Les romans libertins à figures se développent de façon remarquable au XVIIIe siècle. Selon les frères Goncourt, c’est « le siècle de la vignette ». L’avènement de cette mode de livres illustrés a modifié aussi bien les sensibilités esthétiques et les conditions matérielles de la lecture d’un récit de rouerie, que notre conception de la littérature libertine comme système de représentation, non plus exclusivement textuel, ou discursif, mais engageant un dialogue avec l’image. Il s’agit d’étudier ce dédoublement de la représentation, à travers les dispositifs qu’il met en œuvre, et en mobilisant ceux-ci comme une nouvelle méthode d’analyse du texte et de l’image dans les récits de rouerie libertine.On pourrait croire que les récits de rouerie libertine sont les plus éloignés de l’image, étant donné que la machination et la ruse nécessitent d’agir sous-main. Or notre analyse de la logique de l’image qui gouverne les dispositifs de la représentation dans le roman libertin des Lumières infirme cette hypothèse. Dans cette perspective, nous tenterons de compléter les études existantes sur la scène érotique ou intime, le regard et la théâtralité de la fiction classique, avec l’idée que, dans les récits de rouerie, la représentation de la machination libertine oscille entre deux stratégies : celle qui donne à voir et celle qui dérobe. / The libertine novels ornated with figures grew dramatically in the eighteenth century. According to Goncourt brothers it is “the century of the vignette”. The development of this genre of illustrated books changed, both aesthetic sensibility of the reader and the material conditions of reading a trick story, for our conception of libertine literature as a system of representation is no more exclusively textual nor discursive but triggers a dialogue with the image. The study of this duplication of representation is at stake, using the text-and-image devices it operates, as a new method to analyse their interconnection in the libertine trick stories. One could imagine such narratives are the most distant from the image, since the machination and trickery need to act covertly, whereas the logic of the image appears to be at the very heart of the operative devices of representation which govern the eighteenth century libertine novel. Following that scientific approach, we’ll try to complete the existing studies on poetics of the erotic or intimate scene, and how gazing and theatricality interact within classical fiction, with the hypothesis that, in the trick stories, the representation of the libertine plot faces two strategies: the one that lures with showing something and the other with concealing.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:33:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Karla Somogyi.pdf: 11668663 bytes, checksum: c4cb050865c7cdf3820798c94aac6099 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-04 / The present thesis has as main objective the study of linguistic-discursive mechanisms involved in establishing the discourse based on veiled sexualization of referents as well as humor in newspapers headlines, to understand more deeply the mechanism of construction of meaning in such texts. To this end, headlines expressing veiled eroticism or obscenity from the popular sensationalist newspaper Meia Hora, published during the Olympic Games of London 2012, were selected as corpus of analysis. The research is founded on the study of Preti (2010) about the discourse based on veiled sexualization and obscenities; on the methodology principles of the French school of Discourse Analysis developed by Maingueneau (2010, 2013), supported by Bakhtin (1992, 1997) and on the studies about human interaction by Grice (1982), Goffman (1967) Brown and Levinson (1987); on Ducrot's (1977, 1987) studies of Linguistic Semantics and on the theory developed by Raskin (1985, 1992) inserted into a new interactional social-cognitive perspective of Text Linguistics, that formulates the semantic-linguistic mechanism of humor. In the present work, we observe that the discourse of veiled sexualization and obscenities explores a semantic-linguistic resource that, at the same time, leads to laughter. This resource is based on the partnership between reader and newspaper, in a way that veiled obscenity and humor are explored in the elaboration of sensationalist headlines to recreate the notified facts, as a strategy to produce empathy and closeness, to please a particular readership who shares the same social values and has linguistic competence to take part in a playful usage of language / A presente dissertação tem por objetivo principal o estudo dos mecanismos linguístico-discursivos envolvidos na instauração do discurso da malícia e do humor nas manchetes jornalísticas, para a compreensão mais profunda do mecanismo de construção de sentido desses textos. Para tanto, foram selecionadas, como corpus de