Submitted by Francisco Molnar Neto (francisco.molnar@gmail.com) on 2013-04-19T18:49:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MOBILE PAYMENT E O CASO DA PAGGO NO BRASIL - FRANCISCO MOLNAR NETO 2013 - VERSÃO FINAL. .pdf: 2036789 bytes, checksum: e6565f181d4be2dd3d3c3e277adb7fff (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Suzinei Teles Garcia Garcia (suzinei.garcia@fgv.br) on 2013-04-19T18:59:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MOBILE PAYMENT E O CASO DA PAGGO NO BRASIL - FRANCISCO MOLNAR NETO 2013 - VERSÃO FINAL. .pdf: 2036789 bytes, checksum: e6565f181d4be2dd3d3c3e277adb7fff (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-04-19T19:00:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MOBILE PAYMENT E O CASO DA PAGGO NO BRASIL - FRANCISCO MOLNAR NETO 2013 - VERSÃO FINAL. .pdf: 2036789 bytes, checksum: e6565f181d4be2dd3d3c3e277adb7fff (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-26 / Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar o caso da Paggo, a iniciativa de maior destaque em Mobile Payment no Brasil. A escolha pelo tema de Mobile Payment se deu devido ao seu caráter de inovação e disruptura num mercado consolidado como o de meios de pagamento. Através de uma análise qualitativa, o autor se propõe a identificar e elucidar alguns dos atributos básicos fundamentais necessários a uma iniciativa de Mobile Payment. Um modelo teórico foi então desenvolvido com o intuito de aplica-lo à iniciativa da Paggo de forma a verificar a presença destes atributos e seu alinhamento com o direcionamento das ações estratégicas da companhia. Por tratar de um caso específico, limitamos nossa análise ao modelo de Mobile Payment adotado pela Paggo (B2C). Para tal, foram analisados diferentes estudos de autores acadêmicos especializados no tema de inovações tecnológicas e governança. Teorias relativas a inovações em meios de pagamento (CHAKRAVORTI e KOBOR, 2003), economia da informação (SHAPIRO e VARIAN, 1999), adequação das ferramentas organizacionais para a tarefa (CHRISTENSEN e OVERDORF, 2000) e evolução da plataforma de Serviços (TIWANA, KONSYNSKI e BUSH, 2010) compõe a base dos atributos selecionados para o modelo proposto pelo autor. Do ponto de vista prático, foram entrevistados presencialmente o antigo e o atual presidente da Paggo com a finalidade de se coletar dados relativos a aspectos de inovação tecnológica, estrutura organizacional e governança ao longo da história da companhia. Estas entrevistas, transcritas ao final do estudo, por si só já se revelaram como uma grande contribuição a estudiosos do tema, que muitas vezes carecem de perspectivas tão amplas como as apresentadas nestas entrevistas. O tema é ainda mais relevante não apenas pelos impactos diretos e indiretos que sua implementação poderá trazer, não apenas sobre toda a cadeia de valor atual de meios de pagamentos mas, principalmente, para toda a sociedade brasileira visto que o governo brasileiro anunciou recentemente que o Ministério das Comunicações em conjunto com o Banco Central e a Agência Nacional de Telecomunicações (ANATEL) trabalham para apresentar uma proposta de marco regulatório para serviços de pagamento por meio de telefonia móvel ainda em 2012 . Este estudo é portanto de interesse de todos os agentes envolvidos no ecossistema de meios de pagamento: bancos, adquirentes, bandeiras de aceitação, fabricantes de dispositivos, governo e agencias reguladoras, além das operadoras de telefonia celular e outros agentes indiretos. Também é relevante para a sociedade em geral, representada pelos varejistas, comerciantes e prestadores de serviço que poderão se utilizar de novos meios de pagamento móveis e dos usuários finais (compradores) os quais poderão contar com novos serviços e uma dinâmica alternativa de pagamento para efetuar suas transações.

Solicitud de embargo por publicación en revista indexada. / En la actualidad, la tecnología móvil se ha posicionado en el estilo de vida de muchas personas. Esto se ha expandido en el sector de la banca a través de los aplicativos de banca móvil de distintas empresas debido a las distintas facilidades y ventajas que posee el utilizar esta plataforma. Esta investigación apunta a poder descubrir las causas que conllevan a la adopción del uso del aplicativo de la banca móvil en Lima Metropolitana. A través de las distintas teorías e investigaciones de otros autores se ha logrado encontrar los determinantes que poseen la mayor influencia. Entre ellos se encuentra la seguridad percibida, la facilidad de uso y la utilidad percibida. / Today, mobile technology has become a part of many people's lifestyles. This has expanded in the banking sector through the mobile banking applications of different companies due to the different facilities and advantages of using this platform. This research aims to discover the causes that lead to the adoption of the use of the mobile banking application in Metropolitan Lima. Through the different theories and investigations of other authors, it has been possible to find the determinants that have the greatest influence. These include perceived safety, ease of use, and perceived usefulness. / Trabajo de investigación

