Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T16:27:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Ivaina de Fatima Oliveira.pdf: 4301058 bytes, checksum: ebff3a331f3bfa3d6bd6b0caccb2fdfd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-04-17 / This survey aimed to argue about the (in) visibility of African Brazilian culture in visual arts education specifically examining the Law 10.639/2003 that has established the compulsory teaching of Afro-Brazilian history and African Culture in Basic Education. The field of art education is one of two responsible of this mission. I developed a bibliographic survey about the implementation of the law, considering the social movements, multiculturalism concepts and affirmative actions as relevant factors in the process of its implementation. My search started also with a concern arising from the requirement of the law: How we will work with History and Culture Afro-Brazilian Culture and African contends in the teaching of visual arts? In contrast the invisibility of black culture in visual arts education, I brought up some events that present different regard on black culture as source for a critical art pedagogy, aware about the diversity of our cultural roots and concerned to the enhancement of African culture aesthetics in our people heritage. I see the law as a contribution to a transformative praxis for teaching arts for the inclusion of ethnic, social and cultural groups excluded or included in stereotypical ways. But the question remains without answers because these are always incomplete. This research has shown that we have advanced, but still we have the difficult task of generating more questions about the exclusion in a country marked by social, racial and cultural inequalities. / Essa pesquisa teve como objetivo de refletir sobre a (in)visibilidade da cultura afro brasileira no ensino de artes visuais examinando especificamente a Lei 10.639/2003, que institui a obrigatoriedade do ensino de História e Cultura Afrobrasileira e Africana na Educação Básica. O campo da arte educação é um dentre outros dois incumbidos dessa missão. Realizei um levantamento bibliográfico acerca da implementação da lei, considerando os movimentos sociais, o multiculturalismo e as ações afirmativas como fatores relevantes no processo da sua implementação. Minha pesquisa partiu também de uma inquietação decorrente da obrigatoriedade da lei, ou seja: Como trabalhar com História e Cultura Afro-brasileira e Africana no ensino de artes visuais? Em contraponto a invisibilidade da cultura negra no ensino de artes visuais, enfatizo algumas ações que apresentam com um olhar diferenciado sobre a cultura negra como fonte para uma pedagogia mais crítica, consciente e transformadora a respeito das nossas raízes culturais e para a valorização da cultura africana na nossa formação estética do nosso povo. Vejo a Lei como um aporte para uma práxis transformadora para o ensino de artes ao tornar obrigatória a inclusão de segmentos étnico-sociais e culturais excluídos ou incluídos de formas estereotipadas. Mas a pergunta continua sem respostas mesmo porque essas serão sempre incompletas. A pesquisa mostrou que temos avançado, mas que ainda temos a difícil tarefa de gerar mais questionamentos sobre a exclusão num país marcado por desigualdades sociais, raciais e culturais.

<p>The background to this thesis lies in the great changes that have occurred in the disability field during the last threes decades. The purpose of this thesis is to describe, analyze and try to understand how these changes impact on life conditions for adult persons with mild intellectual disabilities. The main focus in this study is to listen to the experiences of people with intellectual disabilities themselves. The questions addressed in the study are; how do people with intellectual disabilities experience participation, citizen-ship, social exclusion and social inclusion in society? Where are their daily arenas and what characterizes those arenas in terms of citizenship, exclusion and inclusion? What type of experiences do they have from encountering people in the community, from encountering the organisations and staff that provide support and service and from the consequences of disability policies in practise? How do staff close to them work to reach the goals of participation? What role can professionals play in supporting participation? Which possibilities and barriers do the staff experience?</p><p>Empirical data for the study has been gathered by qualitative methods, mainly participant observations and interviews but also from document analysis of local authority documents, official guidelines, laws and national and international disability policy documents.</p><p>The theoretical framework is based on theories about citizenship and participation. Social exclusion and social inclusion are the sensitizing concepts in this study. For the interpretation and analysis theories about citizenship, participation and categorization were used.