Syftet med studien var att undersöka studenters stressnivå genom attstudera huruvida olika examinationsformer kan leda till olikastresstyp, prestationsmotivation och upplevd stress. Metoden somgenomfördes var en enkätundersökning där man undersökte hurstudenter upplevde nivån av stress och prestationsmotovation inför treolika examinationstyper; salstentamen, hemtentamen och muntligpresentation. I studien deltog 112 universitetsstudenter, 87 kvinnoroch 25 män. Hypoteserna var att hemtentamen genererar lägst stressmen även minst positiva effekter, medan det omvända gäller försalstentamen. Resultatet visade att studenter upplever inge skillnad pånivån av stress gentemot examinationsformerna, de upplever ingenskillnad av stresstyp emellan examinationsformerna samt att det inteförekom könsskillnader. / A cross-sectional study based on a survey was handed out to studentsat a university in a Swedish city. The purpose of the study was toinvestigate the stress levels of students by examining whetherdifferent forms of examination could lead to differenteffects;specifically, achievement motivation and experienced stress.The survey questions investigated how students felt regarding stresslevels and symptoms in relation to exam types. Our hypotheses werethat take-home written exams would result in lower stress levels butalso lead to less motivation, whereas the opposite would be true forwritten exams during observation. The study showed that studentsdon’t experience any difference in the level of stress towards theexaminations types. The result also showed that the type of stress,achievement motivation and experienced stress didn’t effect theexaminations type and finally there were no difference in stress levelbetween genders.

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Orientador: Carlos Roberto Teixeira / Resumo: Os psitacídeos são animais populares e adorados por sua característica sociável, inteligência, capacidade de repetir sons e pelo exuberante colorido de suas penas, tornando um dos principais grupos de aves “pets”. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a ocorrência de circovirus, enterobactérias e endoparasitos em uma coleção de psitacídeos exóticos. Foram coletados swabb de 70 psitacídeos exóticos de nove espécies, mantidos em um criadouro comercial. O diagnóstico viral foi realizado com auxilio da técnica de PCR. Para o diagnóstico de enterobacterias foram utilizadas técnicas laboratoriais de cultura bacteriana, por meio de características morfológicas e provas bioquímicas. A pesquisa de endoparasitos foi realizada por meio de três métodos: Técnica de Willis (Flutuação em solução salina), Técnica de Hoffman (Sedimentação Simples) e Exame Direto de Fezes. Um terço das aves 24/70 (32,38%) foram positivas para circovirus. Um total de 23/70 (32,85%) das aves foi positiva para enterobacterias de 12 espécies. Foram realizados 210 exames coproparasitológicos das quais 40/70 (57.14%) foram positivos para enteroparasitos, sendo o método Willis o mais preciso. Foi possível concluir que psitacídeos exóticos mantidos sob cuidados humanos apresentam ocorrência significativa de circovirus, enterobacterias e endoparasitos que requerem manejo e profilaxia visando aumentar os índices reprodutivos do plantel, assim como, evitar óbitos de aves. Outro ponto importante é coibir a contaminaçã... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Psittacids are popular birds and adored for their sociable character, intelligence, ability to repeat sounds, and the coloring of their feathers, making them one of the main groups of pets. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the occurrence of circovirus, enterobacteria and endoparasites in a collection of exotic parrots. Swabb of 70 exotic psittacines from nine species were collected from a exotic birds private collection. The viral diagnosis was performed using the PCR technique. For the diagnosis of enterobacteria, bacterial culture and laboratory techniques were used. Endoparasite research was performed using three methods: Willis Technique (Saline Fluctuation), Hoffman Technique (Simple Sedimentation) and Direct Faecal Examination. One third of birds 24/70 (32.38%) were positive for circovirus. A total of 23/70 (32.85%) of the birds were positive for enterobacteria of 12 species. There were 210 coproparasitological exams of which 40/70 (57.14%) were positive for enteroparasites, and the Willis method was the most accurate. It was possible to conclude that exotic parrots kept under human care have a significant occurrence of circovirus, enterobacteria and endoparasites that require management and prophylaxis in order to increase the reproductive indexes of the establishment, as well as to avoid bird deaths. Another important point is avoid the contamination of native species of wild animals. / Doutor

The aim of this magister thesis is to examine the motives behind parents´ choice to sex determine their children, or not, at routine ultrasound examination (RUL). The analysed empirical data consists of 261 responding questionnaires written by expecting parents. My conclusions are that the motives behind parents’ choice can reflect their view of sex as binary or analog. Many parents sex determine their unborn children in order for preparing their rooms, clothes and toys to correlate with the heterosexual matrix. Girls get pink and boys blue, but the colours are of course only the visible part of how children are sexed as social construction. Some parents are experiencing a peer pressure and quite a few parents are influenced by the midwife performing the RUL to chose to sex determine their child. The most common motive to abstain from sex determining the child at RUL is after all to make gender the big happening at birth. Parents prepare to raise – not a child – but a boy or girl.

