Frågan om hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck fick sin livliga debatt i svensk politik i slutet av 1990-talet, efter hedersmordet på Sara år 1996 och Pela år 1992. Regeringen har betonat att samverkan mellan olika aktörer, myndigheter och ideella organisationer är en väldigt viktig faktor för framgång gällande att förebygga våld i nära relationer. Studiens syfte är att utifrån ett genusperspektiv undersöka den regionala samverkan i Västmanlands län gällande arbetet mot hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck. Detta leder oss till frågeställningarna; Vilka föreställningar förekommer i den regionala samverkan om maskulinitet och femininitet? Vilka hinder identifieras av olika aktörer inom arbetet mot hedersrelaterat våld ur ett genusperspektiv? Vilka möjliga implementeringsinsatser identifieras av aktörerna? Metodvalet för studien utgår från en kvalitativ forskningsintervju, där vi främst söker förståelse för världen från intervjupersonens synvinkel och upplevda erfarenheter, samt att intervjupersonen får uttrycka sig i egna ord. Våra resultat och analys påvisar, tillsammans med bekräftande teorier och tidigare forskning, att det krävs ökad kunskap kring pojkar och omedvetna föreställningar. Det krävs också en tydligare samverkansrutin med praktiskt metodstöd och ekonomiska resurser, där dessa två faktorer går hand i hand för att förstå problematiken, samt för att förhindra och förebygga hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck. Det går inte att utesluta det ena eller det andra, då varje aspekt kompletterar varandra och bidrar till effektiva förbättringar. / The issue of honor-related violence and repression contributed to a lively debate in Swedish politics in the late 1990's, after the honor killings of Sara in year 1996 and Pela in year 1992. The government has emphasized that collaboration between various actors, authorities and non-profit organizations are very important factors for sucess in preventing violence in close relationships. The purpose of the study is to investigate from a gender perspective the regional cooperation in Västmanland County regarding the work on honor-related violence and opression. The issue leads us to ask the following questions; What are the notions of masculinity and femininity that exist in this regional collaboration? Which obstacles identified by various actors in the work against honor-related violence or a gender perspective? What possible implementation efforts are identified by the actors? The method for this study is based on a qualitative research interview. Where we primarily seek an understanding of the world from the interviewer's point of view and experience, and that the interviewee is allowed to express themselves in their own words. The results and analysis show that together with confirmed theories and previous research it requires increased knowledge about boys and men's vulnerability, as well as men's and gender norms that exist together with unconscious notions. There is also a need for clearer collaboration routines with practical method support and financial resources. Where these two factors go hand in hand to understand the problem, and to prevent honor-related violence and oppression. It is not possible to exclude one or the other, as each aspect complements each other and the measure for effective improvement.

Syfte: syftet med denna undersökning är att undersöka om implementeringen av arbetet mot hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck i Västerås kommun kan anses vara ett fall om kollaborativ styrning. Samt vilka hinder identifieras i arbetet nit hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck. Metod: forskningsmetoden bygger på en fallstudie och kvalitativa forskningsintervjuer. Respondenterna representerar den offentliga sektor, ideella sektor och civilsamhället från Västerås kommun. Material: allt styrdokument som används i denna undersökning är hämtat från Västerås kommuns hemsida, om deras arbete mot hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck, samt intervjuer med respondenter från offentlig sektor, ideell sektor och civilsamhället i Västerås kommun. Sammanfattning: analysen av styrdokument och intervjuerna resulterade i att arbetssättet i Västerås kommun mot hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck tillämpas på kollaborativ styrning. Detta beror på att kommunen, tillsammans med andra sektorer, samarbetar med varandra för att nå gemensamma mål. Samarbetet präglas främst av IOP avtal med ideella organisationer som Here 4U i detta fall. Civilsamhället är dock inte inkluderat i verkligheten som det framgår i Västerås kommuns handlingsplan i arbetet mot hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck. Hinder som uppstår i kommuns arbete är främst brist på resurser och ekonomiskt stöd. Forskningen avslutas med en reflektion över metod delen och förslag på vidare forskning om hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck. / Purpose: The purpose of this research is to investigate whether the implementation of the work against honor-related violence and abuse in Vasteras municipality can be considered a case of collaborative governance. And What shortcomings arise in the work against honor-related violence and abuse. Method: The research is based on case study and qualitative research interviews, where the interviewees represent different representative from the public sector, non-profit sector the civil society in Vasteras. Material: All the material used in this research has been gathered from documents from Vasteras municipality website regarding their work against honor-related violence and abuse, as well as interviews with officials and staff from other sectors in the municipality. Conclusion: The analysis of governing documents and the interviews resulted in the case of Vasteras municipality being applied to collaborative governance. This is due the municipality, together with other sectors, collaborates with each other to achieve the goals. Collaboration is mainly character by the signing of IOP agreements with non-profit organization such as Here 4U in this case. Civil sector is not sufficiently included on reality as it appears in Vasteras action plan, lack of resources and financial support has been common responded for the interviewers. The research ends with a reflation on the method section and further research on honor-related violence and abuse. / Nej

