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I det här kapitelbidrag ger jag några exempel på hur det inom såväl förvaltning som forskning pågår olika maktspel som påverkar förutsättningarna för människors delaktighet i den lokala utvecklingen och bäddar för att de invånare som reformen riktas mot i stället diskrimineras och utesluts från deltagande. För att sätta dessa aspekter i relation till en större filosofisk diskussion resonerar jag kring den deliberativa/kommunikativa vändning som kort presenterades i antologins inledningskapitel. Därefter ger jag mig i kast med tre olika aspekter av planeringens och urbanforskningens arbete med medborgarnas delaktighet i planeringen som har diskriminerande innebörder. Dessa aspekter utgör några av de oförutsedda konsekvenser som insatser mot strukturell diskriminering kan ha. Den första handlar om att den regionala politiken bär på ett utifrånperspektiv som hindrar lokala krafter från att formulera de åtgärder de anser vara nödvändiga för att främja integrationen av boende på mångkulturella platser, såväl till varandra som till regionen. Den andra aspekten handlar om att det, bortom regionalpolitikens utifrånperspektiv, finns en bestämd förankringsrationalitet bland tjänstemännen på lokal nivå. Den vilar på ett förhållningssätt gentemot medborgarna som begränsar tjänstemännens möjligheter att faktiskt etablera en intersubjektiv kommunikation eller dialog med boende. Den tredje aspekten handlar om att det, vid sidan av detta utifrånperspektiv och denna förankringsrationalitet, finns en universalistisk forskardiskurs, som prioriterar rationella överväganden framför demokratiska värden. Trots en vilja att värna en mer demokratisk urban planering, i enlighet med den så kallade kommunikativa/deliberativa vändningen, så tenderar denna hållning att bortse från maktdimensionen och hur den gestaltar sig på mångkulturella platser, i möten mellan tjänstemän och invånare. Eftersom en sådan hållning har genomsyrat väsentliga delar av utvärderingen av tjänstemännens arbete med Storstadssatsningen, kan den i sig gjort det svårare för tjänstemännen att bli varse och ta itu med den diskriminerande förankringspraktik de är involverade i. Sammanflätningen av dessa tre aspekter har sannolikt bidragit till att flera av intentionerna bakom storstadspolitiken inte har kunnat uppnås som det var tänkt. Politiken har snarare cementerat den diskriminering och exkludering som drabbat – och fortsatt drabbar – invandrade och andra boende på mångkulturella platser.

In the last decades, small firms have accounted for a disproportionately large share of new jobs. Using data from 1993 to 2009, the concern of this thesis is to examine regional differences in employment growth in Sweden, with  a focus at the role of small firms. The author employs findings from previous studies and theoretical discussions on advantages and disadvantages of small firms to derive a number of variables to use in two multiple regression models on regional employment growth, one for the period 1993-2001 and one for the period 2001-2009. The results show that, unlike increases of well educated workers and the population growth, increases in small firm employment is significant in explaining employment growth in both periods, with a positive relationship. For both periods, changes in small firms’ share of employment is not significant in explaining employment growth. Although many new jobs have been generated in service industries, changes in the service sectors’ share of employment is highly insignificant as an explanatory variable for employment growth. Moreover, an increased share of highly educated workers is negatively related to employment growth.

The Swedish geographer Gerd Enequist (1903-1989) left behind great amounts of private and work material when she passed away. This was donated to the University Library of Uppsala, Carolina Rediviva, in three different accessions. This resulted in three different record. The subject of this report is the progress of assembling these record into one complete record. The registering led to many important decisions such as the role of provenance and the relation of private and public documents. Above all the special nature of personal archives have been a topic of discussion. Personal archives separate themselves from public records and therefore demand a different strategy of listing. The width of kinds of material and the mixture of private and public records are important qualities that differ them from public records. The report is initiated with an introduction of Enequist, followed by a description of the three accessions. In the second part of the report the work with recording the archive is accounted for including a description of the headings of the record. Thereafter the problems encountered during the work are described and discussed. The report is completed with a short proposal of the research values of the archive.

