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Showing 1 to 3 of 3 (0.118 seconds)Spelling suggestions: "subject:"finansiella innovation""
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En blockkedja på den svenska värdepappersmarknaden? : En undersökande studie om blockkedjeteknikens potential och användningsområden / Blockchain in the Swedish Securities Market? : An exploratory study about the potential of the Blockchain technology and its applicationsSigurdsson, Johanna, Weimer, Line January 2018 (has links)
Bakgrund: Den svenska värdepappersmarknaden utgörs av en komplex marknadsstruktur med många intermediärer. En av de senast introducerade teknikerna är blockkedjetekniken, som ska förenkla interaktionen mellan aktörer. Tekniken är en distribuerad databas som byg- ger på en kedja av block där transaktioner och information kan registreras utan inblandning av tredje part. Finansiella aktörer undersöker blockkedjeteknikens användningsområden och potential, men som med alla innovationer uppkommer även utmaningar. Det är således av relevans att undersöka vilka användningsområden, utmaningar och påverkan som identi- fieras för blockkedjetekniken på värdepappersmarknaden. Syfte: Studien syftar till att undersöka vilka användningsområden, utmaningar samt påver- kan på marknaden och dess intermediärer som identifieras för blockkedjetekniken på den svenska värdepappersmarknaden. Metod: För att besvara studiens syfte har en kvalitativ ansats tillämpats för att erhålla en djupare förståelse för fenomenet. Det genomfördes fem stycken semistrukturerade intervjuer med verksamma aktörer på den svenska värdepappersmarknaden och en intervju med en sakkunnig inom blockkedjeteknik. Slutsats: Studien visar att blockkedjetekniken har potential att automatisera och effektivi- sera manuella processer. Men teknikens fulla potential begränsas av rådande regelverk och en begränsad volymkapacitet. I studien framgår det att tekniken inte är applicerbar på de affärsområden som omfattar stora volymer, exempelvis clearing och avveckling av aktier. Vid implementering av enbart en blockkedja minskar informationsasymmetrier och transakt- ionskostnader. Men för närvarande finns ingen teknisk lösning för en interaktion mellan olika blockkedjor, vilket kan bidra till en ökad grad av informationsasymmetri. Studien har således bidragit till en ökad förståelse för blockkedjeteknikens potentiella applicerbarhet och påverkan på den svenska värdepappersmarknaden. / Background: The Swedish Securities Market structure is complex with many intermediar- ies. Blockchain is one of the latest introduced technologies, which offers a new way of inter- action. It is a distributed ledger which builds on a chain of blocks where transactions and information is registered without the need for a third party. Financial market players are in- vestigating the potential of the technology and its applications, but as with all new innova- tions there will be challenges. Thus it is of relevance to investigate applications, challenges and potential impact of the Blockchain technology in the Swedish Securities Market. Aim: The study aims to examine potential applications, challenges and impact the Block- chain technology can have on the Swedish Securities Market and its intermediaries. Completion: To fulfill the aim of the study and attain a deeper knowledge about Blockchain a qualitative research method has been applied. Five semi structured interviews were con- ducted with market players operating on the Swedish Securities Market. Furthermore one semi structured interview has been conducted with a Blockchain expert. Conclusion: The study concludes that Blockchain has the potential to automate and streamline manually performed processes. However the full potential is restrained by pre- vailing regulations and technical limitations concerning the volume capacity. The study con- cludes that Blockchain cannot be implemented for business areas which includes large amount of volume transactions, for example clearing and settlement of shares. If only one single Blockchain is implemented the information asymmetry and the transaction costs can be reduced. However there is no solution for enabling interaction between multiple Block- chains, which can increase the degree of information asymmetry. The contribution of the study is an increased knowledge of Blockchain and its potential for the Swedish Securities Market.
