladora D-loop), dos genes nucleares (Beta e Kapa caseínas e do exon I do gene IRBP) e um fragmento do gene, presente no cromossomo Y, chamado SRY, para amostras de 19 indivíduos provenientes de diferentes regiões do Brasil. Os genes nucleares da kapa e beta caseína e do SRY, mostraram-se monomórficos, não sendo possível a obtenção de sequências para o gene IRBP. As inferências filogenéticas pelos genes mitocondriais revelam duas linhagens evolutivas, a dos indivíduos das populações da Bacia do Rio Paraná e a dos indivíduos do oeste da Bacia do Rio Amazonas. Também houve uma correlação entre os diferentes cariótipos e as distintas linhagens moleculares encontradas. Além disso, pode-se sugerir a ocorrência de convergência evolutiva entre estes grupos, bem como um possível caso de simpatria ou de retenção de polimorfismo ancestral nos indivíduos do leste da Amazônia. / The red brocket deer (Mazama americana) has a wide distribution in Neotropics. In this regard, cytogenetic studies in this species revealed chromosomic variations (cytotypes) which strongly suggest that red brockets can be divided into other species. In the present study, we examined phylogenetic relationships of 19 samples of individuals from different areas of Brazil through mitochondrial (cytochrome b and control region D-loop), nuclear (b-casein, k-casein, and first exon of the IRBP) and SRY gene analysis. The sequence analysis showed that b- and k-caseins as well as SRY nuclear genes were monomorphic, whereas IBRP gene sequencing was not possible. Phylogenetic inferences concerning mitochondrial gene analysis demonstrated two evolutionary lineages, one from Parana River Basin (southeast Brazil) and other from west of Amazon River Basin (northwest Brazil). Moreover, we found correlation between different karyotypes and distinct molecular lineages.

Resumo: O veado-mateiro (Mazama americana) possui uma ampla distribuição geográfica na região neotropical. Estudos citogenéticos com a espécie revelam variações cromossômicas (citótipos) que apontam sua divisão em outras espécies. Neste trabalho, foram examinadas as relações filogenéticas desta espécie, analisando parte dos genes mitocondriais (citocromo-b e região controladora D-loop), dos genes nucleares (Beta e Kapa caseínas e do exon I do gene IRBP) e um fragmento do gene, presente no cromossomo Y, chamado SRY, para amostras de 19 indivíduos provenientes de diferentes regiões do Brasil. Os genes nucleares da kapa e beta caseína e do SRY, mostraram-se monomórficos, não sendo possível a obtenção de sequências para o gene IRBP. As inferências filogenéticas pelos genes mitocondriais revelam duas linhagens evolutivas, a dos indivíduos das populações da Bacia do Rio Paraná e a dos indivíduos do oeste da Bacia do Rio Amazonas. Também houve uma correlação entre os diferentes cariótipos e as distintas linhagens moleculares encontradas. Além disso, pode-se sugerir a ocorrência de convergência evolutiva entre estes grupos, bem como um possível caso de simpatria ou de retenção de polimorfismo ancestral nos indivíduos do leste da Amazônia. / Abstract: The red brocket deer (Mazama americana) has a wide distribution in Neotropics. In this regard, cytogenetic studies in this species revealed chromosomic variations (cytotypes) which strongly suggest that red brockets can be divided into other species. In the present study, we examined phylogenetic relationships of 19 samples of individuals from different areas of Brazil through mitochondrial (cytochrome b and control region D-loop), nuclear (b-casein, k-casein, and first exon of the IRBP) and SRY gene analysis. The sequence analysis showed that b- and k-caseins as well as SRY nuclear genes were monomorphic, whereas IBRP gene sequencing was not possible. Phylogenetic inferences concerning mitochondrial gene analysis demonstrated two evolutionary lineages, one from Parana River Basin (southeast Brazil) and other from west of Amazon River Basin (northwest Brazil). Moreover, we found correlation between different karyotypes and distinct molecular lineages. / Orientador: José Maurício Barbanti Duarte / Coorientadora: Susana González / Banca: Reinaldo Otávio Alvarenga Alves de Brito / Banca: Cláudia Márcia Aparecida Carareto / Mestre

