Since Taiwan implemented national health insurance, the advanced medical equipment companies began to enter the Taiwan market, driven by the rise of medical equipment industry. But with the degree of national health insurance payment system limitations and changes, such as: Global Budget, DRG (Diagnosis-Related Group), resulting in market competition. How to be successful business development, the medical equipment suppliers have to think about it and find the solutions. Medical device marketing channel is a very important part , especially , under the environmental situation of the development of innovative products is not easy, as well as NHI price reduction , so the channel strategy to optimize all the more were necessary up. The purpose of this study is to explore the medical equipment business channel business development decision-making factors and decision-making method. In this study, using the literatures of medical equipment industrial property, business model, channel management, relationship Marketing and the key factors ¡K.etc, to construct a number of dimensions of "the critical factor of medical equipment operation and development ". In addition to conduct expert interviews with some executives of the medical equipment suppliers, access decision factors and decision-making methods into the questionnaire of interview, as well as analyze the correlation between decision factors and decision-making . The results could be a reference of decision making for medical equipment industry. The findings are as follows: 1. Supplies will based on Company size, financial capacity and lack of core parts to select distributors, the selection of channel pattern will consider the complementary of each other. Some core advantages, as the channel management of resources, can improve market penetration and market share. 2. Financial strategy usually results in considering the growth of the financial strategy or cost control, will affect the choice of channel type. Growth strategy will be direct , cost-control strategies will be authorized . 3. Product professional level will be considered together with the ability of distributors, and distributors of professional competence will affect the extent of authorization from suppliers. 4. Brand awareness and product profitability are channel management resources for suppliers. 5. Distributor professional ability and risk-taking ability have to match product attributes and customer attributes. 6. Suppliers¡¦ resources have to integrate a good channel relationship models to improve efficiency and benefits.

ABSTRACT Wei Chuan Wu Japanese Cuisine Restaurant is a newly emerging all-you-can-eat Japanese restaurant, presently there are two branches in Kaohsiung. The domestic food and beverage consumption market has appeared to develop into extremely different ways, to match up to consumers¡¦ need, an all you can eat phenomenon has risen again. The new term of all you can eat restaurant features delicacy of the cuisine, focus on the quality of ingredients, and locations are relocated from lower rental business district to the centre business district, seemingly it will lead up an all you can eat market competition. Consumers¡¦ food taste preference varies over time; the new term of all you can eat restaurant devote effort on using variety of ingredients. Due to the sluggish economic condition, consumers have become more demanding, wanting to enjoy the luxury but unwilling to spend more expense. The food and beverage industry is the first to be affected with the change of the economic condition, facing the pressure of the increasing cost of raw materials, personnel, rent and other costs. Because of the limited salary, consumers have become fussier, set menu will not satisfy the costumers anymore. This is the opportunity for the middle-size all you can eat restaurant to join into the market. An all you can eat restaurant makes 30 percent of profit, but if it is located in a higher rent cost business district, profit might only reach to 20 percent only. The owner needs to win over costumers¡¦ favor to make more profit by its quantity. Despite focusing on the quality of ingredients, the atmosphere is also an important issue; nowadays costumers not only demand for nice meal but also want to enjoy the atmosphere. The dealer of the all you can eat restaurant should not save cost for the decoration and service. The current trend even shows that ¡§location picking¡¨ is an important key to success.The rationale for conducting this research is to discuss about a newly emerging restaurant, how to search for a standard managing system in the competitive food and beverage industry to create outstanding accomplishments. Therefore following this system you can make effective management and create added value for the food and beverage franchise system and also to provide a reference managing method to the dealers afterwards. This research used Five Forces Model, SWOT Analysis, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), questionnaire and experts interview for the researching method. The participants of this survey were scholars of the food and beverage industry, executive chefs, managers, assistant managers, kitchen cooks and costumers. This survey was conducted by interviewing every participant thoroughly, first by qualitative approach and then through quantitative approach. This study reveals the key factors for the success of Wei Chuan Wu that are mentioned respectively below: the flavor and taste of dishes, service quality, restaurant¡¦s atmosphere, restaurant¡¦s location and brand. The result shows the success factors of Wei Chuan Wu that are: the lower cost of rent and raw material, dishes should have distinguishing features to differentiate, good quality of service from the servers and also to provide a clean, hygienic and comfortable atmosphere to dine. These factors not only can increase the restaurant¡¦s brand but also its core competence and create costumers value. It also eliminates the threats of the sluggish economic condition, competitors¡¦ threat or any other replacing threat to create a new brand image. From the results of this research, in conclusion the key factors for a newly emerging restaurant to success are: the flavor and taste of dishes, good service and eating atmosphere. Restaurant should have its own brand and feature dishes, and provide good quality of service to increase costumers¡¦ value. To offer a clean, hygienic and comfortable eating atmosphere are also costumers¡¦ emphasis standards. This study results can provide future dealers a reference for management. Key words: Five Forces Model, SWOT Analysis, Analytical Hierarchy Process, Success Key Factors, Japanese Cuisine Restaurant