No Brasil, assim como em outros países tropicais, a criação de bovinos é feita de maneira extensiva e, portanto é suscetível às intempéries climáticas. Esse tipo de criação pode levar ao estresse térmico, mesmo em animais zebuínos. Sob condições de estresse térmico é possível a ocorrência de degeneração testicular, e por isso, há a procura por animais tolerantes ao calor. Desta maneira, este trabalho objetivou a avaliação da tolerância ao calor de touros da raça Brahman utilizando o teste de tolerância ao calor, e também a análise da qualidade seminal relacionada à disponibilidade de sombra nos pastos. Para tal, foram utilizados 10 touros da raça Brahman com idades entre 24 e 30 meses. Duas semanas antes do início das análises, três amostras de sêmen foram colhidas de cada animal para o nivelamento biológico do sêmen, e então os touros foram separados em dois grupos: 5 touros foram alocados em pasto com disponibilidade de sombra enquanto 5 touros foram alocados em pasto sem qualquer tipo de sombra. O teste de tolerância ao calor foi realizado em três dias consecutivos típicos de verão, e as colheitas de sêmen foram realizadas em 14 dias durante 2 meses, totalizando 4 colheitas. Anteriormente a todas as colheitas foram avaliadas a consistência testicular e o perímetro escrotal. As características seminais avaliadas foram volume, aspecto, turbilhonamento, motilidade, vigor e concentração e morfologia espermáticas. Os dados obtidos foram analisados com o pacote estatístico Statistical Analysis System (SAS Institute Inc., 2004). Não houve diferenças estatísticas entre os dois grupos de animais. O resultado do teste de tolerância ao calor mostrou que os animais testados são tolerantes ao calor e apresentam boa capacidade termolítica. / In Brazil, similarly to others tropical countries, bovines are bred under environmental conditions of extensive system. This breed system type may lead to heat stress even on zebu animals. Under heat stress conditions, testicular degeneration can occur and, therefore, there is a search for animals that are heat tolerant. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the heat tolerance of Brahman bulls using the heat tolerance test and to verify the occurrence of any possible effect of shadow availability on pasture on semen quality. Ten Brahman bulls aging between 24 and 30 months were used in this work. For biological semen evaluation, three semen samples were collected from each animal two weeks before beginning. The bulls were then separated into two groups: 5 animals were allocated on pasture with shadow availability and 5 bulls were allocated on pasture without any kind of shadow. The heat tolerance test were performed in three consecutive typical summer days and the semen samples were collected each 14 days during 2 months, in a total of 4 semen samples per animal. Testicular consistence and scrotal circumference were measured just before every semen collection. The semen\'s characteristics evaluated were volume, aspect, mass movement, motility, straight movement, sperm concentration and morphological exam. Data obtained from experimental proceedings were analyzed by Statistical Analysis System program (SAS Institute Inc., 2004). No difference was observed (P>0.05) in any of the characteristics analyzed when Brahman bulls were maintained on pastures with or without shadow availability. The performance of tested animals on the heat tolerance test shows that these animals are heat tolerant and present good thermolitic ability.