análise, as manchetes maliciosas do jornal popular sensacionalista Meia Hora, veiculadas no período dos Jogos Olímpicos de Londres em 2012. A pesquisa fundamenta-se no estudo de Preti (2010) sobre o discurso da malícia; nos princípios da metodologia da Análise do Discurso de linha francesa desenvolvidos por Maingueneau (2010, 2013), apoiado em Bakhtin (1992, 1997) e nos estudos sobre interação humana de Grice (1982), Goffman (1967) e Brown e Levinson (1987); na Semântica Linguística dos estudos de Ducrot (1977, 1987) e na teoria desenvolvida por Raskin (1985, 1991), inserida em uma perspectiva sociocognitiva interacional da Linguística Textual, que formula o mecanismo semântico-linguístico do humor. No presente trabalho observamos que o discurso da malícia dispõe de um expediente semântico-linguístico que, ao mesmo tempo, leva ao riso e baseia-se na cumplicidade entre leitor e jornal, de forma que a malícia e o humor são explorados na elaboração das manchetes sensacionalistas para recriar os fatos noticiados, como uma estratégia para produzir empatia, aproximação e agradar a um determinado público leitor, que partilha dos mesmos valores sociais e que tem competência linguística e cômica para participar de um jogo lúdico com a linguagem

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:59:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LCL - ANA PAULA DE OLIVEIRA PEREIRA.pdf: 597551 bytes, checksum: 51496d131dd80d5e1c655c81477e2bc2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10-31 / Acting on poetry, on prose and on drama through forty years, Hilda Hilst erected a singular discourse which thematic bases are God, Love and Death. The following assignment has as purpose to reflect and analyze the poetic constructions of the eroticism in the Hilstian poetry, according to the point of view of the literary criticism, considering the philosophy and the psychoanalysis contributions. The hypothesis that supports this research has its source in the knowledge of the philosopher Georges Bataille (continuity x being discontinuity) and leans on the mutual interweaving proposed by Octavio Paz (the eroticism as a bodily poetic , and the poetry as verbal erotic ). As a result, it was concluded that the Hilstian poetry carries out the fusion of eroticism and literary creation / Atuando na poesia, na prosa e no drama ao longo de quarenta anos, Hilda Hilst erigiu um discurso singular cujas bases temáticas são Deus, Amor e Morte. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo refletir e analisar as construções poéticas do erotismo na poesia hilstiana, à luz da crítica literária, considerando as contribuições da filosofia e da psicanálise. A hipótese que sustenta a pesquisa parte do entendimento do filósofo Georges Bataille (continuidade x descontinuidade do ser) e se apóia no mútuo entrelaçamento proposto por Octavio Paz (o erotismo como uma "poética corporal", e a poesia como "erótica verbal"). Concluiu-se que a poesia hilstiana realiza essa fusão entre erotismo e criação literária

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:59:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gisele Aparecida Ribeiro.pdf: 289603 bytes, checksum: b6279555307b6861f5086064a8da6af5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-05-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Base don the poetic writings of Álvares de Azevedo, this dissertation broaches the interfaces of eroticism, especially in the Lira dos Vinte Anos, whose lyric subject is configured from the Lira s duality itself. As there are different lyric subjects on Romantic poetics, we aim, with this study, at apprehending the manifestation of the poetic eroticism that passes over the previously selected poems, especially the poems Malva-Maçã , Meu Desejo and A Canção de D. Juan , whose composition uses the metaphoric resource to build a threefold manifestation of the lyric subject, in the duality expressed on the work s corpus. The study was divided in three chapters. The first one characterizes Romanticism as a literary school, as well as the manifestation of the romantic being, approaching the study of the lyric subject characterized by the duality Ariel x Caliban. The second chapter deals with eroticism, the way it shows up, the way the lyric subject represents it in writing. The third chapter describes the poetic analysis of eroticism as shown up in the Lira s poems. Finally, eroticism is configured in the work by an impetuous love desire of the lyric subject, which creates a new place where the imaginary and the real blend together in a perfect harmony, whose metaphor is able to promote a new environment, which can bear the imaginary (the I ) and the real (the other ), showing that the romantic eroticism treats more than a human manifestation; it is a manifestation of the lyric subject s intimacy that, as it perceives itself in the world, sings its loving