Denna uppsats är en pilotstudie för Regionförbundet Östsam. Den syftar till att kritisera och testa en metod som behandlar serviceutbudet i tätorter inom Fjärde storstadsregionen. Denna metod bygger på att kartlägga utbudet, vikta detta enligt en poängmodell och sedan analysera resultatet och söka skapa en ortsklassificering. Metoden är tänkt vara ett verktyg i modern regionalplanering och kunna förbättra serviceutbudet i regionen. I studien har svensk regionalpolitiskt historia, centralorts- och nätverksteori använts för att visa på hur modern regionalplanering söker skapa samarbeten utifrån funktionella omland och inte genom administrativa områden.Det studien visar är att metoden står i förhållande till den politik som förs av dess användare. Metodens olika delar utformas utifrån den bakomliggande politiken. Vidare konkluderas det att metoden går att användas för regionalplanering men mest som ett initialt verktyg för vidare arbete. Inga direkta slutsatser kunde dras ur resultatet då underlaget för studien varit för begränsad. dock ges en exemplifiering av hur resultatet kan komma att presenteras och användas, bland annat genom en typ av klassificering av de använda orterna.

Abstract Attractiveness may be defined by a variety of factors but you should see it in the public planning as it is to have a positive population growth and economic growth, through working with communications, service, housing, to name a few. This is done primarily through direct projects both within the municipality and through various partnerships between local and regional level. The progress we have seen in recent years has gone more towards a clear shell level, particularly a regional level where these have had a much greater freedom with clear geographical boundaries in between each other. Within these regions there are also clear regional groupings that have common interests and competing between each other. In my thesis, we have been distinguished including three levels of scale levels. At the local level Osby municipality, together with the other municipalities in Skåne Nordost working Sound region and at regional level, Region Skåne after that will the national level and global level. Osby has for several years worked with attractiveness both within its own municipality, and through collaborations with both north-east Skåne, Region Skåne and a number of other formal and informal collaborations. Efforts to increase its attractiveness has been assumed to have a stable population and a positive economic growth. This work has been made concrete by using the outline above, and that through various projects, such as this can Pågatågen and Boda like to mention. Both projects are designed to increase the attractiveness of just Osby. Through working with these projects and to always show up, so will these projects lead to Osby will have a positive population growth and economic growth. Osby municipality has a good location for the future, especially their geographical position, especially in view of the main line gives them an edge against other municipalities located in the periphery of a strong growth region. Another reason that makes Osby has a good location that they went through a restructuring during the high economic climate and with it so has it been able to adapt its business is now located at a high national level.

No description available.

<p>This dissertation has the intention to discuss access to clean and safe water from an aspect of human rights. The aim is to investigate how access to clean and safe water is seen upon as a human right, and if the water situation would be influenced and perhaps improved if it was declared as an independent human right. The issue is mainly discussed from an overriding international perspective, but with focus on the situation in developing countries. This because it is often in these countries that the greatest deficiency of drinking water is occurring, and where the regimes do not ensure their population sufficient access to drinking water. The study also aims to describe the current discussion about whether to make clean and safe water an independent human right or not and to give an account of the arguments held by representatives of the different standpoints.</p><p>A sort of inductive method is used in the dissertation and the analysis mainly is built upon the Indian economist Amartya Sens theories about entitlements and development. The study principally is based on literature, documents and reports on human rights and access to and legislation of clean and safe water. However, the study also includes some phone interviews and analyses in a Geographic Information System and the statistical program SPSS.</p>

<p> </p><h2>Abstract</h2><p>Attractiveness may be defined by a variety of factors but you should see it in the public planning as it is to have a positive population growth and economic growth, through working with communications, service, housing, to name a few. This is done primarily through direct projects both within the municipality and through various partnerships between local and regional level. The progress we have seen in recent years has gone more towards a clear shell level, particularly a regional level where these have had a much greater freedom with clear geographical boundaries in between each other. Within these regions there are also clear regional groupings that have common interests and competing between each other. In my thesis, we have been distinguished including three levels of scale levels. At the local level Osby municipality, together with the other municipalities in Skåne Nordost working Sound region and at regional level, Region Skåne after that will the national level and global level.</p><p>Osby has for several years worked with attractiveness both within its own municipality, and through collaborations with both north-east Skåne, Region Skåne and a number of other formal and informal collaborations. Efforts to increase its attractiveness has been assumed to have a stable population and a positive economic growth. This work has been made concrete by using the outline above, and that through various projects, such as this can Pågatågen and Boda like to mention. Both projects are designed to increase the attractiveness of just Osby. Through working with these projects and to always show up, so will these projects lead to Osby will have a positive population growth and economic growth.</p><p>Osby municipality has a good location for the future, especially their geographical position, especially in view of the main line gives them an edge against other municipalities located in the periphery of a strong growth region. Another reason that makes Osby has a good location that they went through a restructuring during the high economic climate and with it so has it been able to adapt its business is now located at a high national level.</p><p> </p>

No description available.