A avaliação completa do sistema estomatognático é essencial para o diagnóstico e plano de tratamento ortodôntico. Não se devem apenas avaliar aspectos estáticos da oclusão, mas também os funcionais, pois estes últimos podem mostrar-se alterados e envolver um ou mais componentes do sistema estomatognático, entre eles, a articulação temporomandibular (ATM). Uma das alterações encontradas com freqüência é o deslocamento de disco articular, o que pode interferir no prognóstico e, eventualmente, comprometer o resultado do tratamento ortodôntico. Na tentativa de contribuir para o reconhecimento dessas alterações, este estudo teve como finalidade avaliar a concordância entre dois examinadores calibrados em relação ao diagnóstico de deslocamento de disco articular, comparar a percepção dos pacientes aos ruídos com os dados do exame clínico e eletrovibratografia, além de checar a possível equivalência entre o exame clínico e eletrovibratografia, como métodos de detecção do deslocamento de disco articular. A amostra foi composta por 60 voluntários, divididos igualmente em 4 grupos com 15 participantes cada, definidos por meio do exame clínico e agrupados segundo o gênero e a presença ou ausência de estalo. O exame clínico foi realizado por dois examinadores treinados. A eletrovibratografia foi realizada por um único operador treinado, e empregou-se o programa SonoPAK (Bioresearch Inc.). Para análise dos resultados de concordância entre ambas as técnicas e entre os examinadores, foi utilizado o coeficiente kappa. Os resultados mostraram excelente concordância inter examinadores na realização do exame clínico, concordância satisfatória entre os relatos de ruídos referidos pelos pacientes quando comparados ao exame clínico e eletrovibratografia e concordância também satisfatória entre os dois métodos estudados. / The complete evaluation of the stomatognathic system is essential to the diagnostic and orthodontic treatment plan. It should not evaluate only the occlusal static aspects, but the functional aspects, because the latter could be altered and one or more components of the stomatognathic system could be involved, including the Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ). One of the frequently found alterations founded frequently is the articular disc displacement, which could affect in the prognostic, and, eventually the result of the orthodontic treatment. Trying to contribute to recognize these alterations, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the findings of two calibrated examiners on disk displacement diagnosis, to compare the patients joint sounds perception to the to the results found by the clinical examination and electrovibratography, and beyond that check the possible matching between the clinical examination and the electrovibratography as methods of disc displacement detection. The sample was composed of 60 patients, divided equally into 4 groups of 15 participants each, defined by clinical examination and grouped according to gender and to the presence or absence of the sound (click). The clinical examination was made by two trained examiners. The electrovibratography was made by only one only operator and the SonoPAK software was used (Bioresearch Inc.). The kappas coefficient was used to analyze of the results. They showed that the examiners findings were very close in the clinical examination, partially close on the joint sounds report told by the patients when compared to the clinical examination and eletrovibratography and reasonable equivalence between the two methods studied.

<p>Dioxins and poly-chlorinated biphenyl (PCB) compounds are high priority organic pollutants which are similar in structure and well known for their toxicity, bioaccumulation and persistence in the environment. Dioxins and PCBs have a high affinity for certain types of clay minerals. However, the molecular mechanism for the observed high affinity of these compounds to clay minerals is not well understood and has been the main focus of this research work. The mechanisms that govern dioxin-clay and PCB-clay interactions were investigated from two perspectives. First, the influence of selected properties clay minerals on dioxin sorption was investigated via in-situ spectroscopic techniques (ATR-FTIRand Raman) structural (XRD) and macroscopic batch sorption methods using dibenzo-p-dioxin (DD) as a model solute. Second, the influence of solute properties, especially position and degree of chlorination and molecular planarity, on sorption was investigated.</p> <p> Smectites, especially, Cs-saponite effectively adsorbs dibenzo-p-dioxin (DD) from water with values reaching 10,000 mg kg^-1, or one weight percent which greatly exceeds that by other naturally occurring sorbents such as soil organic matter. Adsorption was promoted by clay interlayer exchangeable cations with low hydration energies, and by smectites in which negative charge in the smectite originate from the tetrahedral siloxane sheets. IR-active bands of DD sorbed to saponite in the 1280 to 1500 cm^-1region were perturbed compared to the ‘reference’ IR spectra. Combined batch sorption, XRD and spectroscopic data confirm that the intercalation of DD occurred in the clay interlayer and site specific interactions occur between DD molecule and Cs⁺ cation. </p> <p> Sorption of 1-chloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin (1-ClDD) and 