Bakgrund: Våld i nära relationer (VNR) är ett växande folkhälsoproblem och ur ett globalt perspektiv utsätts 35 % av alla kvinnor utav någon form av VNR under sin livstid. I Sverige år 2018 var 67 % av våldsbrotten mot kvinnor med dödlig utgång, orsakade av mannen i relationen alternativt ex-mannen. Detta motsvarade 22 dödsfall. När kvinnor söker vård upplever de att sjuksköterskor inte har tillräckligt med kunskap, vilket leder till att vården blir bristande. Syfte: Syftet var att belysa sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att möta kvinnor som utsätts för våld i nära relationer. Metod: En litteraturöversikt enligt Fribergs metod genomfördes. Datainsamlingen bestod av 10 vetenskapliga artiklar som belyser sjuksköterskor erfarenheter av att vårda kvinnor som utsätts för VNR. Artiklarna kvalitetsgranskades och analyserades, vilket resulterade i teman och underteman. Resultat: Litteraturöversikten resulterade i fem teman och 16 underteman. Teman var: Det är inte bara att fråga, Att hantera ett positivt svar, Värdet av att skapa goda relationer, Att tvivla på sin profession samt Vikten av ett gott samarbete. Slutsats: Att vårda utsatta kvinnor är enligt sjuksköterskor komplext och det finns flera faktorer som har inverkan under vårmöten med utsatta kvinnor. Detta komplexa ämne hindrar sjuksköterskor att leva upptill sin profession, vilket leder till ett onödigt lidande för kvinnor som utsätts för VNR. / Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a growing health problem and in a global perspective, 35% of all women has been exposed to some kind of violence in a relationship in their lifetime. 67% of the violent crimes with a deadly outcome in Sweden where caused by a male partner or an ex. male partner. This corresponds to 22 deaths. When women seek care, they witness nurses not having enough knowledge about the subject, which leads to deficiency in the healthcare. Purpose: The purpose was to illuminate nurses experiences of meeting women, who has been subjects to violence in close relationships. Method: A literary overview according to the Friberg method was performed. The data collection consisted of 10 scientific articles that illuminated nurses experiences with patients who have been exposed to IPV. The articles where then thoroughly reviewed and analysed and further encapsulated in to topics and subtopics. Result: The literary overview resulted in five topics and 16 subtopics. The following part shows the titles of the topics: It is not just to ask, To handle a positive response, The value of establishing good relationships, To doubt your profession and The value of good cooperations. Conclusion: To take care of exposed women is, according to nurses, very complex. There are several circumstances affecting the encounters with these women. This complex subject prevents nurses to perform at their best in their profession, which in turn leads to unnecessary suffering for women who has been subjects to IPV.

<p>The dissertation explores the infusion of Self-Service-Technology (SST) into the casual dining restaurant experience. Casual, sit-in dining restaurants deliver hospitality or service through human servers, however, the introduction of Self-Service-Technology has shifted the norm and expectations of the dining experience. The purpose of these studies is to examine the effect implementation of SST has on the dynamic between restaurant consumers and hospitality employees. Three distinct studies were conducted to examine consumer adoption of, and resistance to, SST, as well as an assessment of different service delivery scenarios involving SST, and employees’ and consumers’ perspectives of SST and hospitality values. In Study 1, many restaurant consumers expressed that relative advantage and compatibility drive their adoption of SST. However, for some, functional and psychological barriers inhibit adoption. Despite customers’ enthusiasm to adopt SST, study 2 shows that they still significantly favor traditional, human service. In study 3, SST represents a paradox for both consumers and employees. Consumers state that hospitality traditions and value matter, yet their behaviors regarding SST run counter to traditional hospitality philosophy. For employees, SST represents a conflict between feeling insecure about their current role and adapting to a new role involving SST in the service delivery experience. </p>