Este estudo tem como objetivo identificar e analisar os principais Determinantes de Atratividade de Investimentos Estrangeiros Diretos (IED) no Brasil no período de 2009 a 2011. A sua realização teve como motivos a necessidade profissional e o interesse intelectual do autor de conhecer os determinantes de atratividade de IED que influenciam firmas multinacionais na seleção de mercados bem como de identificar e compreender aqueles determinantes que tem contribuído para elevar a atratividade da economia brasileira. A justificativa para a realização deste trabalho reside nos efeitos das significativas transformações na economia global decorrentes da crise de 2008, que resultaram em um fato inédito na evolução histórica do fluxo global de investimentos diretos, quando em 2010 as economias em desenvolvimento em conjunto com as economias em transição, responderam por mais da metade dos ingressos de IED, com destaque para a economia brasileira que passou a figurar entre os cinco principais países de destino destes investimentos. No Capítulo 2, apresenta-se uma breve descrição da evolução do fluxo de entrada de IED na economia brasileira desde o período colonial. Em seguida, no Capítulo 3, é analisada a tendência, iniciada no final dos anos 90, de multipolaridade nos campos da produção, do comércio, das finanças e dos investimentos diretos internacionais. O referencial teórico, é analisado no Capítulo 4, está baseado nos estudos do economista John H. Dunning, em especial a sua formulação teórica apresentada em 1976 e denominada Teoria Eclética ou Paradigma Eclético. Tendo em vista a escassez de estudos sobre esta temática, a pesquisa bibliográfica foi complementada por uma pesquisa exploratória-descritiva, cujo planejamento pode ser avaliado ao longo do Capítulo 5 deste estudo. Finalmente, no Capítulo 6, são analisados os resultados da pesquisa. Na análise foram utilizadas as técnicas estatísticas de distribuição de frequência e de análise fatorial. A principal conclusão deste estudo reside no fato de que a economia brasileira, segundo a percepção dos respondentes desta pesquisa, possui diversas variáveis que foram avaliados como Determinantes de Atratividade de IED Elevadíssima, como por exemplo, Mercado com Altas Taxas de Crescimento e Tamanho do Mercado, Estabilidade Econômica e Recursos Naturais, bem como outras variáveis que foram consideradas como Determinantes de Atratividade de IED Baixa, dentre os quais destacam se Sistema de Infraestrutura, Custo de Mão de Obra e Disponibilidade de Mão de Obra Qualificada. / This current thesis has as its main objective to identify the main determinants of attractiveness of foreign direct investment to Brazil during the period 2009-2011. This study has been developed from a bibliographic research followed by an electronic survey with entrepreneurs and executive of foreign enterprises who visited the country, aiming at evaluate the local prospects for directing their productive investments. The main theoretical framework is the Eclectic Paradigm of John H. Dunning, presented in 1976. A study which was undertaken by the Multilateral Investment Guaranty Agency (MIGA), an institution of the World Bank Group, is also considered as a theoretical contribution. The statistical framework includes the techniques of Frequency Distribution and Factorial Analysis. The main outcomes of the survey indicates that, according to the surveyors, the country has high attractiveness determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) such as the size and the growth rate of the domestic market as well as the availability of natural resources, but also presents low attractiveness determinants, for example, Infrastructure System, Labor Costs and the lack of a large contingent of skilled workers. Thus, it would be appropriate that the country´s authorities formulate policies and initiatives towards maintaining the level of the high attractiveness determinants, improving other determinants and, mainly, strengthening the level of attractiveness of those determinants evaluated as low attractiveness, in order to increase the economy´s international competitiveness which will foster foreign direct investments in the country.