2-chloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin (2-ClDD) on homoionic (Na⁺, K⁺, Rb⁺, and Cs⁺) smectites was evaluated to explore the effect of chlorine substitution position (and steric hindrance) of dioxin on sorption mechanisms. Similar to DD, adsorption was influenced by the hydration energy of exchangeable cations and the origin of negative charge in the smectite. XRD measurements revealed that 1-ClDD molecules were oriented nearly parallel to the siloxane surface of the clay while 2-ClDD adopted a tilted orientation, similar to DD. The location of the chlorine constituent in 1-ClDD prevents the molecule from its apparent energetically more favorable orientation. In-situ ATR-FTIR spectra revealed that sorption of 1-ClDD to Cs-saponite resulted in the loss of interfacial H₂O and suggested that the sorption 1-ClDD displaces interlayer H₂O and 2-ClDD is less sterically restricted in the clay interlayer. </p> <p> Sorption of three dioxins (DD, 1-ClDD and 2-ClDD) was compared to three PCBs (PCB-1, PCB-4, and PCB47) with similar octanol-partition coefficients (log K_ow) but varying molecular planarity and degree of chlorination onto Cs-saponite, which was shown to be representative of other smectites, revealed that despite having similar structure and hydrophobicity, dioxins have higher affinity for smectites than PCBs. Sorption studies also showed that sorption of PCBs is influenced by molecular planarity and hydrophobicity. Polarizability and dipole-moment were identified as important solute properties that affect the sorption behavior of dioxins and PCBSs. Linear relationships between these properties and log K_f’(subcooled liquid solubility normalized Freundlich sorption coefficient) values suggest that high sorption affinity of planar dioxins could be due to a combination of <i>Van der Waals</i> interactions with the siloxane surface, steric effects, and site-specific interactions between dioxin and exchangeable cations. In contrast, the sorption of PCBs was highly influenced by their molecular orientation.</p>

Objetivo: Construir Escala de Avaliação Funcional do Sentar e Levantar do Solo para Portadores de DMD (EAF-2) e testar sua confiabilidade intra e interexaminadores. Método: A construção da escala ocorreu em etapas: 1. Análise do movimento de sentar e levantar do solo em crianças saudáveis. 2. Análise do movimento de sentar e levantar do solo em crianças com DMD. 3. Elaboração da primeira versão da escala e do manual de instrução. 4. Avaliação por peritos e reajustes gerando a versão final. 5. Análise de confiabilidade inter e intraexaminador e correlação com a Escala de Vignos, idade e tempo de execução da atividade. Resultados: A escala abrange três fases para o sentar e cinco para o levantar, cada fase contendo itens que devem ser avaliados e pontuados. O escore pode variar de 0 a 10 para o sentar e de 0 a 15 para o levantar. Foi demonstrado muito boa repetibilidade da medida do sentar e levantar (ICC = 0,89 e 084, respectivamente) e excelente reprodutibilidade (ICC = 0,93 e 0,92, respectivamente). O Coeficiente Kappa para as 8 fases na análise interexaminadores variou de 0,77 a 1,00 (confiabilidade excelente para 5 fases e substancial para 3 fases), e na análise intra-examinador variou de 0,80 a 1,00 (confiabilidade excelente para 6 fases e substancial para 2 fases). Encontrou-se boa correlação entre as variáveis idade x Escala de Vignos (r= 0,58) e levantar x Escala de Vignos (r= 0,56), enquanto que nas variáveis restantes a correlação foi baixa.Conclusão: A EAF-2 é um instrumento de avaliação confiável que permite avaliar a atividade de sentar e levantar em portadores de DMD de forma detalhada e operacionalizada. / Objective: Construct the Scale of Functional Evaluation of Sit-and-Stand from the Ground for Patients with DMD (EAF-2) and to test its reliability intra and interexaminer. Method: The construction of the scale occurred in stages: 1. Analysis of the movement to sit and stand from the ground in healthy children. 2. Analysis of the movement to sit and stand from the ground in children with DMD. 3. Elaboration of the first version of the scale and the manual of instruction. 4. Evaluation by experts and readjustments generating the final version. 5. Analysis of Reliability inter and intra-examiner and correlation with the Vignos Scale, age and time length for the execution of the activity. Results: The scale comprehends three phases for the sitting and five for the standing, each phase with items that must be evaluated and scored. The score may vary from 0 to 10 for the sitting and from 0 to 15 for the standing. A very good repeatability of the measure of sitting as well as of standing was demonstrated (ICC = 0,89 and 084, respectively) and excellent reproducibility (ICC = 0,93 and 0,92, respectively). The Kappa Coefficient for the 8 phases in the interexaminer analysis varied from 0,77 to 1,00 (excellent reliability for 5 phases and substantial for 3 phases), and in the intra-examiner analysis varied from 0,80 to 1,00 (excellent reliability for 6 phases and substantial for 2 phases). Good correlation was found between the variable age x Vignos Scale (r= 0,58) and to stand x Vignos Scale (r= 0,56), whereas in the remaining variable the correlation was low. Conclusion: The EAF-2 is a trustful instrument of evaluation that allows to evaluate the activity of sitting and standing in people with DMD in a detailed and operationalized way.