Background: Forensic psychiatry is characterised by compulsory care and long hospital stays, where nurses care for patients with severe mental illness, who often have committed crimes. The main objective is to rehabilitate the patient to once again become a part of society by improving mental health and decreasing the risk of criminal relapse. This is mainly achieved through encounters with the patients. Encountering patients in forensic psychiatry means coming face to face with suffering and the duality of caring, doing what is best for the patient and protecting society. Aim: The purpose of the study was to obtain a deeper understanding of encounters with patients with mental illness in forensic inpatient care as experienced by nurses. Method: This licentiate thesis consists of two studies (I, II), both conducted with a qualitative design. A total of 13 nurses working at a forensic psychiatric hospital in Sweden were recruited through a purposive sample to participate in the studies through narrative interviews. Study I was analysed with phenomenological hermeneutics in line with Lindseth and Norbergh (2004) in order to illuminate the lived experience of nurses’ encounters. Study II was a secondary supplementary analysis, which applied hermeneutics in line with Fleming, Gaidys, and Robb (2003) to gain a deeper understanding of nurses’ compassion in forensic psychiatry. The two studies were merged to provide a comprehensive understanding in this licentiate thesis. Findings: Study I illuminated the meaning of nurses’ lived experiences of encounters with patients with mental illnesses in forensic inpatient care, that is the nurses’ desire to do good despite being confronted with their own emotions as fear, humiliation, and disappointment. Encounters were also occasionally perceived as positive, awakening emotions of compassion, competence, pride, trust, satisfaction, and gratification regarding the patient’s recovery. However, a source of conflict was the struggle between doing what was best for the patient and protecting society. The study comprised of four themes: being frustrated, protecting oneself, being open-minded, and striving for control. Study II aimed to gain a deeper understanding of nurses’ compassion in providing forensic psychiatric inpatient care with three themes: recognising suffering and need for support, responding to patient suffering, and reacting to one’s own vulnerability. Abstracting to a main theme of being compassionate in forensic psychiatry which is described as an emotional journey, an ongoing inner negotiation between own vulnerability and expressions of suffering. This inner negotiation of making sense of patients’ plea and how they were perceived was crucial for determining the development of compassion rather than turning to control and rules as a means to protect oneself. Discussion: A interpretation of the studies (I, II) revealed two topics, being sensitive and responsive and keeping distance, which were reflected upon against the theoretical framework of Kari Martinsen. The studies showed that nurses faced a variety of encounters that forced them to face their own vulnerability and that trust could reduce power imbalances as well as help deal with societal, man-made constructs. The nurses’ encounters with incomprehensible expressions of suffering also show that nurses need to find a way to make room for “expressions of life”– taking a step back and turning their gaze inwards – in order to regulate their own emotions. This may better equip nurses to encounter patients with compassion and kindness rather than turning to norms and rules to protect themselves and guard their own vulnerability. Rather than distancing themselves from the patients, nurses can instead take a step back to come closer to their patients.