El uso de las billeteras móviles está recibiendo una creciente atención a nivel mundial. El rápido crecimiento del comercio electrónico y la tecnología del internet, ha propiciado a los bancos a innovar con respecto a los servicios de banca por internet, incentivando a sus usuarios a facilitar sus transacciones a través de las e wallets. Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar los principales factores que influyen en la intención de uso de los e wallets. Por lo tanto, se describe un marco de investigación donde se analizan las variables de brand trust y riesgos financieros e informáticos, con el fin de evaluar cómo es que impulsan la intención de uso de los e wallets. El tipo de investigación que se llevará a cabo en este paper es correlacional, el cual tendrá un enfoque cuantitativo y de carácter concluyente. Por lo cual, se recurrirá a una muestra de 400 usuarios de billeteras móviles, con el fin de investigar la relación que hay entre las variables de brand trust, riesgos financieros y riesgos informáticos con respecto a la intención de uso de esta herramienta. Dicha investigación se realizará en el Perú después de que la herramienta fuera lanzada por primera vez en el 2017 y se encuentra en una etapa de constante crecimiento dentro del mercado. / The use of mobile wallets is receiving increasing attention globally. The rapid growth of electronic commerce and internet technology has encouraged banks to innovate with respect to internet banking services, encouraging their users to facilitate their transactions through e wallets. This study aims to identify the main factors that influence the intention to use e wallets. Therefore, a research framework is described where the variables of brand trust, brand image and financial and IT risks are analyzed, in order to evaluate how they drive the intention to use e wallets. The type of research that will be carried out in this paper is correlational, which will have a quantitative and conclusive approach. Therefore, a sample of 400 mobile wallet users will be used, in order to investigate the relationship between the variables of brand trust, financial risks and computer risks with respect to the intention to use this tool . This research will be carried out in Peru after the tool was launched for the first time in 2017 and is in a stage of constant growth within the market. / Trabajo de investigación

Background: Emerging in December 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic profoundly changed consumer behaviour leading to social distancing and mitigating physical contact. Statistics show an increased use of contactless and mobile payment usage and adoption during the pandemic. It is unclear how valid previous models on mobile payment adoption explain adoption behaviour in emergency situations. While there are few studies approaching the adoption behaviour during the pandemic, there is also little previous research on mobile payment adoption prior to the pandemic in Germany. Purpose: The present thesis intends to advance several previously researched technological adoption frameworks to focus on and measure consumers’ perception of mobile payment technology adopting during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, our model provides a basis to understand mobile payment adoption in Germany during the pandemic. Method: Based on hypotheses derived from an adapted UTAUT2 model, we conducted quantitative deductive research reaching 258 questionnaire participants based in Germany. The empirical data was analysed through structural equation modelling. Conclusion: The findings show that Performance Expectancy still represents the primary driver of intention to adopt mobile payments during the pandemic, yet it is strongly supported by the initially contextualised Contamination Avoidance element and complemented by Habit, Effort Expectancy. Practitioners benefit from the study to better tailor campaigns in accordance with the main driver of adoption behaviour, while our findings contribute new insights into technology adoption in Germany during emergency situations.