Nesta pesquisa teve-se como objetivo analisar imagens do professor de língua portuguesa presentes em concursos públicos da Grande São Paulo; para tanto, foram selecionados como corpora dezesseis editais e cinco provas para contratação de professores dos últimos anos do ensino fundamental, todos publicados entre 2002 e 2008. O conceito de imagem empregado origina-se da Análise do Discurso, mais especificamente, das considerações de Pêcheux (1993b) acerca das formações imaginárias, que se caracterizariam por imagens que os interlocutores fazem de si mesmos, do outro e do referente no ato da comunicação. Assim, considerando-se as especificidades de um concurso público para seleção de professores, chegou-se a duas formações cruciais para a pesquisa: que imagem o instituto e o município fazem do professor para selecioná-lo? e que imagem o instituto e o município fazem do conteúdo necessário para selecionar o professor?. Dada a complexidade do material analisado, recorreu-se a conceitos advindos de diferentes linhas teóricas, como Análise do Discurso, Análise Crítica do Discurso, Filologia, Sociologia, História Cultural e Teoria da Enunciação, para que fosse possível discutir de forma ampla as características dos corpora. Inicialmente, procurou-se verificar quais eram os livros mais indicados nos editais e as tendências decorrentes para, posteriormente, examiná-las também nas provas. No que concerne ao conteúdo que se espera do professor de língua portuguesa, as análises indicaram que prevalecem as imagens do trabalho com textos e com a perspectiva gramatical, todavia a observação das provas permitiu constatar que há um cruzamento entre essas tendências, o que impede a realização plena do trabalho com textos. Também foram abordadas características não ligadas ao conteúdo, mas que da mesma forma diziam respeito à imagem acerca do candidato, como, por exemplo, o fato de indicações bibliográficas de concursos por vezes serem copiadas de outros editais, os erros em títulos de livros, a indicação de livros didáticos e a impossibilidade de o candidato permanecer com o caderno de questões após a realização da prova em determinados concursos. Concluiu-se que as imagens, ligadas ou não ao conteúdo que se espera do professor de língua portuguesa, concentram-se predominantemente em sua capacidade de leitura. No entanto, ao mesmo tempo em que se exige uma perspectiva de trabalho centrada na produção de textos, subestima-se o candidato durante as etapas do concurso no que diz respeito à leitura, fato perceptível, por exemplo, pela indicação de livros inexistentes e didáticos. / This research had as objective to analyze images of the Portuguese language teacher present at civil service examinations in Greater Sao Paulo; for that purpose sixteen public notices and five examinations for hiring teachers for the last years of Elementary School, published between 2002 and 2008, were selected as corpora. The concept of image used comes from the Discourse Analysis, more specifically, Pêcheux (1993b) considerations about the imaginary formations, which would be characterized by images that the interlocutors make of themselves, the others and the referent during the act of communication. Thus, considering the specifics of a civil service examination for the selection of teachers, two crucial formations were regarded for the research: \"what image do the institute and the municipality make of the teacher to select him?\" and \"what image do the institute and municipality make of the content needed to select the teacher?\". Given the complexity of the analyzed material, we used the concepts from different theoretical backgrounds, such as Discourse Analysis, Critical Discourse Analysis, Philology, Sociology, Cultural History and Theory of Utterance, so we could discuss broadly the characteristics of corpora. Initially, we sought to determine which books were most indicated in the public notices and resulting trends, so that later they could also be appraised on the examinations. Regarding the content that is expected from a Portuguese language teacher, the analysis indicated that the images of the work with texts and the grammatical perspective prevail, however the observation of the evidence revealed that there is a crossing between these tendencies, which prevents the completion of the work with texts. Features that were not linked to the content were also discussed herein, they concerned the image of the candidate, for example, the fact that bibliographical indications are copied several times from other public notices, the errors in book titles, the indication of textbooks and the inability of the candidate to remain with the questions sheet after the completion of the examination in certain civil service examination sessions. In conclusion, the images, whether or not linked to the content expected from a Portuguese language teacher, focus predominantly on their ability to read. However, while it requires a labor-centered perspective of text production, the candidate is underestimated during the civil service examination stages regarding his reading skills, a noticeable fact, for example, given the indications of nonexistent books and textbooks.