Boas estratégias não garantem o sucesso do negócio, a menos que sejam implementadas com sucesso (Ho et al., 2014). Entretanto, a literatura contemporânea de administração sugere que há uma lacuna entre a formulação e a execução das estratégias. Após dedicarem-se ao planejamento da estratégia, os executivos mantêm apenas razoável compreensão das ações necessárias para alcançá-la (Leonardi, 2015; Mintzberg, 1994), os fatores influentes mais relevantes, bem como os principais entraves encontrados pelas empresas e como superá-los (Li et al., 2008), resultando numa taxa de 50-90% de planos implementados de forma ineficiente (Cândido & Santos, 2015). A partir de um referencial teórico composto por questões referentes ao planejamento estratégico, à administração estratégica, à implementação estratégica, bem como relativas aos fatores influentes, entraves e facilitadores encontrados na fase de execução das estratégias planejadas, o objetivo principal dessa pesquisa é, então, mapear e identificar os principais entraves e facilitadores encontrados pelos administradores em cada fator influente na fase de implementação das estratégias de negócios planejadas, em empresas brasileiras. Para alcançar o objetivo proposto, delineou-se uma pesquisa quantitativa e descritiva (Cervo et al., 2007), junto a gestores de diversos níveis hierárquicos em grandes empresas privadas, sediadas na Brasil. Propõe-se para tanto, a utilização do método survey, através da aplicação de um questionário online. A análise de dados prevê a utilização de estatísticas descritivas e testes de hipótese. Os resultados apontam que os principais entraves relacionam-se à comunicação, à formulação e ao relacionamento entre unidades de negócios, sendo que as dificuldades referentes a sistemas administrativos parecem superadas. Constatou-se ainda facilitadores com baixa penetração nas empresas, como a existência de um sistema de alertas antecipados sobre mudanças no ambiente competitivo e um clima aberto e encorajador para a comunicação multidirecional, indicando uma via para desenvolvimento e melhoria do processo de implementação estratégica das organizações brasileiras / Good strategies do not guarantee business success, unless they are successfully implemented (Ho et al., 2014). However, contemporary administration literature suggests that there is a gap between the formulation and implementation of strategies. After devoting themselves to the planning part of strategy, executives maintain only reasonable understanding of the actions necessary to achieve it (Leonardi, 2015; Mintzberg, 1994), the most relevant influential factors, as well as the main obstacles encountered by companies and how to overcome them (Li et al., 2008), resulting in a 50-90% rate of plans implemented inefficiently (Cândido & Santos, 2015). From a theoretical framework consisting of matters relating to strategic planning, strategic management, the strategic implementation as well as on the influential factors, barriers and facilitators encountered in the implementation phase of the planned strategies, the main objective of this research is to map and identify key barriers and facilitators encountered by administrators at each influential factor in the implementation phase of planned business strategies in brazilian companies. To achieve the proposed goal, a quantitative and descriptive research (Cervo et al., 2007) was designed, with managers of different hierarchical levels in large private companies headquartered in Brazil. To collect the data, it is proposed the use of a survey, through the application of an online questionnaire. Data analysis includes the use of descriptive statistics and hypothesis testing. The results show that the main obstacles are related to communication, strategy formulation and the relationship between business units, and that the difficulties related to administrative systems seem to be overcome. It was found facilitators with low penetration in companies still, such as the existence of an early warning system for changes in the competitive environment and an open and supportive climate for multidirectional communication, indicating a path to development and improvement of the strategic implementation process in brazilian organizations

The purpose of this thesis is to examine which factors are the most important to successfully implementing an improvement process, and to examine if subcontracting companies differ from the rest of the companies in the study. Increasing the quality of products and at the same time lowering the costs is often necessary with the pressure from the external environment that many companies are facing today. Many companies are active on a global scale with competitors all over the planet. It is easy to understand that companies need to have an innovative approach, and improve their products, but it is hard to know how and what to change. Upon completion of the initial research phase, a form with questions was created. The composed question sheet was used in an internet based survey. The same question sheet was later used in interviews with 3 different companies. The interview phase provided a chance to ask follow up questions to increase the understanding and help with the analysis. The results from the study were compared with leading literature and similarities were highlighted. The results from the study demonstrate that soft values are the most important factors when implementing an improvement process. Engaged leadership, clear goals and participation from leaders and personnel are the most prominent factors. The differences between subcontracting companies and the other companies in the study are not significant.

