This research aimed to understand how students between 15-19 years at Lagaholm School and Osbeck High School experience safety and security at their schools and how they experience the impact of external events on the perception of safety and security. To investigate this, the following research questions were asked: How do students experience the situation of safety and security at their schools? How do students experience that external events impact their sense of safety and security? What conclusions can be made from the experiences and factors that emerge? The third research question is primarily answered by the researcher’s conclusions and reflections from the empirical evidence that emerges from the first two research questions. As the ambition of the research was to evolve a deeper understanding of students’ perception of safety and security, the empirical collection was based on seven semi-structured interviews with students from each school. Three were students at Lagaholm School and four at Osbeck High School. The study’s theoretical framework consisted of Anthony Giddens’s (1996) theory of Ontological Security and Ulrich Beck’s (2012) theory of the Risk Society. Sustainable Development Goal 4: Quality Education, and Goal 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions were also included in the theoretical framework to provide a further understanding of the connection between the global and local context.   The results show that students at Lagaholm School perceived their school as less safe and secure than students at Osbeck High School perceived their school. In terms of what impacted the students’ sense of safety and security at school, patterns emerged of: age, maturity, knowledge of safety and security measures, teachers’ presence and consideration for students. Further, awareness and proximity in time, distance, and emotions proved to be relevant for what affected the feeling of safety and security in relation to external events. This became clear when events that took place in the near future and in Sweden or Laholm affected more than events that took place in other countries.

The purpose of this study is to explore which methods are used for knowledge transfer between recurring event projects, in different physical locations. The study also examines the different roles the project organization and the permanent organization take in these processes. The theoretical basis is previous research on knowledge transfer, projects and event projects. The study is using a qualitative method and studied three Swedish sport events (O-Ringen, 25manna and Tiomila). The data was collected through five semi-structured interviews. During the data processing, various themes and categories were coded, and a content analysis of the event's documentation was carried out. The results show that there are both similarities and differences between the knowledge transfer process in all three events. The events all have a similar method for knowledge transfer, but the balance between process, technology and people differs. This study also shows differences between the event projects and the permanent organizations, based on the various motives and long-term perspective the different organizations have. Finally, a new model for knowledge transfer is presented, based on both the theories and the findings of the study. / Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka metoder som används för kunskapsöverföring mellan projekt på olika fysiska platser, i form av evenemang. Dessutom undersöks vilka roller som projektorganisationen respektive årsövergripande organisation tar i dessa processer. Den teoretiska grunden utgår från tidigare forskning kring kunskapsöverföring, projekt och evenemangsprojekt. Studien har använt ett kvalitativt tillvägagångssätt och studerar tre svenska idrottsevenemang. Den primära datan samlades in genom fem semistrukturerade intervjuer, dessutom gjordes en innehållsanalys av dokumentation från evenemangen. Databehandlingen utgick från teman och kategorier som kodades. Resultatet från intervjuerna visar både på likheter och skillnader i metoder för kunskapsöverföring hos de tre studerade evenemangen. Alla tre evenemang har en liknande metod för kunskapsöverföring, men balansen mellan processer, teknologi och människor skiljer sig. Skillnader finns även mellan evenemangsprojekten och de årsövergripande organisationerna, utifrån de olika motiv och långsiktighet som organisationerna har. Till sist presenteras en egen modell för kunskapsöverföring utifrån teorier och studiens resultat.

Research from the international business field have demonstrated that firms operating both in domestic and foreign markets have a greater exposition to market turbulences and disturbances. The literature has established that dynamism, flexibility and agility are crucial capabilities. In fact, firms displaying the previously listed capabilities have a greater chance to survive to turbulent and disturbing market events. Given the current Covid-19 crisis impacting the global market, this paper is further justified by the need for diverse and deeper research on how firms develop so-called “resilience” to survive to disruptive events such as the current pandemic. Furthermore, Business Model Innovation is proposed by the literature as a way to build that organizational resilience. Especially, the adaptation of the Business Model to a more Digital Business Model. The literature presented Digital Business Model as a way for firms to build flexibility and agility capabilities. More specifically, the study aims to analyze how Swedish international manufacturing SMEs develop organizational resilience. Thanks to the four semistructured interviews carried out with four top manager part of Swedish international manufacturing SMEs, this qualitative study has been able to answer the given research question: “How can international manufacturing SMEs develop resilience through adapting a digital business model in order to survive during disruptive market changes?” The primary and secondary data were collected and analyzed according to the constructed conceptual framework. In conclusion, it can be noticed that the findings, based on empirical data, are aligned with the literature and demonstrate that in order to navigate in those turbulent international market environments firms need have a flexible and agile organizational structure. Furthermore, those findings highlight that the implementation of a Digital Business Model enables firms to develop that flexibility and agility, therefore leading to organizational resilience. However, surprisingly, the data shows that if most of the firms did implement Digital Business Model, those Business Model Innovation are not permanent but rather temporary.