feelings as it looks at the loved being / À luz da escritura poética azevediana, a presente dissertação aborda as interfaces do erotismo, em especial, na Lira dos Vinte Anos, cujo eu-lírico configura-se a partir da própria dualidade da Lira. Tendo em vista a existência de eu-líricos diferenciados na poética romântica, visamos com este estudo, então, apreender a manifestação do erotismo poético que perpassa os poemas previamente selecionados, em especial nos poemas Malva-Maçã , Meu Desejo e A Canção de D. Juan , cuja composição faz uso do recurso metafórico para construir uma tríplice manifestação do eu-lírico, na dualidade expressada no corpus da obra. O estudo foi dividido em três capítulos, sendo que o primeiro fará um levantamento do Romantismo, enquanto escola literária, bem como a manifestação do ser romântico, abordando o estudo do eu-lírico caracterizado pela dualidade de Ariel X Caliban. O segundo capítulo tratará do erotismo, do modo como se manifesta, do modo como o eu-lírico o representa em sua escritura. O terceiro capítulo destacará a análise poética do erotismo manifestado nos poemas da Lira. Finalmente, o erotismo configura-se na obra, por um ímpeto desejo amoroso do eu-lírico, que cria um novo lugar, no qual o imaginário e o real se fundem numa perfeita harmonia, cuja metáfora utilizada é capaz de promover um novo ambiente, capaz de comportar o imaginário (eu) e o real (outro), de modo a evidenciar que o erotismo-romântico é mais que uma manifestação humana, é uma manifestação do íntimo do eu-lírico que, ao perceber-se no mundo, canta os seus sentimentos amorosos ao observar a amada

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T16:27:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Vivianne.pdf: 3569255 bytes, checksum: 8a7df9e86f8e75d01eea3c195bc102de (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-11-01 / This dissertation was developed to the effect to discuss the relations establish and noticed at the present time, between fashion photography and eroticism. Resumedly proposes the analysis of Sisley s advertising campaign, with focus in the importance and meaning of such cultural expressions for the establishment of its identity before its consumers. / Esta dissertação foi desenvolvida com o propósito de discutir as relações, estabelecidas e percebidas na contemporaneidade, entre a fotografia de moda e o erotismo. Mais detidamente propõe a análise das campanhas publicitárias da marca Sisley, com foco na importância e significado de tais expressões culturais para o estabelecimento de sua identidade perante seus consumidores.

À mi-chemin entre un café, un jardin d’agrément, un bal et une scène théâtrale, les cafés-concerts et les music-halls représentent les divertissements les plus importants du XIXe siècle. Espaces spectaculaires qui accueillent des sociabilités hétérogènes et qui combinent une double fonction artistique et festive, l’identité socioculturelle de ces nouveaux loisirs s’est d’abord élaborée par opposition au statut du lieu d’art. Le postulat de la rareté des répertoires et des artistes issus des cafés-concerts et des music-halls dans l’historiographie des arts scéniques, et dans la transmission des savoirs en danse, nous a conduits à enquêter sur les raisons et les enjeux de cette mise à l’écart. « Lieux dangereux et vulgaires », « spectacles immoraux », « artistes insipides », sont les expressions symptomatiques d’une perception négative fondée sur un ensemble idéologique qui concourt à dessiner les contours d’une illégitimité culturelle. Une première étape de la recherche vise à analyser les principes de distinction sociale et de hiérarchisation artistique en œuvre dans le processus de délégitimation des cafés-concerts et des music-halls, en puisant dans les sources produites par les institutions en charge du contrôle des spectacles au XIXe siècle. Catégorisés en tant qu’objets populaires, les arguments déployés par les instances administratives et la police des théâtres révèlent en premier lieu le fondement d’une idéologie de classe, focalisée sur les origines prétendues populaires de ces divertissements. Entre le Second Empire et la Troisième République, l’histoire des cafés-concerts et des music-halls est traversée par un phénomène de féminisation qui bouleverse les pratiques et les représentations associées à ces espaces et participe à resémantiser leurs premières attributions sociales et symboliques. La seconde phase de ce travail s’intéresse aux effets d’un processus qui interagit sur les plans socioculturel, professionnel et symbolique par une présence féminine érotisée et qui tend à bâtir la catégorie du divertissement comme appartenant au genre féminin. Afin d’interroger les échanges entre altérités féminines et corporéités populaires sur les scènes des cafés-concerts et des music-halls durant la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle, la thèse mobilise deux