Introduktion: Möten mellan patienter och sjuksköterskor sker dagligen och i många olika sammanhang: i patientens hem, på sjukhus, äldreboende, vårdcentral. Att förstå betydelsen av ett vårdmöte är avgörande för hälsofrämjande hälso- och sjukvård. Syfte: att belysa patienters upplevelser av vårdmöten med sjuksköterskor. Metod: En allmän litteraturöversikt användes som metod för att svara på studiens syfte. Litteraturstudien genomfördes systematiskt i nio steg enligt Polit och Beck (2012). Databaserna CINAHL Plus with Full Text, PubMed och Medline användes för artikelsökningar. Resultatet grundade sig på femton vetenskapliga originalartiklar. Utifrån analysen av artiklarna framträdde ett vårdmöte som ett komplext fenomen med flera olika nyanser, karakteristiska egenskaper och dimensioner och patienters förväntningar av vårdmöten. Detta delades in fyra kategorier: Närvaro i vårdmöten, Mångfald i vårdmötet, Anhöriga som en del i vården och Gör rätt i rätt ögonblick. Slutsats: Det respektfulla bemötandet vid vårdmöten var ett av grundkraven på en patientfokuserad hälsooch sjukvård. Studien visade vikten av att se till helheten i den unika personen i varje vårdsituation, att vara närvarande och uppmärksam mot patienternas behov. Empati, förståelse och lyhördhet till patienten och även till samtliga runt patienten hade haft många positiva effekter och ansågs av patienter vara viktiga förmågor hos sjuksköterskan och ett önskvärt förhållningssätt.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / The criminalization of mental illness has drawn and kept a disproportionate number of people living with mental illness in jails and prisons across the United States. The criminal legal system is ill-equipped or unequipped to provide meaningful mental health care. Police often serve as gatekeepers to the criminal legal system in the midst of encounters involving people living with serious mental illness. The literature that examines police decision-making amid these highly discretionary encounters has been primarily situated in post-positivist, quantitative methodologies focused on police perspectives. There is a dearth of research with the direct involvement of people living with serious mental illness that employs more advanced qualitative methodologies. The purpose of this study was to understand the lived experience of police encounters from the perspective of people living with serious mental illness through multi-level analysis of the interpersonal and structural contexts which underpin these encounters. This critical phenomenological study used interpretative phenomenological analysis as process. A sample of 16 adults were recruited using purposive and snowball sampling and completed semi-structured interviews. The findings reported two descriptive areas for participants—aspects of serious mental illness and contemplations of power. The findings also included the interpretive analysis organized around six themes that emerged regarding the lived experience of police encounters: (a) significant context, to include serious mental illness, was made invisible, (b) the carceral response to serious mental illness and interpersonal issues, (c) law enforcement’s power to force submission, (d) facets of escalation, (e) law enforcement encounters lacked essential care, and (f) law enforcement encounters served as a microcosm of the criminal legal system. The implications of the study’s findings on police encounters as they are currently framed in the largely post-positivist, quantitative body of research are discussed. In addition, the current wave of national police response models and reform are considered and connected to implications for social work practice. Finally, culminating in the findings’ implications for a growing edge of critical phenomenology that incorporates intersectionality and disciplinary power and the central role of an abolition feminist praxis at the nexus of mental health, crisis response, and collective care.

Inledning: Att som psykoterapeut arbeta med självmordsnära individer innebär ofta svåra utmaningar. Flera undersökningar har gjorts vad gäller hanterandet av och utökandet av kunskapen av självmordsnärhet. Trots detta, finns det begränsad forskning om psykoterapeuters egna erfarenheter och upplevelser att arbeta med självmordsnära, vilket är ett viktigt bidrag till den fortsatta kunskapen och forskningen om ämnet. Syfte: Att undersöka hur psykoterapeuter tänker och gör i sitt arbete med självmordsnära patienter. Metod: Fem psykoterapeuter intervjuades med en semistrukturerad intervju. Materialet analyserades med tematisk metod. Resultat: Arbetet med alliansens ansågs som viktig och avgörande i arbetet med de självmordsnära patienterna. Förutom att lyssna på patienten ansågs en fördjupning av frågorna kring självmordsfantasierna och dess funktion för patienten vara viktigt information för det fortsatta terapeutiska arbetet. Egen handledning och kollegor ansågs som viktiga skyddsfaktorer för psykoterapeuterna. Skillnaden mellan en eller flera kriser och hur pass svåra patientens livsomständigheter var påverkade bedömningen av självmordsnärhet. Även psykoterapeuternas egna oro diskuterades. Diskussion: Psykoterapeuterna ansåg att självmordsnära patienter är en svår patientgrupp att arbeta med. Det är viktigt att arbeta med den terapeutiska alliansen och stödstrukturer såsom kollegor och egen handledning är i princip nödvändigt. / Introduction: Working as a psychotherapist with suicidal individuals often involves difficult challenges. Several studies have been conducted regarding the management of and the expansion of knowledge about suicidal ideation. Despite this, there is limited research on psychotherapists' own experiences and experiences of working with suicidal patients, which is an important contribution to the continued knowledge and research on the subject. Aim: To investigate how psychotherapists think and act in their work with suicidal patients. Method: Five psychotherapists were interviewed in a semi-structured interview. The material was analyzed using a thematic method. Results: The work with the alliance was considered important and crucial in the work with the suicidal patients. In addition to listening to the patient, an in-depth study of the questions surrounding the suicidal fantasies and their function was considered important information for the psychotherapist continued therapeutic work. Supervision and colleagues were considered important protective factors for the psychotherapists. The difference between one or more crises and how difficult the patient's life circumstances were affected the assessment of suicide severity. The psychotherapists' own concerns were also discussed. Discussion: The psychotherapists considered that suicidal patients are a difficult group of patients to work with. It is important to work with the therapeutic alliance and support structures such as colleagues and personal supervision are in principle necessary.