Flygplatser utgör en nyckelroll i dagens samhälle. De fungerar inte enbart som ett centrum för samverkan mellan transportmedel, utan även som en mötesplats för resenärer. Trängsel i terminalerna har blivit ett betydande problem för de som flyger regelbundet och i flera fall har minskad kötid blivit synonymt med hög kvalitet för resenären. En effektivare hantering av resenären är nödvändig och kräver tillförlitliga processer. Att arbeta med processer är inget nytt, det har länge varit centralt för verksamhetsprocesser och arbetsflöden, främst inom tillverkningsindustrin men den omfattande litteraturgenomgången påvisar att det finns få processorienterade modeller som specifikt tillämpas på en resenärsprocess. Fallföretaget, Swedavia, arbetar aktivt med resenärsprocessen inom flygbranschen. De har utvecklat en viss metodik men denna är inte effektiv nog då de upplever problematik på grund av det ökade antalet resenärer. Syftet med studien är därför att skapa en konceptmodell för arbetsmetodiken vid utveckling av resenärsprocessen på flygplatser, med avsikt att tillföra en ny tillämpning till området för processutveckling. Modellen avser även hjälpa fallföretaget Swedavia att bli effektivare i sin processutveckling. Studiens metod har en abduktiv forskningsansats. Först genomfördes en utförlig litteraturgenomgång vilken utmynnade i ett första utkast av en konceptmodell med tolv nyckelfaktorer för processorientering kopplade till resenärsprocessen. Därefter genomfördes åtta semistrukturerade intervjuer med berörd personal på fallföretaget. Valet av fallföretag motiveras av deras generaliserbarhet, då samtliga respondenter arbetar med utveckling av Sveriges största flygplats, Arlanda. Avsikten med intervjuerna var att tydliggöra hur arbetet med utvecklingen av resenärsprocessen ser ut idag samt avgöra hur processorienterade de är. Slutligen analyserades konceptmodellen utifrån empirin, vilket resulterade i korrigeringar och en slutgiltig modell. Det vetenskapliga bidraget är utvecklingen av en konceptmodell för resenärsprocesser. Den slutliga konceptmodellen består av fem nyckelfaktorer, vilka är; processägare och -beskrivningar, stöd och engagemang, mätverktyg, organisation samt ständiga förbättringar. Den framtagna modellen är ett visuellt stöd för att hjälpa organisationer att bli effektivare i deras utveckling av en resenärsprocess. Den fungerar som ett verktyg för att förbättra processer och att utvärdera företag. / Airports have come to be one of the key elements in today’s society. They do not only serve as a center for interoperability, but also as a meeting place for travelers. Congestion in the terminals has become a significant problem for those who fly regularly and in many cases reduction of queue time has become synonymous with high quality travelling. Therefore, more efficient handling of the traveler is necessary and requires reliable processes. Working with processes has been central to business procedures and workflows for a long time, mainly in the manufacturing industry but the comprehensive literature review indicates that there are few process-oriented models specifically applied to the passenger departure process. The case company, Swedavia, is actively working with passenger departure processes in the aviation industry. They have developed a certain methodology, but it is not effective enough as they have experienced problems due to the increased number of travelers. For that reason, the aim of the study is to create a conceptual model for the work methodology when developing the passenger departure process at airports, with the intention of introducing a new application to ​​process development. The model also aims to help Swedavia become more efficient in its process development. The study's method has an abductive research approach. First, a detailed literature review was conducted, which resulted in a first draft of a conceptual model with twelve key factors for process orientation linked to the traveler process. Eight semi-structured interviews were then conducted with relevant personnel at the case company. The choice of case company is motivated by their generalizability, as all respondents work with the development of Sweden's largest airport, Arlanda. The purpose of the interviews was to clarify what their work on developing the traveler process looks like and also to what extent they are process oriented. Finally, the conceptual model was analyzed based on empirical findings, resulting in corrections and a definitive model for developing the passenger departure process. The scientific contribution is the development of a conceptual model for passenger departure processes. The final conceptual model consists of five key factors, which are: process owners and descriptions, support and commitment, measurement tools, organization and continuous improvement. The proposed and identified model works as a visual support to help organizations become more efficient in their development of a passenger departure process. It is a useful tool to improve processes and to evaluate businesses.