Orientador: José Maurício Barbanti Duarte / Banca: Irlan Leite de Abreu / Banca: Fernando Pacheco Rodrigues / Resumo: O veado-mateiro (Mazama americana) é a maior espécie do Gênero Mazama, e encontra distribuído geograficamente por quase toda a região neotropical. Animais originários do Estado de Rondônia têm apresentado importantes diferenças citogenéticas em relação ao padrão de outras populações, o que suscita necessidade de estudos mais aprofundados para definição da sua posição filogenética. O presente estudo objetivou identificar as diferentes populações de veado-mateiro desta região, verificando a existência de mais de uma espécie no local. Para tanto, foram obtidos 51 fragmentos de tecido de animais caçados por indígenas e pela população local em todas as regiões do Estado dos quais 33 tiveram seu DNA extraídos, amplificados (região de 480pb do citocromo b) e seqüenciados de forma satisfatória. Estas seqüências foram alinhadas e comparadas, gerando 21 haplótipos que se encontram distribuídos de forma aleatória pelas diversas regiões de coleta. Estes haplótipos serviram de base para a elaboração de redes de distância e árvores filogenéticas que quando analisadas sugeriram a existência de espécies crípticas dentro do que hoje se denomina Mazama americana no Estado de Rondônia. / Abstract: The red brocket deer is the largest species of Mazama genus and it is distributed in almost all Neotropical regions. Individuals originated from Rondônia state in Brazil have been presented important cytogenetic differences when compared with populations of other regions of country; however more studies are necessary to define correct phylogenetic position of species. The objective of present study was performed the identification of different populations of red brocket deer from Rondônia state by verification of occurrence of more than one species on mentioned region. For this, 51 fragments of tissues from hunted animals were obtained with Indians and local people of all regions of Rondônia state. In 31 fragments of tissues the DNA was successful extract, amplified (480 bp region of cytochrome b) and sequenced. These sequences were aligned and compared creating 21 haplotypes, which are distributed in a randomly way thru the different regions of sampling. The haplotypes were used to elaborate distance nets and phylogenetic trees, which when analyzed suggested the existence of cryptic species on Mazama americana species that occurs in Rondônia state. / Mestre

Quantum optimal control theory is applied to find optimal pulses for controlling the motion of an ion and a molecule for two different applications. Those optimal pulses enable the control of the dynamics of the system by driving the atom or the molecule from an initial state to desired states.The evolution equations obtained by means of the quantum optimal control theory are resolved iteratively using a monotonic convergent algorithm. A number of simulation parameters are varied in order to get the optimal pulses including the duration of the pulses, the time step of the time grid, a penalty factor that limits the maximal intensity of the fields, and a guess pulse which is used to start the optimal control.The optimal pulses obtained for each application are analyzed by Fourier transform, and also by looking at the time evolution of the populations that they generate in the system.The first application is the preparation of specific vibrational states of acetylene that are usually not reachable from the ground state, and that would remain unpopulated by usual spectroscopy. Relevant state energies and transition dipole moments are extracted from the experimental literature and especially from the global acetylene Hamiltonian conferring an uncommon precision to the control simulation. The control starts from the ground state. The target states belongs to the polyad Ns=1, Nr=5 of acetylene which includes two vibrational dark states and one vibrational bright state. First, the simulation is performed with the Schrödinger equation and in a second step, with the Liouville--von Neumann equation, as mixed states are prepared. Indeed, the control starts from a Boltzmann distribution of population in the rotational levels of the vibrational ground state chosen in order to simulate an experimental condition. But the distribution is truncated to limit the computational effort. One of the dark states appears to be a potential target for a realistic experimental investigation because the average population of the Rabi oscillation remains high and decoherence is expected to be weak. The optimal pulses obtained have a high fidelity, have a spectrum with well-resolved peak frequencies, and their experimental feasibility seems achievable within the current abilities of experimental laboratories.The second application is to propose an experimental realization of a microscopic physical device able to simulate quantum dynamics. The idea is to use the motional states of a Cd^+ ion trapped in an anharmonic potential to realize a quantum dynamics simulator of a single-particle Schrödinger equation. In this way, the motional states store the information and the optimal pulse manipulates this information to realize operations. In the present case, the simulated dynamics was the propagation of a wave packet in a harmonic potential. Starting from an initial quantum state, the pulse acts on the system to modify the motional states of the ion in