Submitted by Fabiano Vassallo (fabianovassallo2127@gmail.com) on 2017-04-18T18:06:30Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação de Mestrado - Flávia Matias Silva.pdf: 9360291 bytes, checksum: 80c33ad7291dd1bea33366730dfb4bbc (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Josimara Dias Brumatti (bcgdigital@ndc.uff.br) on 2017-04-25T14:31:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação de Mestrado - Flávia Matias Silva.pdf: 9360291 bytes, checksum: 80c33ad7291dd1bea33366730dfb4bbc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-25T14:31:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação de Mestrado - Flávia Matias Silva.pdf: 9360291 bytes, checksum: 80c33ad7291dd1bea33366730dfb4bbc (MD5) / O objetivo do presente estudo consiste em investigar o papel do conhecimento local (KUMARAVADIVELU, 2006) em um processo de implementação das atividades de leitura das quatro primeiras unidades do livro Alive high: inglês, 3° ano: Ensino Médio. Trata-se de pesquisa de natureza qualitativa que apresenta dois modelos distintos de análise metodológica, a saber, o participante (GABARRÓN; LANDA, 2006) e o documental (LÜDKE & ANDRÉ, 2014). Em outras palavras, ela é de cunho participante na medida em que o pesquisador que a desenvolve exerce também o papel de partícipe nas práticas sociais da comunidade escolar analisada. Já a utilização do modelo documental deve-se ao fato de o livro didático também servir de objeto de estudo e de base para a implementação de práticas pedagógicas sociodiscursivas e críticas nas turmas pesquisadas. Cabe também salientar que a análise do processo de ensino-aprendizagem de leitura em língua inglesa foi desenvolvida em duas turmas do 3° ano do Ensino Médio – Regular de uma escola estadual localizada no município de São Gonçalo - RJ. Esta análise esteve embasada em pressupostos teóricos de viés crítico, tais como a leitura crítica (BRASIL, 2006; HUSSEIN, 2008; WALLACE, 2003), o letramento crítico (DEVOOGD & MCLAUGHLIN, 2004; DUBOC. 2014, JORDÃO, 2013, 2014a, 2015; LANKSHEAR & McLAREN, 1993; TÍLIO, 2012, 2015) e o ensino de inglês como língua adicional (SCHLATTER; GARCEZ, 2012, JORDÃO, 2014b). O presente estudo também utilizou em sua fundamentação os principais modelos de leitura, objetivando, assim, ilustrar as diferentes vertentes para o seu ensino. Além disso, foram explanadas as propostas para o ensino de leitura em LE dos principais documentos organizadores e norteadores da educação brasileira até o momento, a saber, PCN e OCEM. Deve-se ressaltar que além de fundamentar as propostas e objetivos desta pesquisa, os pressupostos teóricos apresentados visaram nortear as práticas pedagógicas desenvolvidas em sala de aula. No que tange aos resultados da análise, eles mostraram que alguns dos textos e atividades de leitura analisadas podem fomentar práticas sociodiscursivas e crítico-reflexivas e, por conseguinte, viabilizar a formação de leitores/cidadãos críticos; contudo, para que o desenvolvimento dessas práticas ocorra de maneira significativa, ou seja, para que elas não sirvam meramente como uma breve introdução ao letramento crítico, o professor precisa estar ciente da importância do papel do conhecimento local e do seu próprio papel de mediador do desenvolvimento mais aprofundado e/ou adaptação dessas atividades pedagógicas / The purpose of this study is to examine the role of local knowledge (KUMARAVADIVELU, 2006) during the implementation of reading activities presented by the first four units of the book Alive high: Inglês, 3° ano: high school. This qualitative research combines two distinct models of methodological analysis: the participatory (GABARRÓN; LANDA, 2006) and the documentary models (LÜDKE & ANDRÉ, 2014). In other words, it presents a participatory model, since the researcher who develops it is also a participant in the social practices of the school community analyzed. Due to the documentary nature of the research, the analyzed textbook also becomes an object of study as well as the basis for the implementation of social, discursive and critical practices in the surveyed groups. It is important to point out that the analysis of the teaching and learning process of reading was developed in two classes of the 3rd year of a public High School located in São Gonçalo - RJ. Moreover, this analysis was grounded in some critical theoretical approaches, such as critical reading (BRASIL, 2006; HUSSEIN, 2008; WALLACE, 2003), critical literacy (DeVOOGD & MCLAUGHLIN, 2004; DUBOC 2014, JORDÃO, 2013, 2014a, 2015; LANKSHEAR & McLAREN, 1993; TÍLIO, 2012, 2015) and teaching of English as an additional language (SCHLATTER; GARCEZ, 2012, JORDÃO, 2014b). Besides its critical theoretical assumptions, this study presented the main reading models in its scope in order to illustrate the various aspects regarding their teaching. Furthermore, the proposals of the main guidelines for the teaching of EFL reading in the Brazilian education so far, namely PCN and OCEM were discussed. The theoretical assumptions presented in this study not only aimed to support the proposals and objectives of the research, but they also shaped the pedagogical practices developed in the classroom. In relation to the results, they showed that some of the texts and reading activities analyzed foster social, discursive, critical and reflexive practices and, therefore, enable the development of critical readers and citizens. Nonetheless, to accomplish this goal, the teacher needs to be aware of the importance of local knowledge and their role as mediators in the development and/or adaptation of these educational activities; otherwise, they might become a mere introduction to critical literacy

