This research explores the reasons why followers of luxury brand Instagram accounts engage less frequently through commenting despite having a large number of followers. The study addresses the research question: "Why do Instagram followers of the luxury brand engage less through comments despite having a large number of followers?". The findings indicate that several factors contribute to the lower engagement through comments among Instagram followers of luxury brands. Firstly, a lack of active encouragement from luxury brands to interact and engage with their followers on Instagram leads to fewer comments and engagements on their posts. Algorithmic factors, such as the visibility of likes and comments, also influence engagement behavior, with followers more likely to comment on posts with a larger number of likes and comments. The authenticity of the content and engagement of luxury brands on Instagram plays a significant role, as followers tend to engage more with brands that come across as genuine and authentic in their interactions. Moreover, the exclusive image of luxury brands creates a perceived distance between the brand and its followers, which may discourage engagement through comments.  The study provides theoretical implications by highlighting the importance of active encouragement from luxury brands, the role of Instagram in brand differentiation, and the influence of algorithmic factors on engagement behavior. Managerially, the research suggests that luxury brand managers and marketers should actively encourage commenting and engagement, focus on producing authentic content, consider algorithmic factors, and create inclusivity to encourage engagement from followers.  The research project contributes to the understanding of engagement behavior on Instagram, providing insights for academics and valuable information for luxury brand managers and marketers to develop effective Instagram marketing strategies. Limitations focus on Instagram and comments as a measure of engagement, the limited sample size, and the neglect of influencers and sponsored content. Future research could explore other social media platforms, expand the scope of engagement measures, increase sample size, and consider the impact of influencers and sponsored content on customer engagement.

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Retail automotive literature that examines how the distance between a retail automotive facility and the prospective purchaser affects market performance is limited. Primary data for this study indicates that distance and purchase in the retail automotive sector move in opposite directions. This study examines similar goods that have high barriers of entry and proposes other methods of increasing market reach. This is a study of the conditions that affect the market performance for imported luxury vehicles. First, is the effect of distance on purchase decisions. Vehicular sales drop the further away a customer is from a car dealership. We call this phenomenon distance decay. Distance decay is defined as: the interaction between two locations declines as the distance between then increases. Secondly, when similar brands are viewed as substitutes, the consumer will choose the brand with the closest automotive service department to their residence or place of employment. Thirdly, door-to-door selling can decrease distance decay. Lastly, pick-up and delivery service can decrease distance decay. Data from 30,936 prospects and individuals who entered, phoned, or emailed a dealership inquiring about purchasing a new Audi were used in the study. These prospects will be categorized by who intended to buy and who actually purchased a car. In addition to the prospects, data from 6,153 individuals who purchased a new Audi from four Audi dealerships in the greater Philadelphia area and from the framed field experiment were used in the study. These categories will then be further labeled by ZIP code and city to determine the effects of distance. Then, possible solutions will be performed on test groups to determine what alternatives from other industries can be used to improve market performance involving long distances. / Business Administration/Interdisciplinary

This thesis endeavors to explore how the low-price brand Eldorado utilizes semiotic symbols associated with luxury attributes in its visual presentations of clothing collections on Instagram. Grounded in a Western perspective, this inquiry unfolds within the backdrop of contemporary economic crises and their impact on consumer behavior. The subsequent section of the thesis delves into the effects of influencer marketing on brand perception and status construction. The visual analysis comprises twelve screenshots of Eldorado’s clothing collections on Instagram, spanning four different campaigns between 2020 and 2023. Delimited to specific categories such as clothing, accessories, and the spatial arrangement of models relative to props and surroundings, this visual material draws upon Gillian Dyer’s categorizations for decoding visual signs. Employing a qualitative approach rooted in the interpretivist paradigm, this study scrutinizes the material through a semiotic lens informed by the perspectives of Roland Barthes and Gillian Rose. Additionally, structured interviews with two influencers elucidate their collaboration with Eldorado and offer insights into influencer marketing as a broader marketing strategy. The analysis also draws on Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of diverse forms of capital, Stuart Hall’s representation theory, and fashion theories. By addressing the research inquiries —”How does Eldorado communicate the representation of luxury through their clothing collections campaigns on Instagram?” and “What role does influencer marketing have in Eldorado’s communication strategy?”— the findings suggest that Eldorado employs creative strategies akin to those of luxury brands, cleverly parodying them to carve out a distinct niche in the market. Additionally, the integration of influencer marketing augments the low-cost brand’s stature, as followers aspire to associate with influential profiles. Ultimately, the thesis proposes viable avenues for future exploration within the field.