such a way that the final superposition of motional states corresponds to the results of the dynamics. This simulation is performed with the Liouville--von Neumann equation and also with the Lindblad equation as dissipation is included to test the robustness of the pulse against perturbations of the potential. The optimal pulses that are obtained have a high fidelity which shows that the ion trap system has correctly realized the quantum dynamics simulation. The optimal pulses are valid for any initial condition if the potential of the simulation or the mass of the propagated wave packet is unchanged. / La théorie du contrôle optimal quantique est utilisée pour trouver des impulsions optimales permettant de contrôler la dynamique d'un atome et d'une molécule les menant d'un état initial à un état final. Les équations d'évolution obtenues grâce au contrôle optimal limitent l'intensité maximale de l'impulsion et sont résolues itérativement grâce à l'algorithme de Zhu--Rabitz. Le contrôle optimal est utilisé pour réaliser deux objectifs. Le premier est la préparation d'états vibrationnels de l'acétylène qui sont généralement inaccessibles par transition au départ de l'état vibrationnel fondamental. Ces états, appelés états sombres, sont les états cibles de la simulation. Ils appartiennent à la polyade Ns=1, Nr=5 de l'acétylène qui en contient deux ainsi qu'un état, dit brillant, qui lui est accessible depuis l'état fondamental. Les énergies des états du système et les moments de transitions dipolaires sont déterminés à partir d'un Hamiltonien très précis qui confère une précision inhabituelle à la simulation. Un des états sombres apparaît être un candidat potentiel pour une réalisation expérimentale car la population moyenne de cet état reste élevée après l'application de l'impulsion.Les niveaux rotationnels des états vibrationnels sont également pris en compte.Les impulsions optimales obtenues ont une fidélité élevée et leur spectre en fréquence présente des pics résolus.Le deuxième objectif est de proposer la réalisation expérimentale d'un dispositif microscopique capable de simuler une dynamique quantique. Ce travail montre qu'on peut utiliser les états de mouvement d'un ion de Cd^+ piégé dans un potentiel anharmonique pour réaliser la propagation d'un paquet d'onde dans un potentiel harmonique. Ce dispositif stocke l'information de la dynamique simulée grâce aux états de mouvements et l'impulsion optimale manipule l'information pour réaliser les propagations. En effet, démarrant d'un état quantique initial, l'impulsion agit sur le système en modifiant les états de mouvements de l'ion de telle sorte que la superposition finale des états de mouvements corresponde aux résultats de la dynamique. De la dissipation est incluse pour tester la robustesse de l'impulsion face à des perturbations du potentiel anharmonique. Les impulsions optimales obtenues ont une fidélité élevée ce qui montre que le système a correctement réalisé la simulation de dynamique quantique. / Doctorat en Sciences / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

En augmentant la distribution des ressources dans l'espace, la fragmentation du paysage contraint le mouvement des organismes. Deux types de stratégies adaptatives antagonistes ont été mises en évidence en réponse à cette pression : une diminution ou une augmentation de la propension et de la capacité des organismes à se déplacer. La majorité de la littérature traite de la diminution des mouvements en réponse à la fragmentation du paysage. En étudiant un organisme contraint de traverser la matrice pour achever son cycle de vie (i.e. Bufo bufo), je me suis intéressée à la stratégie d'augmentation et d'optimisation des mouvements en réponse à la fragmentation. Peu d'études permettent de conclure sur l'existence de plasticité phénotypique, d'effets maternels ou d'évolution des traits liés au mouvement en réponse à la fragmentation. J'ai ainsi inclus dans ma démarche expérimentale des élevages en conditions standardisées afin d'étudier l'évolution des caractéristiques du mouvement en réponse à la fragmentation. Plus précisément, j'ai étudié l'évolution des capacités de navigation en m'intéressant à la vitesse dévolution, à la base magnétique et à l'influence de l'orientation vectorielle sur la dispersion. Je me suis également intéressée à l'évolution du comportement exploratoire en réponse à la fragmentation / Landscape fragmentation increases resource distribution and constrains animal movements. Two kinds of adaptive strategy have been revealed in response to this selective pressure: an increase or a decrease of animal capacity and propensity to move. I studied the resistance strategy (i.e. increase of movements) which is poorly documented in the literature. To do so I focused on an organism facing the need to cross the matrix to achieve its life cycle (Bufo bufo). Only a few studies enable to disentangle phenotypic plasticity, maternal effect and evolution of movement characteristics. I used common garden rearing and cross-breeding experiments in order to focus on the evolutionary dimension of movement characteristics changes induced by landscape fragmentation. More precisely, I studied the evolution of navigation capacities by focusing on vector orientation, its evolutionary rate, its genetic basis, its magnetic basis and its influence on dispersal. I also studied the evolution of the exploratory behaviour in response to landscape fragmentation and searched for convergent evolution of this behaviour