catégories d’artistes féminines — les effeuilleuses et les danseuses de chahut-cancan — réunies autour d’un geste scénique et érotique commun : le déshabillage. L’étude de ce geste ouvre un troisième champ de questionnements sur les rapports entre l’érotique et l’illégitime dans les pratiques professionnelles de femmes qui exercent un métier artistique au sein d’un lieu spectaculaire à la fois déconsidéré et hautement érotisé. À travers les différentes étapes qui jalonnent cette recherche, la réflexion cherche à rendre compte de l’impact du déshabillage érotique sur la sensibilité d’une époque, sur le statut social des femmes, mais également sur les mouvements internes de professionnalisation des artistes de café-concert et de music-hall au XIXe siècle, et plus globalement, sur l’héritage historiographique de ces divertissements. / Halfway between a café, a pleasure garden, a ball and a theatrical stage, café-concert and music hall are the main entertainment places in the 19th century. Spectacular spaces that welcome heterogeneous sociability and combine a dual artistic and festive function, the socio-cultural identity of these new leisure activities was first developed as opposed to the status of the art place. The postulate of the rarity of repertoires and artists from café-concert and music hall in the historiography of performing arts, and in the transmission of knowledge in dance, has led us to investigate the reasons of this exclusion and the issues at stake. "Dangerous and vulgar places", "immoral performances", "insipid artists", are symptomatic expressions of a negative perception based on an ideological set that contributes to drawing the contours of cultural illegitimacy. The first stage of the research consists in analysing the principles of social distinction and artistic hierarchy in the process of delegitimization of café-concert and music hall, based on the sources from the institutions responsible for controlling 19th century performances. Categorized as popular objects, the arguments put forward by the administrative authorities and the theatre police reveal first and foremost the basis of a class ideology, focused on the supposedly popular origins of these entertainments. Between the Second Empire and the Third Republic, the history of café-concert and music hall was marked by a phenomenon of feminization that disrupted the practices and representations associated with these places and helped to redefine their first social and symbolic attributions. The second stage of this work focuses on the effects of a process that interacts socioculturally, professionally and symbolically through an eroticized female presence, and that tends to build the entertainment category as belonging to the female gender. In order to question the exchanges between female otherness and popular corporealities on the stages of café-concert and music hall during the second half of the 19th century, the thesis focuses on two categories of female artists — the effeuilleuse (strippers) and the chahut-cancan dancers — gathered around a common scenic and erotic gesture: undressing.

Cette dissertation traite la danse comme une catégorie d’analyse permettant de réorienter ou de ré-chorégraphier les théories postcoloniales du corps. Mon étude montre qu’ Edward Said, par exemple, décrit la danse seulement à travers le regard impérial, et que Homi Bhabha et Gayatri Spivak négligent complètement le rôle de la dance dans la construction de la subjectivité postcoloniale. Mon étude explique que Stavros Karayanni récemment explore la danse masculine et féminine comme espaces de résistance contre la domination coloniale. Toutefois, l’analyse de Karayanni met l’accent seulement sur le caractère insaisissable de la danse qui produit une ambigüité et une ambivalence dans le regard du sujet impériale. Contrairement aux approches de Said et de Karayanni, ma dissertation explore la danse comme un espace ou le corps du sujet colonisé chorégraphie son histoire collective que l’amnésie coloniale ne cesse de défigurer au moyen de l’acculturation et de marchandisation. Je soutiens que la danse nous offre la possibilité de concevoir le corps colonisé non seulement dans son ambiguïté, comme le souligne Karayanni, mais aussi dans son potentiel de raconter corporellement sa mémoire collective de l’intérieur de la domination impériale. Ma dissertation soutient que les catégories de l’ambiguïté et de l’insaisissabilité mystifient et fétichisent le corps dansant en le décrivant comme un élément évasif et évanescent. Ma dissertation inclut plusieurs traditions culturelles de manière à réorienter la recherche ethnographique qui décrit la dance comme articulation codée par une culture postcoloniale spécifique. Mon étude montre comment le corps colonisé produit un savoir culturel à partir de sa différence. Cette forme de savoir corporelle présente le corps colonisé en tant que