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine whether and, if so, how the child perspective forms a basis for the social workers work with young people/children who are exposed to honour-related violence/abuse. The following questions are specified; how do social workers describe their work with honour- related violence and oppression? How can the choices the social workers makes in the work with honour-related violence against children be understood in relation to the child perspective? Method: The study is based on six qualitative semi-structured interviews with social workers at the social services. The results in this study have been analyzed with the help of theory childhood sociology and previous research. Result: The study results show that all interviewees experienced difficulties in the work of handling different cases. Among other things, they considered that with the information they receive, it is difficult to make a correct risk assessment. Interviewees experienced difficulties in the individuals changing their stories. The study also shows that the social workers try to help children become involved in issues that concern them and that they take into account the child's perspective and the child's best interests.

Studiens syfte var att undersöka skolors och skolkuratorers arbete med att uppmärksamma, förebygga och motverka hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck. Intervjuer genomfördes med sex skolkuratorer i en kvalitativ intervjustudie. Resultatet visade varierande erfarenheter gällande skolans arbete med och kunskap om problematiken. En stor del av skolkuratorerna beskrev en avsaknad av en handlingsplan och riktade insatser specifikt mot hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck medan ett fåtal beskrev ett mer utvecklat och inriktat arbete mot problematiken. Mänskliga rättigheter och barnkonventionen visade sig vara grundläggande beståndsdelar i det förebyggande och motverkande arbetet och att kunskap och relationen till eleven är av vikt för att kunna uppmärksamma och upptäcka problematiken. Samverkan, organisatoriska faktorer samt sociala konstruktioner ansågs påverka handlingsutrymmet och arbetet med hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck. Resultatet visade även ett behov av ständig kompetensutveckling samt att det förebyggande och motverkande arbetet alltid måste utvecklas och uppdateras. / The aim of the study was to examine how schools and school counselors pay attention to, prevent and counteract honour related violence and oppression. Six school counselors were interviewed in a qualitative study. Results showed varying experiences regarding the school’s work with and knowledge of the problem. A majority described a lack of an action plan and specific interventions against honour related violence and oppression while a few described a focused work against the problem. Human rights and the Convention on the Rights of the Child were fundamental components of the preventive and counteracting work and that knowledge and the relationship with the student are important to be able to pay attention to and identify the problem. Collaboration, organizational factors and social constructions affected the work and discretion. The results demonstrate a need for constant competence development and that preventive and counteracting work must always be developed and updated.

This thesis examines the Swedish government’s politics that aim to counteract honor related violence and oppression. The study uses a qualitative text analysis to interpret how the concept of honor related crimes is represented in two government documents. Moreover, the thesis applies an intersectional perspective on the analysis, in order to examine whether the Swedish government considers multiple power structures in their representation of the problem with honor related violence and oppression. Also, the study investigates which individuals or groups that, explicitly or implicitly, are assumed to be included in the government’s representation of the issue. The result of the analysis shows that honor related crimes are represented to be caused by strong patriarchal and heteronormative values. Consequently, girls and young women and LGBT people are assumed to be particularly vulnerable groups. Furthermore, the interpretation of the documents implicitly suggests that honor related violence and oppression mainly is represented to be a problem for people with other ethnic background. Finally, the analysis shows some intersectional awareness in the representation of honor related crimes, although less so in the suggested measures.

The intention of this qualitative study is to gain an in-depth understanding of how women break away from honor-related violence and oppression, and how they can be understood in relation to gender and honor-culture. This is done by analyzing the autobiographical text of six different young women describing their experiences of being victims of honor-related violence and oppression. The study shows that it isn't easy for young girls to get out of the oppression and violence. There are several different factors as to why some of them stay and don't seek help. Instead, they feel guilt. It is a long process for the girls, where they have to get past different stages. The last stage for the young woman is understanding, in order for her to heal and move on in life she has to understand what she has gone through and process it, and also reflect on it. This can lead to great sadness for the young woman, thoughts about why they stayed for that long and wasted their own life and time.