</p><p>In the light of the empirical findings the results of the study show that three main themes were promi-nent. The first theme concerned the daily arenas, were there were both excluded arenas and included are-nas with various forms of interaction with the society. The arenas for support and service in housing and daily activities are described as excluded arenas with mainly internal social interaction. On the other hand the new arenas such as daily activity centres, located in the community, such as cafés, shops run by peo-ple with intellectual disabilities together with staff had frequent interaction with other people in the soci-ety. The second theme concerned the content in the encounters between respondents with intellectual disabilities and different actors in the community. The informants had both positive and negative experi-ences of these encounters. The encounter with the disability policy was, according to this dissertation, that the user informants hade many experiences of lacking social citizenship but also that they experienced structural inclusion when politicians listen to them and answered their questions. The third theme con-cerned how the staff works to reach the goals of participation where both possibilities and barriers exist on structural and individual levels. This study illustrates the user informants’ many experiences of citi-zenship and social exclusion but also examples of social inclusion.</p><p>In the concluding chapter the results are discussed and analyzed in relation to the theoretical frame-work, where the concept of categorisation was very important. Finally, the description of the process clearly illustrates the difficulties for disability service organisations to develop support and services that are adapted to the actual disability policy. The results shed light on the gap between theory and practise.</p><p>Some of the most positive changes towards inclusion in society for people with intellectual disabilities come from services run by users and staff close to them. Final conclusions and reflections of the results in the study are that support and service also can be discussed in terms of universalism in order to reduce the process of categorisation.</p>

The background to this thesis lies in the great changes that have occurred in the disability field during the last threes decades. The purpose of this thesis is to describe, analyze and try to understand how these changes impact on life conditions for adult persons with mild intellectual disabilities. The main focus in this study is to listen to the experiences of people with intellectual disabilities themselves. The questions addressed in the study are; how do people with intellectual disabilities experience participation, citizen-ship, social exclusion and social inclusion in society? Where are their daily arenas and what characterizes those arenas in terms of citizenship, exclusion and inclusion? What type of experiences do they have from encountering people in the community, from encountering the organisations and staff that provide support and service and from the consequences of disability policies in practise? How do staff close to them work to reach the goals of participation? What role can professionals play in supporting participation? Which possibilities and barriers do the staff experience? Empirical data for the study has been gathered by qualitative methods, mainly participant observations and interviews but also from document analysis of local authority documents, official guidelines, laws and national and international disability policy documents. The theoretical framework is based on theories about citizenship and participation. Social exclusion and social inclusion are the sensitizing concepts in this study. For the interpretation and analysis theories about citizenship, participation and categorization were used. In the light of the empirical findings the results of the study show that three main themes were promi-nent. The first theme concerned the daily arenas, were there were both excluded arenas and included are-nas with various forms of interaction with the society. The arenas for support and service in housing and daily activities are described as excluded arenas with mainly internal social interaction. On the other hand the new arenas such as daily activity centres, located in the community, such as cafés, shops run by peo-ple with intellectual disabilities together with staff had frequent interaction with other people in the soci-ety. The second theme concerned the content in the encounters between respondents with intellectual disabilities and different actors in the community. The informants had both positive and negative experi-ences of these encounters. The encounter with the disability policy was, according to this dissertation, that the user informants hade many experiences of lacking social citizenship but also that they experienced structural inclusion when politicians listen to them and answered their questions. The third theme con-cerned how the staff works to reach the goals of participation where both possibilities and barriers exist on structural and individual levels. This study illustrates the user informants’ many experiences of citi-zenship and social exclusion but also examples of social inclusion. In the concluding chapter the results are discussed and analyzed in relation to the theoretical frame-work, where the concept of categorisation was very important. Finally, the description of the process clearly illustrates the difficulties for disability service organisations to develop support and services that are adapted to the actual disability policy. The results shed light on the gap between theory and practise. Some of the most positive changes towards inclusion in society for people with intellectual disabilities come from services run by users and staff close to them. Final conclusions and reflections of the results in the study are that support and service also can be discussed in terms of universalism in order to reduce the process of categorisation.

