In 2020, 89% of Internet users in Sweden used social media and young women reported the highest frequency of use. Through a qualitative approach, the aim was to gain an understanding of young women's experiences of their social media use and online self-presentation. The participants were women between the ages of 18-23 years. Seven semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed using thematic analysis, which resulted in three main themes: Another reality, It Will Probably Get Better And Between The Own Will Of Being Sexy And The Pressure To Be So. The results showed that young women present their ideal-selves, that likes were a controlling mechanism and comparisons online were perceived to be endless. Furthermore, it was described that young women's bodies are presented on the basis of the ideals and the pressure to have the ideal body was perceived to be constantly present on social media. However, there were also experiences of a more positive wave emerging on social media, which is instead characterized by acceptance of one's own and other women's bodies. Finally, an ambivalence was captured in the participants to, on the one hand, want to share sexually challenging images of themselves, and, on the other hand, feel pressure from others to do so. / År 2020 använde 89% av internetanvändarna i Sverige sociala medier och unga kvinnor rapporterade högst användningsfrekvens. Genom en kvalitativ ansats var syftet att få en ökad förståelse för unga kvinnors upplevelser av sin sociala medieanvändning och framställning online. Deltagarna var kvinnor i åldrarna 18-23 år. Sju semistrukturerade intervjuer genomfördes och analyserades utifrån tematisk analys, vilket resulterade i tre huvudteman: En annan verklighet, Det blir nog bättre samt Mellan den egna viljan och pressen på att vara sexig. Resultaten visade att unga kvinnor framställer sig utifrån sina bästa sidor, att likes var en styrande mekanism och jämförelser online upplevdes vara oändliga. Vidare beskrevs att unga kvinnors kroppar framställs utifrån idealen och kroppshetsen upplevdes vara konstant närvarande på sociala medier. Däremot fanns även upplevelser av en mer positiv våg som tar sig fram på sociala medier, vilken istället kännetecknades av acceptans gentemot sin egen och andra kvinnors kroppar. Avslutningsvis fångades en ambivalens hos deltagarna att å ena sidan själva vilja dela med sig av sexuellt utmanande bilder, å andra sidan känna en press från andra att göra det.

Social media continue to expand in society, both globally as well as locally, while affecting adolescents’ mental health, news consumption and academic performances. This development leaves comprehensive challenges in the classroom. The curricula of the social science subjects in Sweden advocate critical thinking skills and the understanding of digitalization for contemporary society. The aim of this study is therefore to investigate how teachers in social studies perceive social media in their profession, with the intentions of gaining insight into how teachers cope with its impact on the classroom. This study is conducted through a qualitative method based on interviews with three different teachers in social studies, spread across both Swedish high school and Swedish upper secondary school level. The symbolic interactionism and MIK (Media and Information Literacy) are integral theories in facilitating the study’s analytical dimensions. The findings indicate that social media cultivate identities, social acknowledgement and further causes stress among adolescents. Socially constructed norms and expectations on social media dominate students’ ways of living. Despite prevailing phone bans during class hours, social media still influence the classroom climate and conflicts between students, making it difficult for teachers to manage. Additionally, the need for imparting source evaluation is vital since fake news spreads rapidly across the different social platforms.

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行動時代的到來為社群媒體帶來了發展的春天，原生廣告也隨之應運而生，成為備受社群媒體青睞的新興廣告形式。而在中國市場，WeChat與Weibo這兩大社群媒體自2012年起相繼推出了資訊流廣告服務，並不斷試水新的技術和表現形式。兩者的資訊流廣告在運作機制和表現形式上雖有所雷同，但仍各有特點，其中最主要的差異體現在廣告訊息的按讃者和按讃數量上。 因此，本研究以WeChat和Weibo為研究對象，援引推敲可能性模式理論，希望探究消費者在觀看WeChat和Weibo資訊流廣告時，是否會因為廣告訊息按讚者或按讚數量的不同，在品牌態度和購買意願上產生差異。 本研究採用實驗室實驗法，招募60名國立政治大學非傳播相關科系的大陸籍學生進行實驗。研究結果發現WeChat和Weibo的資訊流廣告訊息接收者在品牌態度和購買意願的形塑歷程上確實存在差異：就WeChat而言，廣告訊息可信度更能正向影響消費者的品牌態度和購買意願；就Weibo而言，感知按讃數量更能正向影響消費者的購買意願，但對品牌態度不構成顯著影響。 / Native advertising has emerged both as an exciting new way for digital marketers to engage with the consumer, and as a new source of advertising revenue for social media. In the China market, news feed ad, a major type of native advertising, has been very popular in WeChat and Weibo since 2012. Visually the native advertisement in these two social media seem pretty similar, but they have enough differences to make them different, particularly in the differences of likers and the number of likes on advertisement. Using the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) adopted by Harkins and Petty, this study focus on WeChat and Weibo and try to clarify the differences of consumer’s information processing, brand attitude and purchase intention between these two social media, which has various social tie strength. Adopting an laboratory experimentation, a total of 60 samples, participated in this study during January, 2017. Finding of this study show the differences of brand attitude and purchase intention towards news feed ad when subjects are exposed to WeChat between Weibo. In WeChat, message credibility indicate more significant influence on the brand attitude and purchase intention towards native advertisement rather than perceived number of likes. Oppositely perceived number of likes positively influence on purchase intention towards native advertisement in Weibo.