O objetivo deste trabalho é propor metodologias que permitam estimar e avaliar a dimensão dos impactos no meio ambiente de baías com porto, tendo com área referencial a baía de Paracas no Peru. Nos últimos 40 anos, a baía de Paracas tem sido submetida a uma imensa pressão ambiental em função das descargas das diversas atividades antrópicas desenvolvidas na região e que colocam em risco o ecossistema da única reserva ecológica costeira da costa leste do Pacifico Sul. A degradação nessa baía tem-se visto intensificada pela explosão demográfica, necessidade de crescimento econômico regional e carência de metodologias de desenvolvimento sustentável. É precisamente esta lacuna que motivou o desenvolvimento desta pesquisa, a qual adotou os princípios estabelecidos na norma ISO-14001:2004, e tem como intuito servir de subsidio aos gestores políticos para a implementação de políticas econômicas, sociais e ambientalmente corretas. A pesquisa iniciou-se fazendo uma abordagem panorâmica da política ambiental, focalizando sua aplicação na América Latina e, especificamente, no Peru. Primeiramente foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória buscando informações técnicas, ambientais e jurídicas utilizadas pelos órgãos intervenientes na gestão ambiental. Seguindo a lógica da norma ISO-14001 foi realizado o diagnóstico ambiental da área de influência da baía, fazendo uso de dados georeferenciados obtidos pelo programa Google Earth; nesta foram identificadas as principais atividades que despejam seus efluentes na baía e identificados os principais aspectos e impactos ambientais, os quais foram caracterizados segundo a nomenclatura do CONAMA, e propostas medidas mitigadoras junto à legislação peruana aplicável. Ainda o trabalho foi complementado com um estudo sobre a circulação dos poluentes na baía, implementado através de modelagem numérica aplicada na equação advecção-dispersão (lei de Fick) e simulados no software Matlab. Finalmente, com base dos dados obtidos em campo, foi feita a caracterização da qualidade da água na baía segundo os parâmetros estabelecidos pelo IQA da National Sanitation Foundation. De acordo com os resultados, conclui-se que a baía está sendo muito prejudicada pelos despejos sólidos, líquidos e gasosos; os níveis obtidos ultrapassam os limites permissíveis da Lei Geral das Águas para cada área estudada; o elevado nível e contaminação na baía tem relação direta com as doenças na região (doenças respiratórias e gastrointestinais); a característica física da baía tem influência direta na recuperação desta, e seu processo de autodepuração está comprometido. Diante disso, como contribuição, este trabalho preocupou-se em propor alguns planos e programas que visem o desenvolvimento sustentável das atividades antrópicas e respeito ao meio ambiente. / The aim of this work is to propose methodologies that allow us to estimate and evaluate the dimension of the impacts on the environment of bays with harbour, having Paracas Bay in Peru as an area of reference. Over the last forty years, Paracas Bay has been submitted to a huge environmental pressure as a result of discharges from numerous human activities developed in the region, which threatens the ecosystem of the only ecological reservation on the east coast of the South Pacific Ocean. The environmental degradation on this bay has been intensified by the demographic explosion, the necessity of a regional economic growth and the deficiency of methodologies of sustainable development. This gap is precisely what motivated the development of this research which adopted the principles established by the ISO- 14001:2004 standard and it is aimed at aiding political managers for the implementation of correct environmental, social and economic policies. The research started with a panoramic approach of the environmental policy focusing on its application in Latin America, specifically in Peru. Firstly, an exploratory research was conducted, looking for judicial, environmental and technical information used by the intervening agencies in the environmental management. Following the reasoning of the ISO-14001 standard, an environmental examination of the bay\'s catchment area was carried out, making use of georeferencing data obtained by Google Earth. The main activities that pour their effluents on the bay were identified in this area, as well as the major aspects and environmental impacts which were characterised according to CONAMA standard, and mitigating measures were proposed by the applicable Peruvian legislation. This work was also supported by the examination of the flux of pollutants on the bay, enhanced through the numerical modelling applied in the advection-dispersion equation (Fick\'s Law) and simulated by the MATLAB software. Finally, the water quality\'s characterisation was based on the data obtained in the field, in conformity with the parameters established by the National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index (NSFWQI). According to the results, we can draw the conclusion that the bay is being heavily damaged by discharges of gas, liquid and solid materials. The level of contaminants exceed the permissible limits of the \" General Water Law\" for each analysed area. The high level of contamination of this bay is directly related with some local diseases (gastrointestinal and respiratory diseases). The bay\'s geographic feature has a direct influence on its recovery, although the self-depuration process of the water body is highly compromised. In view of that, as a contribution, this work was devoted to proposing some plans and programmes which aim at the sustainable development of human activities and the respect for the environment.