sujet et non seulement objet du désir colonial. Méthodologiquement, cette dissertation rassemble des théories occidentales et autochtones de la danse. Mon étude considère aussi les théories postcoloniales du corps dansant à partir des perspectives hétérosexuelles et homosexuelles. En outre, mon étude examine les manières dont les quelles les théories contemporaines de la danse, postulées par Susan Foster et André Lepecki par exemple, peuvent être pertinentes dans le contexte postcolonial. Mon étude explore également le potentiel politique de l’érotique dans la danse à travers des représentations textuelles et cinématographiques du corps. L’introduction de ma dissertation a trois objectifs. Premièrement, elle offre un aperçu sur les théories postcoloniales du corps. Deuxièmement, elle explique les manières dans lesquelles on peut appliquer des philosophies contemporaines de la danse dans le contexte postcoloniale. Troisièmement, l’introduction analyse le rôle de la dance dans les œuvres des écrivains postcoloniales célèbres tels que Frantz Fanon, Wole Soyinka, Arundhati Roy, et Wilson Harris. Le Chapitre un remet en question les théories de l’ambiguïté et de l’insaisissabilité de la danse à partir de la théorie de l’érotique postulé par Audre Lorde. Ce chapitre examine le concept de l’érotique dans le film Dunia de Jocelyne Saab. Le Chapitre deux ouvre un dialogue entre les théories occidentales et autochtones de la danse à partir d’une étude d’un roman de Tomson Highway. Le Chapitre trois examine comment l’écrivain Trinidadien Earl Lovelace utilise la danse de carnaval comme espace culturel qui reflète l’homogénéité raciale et l’idéologie nationaliste à Trinidad et en les remettant également en question. / Classical texts of postcolonial theory rarely address the embodied expression of dance as they examine the colonial body only through the imperial discourses about the Orient (Said), the construction of the Subaltern subject (Spivak), and the ambivalent desire of the colonial gaze (Bhabha). The Cyprian theorist and dancer Stavros Stavrou Karayanni has emphasised the centrality of dance as a key category of analysis through which discourses of resistance can be articulated from the perspective of the colonial heterosexual and queer body. However, Karayanni adopts the psychoanalytic method according to which the dancing body of the colonised subject has an ambivalent effect upon the Western traveller and / or coloniser who both desires and derides this body. In contrast to this approach, my study examines dance as a space in which the colonial body choreographs its collective history which colonial amnesia suppresses so as to de-historicise colonised subjects and disfigure their cultures. Departing from Frantz Fanon’s emphasis on the relevance of dance in colonial studies, I argue that the colonial body choreographs its collective memories in dance and prompts us to rethink hegemonic discourses of postcolonial identity formation that revolve around ambivalence and elusiveness. I borrow the notion of “choreographing history” from the Western contemporary discipline of dance studies which has integrated cultural studies since mid 1980s and influenced postcolonial inquiry of dance over the last decade. I include various cultural traditions in my project so as to re-direct today’s predominantly ethnographic research which describes dance as an encoded articulation of culture in specific postcolonial societies. I also include different cultural traditions to show that while choreographing silenced memories in various historical experiences of colonial violence, the dancing body allows us to construct discourses of resistance in ways that postcolonial theory has not addressed before. The re-choreography of postcolonial theories of the body, as developed in this dissertation, articulates an ethical imperative because it shows how the subaltern body not only choreographs memories that colonial amnesia silences but also produces cultural knowledge with a difference. Methodologically, this study brings together Western and indigenous theories of dance as well as postcolonial theories of the dancing body from both heterosexual and queer perspectives. My study discusses Susan Foster and André Lepecki’s contemporary theories of dance and the body in the context of postcolonial theories of Oriental dance and eroticism. It also examines the socially and politically transformative potential of the erotic in dance through textual and cinematic representations of the body. My study equally opens a dialogue between Western and indigenous theories of dance in the context of Canadian indigenous literary work of Tomson Highway. A critical examination of Trinidad Carnival and Calypso in a novel by Earl Lovelace demonstrates that dance is a central paradigm of analysis for a postcolonial critique of the body and the categories of identity that inscribe it.