Influencers har idag ett stort inflytande på konsumenter vilket, till viss del, blivit avgörande för företag. Det förekommer mer frekvent att influencers även skapar egna grundade varumärken. Denna studie har utgått från fyra svenska influencers som har ett eget grundat varumärke. Dessa influencers och deras varumärken är Therése Lindgren (Indy Beauty), Katrin Zytomierska (Clean Eating), Rebecca Stella Dion (Rebecca Stella Beauty) och Alice Stenlöf (A-dsgn). Studien syftar till att undersöka hur en influencers skandal påverkar deras eget grundade varumärke på Instagram. Detta undersöktes med hjälp av två kvantitativa metoder. Den första metoden, digital datainsamling, analyserade antalet gilla-markeringar och antalet kommentarer på varumärkenas Instagram. Studien undersökte sedan individers agerande gentemot influencernas varumärke genom en kvantitativ enkätundersökning. Resultatet som framkom var att medelvärdet för gilla-markeringarna minskade för tre av fyra av varumärken efter skandalen. Medelvärdet för kommentarer minskade för ett av fyra varumärken. Resultatet från enkätundersökningen visade att respondenterna aktivt tog avstånd från att gilla varumärkets inlägg på Instagram efter skandalen. Den främsta anledningen till detta var att de inte ville stötta influencers förens de såg en förändring i influencerns agerande. Respondenterna ville även motta en offentlig ursäkt från influencern innan de var beredda att förlåta influencern. / Today influencers have a great influence on consumers, which to some extent, has become crucial for companies. It is more common for influencers to also create their own established brands. This study has been based on four Swedish influencers that have their own established brand. These influencers and their brands are Therése Lindgren (Indy Beauty), Katrin Zytomierska (Clean Eating), Rebecca Stella Dion (Rebecca Stella Beauty) and Alice Stenlöf (A-dsgn). The study aims to investigate how an influencer's scandal affects their own founded brand on Instagram. This was investigated using two quantitative methods. The first method, cross-sectional study, analyzed the number of likes and the number of comments on the brands Instagram. The study then examined respondents’ actions online towards the influencers brand through a quantitative survey. The result showed that the average number of likes decreased after the scandal for three out of four influencer brands. The average number of comments decreased for one out of four brands. Moreover, the results from the survey revealed that the respondents actively choose not to like posts from influencer brands on Instagram after the scandal. The main reason for this was that the respondents did not want to support influencers until they were convinced the influencers had changed their behaviors and actions. Furthermore, the respondents also wanted to receive a public apology from the influencer before they were prepared to forgive the influencer.

Twenty four eThekwini HIV/AIDS counsellors based in four different work settings and who received training from five different training providers, shared their HIV/AIDS counsellor training experiences. The qualitative, phenomenological study utilized a multi-methods approach. The purpose of HIV/AIDS counselling lacks uniformity. Participants reflected upon their distinction between training satisfaction and perceived competency to render HIV/AIDS counselling after training. Although they were satisfied and empowered by the useful information gained, many felt inadequate to counsel an HIV positive person on completion of training. Inadequate practical learning opportunities were evident. Participants identified the need for a more balanced theoretical and practical training program incorporating experiential and didactic training methods. Entrance criteria to HIV/AIDS counsellor training courses and eventual assessment procedures in the study were diverse. Participants suggested improvements for training methods and course content and proposed a tiered training model that will result in standardized and certified training modules. / Social Work / MA(SS) (Social Work)