Teachers have an undeniable influence on youth, on whose shoulders tomorrow rests. It is vital for teachers to be conscious of their role in both the local and global community in order to facilitate occasions for students to develop a sense of global consciousness. By imparting to students the desire to learn and to explore their interactions with things, people and experiences, and actively pursue knowledge, they develop critical literacy skills required to both acquire understanding and be(come) understood. Through this research study, the implications of applying David Diamond’s community drama work called Theatre for Living, as an effective and critical literacy practice to enhance social conciousness within a middle school, is assesssed. The program was implemented in a split grade 7/8 and grade 8 classroom in southwestern Ontario. The study exemplifies for educators a practical yet significant step for initializing and developing a broad sense of awareness in students; that is the sense of global consciousness.

I den föreliggande studien undersöker vi tre litterära verk med mångkulturellt tema och dess potential till arbete med värdegrundsfrågor i grundskolans årskurs 4–6. Syftet är att analysera hur karaktärer med annan etnicitet än den vita västerländska normen framställs. I studien analyseras tre populära litterära verk som vi har stött på under utbildningen, under vår praktik i verksamheten och som visat sig vara frekvent utlånade på Kalmar Stadsbibliotek. Till stöd använder vi teorier om kritisk litteracitet och främst Hilary Janks modell för att undersöka kategorier som makt, mångfald och design. Av de litterära verken visar det sig att etnisk mångfald uttrycks och kategoriseras på olika sätt, att individens möjligheter i samhället påverkas av namn och utseende med annan etnicitet samt att huvudkaraktärernas hemmiljö beskrivs på ett stereotypt sätt. Därefter undersöks resultatets didaktiska potential utifrån värdegrundsfrågor och hur dessa kan integreras med den valda litteraturen. Resultatet visar hur valda delar i verken kan vara fruktbara i arbete med den typ av värdegrundsfrågor som skrivs fram i styrdokumenten.

This thesis discusses source criticism from a critical perspective which encompasses its challenges, demands and possibilities for teaching practice. The questions guiding the core of this research are the following:1) What differentiates people’s activities in the process of evaluating sources? 2) What characterizes an effective practice in critical evaluation of sources? 3) Which criteria, factors and strategies might be important to consider in order to have a successful source critical methodology that promotes the improvement of critical thinking when analysing information and news?The studied materials include data from one survey and 54 semi-structured interviews. The interviews, analysed by using a methodology based on Grounded Theory, led to the development of a concept, critical source criticism (CSC), which define a broad perspective for the analysis of sources, and a related theoretical model (the CSC-model) aimed to be used for didactical purposes. The outcomes from this research suggest that different forms and levels of knowledge in history and social studies (in theory and practice), have a critical impact on the way we interact with information. The results also suggest that the combinations of theories and methodologies, alongside an emphasis on pluralism and multiperspectivity, can turn source criticism into an effective practice to achieve several educational goals. Subsequently, these results, are considered in the development of the proposed model in this thesis. The CSC-model developed in this study could be suitable for the analysis of information such as news, in planning of source-critical based teaching and in source critical discussions. I argue that this methodological structure, can be applied to facilitate the development of critical thinking, as well as other skills and abilities essential for democratic participation. This thesis Includes summaries in Swedish and Spanish as appendices".