The aim of this research thesis is to analyze comparatively migration experiences in reference to changing citizenship rights of Turks from Bulgaria in northern Cyprus. Out-migrations in Bulgaria occurred in various historical chronologies out of different motivation for migration factors, and to places of different destinations. Despite the fact that mass migration flows of Turks from Bulgaria happen to be directed to Turkey, northern Cyprus was selected as a special case for this thesis, where Turks from Bulgaria immigrated during 1990&rsquo / s in great numbers. For the fieldwork, conducted in northern Cyprus in 2006, a research sample of 30-immigrant households of Turks from Bulgaria was interviewed with a qualitative in-depth and face-to-face interaction interview technique. The interview questionnaire was directed either towards one female or male member from each household. During the interviews, lived experiences of immigrant Turks from Bulgaria in both the countries of origin and also destination were asked. Therefore, a comparative before and after migration analyses was aimed. In the light of this, specified socio-economic and socio-cultural research themes referred to the overall interpretations of whether citizenship status of immigrant Turks from Bulgaria was inclusive or exclusive of both into the Bulgarian and northern Cypriot societies. The thesis draws a conclusion of notably revealed relationship between citizenship experiences and the shifting identity perceptions as a result of migration. Interview findings indicate that related to the conditions of their socio-economic and cultural environments in both Bulgaria and northern Cyprus, they were either included or excluded from social citizenship status. Immigrant respondents perceived themselves as excluded in the areas of employment and educational opportunities, cultural activities and in establishing associations in Bulgaria. On the other hand, in northern Cyprus they have perceived themselves as excluded in terms of work life and finding an occupation, high-income opportunities, finding decent accommodation and neighborhood relations. Besides, in the former they perceived themselves as discriminated because of their Muslim-Turkish identity and in the latter because they have been accepted as migrants and a marginally subordinate group in the social hierarchy.

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

I denna erfarenhetsbaserade essä utforskar jag det dilemma som pedagoger kan försättas i när gamla traditioner och normer möter nya, samt när pedagoger med olika erfarenheter, utbildningar och kunskaper möts. I min inledande berättelse skildrar jag två olika händelser med ett liknande dilemma. Där försätts jag i en situation där jag inte riktigt vet hur jag ska agera. Jag vet hur jag vill agera men vågar inte stå upp för mina åsikter. Jag frågar mig själv om jag ska följa den ansvarige förskolläraren på avdelningen eller om jag ska stå upp för mina egna erfarenheter och mina praktiska kunskaper. I mitt dilemma är det två olika typer av syn på barn och deras utveckling och lärande som krockar. I reflektionsdelen undersöker jag varför dessa krockar uppstår. Jag tar hjälp av ett av våra tidigare styrdokument "Pedagogiskt program för förskolan-87" som jag jämför med den nuvarande läroplanen för förskolan – "Lpfö98, rev.2010". Med hjälp av olika kunskapsbegrepp undersöker jag hur värderingen av praktisk kontra teoretisk kunskap påverkar hur vi arbetar i förskolan. Jag reflekterar över hur mina egna kunskaper såg ut då vid tiden för mitt dilemma samt på vilket sätt dessa har utvecklats. Jag ställer mig också frågan, hur vår barnsyn och vår syn på kunskap påverkar barnen i förskolan. / In this experiential essay I explore the dilemma that educators can encounter when old traditions and norms meet new, as well as what happens when teachers with different experience, training and knowledge meet. In my initial report, I describe two different events with a similar dilemma where I am put in a situation where I do not really know how I should act. I know how I want to act, but do not dare to stand up for my opinions. I ask myself if I should follow the responsible preschool teacher of the department or whether I should stand up for my own experiences and my practical knowledge. In my dilemma, there are two different types of view of children and their development and learning that are in conflict. In the reflection part, I examine why these crashes between views occur. I compare one of our previous policy documents "Pedagogiskt program för förskolan-87" with the current curriculum - "Lpfö98, rev.2010". Using different concept of knowledge, I examine how the valuation of practical versus theoretical knowledge affects how we work in preschool. I reflect on my own knowledge the time of my dilemma, and how it has evolved. I also question how our child perspective and our view of knowledge affect children in preschool.