Convergent evolution is a central theme in biology. Birds are an ideal system to examine the mechanisms underlying convergent evolution. Although bird patterning is diverse, within-feather patterns have repeatedly converged on the same four types: mottled patterns, scales, bars and spots. Other avian patterns occur, e.g. stripes, but are rare. In my thesis I examine the four main mechanisms underlying convergent evolution in plumage patterns: evolutionary genetics, evolutionary development, natural selection for signaling and camouflage. Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) is a model system in developmental biology. Examining the developmental basis of pattern formation using molecular techniques, the dorsal patterning of embryonic quail is likely due to activation of the melanocortin-1 receptor, which is a highly conserved pathway in vertebrates. I examined whether a reaction-diffusion based theoretical model of pattern formation may predict developmental constraint in two groups that have different lifestyles and spectacular patterns: waterfowl (Anseriformes) and gamebirds (Galliformes). Tracing the evolutionary trajectory of pattern evolution with Bayesian comparative modeling there was evidence for developmental constraint in pattern evolution. Adaptive explanations may also result in convergence. Cuckoo-hawk mimicry has been demonstrated in the common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus) and the Eurasian sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus), but may be prevalent in Old World cuckoos. Randomly selecting a parasitic cuckoo from each genera of Old World cuckoos and <8 sympatric raptors, I quantified their barred patterns using digital image analysis and found that parasitism can explain convergent evolution in the patterns of parasitic cuckoos and raptors. Patterns may have evolved due to ecological selection. Examining the patterns of 80% of all avian species worldwide, I found that habitat does not predict patterning, and that all four patterns are found in all habitats. These results demonstrate that the mechanisms of convergent evolution are diverse, and that development and natural selection have contributed to pattern evolution.

The theme of the thesis is an analysis of current mobile operator selected services. This work focuses on the present and the future development of mobile internet connection. The aim is to analyze existing services at Telefónica Czech Republic and The work is divided into several parts. The first part focuses on the selection of a particular operator. I described at al. Czech Republic and Telefónica, which is the first integrated operator in the Czech Republic. The company currently operates more than seven million mobile numbers and fixed lines, making it one of the leading providers of fully converged services in Europe. I focused on the organizational structure of the company and its description. The second part is historical, describes the history of mobile networks in the CR, the history of mobile communications in the data and the development of mobile connections in the country. The third part is theoretical, describes al. Czech Republic Telefonica SpA in terms of services it offers in this section is also described ISO certification, EMS policy and business principles. Are described voice and mobile services, mobile data services and connectivity technologies and different types of technologies (GSM, GPRS, EDGE, UMTS, HSDPA, HSPA + and LTE). Another section includes the development of mobile connections in the CR, the current situation where Telefónica provides 3G connection for almost 71% of the population and the current state of commercial LTE network. I tried to describe the current mobile platforms, and even telecommunications market in the Czech Republic. The penultimate section specifies the geographic traffic distribution network operator and the last part, I dealt with the analysis and comparison services. The total contribution of the thesis see the approach and evaluation of existing services together. Telefónica Czech Republic, as, which is one of the largest telecommunications companies in the world.