Title: Fashion Killa: A study on teenager’s attitudes towards luxury fashion clothing brands. Bachelor Thesis 15HP in Business Economics (Marketing) Halmstad University School of Business, Engineering and Science  Supervisor: Thomas Helgesson Examiner: Venilton Reinert Purpose: The purpose of this essay is to examine the underlying factors that affect teenager’s attitudes towards luxury fashion clothing brands. Research question: What are the underlying factors that affects the attitudes of teenager ́s towards luxury fashion clothing brands? Literature review: The literature review introduces the theories and previous findings regarding the underlying factors that can be connected to our research question and explanation on the chosen generations as this study is supposed to relate to. Frame of reference: In these sections, our main investigation topic will be explained briefly what literatures explain and approach this matter. Our investigation topic “attitudes” have a meaningful role in this paper and it is defined in these sections as well is our choice of model. In the end of this chapter, we present our hypothesis which is based on our chosen model. Method: Based on the literature review and frame of reference a quantitative study was created where 408 Swedish respondents within the generation Z participated. Empirical findings: The survey consisted of 25 statements and questions as regard to our theories and could easily be connected to our chosen model. A Likert-scale from 1-5 was used so the respondents easy could fill in on what level they agreed or disagreed to. Conclusion: The conclusion on this study is that affect which are one of the three components that builds up attitudes. It is the component that positively influence teenagers the most. We can also see that social media have a great positive impact on their attitudes followed by luxury marketing and psychological benefits.

<p> </p><p>The luxury market has steadily grown from the industrial revolution and onwards. Changes in society, trends and the increased living standards has enabled more people to consume luxury goods.</p><p>The world is going through a major economic crisis at the moment. Studies shows that companies that have focused on added value rather than lowering prices has survived past financial crisis. It is also obvious that companies act very different during times of crisis. Adding to the problem is trends that point to a more careful consumption and environmental awareness. Different source suggest different opinions on the situation and future for the luxury market.</p><p>The purpose of the study is to answer what strategies are important for luxury brands during a financial crisis.</p><p>To answer this a qualitative study is performed on Swedish luxury brands to analyse what their strategies are during the current economic crisis and compare that to how ”exclusive” or ”luxurious” they are considered. This to investigate if there is a relationship between a brands exclusiveness and chosen strategy.</p><p> </p>