Este trabalho analisa como a ideia de exclusão e inclusão é apresentada em programas de televisão. Por meio uma observação sistemática de certas práticas constituintes do modo de fazer televisivo, incluindo os relatos jornalísticos, o presente estudo atenta para as abordagens em que o tema da inclusão/exclusão surge em meio a discurso e práticas naturalizadores. Por meio da aproximação dos campos da Análise do Discurso de linha francesa, da Psicologia Social e da Sociologia, discute-se a construção de visibilidades de sujeitos inscritos sob a rubrica da exclusão. Assim, a partir da hipótese de que os chamados excluídos já estão incluídos de uma maneira instrumental na arena pública de uma sociedade espetacular, este estudo apresenta como os efeitos discursivos incluindo as cenas de enunciação de alguns produtos audiovisuais provocam assujeitamentos e reforçam estigmas e desigualdades por meio de posições-de-sujeito já naturalizadas no campo social. / This work analyses how the idea of social exclusion/inclusion has been showed in different television programmes. By looking systematically at its ordinary practices that include the ways the media and journalism are produced, we attempt to verify the approach of the theme through a kind of naturalizing discourse as well as the way these discourses reinforce stigmas. The approach of some fields such as French Discourse Analysis, Social Psychology and Sociology, allows discussing the construction of the identity and the social belongings of people under the exclusion rubric. Therefore, considering the hypothesis that the underclass are already instrumentally included in the public arena of a spectacular society, this research comprehends the manner the discourses effects including the scenes of enunciation - of some audiovisual products provoke subjections and highlight social differences as a natural issue through the positions already naturalized in the social field.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-27T14:20:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiza Ferreira Rezende de Medeiros.pdf: 655069 bytes, checksum: 9342b828bba8a38a6cc34e18f63f9a02 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-03-17 / The relationship between the scavengers of recycleable materials and the recycling organizations was the theme of this research, whose aim was to investigate the perception of the scavengers concerning their labor relations, the conditions in which they perform their functions and the labor practices in the recycling cooperatives, trying to reflect about the processes of social inclusion-exclusion of these workers. This is a descriptive and exploratory case study, whose research instruments were the semi-structured interview and documentary analysis. The technique for studying the results was Lane s graphic analysis of the speech. The interviews were carried out individually with ten participants from two garbage recycling cooperatives that operate in the municipality of Goiania. The recycling of urban garbage appears as an emerging activity, and is an integral part of the green market, that is, it is within the activities that are of an environmental nature that have arisen along with the environmentalist movements and those of environmental preservation. The recycling of recyclable materials is a complex productive chain that involves several participants and while it generates indisputable environmental advantages for society in general, the economic aspects stand out. The hunting and collecting of recyclable materials, the first step in the process of recycling, constitutes for many workers the only way to guarantee their survival and the possibility of social inclusion in a labor market more and more exclusive. By means of graphic analysis of the speech the participants in this study perceived the intense exploitation to which they, the scavengers, are submitted. They who carry out a job of undeniable importance, neither obtaining recognition from society nor improvements in their working conditions even though they are part of a highly lucrative chain of production. In this way the results obtained from this study suggest that the labor relations are precarious and informal between the scavengers and the recycling organizations. The work of scavenging occurs by necessity not by choice, and the scavengers are informally inserted into the official circuit of recycling. It is a job that exposes the worker to various kinds of health risks, makes them victims of prejudice, humiliation, and negative stigmas and excludes them from some social situations. The data also revealed that some organizations, under the allegation of using cooperative principles, in bad faith subcontract for cheap labor so that the scavengers carry on their activities in precarious and alienating conditions. In opposition to this exploiting and alienating character, the organization of the scavengers in cooperatives that adopt genuine cooperative principles can take the form of a possibility to search for better working and living