A inovação é um importante meio para que as empresas possam aumentar sua competitividade e assim sobreviver em um cenário de economia global e mercados cada vez mais exigentes. Partindo de uma extensa pesquisa na literatura sobre inovação, notamos uma abundancia de estudos sobre este tema. Porém, a quase totalidade deles está direcionada para grandes empresas. Para minimizar esta lacuna, este trabalho teve como foco o estudo da gestão da inovação em empresas de micro, pequeno e médio porte. Esta delimitação justifica-se por este segmento representar uma parcela significativa da economia nacional, mas, como já é sabido, seus índices de sobrevivência ainda são baixos. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o grau de maturidade no tocante à gestão da inovação das empresas pertencentes ao Arranjo Produtivo Local do Vale da Eletrônica, localizado em Santa Rita do Sapucaí. Para tanto, em cada empresa de nossa amostra (41 empresas de aproximadamente 160 localizadas na região) foram analisadas suas práticas de Gestão da Inovação. Foram analisadas cinco dimensões que a compõe, são elas: Estratégia, Processos Internos, Ambiente Externo, Estrutura Organizacional e Cultura. Outro indicador analisado foi o desempenho inovativo alcançado por essas empresas nos três anos anteriores a coleta. O resultado foi que todas as dimensões da Gestão da Inovação possuem uma associação linear positiva com o desempenho inovativo, quando analisadas separadamente. No entanto, devido a alta correlação entre as variáveis independes (cinco dimensões), quando da análise de regressão linear múltipla, apenas Cultura bastou para mostrar uma relação positiva e linear com o Desempenho Inovativo, as demais variáveis foram excluídas deste modelo. Conclui-se que empresas que adotam práticas ligadas a gestão da inovação tem um desempenho inovativo superior. / Innovation is an important way for companies to increase competitiveness and thus survive in a global economy environment with increasingly demanding markets. From extensive research on innovation literature, we noticed an abundance of studies on this topic. However, almost all are directed to large companies. To reduce the gap, this paper focuses on innovation management in micro, small and medium businesses. This limitation is justified, for this segment represents a significant portion of the national economy, but, as is well known, their survival rates are still low. The aim of this study is to assess the degree of maturity with respect to Innovation Management of enterprises belonging to the Local Productive Arrangement of the Electronics Valley, located in Santa Rita do Sapucaí. Therefore, each company in our sample (41 of approximately 160 companies in the region) had its Innovation Management. Practices analyzed. Five dimensions were considered: Strategy, Internal Processes, External Environment, Organizational Structure and Culture. Innovative performance achieved by these companies in the three years prior to collection was also analyzed. Results showed that all dimensions of Innovation Management have a positive linear association with innovative performance when analyzed separately. However, because of the high correlation between the independent variables (five dimensions), multiple linear regression analysis proved Culture alone was enough to show a positive linear relationship with Innovative Performance and other variables were excluded from this model. We conclude that companies adopting practices related to Innovation Management display higher innovative performance.