This paper describes the process of evaluating an audience engagement tool developed by a company called Stagecast. It is evaluated using the system usability scale, which is a common and simple way of measuring the usability of an application. The process starts with developing a feedback moment for the application that includes questions from the system usability scale. The application is then first tested in a laboratory setting with the feedback moment launched after an event, and second, it is tested in a real live event. The results in this paper indicate that the overall satisfaction with the Stagecast application was average, based on scoring of previous usability tests, with a score of 65.96 for the SMASK live event, though the participation in the feedback moment was limited. / Den här rapporten beskriver processen för utvärderandet av en produkt för att engagera publiken under live event som utvecklats av företaget Stagecast. Produkten är utvärderad med hjälp av system usability scale (SUS), vilket är ett vanligt och simpelt sätt att mäta användarvänlighet för applikationer. Processen börjar med att utveckla en feedback moment för applikationen som innehåller frågor från system usability scale. Applikationen är sedan testad i en studio där feedbackmoment lanseras efter eventet. Steg nummer två är att lansera feedbackmoment efter ett live event. Resultaten i den här rapporten indikerar att generella tillfredsställelsen med Stagecast applikationen var medel, baserat på en sammanställning av tidigare undersökningar med SUS. Poängen blev 65.96 för SMASK eventet, men deltagandet i feedbackmoment var begränsat.

När någon blir sjuk händer något i kroppen som vi till en början inte kan se. Något främmande börjar växa och det sjuka vill sakta men säkert ta över det friska. I de fall vi inte kan stoppa det sjuka, växer det och tar över tills inget av det friska längre orkar leva kvar. Det här projektet handlar om ett sätt att illustrera ett förlopp av den mänskliga skörheten och hur det kan gå till med en inredningsarkitekt och möbeldesigners verktyg. Möbeln har blivit en metafor för kroppen och det sjuka och det friska symboliseras av två olika material, trä och metall. Bit för bit sker en visuell förändring där det ena materialet stilla ersätter det andra. I projektet har jag som inredningsarkitekt och möbeldesigner undersökt materialmöten, förlopp och hur en serie möbler kan berätta en historia. Jag har använt mig av en metod som jag har utvecklat under arbetets gång, där jag utan att fokusera på resultatet, gång på gång låtit ett material ta över ett annat och utgått ifrån ett objekt för att sedan göra små förskjutningar och förändringar för varje ny möbel jag bygger. Med den här metoden har resultatet inte varit det viktiga utan processen i sig. Att arbeta iterativt genom att gång på gång låta ett material ta över ett annat i en experimentell process har gjort att jag kunnat släppa fokus på resultatet och istället kunnat arbeta fritt i en kreativ process. / When someone gets sick, something happens in the body that we can't see at first. Something foreign starts to grow and the sick wants to slowly but surely take over the healthy. In cases where we cannot stop the sick, it grows and takes over until none of the healthy can survive. This project is about a way to illustrate a course of human frailty and how it can be done with the tools of an interior designer and furniture designer. The furniture has become a metaphor for the body and the sick and the healthy are symbolized by two different materials, wood and metal. Piece by piece, a visual change takes place where one material quietly replaces the other. In the project, as an interior architect and furniture designer, I have investigated material meetings, processes and how a series of furniture can tell a story. I have used a method that I have developed during the work, where without focusing on the result, time and time again I let one material take over another and started from an object and then make small shifts and changes for each new piece of furniture I'm building. With this method, the result has not been the important thing, but the process itself. Working iteratively by repeatedly letting one material take over another in an experimental process has allowed me to let go of the focus on the result and instead work freely in a creative process.

The relatively recent developments in AI have caused a lot of discussions surrounding security and privacy, and a consistent theme throughout these discussions have been how privacy as a political and legal term have developed in response. While this isn't necessarily a new phenomenon – privacy concerns have been around since the 19th century when Warren and Brandeis published their seminal paper – the development of AI has marked a new period where privacy has become a socio-political issue. The development of AI also have happened concurrently with changes in governmental paradigms, which makes this relevant albeit possibly difficult to interpret. That makes communicative events – the AI strategies, privacy regulations and news articles – important empirical material for the study. The study's main purpose will be to study how three selected countries - and the practices within them – have shaped their respective artifical intelligence strategies through privacy regulations. This is an important question to ask when changes in organizational ideology have occurred and resulted in New Public Management – an ideology more friendly towards corporations than its 1950s-70s predecessor, when AI was in its infancy. For the purpose of this paper the term artificial intelligence will refer to computer programs and systems on the software level; they are interently dealing with data as a part of their function. And the computer does not check the security and privacy-related implications for the data use unless the programmer specifically makes the artificial intelligence do so; and there are many cases where that would be difficult. The countries chosen for the paper – the United Kingdom, Sweden and Estonia – were selected partly because they are democratic countries, but also partly due to their different stances on artificial intelligence, history and governance methods. These three do share some unifying aspects, such as all being European countries and signatories of the EU's GDPR treaty. The resulting comparision illustrates that differences between the three countries' existing practices do affect how AI strategies and regulations are formed – an important consideration in an environment where privacy has become an intense topic of debate.