As the use of mobile payment applications (apps) and electronic wallets (e-wallets)increases, so does the demand for a improved user experience when interactingwith these apps. The field of Human-Computer interaction (HCI) focuses onthe design, evaluation, and implementation of interactive computing systems forhuman use. One aspect of HCI is usability, i.e., the quality of the interactions witha product or system. This thesis investigates how an e-wallet can be designed to provide a high level ofusability by conforming to best HCI practices and by formative evaluation using aset of usability evaluation methods.The research process consisted of an initial literature study and developmentof a prototype, which was evaluated iteratively through Thinking-aloud-protocol(TAP) and a combination of performance measurements and questionnaire by achosen test group. By each iteration, the results of the performance measurements, as well as theverbal data improved. The most complex or difficult task, for the test subjectsto perform, was, according to the results, Pay via manual input. All goals wereachieved for all tasks except for the performance goal of a percentage of errorsbelow 5%. To conclude, it was clear that the test subjects had more trouble understandingthe concept of the e-wallet rather than navigating and completing tasks. Thedifficulties lay in understanding how currencies were stored and how transactionshappened. When developing this e-wallet we noticed that the most importantissue was to make new functions and concepts familiar to the user through relatingit to recognizable ideas. / I och med att användning av mobila betalningslösningar (appar) och elektroniskaplånböcker (e-plånböcker) ökar, ökar även efterfrågan på en förbättradanvändarupplevelse vid interaktion med dessa appar. Området människadatorinteraktion(MDI) fokuserar på design, utvärdering och implementeringav interaktiva datorsystem för mänsklig användning. En aspekt av MDI äranvändbarhet, dvs kvaliteten på interaktionerna med en produkt eller ett system.Detta kandidatexamensarbete undersöker hur en e-plånbok kan utformas föratt ge en hög användbarhet genom att anpassas till MDI praxis och formativutvärdering av designen med hjälp av en uppsättning utvärderingsmetoder föranvändbarhet. Forskningsprocessen bestod av en litteraturstudie och utveckling av en prototoyp,som utvärderades iterativt genom Thinking-aloud Protocol (TAP) samt enkombination av prestationsmätningar och frågeformulär av en vald testgrupp.Efter varje iteration förbättrades resultaten av prestationsmätningarna, såvälsom för den verbala datan. Den mest komplexa eller svåra uppgiften,för testpersonerna att utföra, var, enligt resultaten, Betalning via manuelinmatning. Alla mål uppnåddes för alla uppgifter förutom prestationsmålet fören procentandel av fel under 5%. Avslutningsvis var det tydligt att testpersonerna fann det svårare att förståkonceptet av e-plånboken än att navigera och slutföra uppgifterna. Svårigheternalåg i att förstå hur valutor lagrades och hur transaktioner gick till. När viutvecklade den här e-plånboken märkte vi att den viktigaste uppgiften var att göranya funktioner och koncept förståerliga för användaren genom att koppla dem tilligenkännliga idéer.

This thesis deals with digital identity wallets as digital identification means, through a legal and technical perspective, within the field of legal informatics. The 3rd of July 2021 the European Commission presented a proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Regulation (EU) No 910/2014 as regards establishing a framework for a European Digital identity, also known as the eIDAS II-regulation. The eIDAS II-regulation is at this moment being negotiated on EU-level and has not yet been adopted. In the eIDAS II-regulation the digital identity wallets were presented. These wallets en-able citizens and other residents to authenticate, and share electronic documents and identification data, with a relying party. The purpose of the digital identity wallets is to create a harmonized identification solution that will function within all member states of the EU. The thesis will concentrate on the relationship between the legal aspects of the eIDAS II-regulation and the technical solutions presented in the regulation. The eIDAS II-regulation covers a vast variety of legal and technical solutions, however the thesis will only focus on the electronic identification, authentication, and the sharing of electronic documents through the wallet. Furthermore, the thesis will analyse which data can be stored in the wallet according to the eIDAS II-regulation and what legal and technical solutions are proposed to enable shar-ing, and controlling the accuracy, of the data. The relationship between eIDAS II-regulation and GDPR will be discussed and analysed in the end of the thesis. This discussion gives the reader an understanding of how the regulations will integrate with each other and how eIDAS II-regulation is affected by the GDPR. The conclusion of the thesis is that the eIDAS II-regulation, thus the digital identity wallets, is a step in the right direction to create a harmonized regulation for digital identities, however there are certain legal problems that should be ad-dressed to make the digital identity wallets a secure and user-friendly solution. These legal problems with the digital identity wallets could be solved with the right technical specifications. Some of these technical specifications will be pre-sented and discussed in the thesis.

There are many different ways to conduct a payment in today’s society. The most common ways to transfer money is by using bank transfer, credit and debit cards or e-wallets. Global and instant micropayments are however not possible using different e-wallets as endpoints. In this report, the authors try to find a feasible solution to this by using and combining the functionalities of two e-wallets by connecting them. Research is made on potential endpoint e-wallets and Swish and PayPal are selected to be used in the system. A distributed system model is built and an initial prototype is implemented based on wire transfers. The system is tested using a integration testing strategy and the performance of the prototype is validated by measuring the execution time of the system. The results from the unit and system tests are collected and the system is verified by passing all integration tests. It is concluded that there is a feasible solution for connecting the e-wallets and that even more e-wallets could be integrated into the system. Lastly, the authors discuss the project and future work. / Det finns många olika sätt att betala i dagens samhälle. De vanligaste sätten att överföra pengar är genom banköverföring, kredit- och kontokort eller elektroniska plånböcker. Globala och snabba mikrobetalningar är däremot inte möjliga med olika e-plånböcker som betalningssätt. I denna rapport försöker författarna hitta en möjlig lösning till detta genom att använda och kombinera funktionaliteten hos två e-plånböcker genom att ansluta dem. Undersökningar görs på potentiella e-plånböcker och Swish och PayPal blir valda för att användas i systemet. En distribuerad systemmodell är byggd och en initial prototyp implementeras baserat på trådbundna överföringar. Systemet testas med en enhetsteststrategi och prototypens prestanda valideras genom att mäta tiden av systemets utförande. Resultaten från enhets- och systemtester samlas in och systemet verifieras genom att klara alla enhetstester. Slutsatsen dras att det finns en möjlig lösning för att ansluta de elektroniska plånböckerna och att ännu fler elektroniska plånböcker kan integreras i systemet. Slutligen diskuterar författarna projektet och framtida arbete.