Submitted by Lorenzo de Ruggiero (deruggiero.lorenzo@gmail.com) on 2017-12-20T21:29:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FGV Master Thesis - Final - PDF.pdf: 3102015 bytes, checksum: 168294310984bcd8986173f0e9e77fdb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Josineide da Silva Santos Locatelli (josineide.locatelli@fgv.br) on 2017-12-21T09:39:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FGV Master Thesis - Final - PDF.pdf: 3102015 bytes, checksum: 168294310984bcd8986173f0e9e77fdb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-21T12:39:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FGV Master Thesis - Final - PDF.pdf: 3102015 bytes, checksum: 168294310984bcd8986173f0e9e77fdb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-20 / The aim of the present research thesis is to investigate the luxury market in Brazil and how brand can survive in such context. All over the world this sector is becoming more and more crucial, due to many factors, such as the opening to new markets (Asia, Middle-East and so on), the increasing purchase power of consumers and the presence of much more differentiated products. After having clarified the definition of luxury and of its implications, the thesis will indeed present a global market analysis of the current situation and of the future trends. However, in Brazil luxury’s sector is facing challenging times, as the reports provided by consulting firms demonstrate. In fact, the profile of the Brazilian consumer is very peculiar and so it requires strategies ad-hoc. Moreover, the challenges of the market are many such as the attitude of spending outside Brazil, the counterfeiting, the high interest rates and many others. By the way, Brazil also represents a unique opportunity for international and local luxury brands, given to its increasing wealth and to a youthful generation of shoppers. That’s why, the thesis will also provide some effective tools for luxury companies to overcome the difficulties of the market and to catch all its potentials. As integration, practical cases of foreign luxury brands entering in Brazil are provided (Diesel, Zara, C&A and l’Occitane): these firms had found successful way to exploit the Brazilian market. Finally, the research deals with the case of the only Brazilian luxury brand able to expand outside: H. Stern. Leveraging on this experience, useful strategic insights could be provided to brands willing to follow this path. Leveraging on this experience, useful strategic insights could be provided to brands willing to follow this path. This experience is analysed through a conceptual framework about Internalization’s strategies provided at the beginning of the research thesis. / O objetivo da presente tese de pesquisa é investigar o mercado de luxo no Brasil e como a marca pode sobreviver nesse contexto. Em todo o mundo, este setor está se tornando cada vez mais crucial, devido a muitos fatores, como a abertura a novos mercados (Ásia, Oriente Médio e assim por diante), o crescente poder de compra dos consumidores e a presença de produtos muito mais diferenciados. Depois de ter esclarecido a definição de luxo e suas implicações, a tese apresentará uma análise de mercado global da situação atual e das tendências futuras. No entanto, no Brasil, o setor de luxo está enfrentando tempos difíceis, como demonstram os relatórios fornecidos pelas empresas de consultoria. De fato, o perfil do consumidor brasileiro é muito peculiar e, portanto, requer estratégias ad-hoc. Além disso, os desafios do mercado são muitos, como a atitude de gastar fora do Brasil, a contrafação, as altas taxas de juros e muitos outros. Por sinal, o Brasil também representa uma oportunidade única para marcas de luxo internacionais e locais, dada a sua riqueza crescente e a uma geração jovem de compradores. É por isso que a tese também fornecerá algumas ferramentas eficazes para as empresas de luxo para superar as dificuldades do mercado e conquistar todos os seus potenciais. Como integração, são fornecidos casos práticos de marcas estrangeiras de luxo que entram no Brasil (Diesel, Zara, C & A e L’Occitane): essas empresas encontraram formas bem-sucedidas de explorar o mercado brasileiro. Finalmente, a pesquisa trata do caso da única marca de luxo brasileira capaz de se expandir para fora: H. Stern. Aproveitando esta experiência, podem ser fornecidas informações estratégicas úteis às marcas que desejam seguir esse caminho. Aproveitando esta experiência, podem ser fornecidas informações estratégicas úteis às marcas que desejam seguir esse caminho. Esta experiência é analisada através de um quadro conceitual sobre as estratégias de internalização fornecidas no início da tese de pesquisa.

Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:14:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 61070100629.pdf: 39793 bytes, checksum: fe00be3f55de5409c675f0284098e467 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-12-21T00:00:00Z / O luxo pressupõe uma hierarquia social e a moda serve como ferramenta para aplicação desta distinção. A maneira como a pessoa se veste reflete a sua personalidade, posição econômica e social. A posse de bens de luxo serve para diferenciá-la daqueles que não podem consumi-los e a marca, como referência para o usuário. A transformação das marcas de moda de luxo de pequenos negócios familiares para empresas com presença mundial, aumentou o nível de competitividade entre elas, levando-as a ampliação dos seus mercados. O Brasil, junto a outros países emergentes, figura como mercado chave neste crescimento. O mercado de luxo vem despertando a atenção do meio acadêmico. A presente dissertação tem o objetivo de estudar a identidade e a imagem da Louis Vuitton, marca líder deste mercado no mundo, e assim contribuir para o avanço deste estudo. O estudo valeu-se de pesquisa exploratória qualitativa e utilizou uma amostra de profissionais e consumidores de marcas de moda de luxo, com três fontes de evidência: consulta a publicações relacionadas ao tema, entrevistas em profundidade e observação sistemática. Os resultados apontam para características que definem o comportamento do consumidor de luxo em relação às marcas de moda de luxo internacionais e os fatores que os levam a preferi-las ou rejeitá-las. Também evidencia diferenças entre a identidade e a imagem da Louis Vuitton no Brasil, mercado relativamente jovem em relação ao consumo de luxo. / Luxury stands for social hierarchy and fashion can be used as the too1 to reach this social distinction. The way a person is dressed reflects its personality and social and economical position. Owning luxury goods differentiates the ones who can afford it of those who cannot and the brand works as a reference for the user. The luxury fashion brands changed from small familiar companies to enterprises with global presence, which increased the competition level between them. and forced them to expand their markets. Brazil. along with other emerging countries, has become a key market for this expansion. The luxury market is getting more attention among marketing researchers. This research has the goal of studying the identity and image of Louis Vuitton, the luxury market leading brand, contributing for studies of this subject. The research was based on a qualitative approach, using three sources of information: desk research, in-depth interviews with professionals and consumers of luxury fashion brands, and observation. The results point to facts that lead consumers to choose a brand or reject it. The research unveiled a difference between Louis Vuitton's identity and image. due to Brazilian's market young stage on luxury consumption.