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Recent research following mass shooting events has examined those individuals directly affected by the violence and the impact of the shooting on the whole community. This chapter reviews literature regarding the prevalence of adjustment difficulties among individuals in mass‐shooting‐ affected communities. Emerging research supports that a number of individuals with less severe or even no direct exposure to a mass shooting event may experience adjustment difficulties, including anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and, further, that chronic adjustment difficulties can develop. The chapter discusses predictors of adjustment difficulties following mass shootings including the role of preshooting vulnerability, shooting‐related exposure and loss, and postshooting experiences. It considers the possibility that mass shooting events may represent opportunities for positive changes in individuals’ functioning. Finally, the chapter explores research regarding how the community itself may be altered by a mass shooting including changes in community solidarity, identity, and sense of safety within the community.

Literacy proficiency is critical for success both in and out of school; yet adolescent English language learners (ELLs) are not performing at the level of their English-speaking peers. This qualitative study focused on ways in which one successful high-school teacher facilitated literacy events as a way to provide language and literacy support for these students. The findings describe the actions of the teacher, the affordances made by these actions, and how the students took up those affordances. Teacher actions included creating a safe and comfortable atmosphere, following a routine, and participating in sharing activities. Affordances included opportunities for using vocabulary and language structures, developing and expressing ideas, and reflecting on meaning of texts. Student actions included various forms of engagement in the activities and content such as speaking up during sharing activities, showing interest in what other students had to say, and not wanting the activities to end. This study helps to inform educators of the potential of literacy events to support both language and literacy development for adolescent ELLs.

Vår vana av att ha möjlighet att besöka evenemang fick ett plötsligt avbrott i och med spridningen av Covid-19 och dess restriktioner som infördes. Vidare har Covid-19 viruset bidragit till rädsla, polarisering, isolering, restriktioner och dödsfall. Evenemangsbranschen var minst sagt hårt drabbad och många aktörer stod inför beslutet av att ställa in sina planerade evenemang eller hitta nya sätt för att överleva krisen. Pandemin tvingade fram andra lösningar, såsom digitalisering och livestreaming av evenemang, vilket kan ha resulterat i att fler och nya deltagare kan delta vid evenemang under Covid-19, men även på lång sikt efter pandemin. Ur ett innovationsperspektiv kan en kris som pandemin vara något positivt genom att öppna upp för nya perspektiv och lösningar, där den brådskande känslan som krisen frambringar leder till en nödvändighet av förändring. Av pandemins erfarenheter, vet vi att vi lever i en föränderlig värld och det kan vara svårt att spekulera i om Covid-19 kommer tillbaka eller inte. Av den anledning fyller den här studien viktig kunskap för yrkesverksamma i evenemangssektorn inom risk management. För att eventarrangörer ska fortsätta erbjuda sina evenemangstjänster behöver de hitta nya strategier för att genomföra evenemang på ett ansvarsfullt och säkert sätt som går i enlighet med den nya normaliteten kring Covid-19. Vilka lärdomar kommer man att ta vara på efter pandemin och vilka innovationer har skapats, påskyndats eller gjorts om i följd av krisen. Denna uppsats är skriven på svenska. / Our habit of being able to attend events was interrupted abruptly by the spread of Covid-19 and its restrictions. Furthermore, the Covid-19 virus has contributed to fear, polarization, isolation, restrictions and death. The events industry was greatly affected, and many organizations were faced with the decision to cancel their scheduled events or find new ways to survive the crisis. Other solutions had to be made during the pandemic, such as digitization and live streaming of events, which may have opened up for more and new participants in the long term even after Covid-19. From an innovation perspective, a crisis such as the pandemic can be something positive that opens up new perspectives and solutions, where the urgent feeling that the crisis produces leads to a necessity for change. From the experience of the pandemic, we know that we live in a changing world, and it can be difficult to speculate whether Covid-19 will return or not. For this reason, this study fills important knowledge for professionals in the event sector in risk management. In order to organize events, it will continue to offer its event services that need to find new strategies for conducting events in a responsible and safe manner that is in line with the new normality surrounding Covid-19. What lessons will be learned after the pandemic and what innovations have been created, accelerated or redone as a result of the crisis. This study will be written in Swedish.