Neste trabalho o estágio pós-doutoral é visto como um item de treinamento, desenvolvimento e educação próprio da carreira acadêmica, que atua como instrumento de atualização, reciclagem docente e incremento de conhecimento, por meio da socialização e contato entre pesquisadores. A presente pesquisa é exploratória, de abrangência nacional e tem como objetivo principal analisar qual o impacto do estágio pós-doutoral no exterior sobre o desempenho de docentes e programas de pós-graduação brasileiros. Para esse intento o estudo trabalhou em duas vertentes e que produziram resultados convergentes; uma vertente se pautou no levantamento da produção docente antes e depois da realização do pós-doutorado, basicamente utilizando como fonte de dados secundários o sistema Lattes, onde a construção de um Índice de Desempenho - ID, permitiu uma pesquisa exaustiva e objetiva acerca da produção científica e da produção técnica dos participantes, e outra vertente, pautou-se na coleta de dados primários por meio da aplicação de questionário estruturado com escalas psicométricas para mensurar a percepção e o julgamento dos docentes sobre o pós-doutorado e o seu impacto. Foram convidados a participar do survey todos os 2.565 docentes egressos do Programa de Estágio Pós-doutoral no Exterior, atuantes na pós-graduação e que tiveram bolsa da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES, no período de 1996 a 2008 (1996, ano de criação do programa, a 2008 quando este foi desmembrado em dois subprogramas); a taxa de retorno dos questionários enviados foi de 38,1% e configurou uma amostra de 978 professores participantes. O presente levantamento cobre todas as regiões geográficas do país e abrange todas as grandes áreas do conhecimento. Com o método de coleta bifurcado, no panorama ex ante e ex post do desempenho acadêmico, a pesquisa encontrou como resultado um impacto moderado do pós-doutorado sobre as publicações e pesquisas e um impacto quase nulo sobre o desempenho dos docentes em atividades técnico-científicas. Em relação ao questionário aplicado, as escalas utilizadas mostraram bons índices de confiabilidade e o resultado acerca das visões e das percepções dos docentes, também não foi entusiasta, registrou-se a percepção de impacto moderado e positivo sobre o trabalho docente e prevaleceu uma tendência de registro do julgamento por parte dos participantes de que o pós-doutorado no exterior possui impacto moderado e positivo sobre as atividades de pesquisa, um impacto menor sobre atividades de ensino-pesquisa e um impacto praticamente inexistente e pouco expressivo sobre as atividades de extensão universitária. Os resultados, no entanto são muito ricos e vão muito além do que os aqui expressos e sintetizados neste resumo, assim convidamos o leitor que se interesse pelo tema a passear por essa tese em sua íntegra, para acessar com maior amplitude às questões levantadas acerca do pós-doutorado e o seu efeito percebido pelos docentes no nível individual e o seu efeito julgado no nível do coletivo, bem como, em especial a influência do pós-doutorado sobre o desempenho docente no que diz respeito ao aumento da produção acadêmica e o cenário desafiador do contexto das produções docentes amplas que vão além das publicações em revistas especializadas e produções científicas no sistema de pós-graduação. / This research consider the post-doctoral stage as an item of training, development and education typical of the academic career, which operates as professor recycling, upgrade and knowledge increase instrument, by means of the socialization and the join contact of researchers professors. The main goal of the present research exploratory is to investigate what is the impact of the post-doctoral stage abroad on the professor\'s performance and programs of Brazilian Graduate Studies. For this purpose the study worked in two fronts and that produced convergent outputs, a front was based in weighing of the professor production before and after of post-doctoral realization basically using as a secondary data source the Lattes system, where the construction of a performance index allowed an ample and objective research of analysis of scientific production and technical production of the participants, and another front structured questionnaires were used for primary data collection via psychometric scales to measure the perception and the judgment of professors about the post-doctoral and its impact. Were invited to join the survey, all the 2.565 egresses professors of the program of post-doctoral stage abroad, active in graduate studies and that have scholarship of the Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (CAPES), in the period 1996-2008 (1996, year of program creation, to 2008 when it was divided into two subprograms); the return rate of the questionnaires sent out was 38.1% which set up a sample of 978 professors participants. This survey covers all geographical regions of Brazil and covers all areas of knowledge. With the collection method bifurcated, in the perspective of academic performance ex- ante and ex-post, the research found a result of moderate impact on the publications and researches and an impact almost null on the professor\'s performance in technical-scientific activities. In relation the questionnaire applied, the scales used presented good levels of reliability and the result about the visions and professors perceptions, also was not enthusiastic, was registered the perception of moderate and positive impact on the professor work and prevailed a tendency de register of judgment that the postdoctoral abroad has moderate and positive impact on the researches activities, an impact less on the teaching-research and an impact practically nonexistent and little expressive in university extension activities. The results nonetheless are very rich and goes beyond the here expressed an synthesized this abstract, thus invite the reader, who has familiarity with Portuguese and that interest in the theme to walk this thesis in its entirety, to access with higher amplitude the questions raised about the postdoctoral studies and its effect judged in level of the collective, as well as in special the influence postdoctoral on the professor performance regarding the increase of scientific production and the defiant scenario of ample professor productions scenario which go beyond of publications in specialized journals and scientific productions in the graduate studies system.