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Mortgage funds : Examining the emergence of new mortgage finance methods in Sweden / Bolånefonder : En undersökning av nya finansieringsmetoder för bolånBetts, Abdul January 2018 (has links)
Recent reports from the Swedish Financial supervisory authority and the Swedish competition agency suggest that while bank profitability is high in Sweden, the dominant position of a handful of actors have created a situation where consumers are left displeased. The mortgage market has been highlighted as one of the most concerning markets and yet, gross margins on mortgages are reaching record levels. However, as of recent, two new actors have announced their intention to challenge the incumbent banks by importing a new mortgage financing method from the Netherlands. The financing model is rooted in the creation of a mortgage fund and could have several particularly interesting implications for the Swedish mortgage market. Thus, the purpose of this thesis is to examine mortgage funds and its ability to change current market structures in Sweden. By examining the relationship between return on assets and cost-to-income ratios for Swedish mortgage brokers during 2011-2017, the level of competition on the Swedish mortgage market is estimated and examined in relation to the introduction of mortgage funds. It is found that the introduction of mortgage funds in Sweden have caused a structural shift of the market by altering the value-chain of Swedish mortgages. The conclusion of this study is that mortgage funds, if managed correctly, can be a helpful addition to the Swedish mortgage market by bolstering competition and diversity. / Finansinspektionen och konkurrensverket har nyligen konstaterat en rad problematiska områden gällande den svenska bolånemarknaden. I sina rapporter konstateras det bland annat att den dominanta positionen som storbankerna håller hämmar konkursen och begränsar konsumenternas valmöjligheter. Samtidigt har storbankerna genererat rekordvinster med just bolån som kassako under det senaste året. Emellertid så har ett antal nya nisch aktörer börja dyka upp på marknaden, där vissa använder sig av alternativa finansieringsmetoder som konkurrensfördel. En sådan finansieringsform är bolånefonder där utgivandet av bolån finanserna genom en fond som riktar sig till institutionella investerare. Modellen med bolånefonder är intressant utifrån et flertal perspektiv, inte minst för dess framgångar på den holländska marknaden där det den lyckats öppna bryta upp marknaden. Syftet med denna studie är således att undersöka bolån som finansieringsmetod i Sverige samt dess möjligheter att bryta upp konkurrensen på den svenska bolånemarknaden. Genom att undersöka förhållandet mellan avkastning på eget kapital och kostnadsinkomstförhållande bland svenska bolåneaktörer under 2011–2017 uppskattas konkurrensen på den svenska bolånemarknaden i relation till bolånefonder. Resultaten indikerar att bolånefonder är ett tydligt exempel på ett skifte av värdekedjan för bolån. Vidare så visar studien att bolånefonder under rätt förhållanden kan vara ett positivt tillskott till den svenskan bolånemarknaden genom att öka effektiviteten och främja konkurrensen.
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Finansiella instrument : En rättsekonomisk analys av värdepappersmarknadens grundläggande rättshandlingar / Financial instruments : A law and economics analysis of the fundamental contracts of the capital marketsLindblad, Anton January 2022 (has links)
This thesis evaluates and constructs a general, product-neutral legal concept and model of financial instruments, as opposed to the product-dependent definitions currently employed in contemporary capital markets law. Through a combination of law and economics perspectives, legal history, and comparative analysis, the study examines the various types of financial instruments currently and previously in use. The legal characteristics and features of these instruments are evaluated and compared, leading to the identification of commonalities that can be used to define a product-neutral concept. The thesis argues that such a concept is more beneficial to the function of the capital markets by removing obstacles for financial innovation while also providing a consistent way to ensure that new financial products are governed by the same regulatory framework as comparable instruments.The thesis also examines the historical evolution of financial instruments and how it has been driven by the evolution of international trade and the demand and surplus of available capital. The proposed concept is applied to current financial instruments, including equity and debt, as well as pre-modern markets, and evaluated in terms of regulation, practical use, and legal characteristics such as transferability and negotiability.The research of this thesis encountered several challenges and limitations. Firstly, the historical and comparative analysis proved difficult to carry out, due to limitation in available source material and language related restrictions, respectively. These limitations were overcome by limiting the scope and by employing contacts with law firms in the respective jurisdictions. Secondly, several key issues proved to require further research to be able to provide definitive conclusions. Such research would have been out of scope and as such, simplified explanations and models were employed. The thesis concludes with a discussion of the practical implications of the proposed concept, including its application to cryptocurrencies and similar assets, and identifies potential areas for future research.
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