The book is available in both German and English. It can be utilised in two ways: On one hand, it provides an exemplary application of a method developed by Olle Zandén for research in comparative music education, by which dialogue-like and musical-nonverbal “didactical encounters“ are transcribed into quantifiable codes. On the other hand, the book provides complete codes of eight multi-angle-videos recorded in seven countries, which have previously been published in 2018 within the book “Comparing International Music Lessons on Video“, edited by Christopher Wallbaum. These codes may be applied as a concrete handout; to be in turn compared with interpretations of national experts or interpretations conducted by the readers themselves.

Bakgrund: Inom akutsjukvård föreligger ofta stora medicinska behov hos patienter, där luftvägar, andning och cirkulation kräver noga kontroll. Samtidigt behöver patienter även bemötas ur ett helhetsperspektiv, där empati och respekt för situationens skörhet utgör två grundstenar. Sjuksköterskan är ansvarig för patientens omvårdnad som skakaraktäriseras av ett personcentrerat förhållningssätt där individen får utrymme att uttrycka sina behov. Idag står svensk akutsjukvård inför utmaningar med överbelastning, vilket resulterat i svårigheter att upprätthålla garantier för patientsäkerhet och bemötanden utifrån ett holistiskt förhållningssätt. Travelbees omvårdnadsteori grundas på interaktionen mellan sjuksköterska och patient, vilket således lämpar sig för studiens syfte som innefattar bemötande där kommunikationen är en central del. Syfte: Att undersöka patienters upplevelse av bemötandet från vårdpersonal inom svensk akutsjukvård.  Metod: En deskriptiv design med kvalitativ ansats användes för följande litteraturöversikt av elva artiklar.  Resultat: Ett huvudtema kunde kondenseras från resultatet: Ett gott bemötande inbegriper god information vilket innebär att kommunikationen speglar god kompetens bland personalen där individens behov står i centrum. Följaktligen presenteras tre kategorier, vilka är: vikten av information, betydelsen av kommunikation och kompetens samt se individen. Slutsats: Hur personal bemöter patienter inom akutsjukvård påverkar deras upplevelser av vård och personal. Genom att ta de aspekter som presenteras i resultatet i beaktning, har personal goda möjligheter att främja patienters upplevelser av vårdbesöket. / Background: In emergency care the patient is often in a great medical need where airways, breathing and circulation requires thorough observation. Simultaneously, patients need an encounter with a holistic perspective, where empathy and respect for the vulnerability of the situation are two elements. The nurse is responsible for the care of the patient, which is intended to be characterized by a person-centered approach, including room for the individual to express his or her needs. Today, Swedish emergency care is facing challenges regarding overload. It causes difficulties to ensure safety for the patient as well as an encounter with a holistic approach. Travelbee’s theory is rooted in the interaction between the registered nurse and patient, for which communication is central, and is thereby suitable for the objective of this study. Objective: To describe the experienced encounter with health care professionals in Swedish emergency care. Method: A descriptive design with qualitative approach was used in this literature review of eleven articles. Result: A synthesis emerged from the result: A good encounter includes information, in which the communication reflects competence of the health care professionals, and where the individual needs of the patients are at the center. Thus, three categories are presented: the importance of information, the meaning of communication and competence and seeing the individual. Conclusion: The way health care professionals encounter patients in emergency care, affects their experiences of care and personnel. Taking presented aspects of the result in consideration, staff have great possibilities to promote patients' experiences of health care encounters

No description available.

Learning, as embodied familiarization, is described as an embodied, non-representational, and non-mechanistic experience. Within this theoretical framework, a qualitative study is presented that offers a deeper understanding of the learner's encounter with unfamiliarity -- a key lived experience of embodied familiarization. Assertions related to encounters with unfamiliarity are made through a multiple case study analysis and a deeper understanding of the assertions is offered by way of a narrative-oriented framework. From this perspective, agentive, concernful, dispositional and meaningful aspects of learning are discernible.