Submitted by GETULIO MENEZES BENTO (getulio.gmb@dpf.gov.br) on 2013-10-15T18:21:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert_ver_public.pdf: 1127257 bytes, checksum: 04dea18a3648735a7e0de888483a5b37 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2013-11-08T18:30:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert_ver_public.pdf: 1127257 bytes, checksum: 04dea18a3648735a7e0de888483a5b37 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marcia Bacha (marcia.bacha@fgv.br) on 2013-11-11T16:10:55Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert_ver_public.pdf: 1127257 bytes, checksum: 04dea18a3648735a7e0de888483a5b37 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-11-11T16:11:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissert_ver_public.pdf: 1127257 bytes, checksum: 04dea18a3648735a7e0de888483a5b37 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-09-27 / Few issues have been characterized by as much agree ment among organizational researchers as the importance of innovation to orga nizational competitiveness and effectiveness. The theme of innovation is as import ant as is its vast and diverse literature. But, if on one hand it recognizes the i mportance of the issue, on the other hand, it turns out that the understanding of innova tive behavior in organizations remains relatively undeveloped, especially in the p ublic sector. From the point of view of the innovation management, the question arises w hat are the organizational factors that determine the innovation capability in the organization. In this respect, the aim of this study was to identify the character istics and organizational factors driving or inhibiting the innovation process at the National Institute of Criminalistics and Technical-Scientific Directorate, considering t he organization members' perception who were involved with the development o f innovative ideas in the studied environment. For this purpose, a survey was conduct ed to assess the perception of the subjects about 15 factors relevant to innovatio n processes, postulated by researchers of the Minnesota Innovation Research Pr ogram - MIRP, University of Minnesota. The sample was composed of 62 organizati onal actors who returned the questionnaire sent to 79 experts, who were involved in the development of 42 different innovative ideas. Results indicated that ten factors (67%) induced the development of innovative processes while three fac tors (20%) inhibited these processes. Two factors had little convergence of an swers, so that results do not allow to conclude whether these factors acted foste ring or inhibiting innovation. Results confirmed the research assumption that the organizational environment provides mechanisms for fostering innovations. / Poucos temas apresentam tanta concordância entre os pesquisadores organizacionais como a importância da inovação para o desempenho e a efetividade organizacional. O tema inovação é tão importante quanto é vasta e diversificada a sua literatura. Mas, se por um lado, se reconhece a importância do tema, por outro, se constata que o entendimento do comportamento inovador nas organizações permanece ainda relativamente pouco desenvolvido, sobretudo no setor público. Do ponto de vista da gestão da inovação, interessa saber quais são os fatores organizacionais que determinam a capacidade que a organização tem para inovar. Nesse aspecto, o objetivo deste estudo foi identificar as características e os fatores organizacionais indutores ou inibidores dos processos de inovação no Instituto Nacional de Criminalística e na Diretoria Técnico-Científica da Polícia Federal, na percepção dos sujeitos que se envolveram com o desenvolvimento de ideias inovadoras no ambiente pesquisado. Com esse propósito, foi realizado um levantamento a fim de avaliar a percepção dos sujeitos da pesquisa quanto a 15 fatores característicos relevantes para os processos de inovação, postulados pelos pesquisadores do Minnesota Innovation Research Program – MIRP, da Universidade de Minnesota. A amostra obtida foi composta de 62 atores organizacionais que retornaram o questionário, encaminhado para 79 peritos, que se envolveram no desenvolvimento ou implantação de 42 diferentes ideias inovadoras. Os resultados indicaram que dos 15 fatores analisados, dez fatores (67%) foram percebidos como indutores dos processos de inovação enquanto três fatores (20%) foram percebidos como inibidores desses processos. Dois fatores obtiveram pouca convergência das respostas, de forma que os dados obtidos não permitiram concluir se tais fatores atuavam favorecendo ou inibindo o desenvolvimento de inovações no ambiente pesquisado. Os resultados confirmaram o pressuposto levantado na pesquisa de que o ambiente organizacional pesquisado apresenta elementos característicos que favorecem o desenvolvimento de inovações.