Honor-related violence and oppression (HRVO) became a public and state concern in Sweden in the late 1990´s. The murders of three young girls in the name of “honor” sparked a vigorous scholarly and public debate on the causes of honor-related violence (HRV). Two main conflicting explanations emerged, and the phenomenon was constructed to have either cultural roots or seen as a form of patriarchal violence against women. Since then the debate has continued to raise much polemic in the Swedish society. The aim of this study was to gain deeper understanding of how social workers perceive and manage the conflicting discourses on HRVO in Sweden. The study is based on qualitative interviews with 12 key agents working with HRVO. The in-depth interviews were thematically analyzed. The inductive approach used resulted in nuanced findings that show that a cultural reductionism narrative is perceived as dominant regarding how HRVO is explained and tackled. This and the lack of consensus between conflicting perspectives on how HRVO should be explained has greatly affected the social practice with people that experience HRVO. The findings of this study also indicate that a more inclusive and nuanced framework needs to be utilized to address HRVO.

Den polariserade debatten om hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck i Sverige har karaktäriserats av å ena sidan en feministisk förklaringsmodell, å andra sidan en kulturspecifik förståelse av problemet. Debatten har sipprat ner till det sociala arbetet och orsakat osäkerhet hos socialarbetare i arbetet med hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck. Socialstyrelsen, som utgör den primära kunskapskällan för socialtjänstensarbete, bidrar inte med tillräckligt stöd för professionella i denna fråga. Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur problemrepresentationer av hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck produceras genom diskurser i ett urval av Socialstyrelsens kunskapsstöd. Med hjälp av en postkolonial feministisk ansats och diskursanalytisk metod med utgångspunkt i Bacchis angreppssätt ”What’s the problem represented to be?” identifierades och analyserades tre olika diskurser. Vi fann att hedersrelaterat våld och förtryck och patriarkalt förtryck framställdes som ett ”osvenskt” problem, liksom motsägelser mellan problemframställningar och föreslagna insatser. Begreppet ”hederskontext” är centralt i Socialstyrelsens inramning av problemet, men begreppet definieras aldrig utan används snarare för att dölja Andrefiering av våldsutsatta. / The debate on honor-related violence and abuse in Sweden has been characterized by two polarized understandings of the issue, one being feminist and the other a culture-based understanding. This has affected social workers who work with these issues to a point of uncertainty. The National Board of Health and Welfare (NBHW), the Swedish authority responsible for producing guidelines for social workers, has not contributed with enough support in this matter. The aim of this study is to analyze how problem representations of honor-related violence and abuse are produced through discourses in a selection of guidelines published by NBHW. The study takes a postcolonial feminist approach and uses Bacchi’s “What’s the problem represented to be?” approach for analyzing policy. The discourses found seem to be contradicting one another and after reviewing the material, we found that NBHW uses the concept of "honor context" to frame the problem. However, this concept is never properly defined or explained, but is rather used to disguise an Othering of victims of honor-related violence and abuse.

Refugee espionage, the act of spying on individuals to gather information for a foreign state, is illegal in Sweden. In this study, this phenomenon is considered part of transnational repression, an increasing threat against primarily dissidents posed by authoritarian states.  By using the method of qualitative content analysis on texts from the Swedish parliament and four large Swedish newspapers, the study attempts to answer questions about the debate on refugee espionage in the Swedish parliament and media. The timespan ranges from 2014- 2023. How do debaters talk about sovereignty and national security in relation to refugee espionage? Do debaters discuss the digital dimension: the opportunities, and risks from digital technology, in relation to refugee espionage?  The theoretical perspective is based on Lucas Kello’s cybertheory in international relations, on how cyberspace alters relations between states and has the possibility of expanding and enhancing ways to perform espionage.  Results reveal that debaters see refugee espionage as a threat to both Swedish sovereignty and national security. However, the debate rarely touches on concerns with digital technology as a mean to use refugee espionage against a state.

Honor-related violence and oppression are societal issues that are relevant to social work. However, it is an under-researched area with a lack of knowledge, especially regarding boys and young men in an honor context. The existing research primarily focuses on girls and women. The aim of this study was to describe the content of public publications regarding social work on honor-related violence and oppression in relation to boys and young men. The focus was to examine how boys and young men in an honor context are described as both victims and perpetrators. In addition to that, the study also aimed to investigate the interventions available for this target group. Thematic content analysis was used to address the research questions and objectives by analyzing and thematizing the content of public publications. The findings of this study indicate that boys and young men exist in dual roles as both victims and perpetrators, but more emphasis is often placed on their role as perpetrators rather than victims, as girls' and women's victimization is considered more extensive. Furthermore, the study suggests that there are few interventions specifically targeted at boys and young men living in an honor context. The available interventions mainly focus on victims. The results have been analyzed using power theory and street-levelbureaucracy theory. The analysis demonstrates that power is a central aspect in both an honor context and the practice of social work, and that the structure of street-level bureaucracy affects work with this target group. Therefore, this study concludes that more knowledge and work are needed regarding boys and young men in an honor context.