Nossa pesquisa analisa, por meio da leitura e posterior comparação das narrativas, a confluência temática do erotismo, nos contos “Felicidade Clandestina” e “As Águas do Mundo”, da obra Felicidade Clandestina (lançada em 1971), de Clarice Lispector, e nos contos “As cerejas”, narrativa componente da obra Seleta (publicada em 1971) e “O Menino”, publicado na obra O Cacto Vermelho (de 1949, sendo posteriormente incluído em Antes do Baile Verde, de 1970), de Lygia Fagundes Telles. A intenção é relacionar o erotismo ao desnudamento do universo das personagens femininas, sondando, nas referidas obras, o modo pelo qual se esculpe essa sexualidade e recorrendo-se, para isso, à análise da linguagem - ou linguagens - utilizada. Ademais, pretendemos investigar o processo de busca de asserção de identidade das personagens femininas, demonstrando a relevância do erotismo para a evolução do enredo das obras analisadas e para o desenvolvimento do perfil dos personagens, apontando a temática como um dos mecanismos de melhor compreensão da condição feminina e da própria existência humana. Para a consecução dos objetivos apresentados, valemo-nos de uma pesquisa de caráter reflexivo e bibliográfico, tratando de um estudo interpretativo do texto literário, a partir de conhecimentos estruturados sobre o gênero conto e a temática do erotismo. / Our research analyzes, through the reading and later comparison of the narratives, the thematic confluence of eroticism, in the short stories “Felicidade Clandestina” and “As Águas do Mundo” the literary work of Felicidade Clandestina (launched in 1971), by Clarice Lispector, and in the short stories “As cerejas”, of the literary work Seleta (launched in 1971), and “O Menino”, published in the literary work O Cacto Vermelho (from 1949, and later included in Antes do Baile Verde, from 1970), by Lygia Fagundes Telles. The intention is to relate the eroticism to the uncovered of the universe of female characters, probing, in these works, the way by which if sculpts the feminine sexuality, using, for this reason, the analysis of language - or languages - used. In addition, we want to investigate the search process of identity assertion of female characters, demonstrating the relevance of eroticism for evolution of the plot of the investigated works and for the development of the profile of the characters, pointing the theme as one of the mechanisms for better understanding of the condition of women and of human existence itself. In order to achieve the objectives presented, we use a research of a reflexive and bibliographical nature, dealing with an interpretative study of the literary text, originating from structured knowledge about the genre short story and the theme of eroticism. / Dissertação (Mestrado)

Throughout the ages historical text criticism has been used to study texts of ancient authors of Christian ethical values. Two such persons were Paul the apostle and John Chrysostom. This study shows that text historical criticism is not without problems. The problem lays not so much in the idea of historical text criticism, but how it was and is still being applied today, it is never without bias. This use of the texts of Paul and Chrysostom who were both very outspoken on the subject of sexuality has caused great amounts of emotional and in cases also physical pain to people who misapplied historical text criticism and as Martin and others have effectively shown, any such interpretation of text that has a intention to hurt people cannot be the right method. Ancient sexuality worked and was constructed completely different from the sexuality of modernity. The way gender was appropriated in ancient times, the way sexuality was construed and applied were set against a wholly different context and set of rules than that of the current day. This becomes clear in Roman and Hellenistic sexuality that is discussed in detail in this study. Unlike modern times, the ancients did not have a simplistic two-sex model that was based on biological sex, in their world, one’s actions determined one’s sex. Both Paul and Chrysostom were very well educated people, they were aware of philosophic thought in their day and took these thoughts into account whilst saying and writing what they did. Paul was at heart a dedicated Pharisee who only later turned toward Christianity. He was well acquainted with Jewish sexual ethics; he had an absolute repulsion towards any form of desire, which he believed led to many other sins. His writings available to us should not be seen as biographies but as letters intended to be arguments with very good rhetoric and diatribe, written with the goal of achieving to convince the receiver or listener. He was extremely conservative in his viewpoint on sex, if he could have had his way, no sexual contact between any person would have existed, but he realised that not everybody had the same gifts he had. This point of view was mostly because of his eschatological worldview, for Paul when you became a Christian you became a slave of