Utifrån en föränderlig omvärld har allt fler organisationer insett att de inte kan agera oberoende av omgivningen. Förändringarna beskrivs ofta i termer av mer intensiv konkurrensen, kortare livscykler för produkter och tjänster samt ständig teknikutveckling. Internet och den digitala transformationen har dessutom skapat en övergång till den digitala ekonomin vilket omvandlat grundläggande antaganden för flertalet affärsmodeller. Den intensifierade konkurrensen, teknologiska utvecklingen och ökade rörligheten av kunskap har resulterat i att allt fler organisationer måste analysera sitt sätt att organisera och styra innovationsarbetet för att öka innovationsförmågan. Mot bakgrund av de förändrade spelreglerna bör det ifrågasättas om interna innovationsprocesser är den mest framgångsrika strategin för att generera förutsättningar för en ökad innovationsförmåga. I linje med detta visar en tydlig trend under de senare åren att allt fler organisationer utforskar och efterfrågar kunskap från ett omfångsrikare spektrum av källor än tidigare. Detta åskådliggörs genom hur allt fler organisationer utnyttjar kunskapsflöden från nätverk utanför den egna organisationens gränser. Innovationsprocesser som fångar kunskapsflöden utifrån ett nätverkssynsätt ger upphov till nya potentiella fördelar för innovationsförmågan. En av de möjliga fördelarna beskrivs som kombinationen av interna och externa kunskaper. Förskjutningen från interna till mer öppna innovationsprocesser, innebär dock att innovationsstyrningen måste förändras. Med öppna innovationsprocesser har det uppdagats nya utmaningar, något som till stor del grundas i den bärande idén om involvering av flertalet individer. En central utmaning handlar om att styra öppna innovationsprocesser utan formell auktoritet över samtliga individer. Syftet med denna studie har därmed varit att identifiera och analysera vad som kännetecknar öppna innovationsprocesser och styrningsaspekterna för att öka innovationsförmågan. Utifrån en litteraturstudie upprättades ett styrningskoncept för att analysera, förklara och utveckla begrepp inom öppna innovationsprocesser. Styrningskonceptet kan beskrivas som ett paraply under vilket författaren samlar praktiska aspekter som kan utnyttjas på olika sätt för att styra en öppen innovationsprocess med målsättningen att öka innovationsförmågan. Den empiriska delen omfattar en fallstudie innehållande nio stycken intervjuer av innovationsstyrningen inom Lindholmen Science Park. Det är en internationell samverkansmiljö för forskning och innovation. Resultatet påvisar vikten av en flexibel styrning där fokus riktas mot ständig följsamhet gentemot den externa kontexten. Dessutom poängteras ledningen av till synes oförenliga paradoxer, där vikten av att vara ”både och” för att hantera olika motsatsförhållanden konstateras som viktigt. Dessutom fastslås betydelsen av ledare som frigör den inneboende innovationskraften genom nyfikenheten att lära och ett varaktigt fokus på att etablera relationer för att bygga tillit. / Based on a changing environment, more organizations have realized that they cant act independently of the environment. The changes are often described in terms of more intense competition, shorter life cycles for products and services and constant technology development. Internet and digital transformation has also created a transition to the digital economy which transforms assumptions for most business models. Intensified competition, technological development and increased mobility of knowledge, has resulted in that more organizations need to analyze the way they organize and manage innovation efforts to increase the capacity for innovation. In view of the changing rules of the game, it should be questioned whether internal innovation processes are the most successful strategy to generate conditions for increased innovation capabilities. In line with this, a clear trend in recent years points out that more organizations explore and demand knowledge from a wider range of sources than before. This is illustrated by how more organizations utilize knowledge flows from networks beyond the boundaries of their own organization. Innovation processes that capture knowledge flows based on a networking perspective gives new potential benefits for the innovation capabilities. One of the possible benefits is described as the combination of internal and external knowledge. However, the shift from internal to more open innovation processes, means that the innovation management must change. With open innovation processes, new challenges has been discovered, largely based on the supportive idea of involving more individuals. A central challenge is to control open innovation processes without formal authority over all individuals. Thus, the purpose of this study has been to identify and analyze what characterizes open innovation processes and governance aspects in order to increase the innovation capabilities. Based on a literature study, a management concept was established to analyze, explain and develop concepts in open innovation processes. The management concept can be described as an umbrella under which the author brings together practical aspects that can be utilized in different ways to manage an open innovation process with the aim of increasing innovation capabilities. The empirical part comprises a case study containing nine interviews of the innovation management within Lindholmen Science Park. It is an international environment for research and innovation. The result demonstrates the importance of flexible governance, focusing on constant compliance with the external context. In addition, the management of seemingly incompatible paradoxes is poached, where the importance of dealing with different opposites is found important. In addition, the result underline the importance of leaders who releases the inherent power of innovation by curiosity for learning and a sustained focus on establishing relationships to build trust.