In May of 2002, Wichita Falls ISD, a district in Texas with a stagnate enrollment of 14,000 students for multiple years, asked for the community to support a $120 million bond to help cover the cost of four new elementary campuses and to maintain and upgrade aging facilities. The bond failed. Additionally, a 2004 bond failed again. Finally, in 2006, the district is finally able to pass a $60 million bond and only includes two new elementary campuses and no funding to address the aging facilities. At the same time, other districts in fast growing areas of Texas are able to pass school bonds with little to no issues. This begs the question, is there a formula for getting school bonds passed? The purpose of this study is to discover what key factors influence a bond package; to help find those answers, eight districts in Texas were selected, five considered to be a fast-growth district" and three considered to be no-growth district. The study used a qualitative research approach, using semi-structured interviews with 24 participants. After all factors were analyzed, a pattern and recommendation is developed for districts to follow allowing a high degree of success for school bonds.

This thesis deals with analysis of internal and external spa environment which is used for definition of business strategies. These strategies should be implemented by company for increase its ability to compete. The thesis also describes potentialities and benefits of using e-marketing.

Gender equality has been on the political agenda in Sweden for nearly half a century and today’s official ideology is that gender equality shall infiltrate all areas of Swedish politics. However, previous research has shown that Sweden is a patriarchal society, which manifests itself in all aspects of society, but also in the heterosexual couple relationship. This qualitative interview study identifies which factors affect experienced gender equality among ten heterosexual women who are in a couple relationship and aims to determine whether or not a difference exists between two different generations of women. The result shows that women experience that they take greater emotional and practical responsibility than men in the relationship and identifies communication and emotional attunement as being key factors which affect gender equality in the heterosexual relationship. Furthermore, it illustrates an increased level of awareness regarding gender equality among the younger generation of women, but no big differences between the age groups were found. In accordance to previous research, this study shows that patriarchal gender structures greatly affect the heterosexual couple relationship in all aspects. / Jämställdhet har varit på Sveriges politiska agenda i nästan ett halvt århundrade och idag är den officiella ideologin att jämställdhet skall prägla all svensk politik. Tidigare forskning inom området tyder dock på attSverige är ett patriarkalt samhälle och att detta manifesteras både i samhället i stort, men även i den heterosexuella parrelationen. Denna kvalitativa intervjustudie identifierar vilka faktorer som påverkar upplevd jämställdhet hos tio kvinnor som befinner sig i heterosexuella parrelationer och försöker fastställa huruvida någon skillnad existerar mellan två olika generationers kvinnor. Studien visade huvudsakligen att kvinnor upplever sig ta mer känslomässigt och praktiskt ansvar än män samt att kommunikation och känslomässig anknytning har stor påverkan på upplevd jämställdhet i den heterosexuella parrelationen. Resultatet illustrerade även en ökad medvetenhet kring jämställdhet hos den yngre generationen, men någon större skillnad mellan åldersgruppernaerhölls ej. I enlighet med tidigare forskning visar studien att patriarkala könsstrukturer har stor påverkan på den heterosexuella parrelationen i alla aspekter.

The purpose of this study is to explore the practical implementation of a commercially available sustainable alternative to conventional polyurethane (PU) textile coating for functional outerwear garments with protection from rain and snow. In addition, this study will identify the key consideration areas which should be taken into account during the managerial decision-making process of implementing the sustainable PU coating. This study employed an exploratory research design which used both quantitative and qualitative research methods to support in answering the research questions. The qualitative and quantitative research methods were applied respectively through semi-structured interviews and sample development trials. The research design began with a systematic literature review (SLR), then semi-structured interviews were conducted prior to sample development, then an experimental sample development was conducted, and lastly, additional semi-structured interviews were conducted subsequent to sample development. The findings revealed that the key consideration areas which should be taken into account during the managerial decision-making process of implementing a sustainable PU coating include chemical sustainability, legislative regulations, supplier capabilities, product quality and performance, purchase price, and lead time. Water-based PU coating was identified as a viable sustainable alternative to conventional PU coating for the application on textiles. Out of the three selected chemical suppliers, chemical supplier 1 was recommended by the researchers to the collaborating Swedish fashion brand as they were successful in producing a water-based PU coating which fulfilled all performance and key consideration area requirements. This research study contributes to furthering the development of water-based PU coating in the textile and apparel industry by developing a comprehensive implementation process from a practical managerial perspective.