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This study sets out to answer the call for explicit instruction in critical thinking for ELL. Using action research and qualitative methodology, I examine the effect of implementing the cognitive apprenticeship paradigm with ELL studying in a mainstream secondary English class using the American curriculum. I center instruction on authentic texts and scaffold critical literacy and thinking tasks for instructional interventions. The data generated by the study includes written responses and reflections by the participants. This data is analyzed using research into cognitive theory and critical thinking pedagogy. The results support the cognitive apprenticehip model as one means for improving the higher literacy of ELL, regardless of level and background. The findings of this study contribute to the discussion of how to bridge the achievement gap between ELL and their native speaking peers and provide an avenue to advance their academic success. / English Studies / M.A. (with specialisation in TESOL (Teaching English to Speakers of other languages))

This classroom ethnography documents the developing critical literacy pedagogy of an English for Academic Purposes (EAP) instructor over the course of several terms. My research, which involved extensive collaboration with the EAP instructor, explores how specific classroom practices and discourses are enacted and mediated through dialogic intertextualities, material objects, and social actions that frame representations about language, literacy, and what Lefebvre (1988) called “le quotidien” – the everyday, and how these affect the students’ meaning-making potential in specific ways. It also traces the contours (and detours) of the instructor’s classroom practices after the researcher’s mediation in the form of collaborative inquiries on functional grammar and critical literacy, and the effects of these classroom practices on making meaning in her EAP classes. I consider several issues from an integrated theory and practice perspective. Because of an urgent need to understand the students’ practices and epistemologies as they engage in ever newer forms of multimodal text productions, I contend that EAP classroom practices must be reshaped to facilitate more (inter)active engagements of the multimodal texts that saturate students’ lives, both inside the class and outside. Related to this, I highlight in my classroom data what actually counts as the ‘critical’ or the ‘uncritical’ in this EAP classroom and argue why these distinctions matter. Lastly, I suggest ways in which the role of a critical multiliteracies education in EAP can meet the pragmatic needs of both students and teachers. My research contributes to a much-needed dialogue between critically oriented researchers and practitioners in the field of TESOL/Applied Linguistics by bridging the gap between theory and practice. The lessons learned from this collaborative classroom praxis point to concrete ways to help EAP teachers and students utilize their meaning-making potential. This involves equipping them with an expanded social semiotic tool-kit that can enable them to not only meet their immediate academic needs, but also help create a more active and possibly transformative role in the social constructions of discourse, language, and society. This doctoral dissertation has implications for those who are involved in EAP teaching and research, curriculum planning, teacher training, and student needs assessment.

This classroom ethnography documents the developing critical literacy pedagogy of an English for Academic Purposes (EAP) instructor over the course of several terms. My research, which involved extensive collaboration with the EAP instructor, explores how specific classroom practices and discourses are enacted and mediated through dialogic intertextualities, material objects, and social actions that frame representations about language, literacy, and what Lefebvre (1988) called “le quotidien” – the everyday, and how these affect the students’ meaning-making potential in specific ways. It also traces the contours (and detours) of the instructor’s classroom practices after the researcher’s mediation in the form of collaborative inquiries on functional grammar and critical literacy, and the effects of these classroom practices on making meaning in her EAP classes. I consider several issues from an integrated theory and practice perspective. Because of an urgent need to understand the students’ practices and epistemologies as they engage in ever newer forms of multimodal text productions, I contend that EAP classroom practices must be reshaped to facilitate more (inter)active engagements of the multimodal texts that saturate students’ lives, both inside the class and outside. Related to this, I highlight in my classroom data what actually counts as the ‘critical’ or the ‘uncritical’ in this EAP classroom and argue why these distinctions matter. Lastly, I suggest ways in which the role of a critical multiliteracies education in EAP can meet the pragmatic needs of both students and teachers. My research contributes to a much-needed dialogue between critically oriented researchers and practitioners in the field of TESOL/Applied Linguistics by bridging the gap between theory and practice. The lessons learned from this collaborative classroom praxis point to concrete ways to help EAP teachers and students utilize their meaning-making potential. This involves equipping them with an expanded social semiotic tool-kit that can enable them to not only meet their immediate academic needs, but also help create a more active and possibly transformative role in the social constructions of discourse, language, and society. This doctoral dissertation has implications for those who are involved in EAP teaching and research, curriculum planning, teacher training, and student needs assessment.