conditions, for something beyond survival. / As relações de trabalho dos catadores de material reciclável e organizações de reciclagem foi o tema da presente pesquisa, a qual objetivou investigar a percepção dos catadores quanto a suas relações de trabalho, as condições em que desempenham suas funções e as práticas de trabalho em cooperativas de reciclagem, buscando refletir sobre os processos de exclusão-inclusão social desses trabalhadores. Este é um estudo de caso de caráter descritivo e exploratório, cujos instrumentos de pesquisa foram a entrevista semi-estruturada e a análise documental. A técnica para investigar os resultados foi a análise gráfica do discurso desenvolvida por Lane. As entrevistas foram realizadas individualmente com dez participantes de duas cooperativas de reciclagem de lixo que atuavam no município de Goiânia. A reciclagem de lixo urbano figura como atividade emergente e integra o mercado verde, isto é, insere-se naquelas atividades de cunho ambiental, que ganharam evidência com os movimentos de preservação ambiental. A reciclagem de material reciclável é uma cadeia produtiva complexa e que envolve diversos participantes e embora gere vantagens ambientais indiscutíveis para a sociedade em geral, sobressaem os aspectos econômicos. A catação de material reciclável, atividade inicial do processo de reciclagem, constitui para muitos trabalhadores a única forma de garantir sua sobrevivência e a possibilidade de inclusão social em um mercado de trabalho cada dia mais excludente. Por meio das análises gráficas do discurso dos participantes deste estudo, percebe-se a intensa exploração a que está submetido o catador de material reciclável, que realiza um trabalho de inegável importância, sem que obtenha reconhecimento da sociedade e melhorias em suas condições de trabalho, embora faça parte de uma cadeia produtiva altamente lucrativa. Dessa forma, os resultados obtidos nesta investigação sugerem que as relações de trabalho são precárias e informais entre catadores e organizações de reciclagem. O trabalho com a catação ocorre por necessidade e não por escolha, e os catadores estão informalmente inseridos no circuito oficial da reciclagem. É um trabalho que expõe o trabalhador a vários tipos de risco à saúde, são vítimas de preconceitos, humilhação, estigmas negativos e excluídos de alguns ambientes sociais. Os dados também revelaram que algumas organizações, sob a alegação de utilizar princípios cooperativistas, escamoteiam uma subcontratação de mão-de-obra barata para que desenvolvam suas atividades em condições precárias e alienantes. Contrapondo-se a esse caráter exploratório e alienante a organização dos catadores em cooperativas que adotam genuínos princípios cooperativistas pode se configurar em uma possibilidade para a busca de melhores condições de trabalho e de vida, para além da sobrevivência.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:32:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silvana Machado Cella-1.pdf: 788003 bytes, checksum: fa814ee60330bfdc65ff904ebf57059c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-04-25 / This study is inserted in University, teaching, and teachers formation , research s line, intend to reflect about the work and devotion of the educator teaching teenagers which had bad behavior and illegal acts. Six professionals had been interviewed, some of them are therapist, social assistant and university teachers, and this qualitative research allows a deep analysis to reflect about the exclusion of those teenagers. Moreover, the work aimed at to know practical the daily ones, the difficulties and deficiencies in the formation of the educator. We ve concluded that the work of the educator is essential in the duality of the establishments of custody mixing characteristic of safekeeping and school and that the evolvement of these professionals is essential so that the rules of the statute of the child are fulfilled. / O presente estudo est? inserido na linha de pesquisa Universidade, Doc?ncia e Forma??o de Professores , e visa refletir sobre o educador que dedica seu trabalho ao ensino de adolescentes que cometeram ato infracional. Foram entrevistadas seis profissionais, entre pedagogas, assistentes sociais e professoras universit?rias e, por meio da pesquisa qualitativa buscou-se perceber a exclus?o sentida e vivenciada por essas educadoras. Al?m disso, o trabalhou visou conhecer as pr?ticas cotidianas, as dificuldades e defici?ncias na forma??o do educador. Conclui-se que o educador exerce papel fundamental na dualidade dos estabelecimentos de cust?dia que mesclam caracter?sticas de pris?o e escola e que o envolvimento dessas profissionais ? imprescind?vel para que se cumpram os preceitos do Estatuto da Crian?a e do Adolescente.