This study presents the process of a model development for intellectual property management system created through the use of contextual tasks analysis methodology (CTA), which aims to obtain requirements for software development by using the user view. This process is demonstrated by the flowcharts described in relation to the end activities in a case study in the NIT/UFSM, specifically in the referral of requests for protection of invention (patent). It was applied a suggestible approach for requirements gathering in order to generate support for a more appropriate development of an Intellectual Property Management System (IPMS), which will contribute in the processes management of the analyzed case. Likewise, this study helped by providing data that explain the importance of the use of management tools as a way of improving the performance of the intellectual property production of organizations, demonstrating the performance of the archivist and his/her entrepreneurial and proactive profile in a multidisciplinary environment. Thus, positive results were presented through the development and dissemination of patent flowcharts and with activities structuring, which improve the efficiency of data recovery and, consequently, improve the increase of innovation capacity of the organization. / Esta pesquisa apresenta o processo de desenvolvimento de um modelo para sistema de gestão de propriedade intelectual criado através do uso de metodologia de análise contextual de tarefas (ACT), a qual visa obter requisitos para desenvolvimento de software através do uso da visão do usuário. Esse processo é demonstrado através de fluxogramas descritos referentes às atividades-fim em um estudo de caso no NIT/UFSM, especificamente no encaminhamento de pedidos de proteção de propriedade intelectual. Foi empregada a abordagem sugestionada para o levantamento de requisitos com o objetivo de gerar subsídios para o desenvolvimento mais adequado de um sistema de gestão de propriedade intelectual (SGPI), o qual servirá de contribuição para a gestão de processos do caso analisado. Da mesma forma, essa pesquisa colaborou fornecendo dados que explicitam a importância do uso de ferramentas gerenciais como forma de melhoria no desempenho da proteção da produção intelectual das organizações, demonstrando o desempenho do arquivista e seu perfil empreendedor e proativo em um ambiente multidisciplinar. Assim, apresentaram-se resultados positivos através do desenvolvimento e difusão de fluxogramas de patente e com a estruturação das atividades, melhorando a eficiência da recuperação de dados e consequentemente no aumento da capacidade de inovar da organização.