Submitted by Mariana Dornelles Vargas (marianadv) on 2015-03-25T13:57:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 4iPay.pdf: 3380679 bytes, checksum: 49edaff25098492ab3c46fcf4aad082b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-25T13:57:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4iPay.pdf: 3380679 bytes, checksum: 49edaff25098492ab3c46fcf4aad082b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar um modelo de arquitetura e usabilidade para um sistema de pagamento móvel (Mobile Payment System), considerando as premissas de independência de dispositivo, de localização, de operadora de telefonia móvel e de administradora financeira para suprir as necessidades de efetivar pagamentos e recebimentos de qualquer natureza em ambientes de comércio ubíquo (Ubiquitous Commerce). O trabalho inicialmente descreve a motivação, os objetivos e os conceitos fundamentais sobre os quais se baseia a proposta do modelo. A seguir são elencados os principais trabalhos relacionados e uma análise comparativa detalhada é realizada, derivando as características mais importantes a serem consideradas no modelo proposto. Em seguida, é proposto um modelo de pagamento móvel, denominado 4iPay, onde são detalhados os objetivos, arquitetura, recursos e a proposta técnico-científica de comércio eletrônico em ambientes ubíquos. Na proposição do modelo foi considerada a convergência dos trabalhos relacionados analisados no que tange à ubiquidade, unicidade, universalidade e unissonância. Assim, o modelo 4iPay pretende reunir as melhores características, inovando e melhorando em alguns aspectos relevantes ao comércio ubíquo de fato. O modelo proposto visa propor uma solução diferenciada em termos de arquitetura, modelo de negócio, usabilidade, baixo consumo de banda e alto desempenho nas transações de pagamento e recebimento, em relação às propostas atuais, levando em consideração, nas transações comerciais eletrônicas móveis, questões como independência de dispositivo, localização física, segurança e confiabilidade, além de outras características expostas ao longo do trabalho, como otimização no uso de protocolos de comunicação e flexibilidade na utilização de conexões locais ou remotas. Também são descritos cenários efetivos de uso de onde e como o modelo 4iPay pode ser aplicado. Para tanto é apresentado o protótipo desenvolvido para avaliar o modelo. Por fim, são apresentados os resultados obtidos na avaliação dos cenários, nas avaliações de desempenho da aplicação e na pesquisa de campo de aceitação do modelo proposto. / This work aims at presenting a usability and architectural model for a mobile payment system. In our model, we assume independence of devices, of location, of mobile operator, and of administrator, to allow all kinds of payment in ubiquitous environments (Ubiquitous Commerce). In this work, we begin describing motivation, goals, and fundamental concepts, in which the proposed model is based. Next, we present related works and a detailed comparative analysis of those projects, deriving the most important features. Later, we propose a model of mobile payment, called 4iPay, based on those features. We detail the 4iPay model, architecture, features, and the technical-scientific proposal of an electronic commerce system in ubiquitous environments. We consider, in the proposed model, the convergence of various related works in terms of ubiquity, unity, universality, and unison. Thus, 4iPay aims at bringing together the best features, innovating and improving in some aspects. In the model, we propose a distinguished solution in terms of architecture, business model, usability, low bandwidth consumption and high performance in payment and receipt transactions. We also consider issues such as device independence, physical location, security and reliability, and other features related to mobile electronic commerce transactions, such as optimizing communications protocols usage and flexibility in local or remote connections. We also present the effective use in scenarios of where and how 4iPay can be applied. For this purpose we present the prototype developed to evaluate the model. Finally, we present the scenarios assessment results, the application performance evaluation and the proposed model acceptance survey.