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T18:13:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EDERSON NASCIMENENTO.pdf: 12714006 bytes, checksum: 3ae7cf93aa184892c9e1c4a71eed4493 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-03-03 / This research tried to give a contribution to the knowledge of the relation on the process of unequal socio-spatial structuring in the city of Ponta Grossa, State of Paraná, through the production of a social exclusion/inclusion map. The main purpose was to analyze the life conditions into different places of the urban space by characterizing them starting from the population inhabitant's socioeconomic profile and their home conditions in four important dimensions of the process of social exclusion/inclusion: income autonomy, human development, equity and house quality. The used methodology was summarized into the following stages: rising and revision of the bibliography; construction of a system of social exclusion/inclusion indicators with data, joined by census sections regarding the income and the educational level of family heads, infanto-juvenile education incentive, longevity, presence of women family heads with insufficient education, readiness of basic and sanitary infrastructure, percentile of juridical property of the houses and the existence of improvised homes and slum dwellers areas; and the elaboration of interviews in which aimed to validate and (when it was the case) to update the results shown by the map, as well as the obtaining of qualitative information about the main factors that motivate the occupation of the urban locations for the social classes, and about the life conditions on different areas of the city. The results of the research revealed an urban space characterized by an extreme socioeconomic segregation, fragmented into areas that concentrate populations with different degrees of inclusion or social exclusion. On the first place, it was verified that there is a very close correlation among the positive indicators regarding the population resident's characteristics (especially the levels of income and education) and the indexes of house quality. It was also observed that the space distribution of the social exclusion/inclusion is organized in sections, with the social patterns refusing the central areas – where there is the concentration of populations socially included and they enjoy better life conditions – towards the periphery of the city, places that the exclusion, in relation to the basic elements for a quality of life, is an outstanding characteristic. In short, these aspects evidence the existence of a social inequality in the extent of the process of (re)production of the urban space in Ponta Grossa, as well as, consequently, the hard disparity in relation to the quality of life of the population. / Esta pesquisa buscou contribuir para o conhecimento do processo de estruturação socioespacial desigual da cidade de Ponta Grossa (PR), por meio da elaboração de um mapa da exclusão/inclusão social. Objetivou-se analisar as condições de vida nas diferentes localidades do espaço urbano, caracterizando-as a partir do perfil socioeconômico da população habitante e de suas condições de moradia, à luz de quatro importantes dimensões do processo de exclusão/inclusão social: autonomia de renda, desenvolvimento humano, eqüidade e qualidade domiciliar. A metodologia empregada resume-se nas seguintes etapas: levantamento e revisão da bibliografia; construção de um sistema de indicadores de exclusão/inclusão social, com dados, agregados por setores censitários, sobre: renda e escolaridade dos chefes de família, estímulo à educação infanto-juvenil, longevidade, presença de mulheres chefes de família com escolaridade insuficiente, disponibilidade de infra-estrutura básica e sanitária, índice de propriedade jurídica dos domicílios e, existência de moradias improvisadas e em áreas faveladas, e ainda; realização de entrevistas com o fito de validar e (quando foi o caso) atualizar os resultados apontados pelo mapa, bem como de levantar informações qualitativas a respeito dos principais fatores que levam à ocupação das localizações urbanas pelas camadas sociais, e sobre as condições de vida em diferentes áreas da cidade. Os resultados da pesquisa revelam um espaço urbano amplamente segregado socioespacialmente, fragmentado em áreas que abrigam populações com graus bastante diversos de inclusão ou de exclusão social. Constatou-se, em primeiro lugar, a existência de uma estreita correlação entre os indicadores positivos referentes às características da população moradora (notadamente os níveis de renda e de escolaridade) e os índices de qualidade domiciliar. Observou-se também que a espacialização da exclusão/inclusão social se organiza na forma de setores, com os padrões sociais declinando das áreas centrais – onde se concentram populações socialmente incluídas e que podem usufruir das melhores condições de vida – em direção à periferia da cidade, na qual a exclusão em relação aos elementos básicos para que se possa ter uma vida adequada apresenta-se como um traço marcante. Tais aspectos, em suma, evidenciam a desigualdade social presente no âmbito do processo de (re)produção do espaço urbano em Ponta Grossa, bem como, conseqüentemente, a forte disparidade no que tange à qualidade de vida de sua população.