本研究旨在探討高等學校組織內部行銷、知識管理與創新經營之相互關係，並依據研究結果提出相關建議。植基於文獻探討，研究建構了三個潛在變項間的影響路徑模式，並提出相關研究工具。研究採問卷調查法，以廣東省702名高校專任教師為研究對象，並分別以描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定，單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關以及結構方程模式等統計方法對研究資料進行分析。依據資料分析與討論，本研究獲得如下研究結論： 一、廣東省高校組織內部行銷、知識管理與創新經營之現況大致良好。 二、高校教師對高校組織內部行銷的知覺，會因教師的職稱、學校類型、學校歷史與學校所屬區域之不同而存在顯著差異。 三、高校教師對高校知識管理的知覺，會因教師的年齡、職稱、學校歷史、學校規模與學校所屬區域之不同而存在顯著差異。 四、高校教師對高校創新經營的知覺，會因教師的年齡、學校歷史、學校規模與學校所屬區域之不同而存在顯著差異。 五、高校組織內部行銷、知識管理與創新經營之間兩兩正向相關。 六、高校組織內部行銷、知識管理與創新經營之間具有顯著影響關係。 七、高校組織內部行銷可直接影響創新經營，亦可透過知識管理之中介機制，間接對創新經營產生正向影響。 八、本研究所建構的高校組織內部行銷、知識管理與創新經營結構方程模式具有良好的適配度。 最後，本研究依據研究結果提出相關建議，以供高等教育行政管理部門、高校及未來研究之參酌。 / The main purposes of this study were to explore the interactive relationships of organization internal marketing, knowledge management, and innovation management in higher education institutions in Guangdong province. Based on the literature review, this study constructed a path model among three potential variables, and developed research instruments as well. The participants in this study were 702 full-time teachers at higher education institutions in Guangdong province. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlations analysis , and SEM. The findings were as follows: 1.Teachers' perception of organization internal marketing, knowledge management, and innovation management is positive. 2. Teachers of different job title, and different types, history and location of higher education institutions showed significant differences on teachers’ perception of organization internal marketing. 3. Teachers of different age, job title, and different history and location of the higher education institutions showed significant differences on teachers’ perception of knowledge management. 4. Teachers of different age, and different history, size and location of the higher education institutions showed significant differences on teachers’ perception of innovation management. 5. There were positive correlations among organization internal marketing, knowledge management, and innovation management. 6. Both organization internal marketing and knowledge management showed a positive direct effect on innovation management. 7. Knowledge management partially mediated the effect of organization internal marketing on innovation management. 8. The SEM model of organization internal marketing, knowledge management, and innovation management exhibited good fit. Based on the results, there are suggestions particularly for education authority, leaders of higher education institutions and for further research.

This research is an attempt to obtain insight in the influence of ICT and the information society on the labour environment of the officers of the Netherlands Defence Organization and to determine the competence of those officers in a number of information, communication and technological areas associated with the changed ways of working in the information society as they are discussed in the literature. What was found is that a substantial number of officers are not fully prepared to participate in the new ways of working required in the information society. The implications of those findings for a digital learning environment for the Netherlands Defence Academy are discussed and a general model for information, communication and technological competencies for managers in the information society is proposed based on the results of the case study. / Thesis (PhD (Computer-Integrated Education))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Curriculum Studies / unrestricted

Cette thèse de doctorat s’intéresse à la nature des innovations générées par les acteurs et à la gestion dialectique des phases d’exploitation et d’exploration au cours d’un processus d’innovation socio-économique, à partir d’une recherche-intervention longitudinale conduite dans une entreprise de service pendant cinq ans. Elle positionne ce processus dans le champ des processus d’innovation ambidextres et analyse s’il y a poursuite simultanée d’actions d’innovation d’exploitation et d’exploration dans le cadre d’un processus de changement organisationnel piloté et instrumenté basé sur le recyclage des dysfonctionnements en actions d’innovation. / This doctoral dissertation focus on the nature of innovation generated by the actors and on the dialectic management of exploitation and exploration phases among the socio-economic (SEAM) innovation process. The research is based on an intervention-research carried out during five years in a SME from computing industry. It aims at putting this innovation process is the field of ambidextrous innovation process. In the framework of a steered and instrumented organizational change process, this research is presenting the recycling of dysfunctions into innovation actions.

The innovation laboratories support and foster the systematic development of innovations by bringing the people, environment and the methodological expertise together. Such type of structures play a major role in leveraging the existing methods and tools in the field of service innovation on one hand, and adapting the new methodological approaches to the field on the other hand. Thus, we argue that they can act as intermediaries in adapting the concept of round trip engineering to the field of service innovation. In this context, to develop the deeper understanding of the phenomenon, the innovation laboratories were thoroughly investigated through in-depth expert interviews. The interviews were intended to develop deep understanding of the structural and functional aspects of innovation laboratories in order to identify the current practices and potential of innovation labs in applying the systematic approaches to different phases of innovation life cycle. They were also aimed to identify the methodological and technological support that the innovation labs might need.

The Department of Business Information Systems at the University of Leipzig conducted a web based study on innovation laboratories worldwide. About 190 innovation laboratory websites could get identified. The innovation laboratories were evaluated and categorized according to the descriptions on the websites.