Submitted by William Justo Figueiro (williamjf) on 2015-07-10T21:37:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 36b.pdf: 8321284 bytes, checksum: 5ec8d2ae2a04b68405d9caf30d342a3a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-07-10T21:37:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 36b.pdf: 8321284 bytes, checksum: 5ec8d2ae2a04b68405d9caf30d342a3a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-08-19 / Nenhuma / O uso de dispositivos móveis como meio de pagamento vem crescendo ao longo dos últimos anos. Embora algumas implantações de carteiras digitais tenham sido bem sucedidas, ainda não existe um padrão a ser utilizado pelo mercado. Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar uma solução para pagamento móvel através da utilização de uma carteira digital. Esta solução deve ser heterogênea, sendo disponibilizada para o maior número possível de dispositivos móveis, como telefones celulares e tablets, e deve permitir o pagamento entre dois usuários sem a necessidade de conexão à internet. O trabalho também leva em consideração as informações de contexto do usuário, e busca oferecer uma solução diferenciada ao usuário final, através da interface da aplicação com um servidor de pedidos, a ser instalado no estabelecimento comercial. A segurança também é um item importante, e o modelo deve prever a utilização de um elemento seguro, garantindo a segurança das informações gravadas no dispositivo. Foi desenvolvido um protótipo da arquitetura proposta, denominado Unipag. O protótipo foi desenvolvido através da avaliação de quatro diferentes soluções de carteira digital, sendo duas soluções acadêmicas e duas soluções comerciais. O protótipo foi desenvolvido inicialmente para o sistema Android, e foram realizadas duas avaliações. A avaliação por cenários demonstrou a utilização com sucesso da aplicação em cenários de pagamento cotidianos. A avaliação de usabilidade demonstrou que o aplicativo é de fácil utilização, e 96% dos usuários utilizariam a aplicação se disponível. Os resultados encorajam o estudo e demonstram a viabilidade da solução. / The use of mobile devices as a payment device has been growing over the last few years. Although some deployments of digital wallets have been successful, there is still no standard to be used by market. This work aims to present a solution for mobile payment through the use of a digital wallet. This solution must be heterogeneous, being made available to the largest possible number of mobile devices such as mobile phones and tablets, and should allow payment between two users without internet connection. The solution also considers the context information of the user, and seeks to offer a different solution to the end user through the application interface with a server application to be installed on the premises. Safety is also an important item, and the model should provide for the use of a secure element, ensuring the security of information stored on the device. We developed a prototype of the proposed architecture, called Unipag. The prototype was developed by evaluating four different solutions digital wallet, two academic solutions and two commercial solutions. The prototype was initially developed for the Android system, and were assessed twice. The evaluation scenarios demonstrated the successful use of the application for daily payment scenarios. The usability evaluation demonstrated that the application is easy to use, and 96% of users would use the application if available. The results encourage the study and demonstrate the feasibility of the solution.

With mobile phones almost being ubiquitous in most communities, the electronic payment industry has realised the potential of using mobile phones as devices that can be used to conduct electronic payments. This realisation has led to an increase in the number of mobile payment solutions, which are being deployed for use by the public. However, these mobile payment solutions have not been widely adopted, especially by the citizens who are residing in the townships. Thus, this study investigates the factors that inhibit township residents from adopting mobile payments. The study was done at the Soshanguve township on the outskirts of Pretoria in Gauteng, South Africa. The study adopted a mixed method approach to collect data. Phase 1 relied on the interviews from a few selected individuals to collect the initial data, once this process was complete; a questionnaire (Phase 2) was developed and distributed to the general community of Soshanguve for data collection, which was qualitatively and quantitatively analysed.the diffusion and use of mobile payments in the townships. Some of the factors are as follows: mobile payments are not easy to use; lack of products to purchase using mobile payments; high costs associated with using mobile payment solutions; lack of trialability of mobile payment solutions; and lack of awareness of mobile payment providers in the townships. The study proposes several guidelines that could help developers and operators of mobile payment solutions to design and deploy their solutions in such a way that they are suitable for consumption by the users in township communities. Proposed guidelines are as follows: (1) when a mobile payment solution is launched, effort should be made to market it to the target market; (2) potential adopters of mobile payments should be able to try it without incurring any financial penalties; (3) mobile payments should be easier to use; (4) mobile payment security features should be apparent to the potential adopters in order to alleviate their fears; (5) mobile payment solutions should be designed according to the needs of the target market as one size fits all does not work; (6) mobile payment solutions should fulfill a need which is not met by the current alternatives or it should offer more value than the existing alternatives; (7) the cost of conducting mobile payments should be affordable; and (8) the regulator should develop legislation that stimulates innovation and competition while ensuring the security of mobile payments. / Computing / M. Sc. (Computing)