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2017-10-02T14:18:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CARLA LOUREIRO MIGUEL.pdf: 964855 bytes, checksum: 6616e8f7c99078e2a6c72141143400a1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-02T14:18:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CARLA LOUREIRO MIGUEL.pdf: 964855 bytes, checksum: 6616e8f7c99078e2a6c72141143400a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-08-01 / The relationship that young student workers establish with fashion in clothes is discussed, given that there is a field (of fashion) with all its specificities and strategies which constructs values and belief in its goods. Both the classified and classifying goods as well as the hierarchical and hierarchizing goods create a cultural necessity and legitimize the dominant culture. This study is based on Bourdieu’s theory of practice. It analyses the meaning of family, school and work for these young workers when drawing up their values and choices (habitus), and recognizes in the type of work that they carry out (domestic help and sales women), the fundamental structure in the formation of their likes, their life style, and, especially, of the meaning that fashion in clothes acquires, depending on the place in the social strata where they find themselves. / Discute-se a relação que jovens estudantes trabalhadoras estabelecem com a modavestimenta, sendo que existe um campo (da moda) com suas especificidades e estratégias construindo valores e a crença em seus bens. Bens classificados e classificantes, hierarquizados e hierarquizantes, criando a necessidade cultural e legitimando a cultura dominante. Fundamenta- se na teoria da prática de Bourdieu. Esse trabalho analisa o significado da família, da escola e do trabalho para essas jovens na construção de seus valores e escolhas (habitus), reconhecendo no tipo de ocupação (domésticas e vendedoras) que exercitam, a estrutura fundamental na formação do gosto, do estilo de vida e, principalmente o sentido que a modavestimenta adquire, a partir da posição que se encontram no espaço social.

Twenty four eThekwini HIV/AIDS counsellors based in four different work settings and who received training from five different training providers, shared their HIV/AIDS counsellor training experiences. The qualitative, phenomenological study utilized a multi-methods approach. The purpose of HIV/AIDS counselling lacks uniformity. Participants reflected upon their distinction between training satisfaction and perceived competency to render HIV/AIDS counselling after training. Although they were satisfied and empowered by the useful information gained, many felt inadequate to counsel an HIV positive person on completion of training. Inadequate practical learning opportunities were evident. Participants identified the need for a more balanced theoretical and practical training program incorporating experiential and didactic training methods. Entrance criteria to HIV/AIDS counsellor training courses and eventual assessment procedures in the study were diverse. Participants suggested improvements for training methods and course content and proposed a tiered training model that will result in standardized and certified training modules. / Social Work / MA(SS) (Social Work)

Covid-19 pandemin skapade många begränsningar i det fysiska mötet för företag i Sverige. Problematiken för de företag som inte kunde erbjuda sin produkt på samma sätt digitalt var det som skapade ett intresse att genomföra denna studie. Många företag fick göra ett skifte och fokusera mer på de digitala verktygen under den här tiden. Därför valde gruppen att fördjupa sig i hur företag på Instagram arbetar med sitt innehåll för att skapa engagemang. Frågorna som besvarades togs fram med syftet att skapa en uppfattning kring vilken av de tre framtagna inläggs kategorierna som skapar högst engagemang, rationella inlägg, interaktionella inlägg eller transaktionella inlägg. Samt hur innehållet på Instagram kan förändras beroende på om det fysiska mötet är begränsat eller ej.En kvalitativ fallstudie på Liseberg genomfördes i form av dokumentanalys på företagets Instagramkonto. Resultatet kopplades därefter samman med den tidigare forskningen inom engagemang, digital marknadsföring, sociala medier marknadsföringsstrategi och Social Exchange Theory. Studien är avgränsad till att endast mäta engagemang baserat på gilla-markeringar och kommentarer. Vikten av att ett företag behöver engagemang för att vara konkurrenskraftiga klarläggs samt relevans att företag finns på sociala medier. Resultatet visade att de transaktionella inläggen hade betydligt högst engagemang, men även att de interaktionella inläggen skapade högt engagemang. Förslagsvis borde företag under perioderna de har nedstängt fokusera just på dessa två kategorier som uppmanar till att skapa engagemang i form av gilla-markeringar och kommentarer. Studien visade också hur Liseberg anpassade mängden samt innehållet av deras inlägg under de olika perioderna för att hålla sig aktuella med vad besökarna efterfrågade. Studien är skriven på svenska. / Covid-19 pandemic created a lot of limitations for companies when it came to the physical meeting. The problem that occurred when companies no longer were able to offer their product in reality created an interest in this study. Many companies had to make a shift and focus more on digital tools during this time. Therefore, this group chose to dive into how a company on Instagram works with their content to create engagement. The questions that were answered were developed with the aim of creating knowledge about which of the three developed post categories create the highest engagement, rational posts, interactional posts or transactional posts. As well as how the content on Instagram may change depending on whether the physical meeting is limited or not.A qualitative case study on the amusement park Liseberg was carried out in the form of document analysis on @Lisebergab Instagram. The result was then connected with the previous research on engagement, digital marketing, social media marketing strategy and the Social Exchange Theory. The study is limited to only measuring engagement based on likes and comments. The importance of companies needing engagement to be competitive is clarified, as well as the relevance of companies being on social media. The transactional posts received the highest engagement, but it was also shown that it is not financially sustainable to focus on this too much.The results showed that transactional posts had the highest engagement, but also that interactive posts created high engagement. It is suggested that companies during periods of shutdown should focus on these two categories that encourage engagement in the form of likes and comments. This study also showed how Liseberg adapted the amount and content of their posts during different periods to stay current with what visitors demanded from the company. Following will this paper be written in swedish.