God and you were no longer a slave of any passions, so much the more, the passions of the flesh. Chrysostom, who lived almost four hundred years later, had a great veneration for Paul. He basically shared all Paul’s views on sexuality, although not always for the same reasons. Chrysostom was however, in his way also eschatological. His life, like that of Paul was caught up in many confrontations, which had an influence on the way he thought and the things he had opinions on. Chrysostom, like Paul preferred the ascetic lifestyle not only for himself but for everyone, he believed that marriage accompanied death–both spiritual and physical in the end. He so much clang to the ideas of Paul, that a sort of “Paulism” developed. Chrysostom, however noble his sayings might come across did not always have the purest of motive, some of the things he did or say was to achieve a certain political goal, even if it was just to gain more power for the church. This is one aspect that should be kept in mind when studying his texts. Unfortunately, for many people, many misinterpretations, be it willingly/intentionally, many mistranslations of key words on the Bible (like the word malakos) have been made. What so ever the intention–be it to propagate popular social sexual propaganda, or whatever–this is and was not right. Like mentioned many people has experience hurt because of this. Rhetorical text analysis is being set forward as an alternative to historical text criticism in a slight but hopeful effort to overcome this problem and enable the churches of today to welcome many more Christians into their families. / Biblical and Ancient Studies / M. Bib. (New Testament)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-03-04Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:44:17Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 reguera_nma_dr_sjrp.pdf: 950992 bytes, checksum: 719859089ecf5c85a2a77e40de901c12 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Investiga-se em que medida em Fluxo-floema, de Hilda Hilst, delinear-se-ia um movimento de oscilação que tanto colocaria em cena a tradição moderna de que a autora foi herdeira quanto a problematizaria. Ao convocar os seus interlocutores e ao estabelecer um contato peculiar, Hilst se valeria de um tipo de escritura ambivalente, que toca em polos opostos sem, contudo, a eles aderir. Assim, em Fluxo-floema se enredaria uma verbalização acerca do contexto ditatorial — o que poderia favorecer na relação entre texto e contexto o diálogo com um tipo de texto predominante à época —, ao mesmo tempo em que se fariam presentes a ironia e um humor característico da autora, os quais abalariam essa perspectiva e indiciariam o narrar em sua paradoxal (im)possibilidade. Nos cinco textos que compõem a obra, ao se focalizar o narrador-personagem — sujeitos que se veem diante do narrar, em uma saga irônica ou perturbadoramente defectiva — problematizar-se-ia, à luz da herança moderna e do questionamento de suas utopias, o olhar em relação ao expressar artístico e ao lugar que ao criador/artista supostamente caberia, especialmente em fins do século XX, num contexto opressor. Nesse pendulear ou nesse jogo da língua, com a língua, imperaria o caráter performático do que se apresenta, o qual permitiria, inclusive, observar, entre a aproximação e o distanciamento, o linguajar ostentado da autora e os elementos biográficos como estratégias que seduziriam ou, até mesmo, ―violentariam‖ os seus espectadores / This doctoral dissertation examines the extent to which Hilda Hilst‘s Fluxo-Floema exhibits an oscillation that both brings the modernist tradition, of which the author was an heiress, into light, while simultaneously calling it into question. In dialoguing with her readers and establishing a peculiar type of contact, Hilst makes use of ambivalent writing capable of touching opposite poles without, however, adhering to them. In Fluxo-Floema, a verbalization about the Brazilian dictatorial context takes place, which could favor, in the relationship between text and context, a dialogue with a type of text prevalent at that time. At the same time, however, the author‘s irony and unique humor would make themselves present by disturbing said verbalization and presenting narration as a paradoxical (im)possibility. In the five texts which compose the work, the focus on the character narrators — individuals who are faced with the act of narrating in ironic, or disturbingly defective sagas — problematizes, in the light both of the modernist heritage and the questioning of its utopias, the gaze towards artistic expression and the place in which the artist/creator is supposed to belong, especially in the late twentieth century, in an oppressive context. In this pendulating state (or the play in or with language) a performatic condition reigns, by allowing the observance, in between approximation and detachment, of the author‘s boastful speech and the ―biographical‖ elements as strategies that could seduce or even ―violate‖ her reading audience