Det har blivit alltmer vanligt att företag upprättar en hållbarhetsrapport och något som förväntas av intressenterna. Det krävs att företag tar ett ansvar för att samhället ska kunna drivas mot en hållbar framtid. Företag kan inte bara tänka på sitt ekonomiska ansvar utan även på sitt miljömässiga och sociala ansvar. Tidigare forskning visar att lyxindustrin medinriktning på mode gör ett stort avtryck på miljön, det är främst deras textilproduktion som har en stor negativ påverkan på miljön. Lyxindustrin är även en särskild intressant marknad att undersöka eftersom konsumtionen av lyxvaror vanligtvis inte grundas i ett behov av att köpa kläder utan snarare i ett behov av att uppnå en viss social image. Att lyxindustrin har en stor påverkan på vilka trender som skapas resulterar i att industrin har ett särskilt etiskt och socialt ansvar gentemot samhället. Syftet med studien är att bidra till forskningen om vad lyxkoncerner inom mode kommunicerar avseende sitt ekonomiska, miljömässiga och sociala ansvarstagande i enlighet med GRI i sina hållbarhetsrapporter. Vi har genomfört en kvalitativ innehållsanalys av fyra koncerner som alla verkar inom lyxindustrin. Datamaterialet har inhämtats från koncernernas hållbarhetsrapporter förrapporteringsåret 2019. Studien har en tvärsnittsdesign och utgår från en abduktiv ansats. Vi har sökt efter teman som kan kopplas till studiens analysmodell som är baserad på GRI:s riktlinjer för hållbarhetsrapportering. Studiens resultat och slutsatser visar att koncernerna förmedlar sitt ansvarstagande inom allaområden i sina rapporter. Dock lägger koncernerna störst vikt på det ekonomiska ansvaret följt av det sociala och till sist det miljömässiga ansvaret. Det finns ett fåtal kategorier som inte kommuniceras alls, men vi har också funnit att koncernerna kommunicerar andraområden inom CSR som inte täcks av vår teoretiska modell. Studien har således bidragit till en utveckling av den analysmodell som använts i form av två kategorier som berörkoncernernas material och produktion. / It has become a common feature that companies establish a sustainability report and something that is expected from their stakeholders. It is required that companies take social responsibility in order for society to be driven towards a more sustainable future. Companies can not only think about their financial responsibility but also about their environmental and social responsibility. Previous research shows that the luxury industry, especially the fashion industry, makes a big imprint on the environment; it is mainly their textile production that has a negative impact on the environment. The luxury industry is also a particularly interesting market to explore because the consumption of luxury products is usually not based on a need to buy clothes but rather on a need to achieve a certain social image. The fact that the luxury industry has a major impact on the trends created, results in the industry having a special ethical and social responsibility towards society. The purpose of the study is to contribute to the research on what luxury fashion companies communicate regarding their financial, environmental and social responsibility in accordance with GRI in their sustainability reports. We have conducted a qualitative content analysis of four corporations, all of which operate in the luxury industry. The data material has been obtained from the corporations’ sustainability reports for the reporting year 2019. The study applies a cross-sectional design and is based on an abductive approach. We have searched for themes that can be linked to the study's analysis model which is based on GRI's guidelines for sustainability reporting. The study’s findings and conclusions indicate that the corporations convey their responsibilities in all areas throughout their reports. However, the corporations place the greatest emphasis on the financial responsibility, followed by the social and lastly the environmental responsibility. A few categories are not communicated at all, but we have also found other areas within CSR where the corporations communicate but that are not covered by our theoretical model. The study has thus contributed to an evolution of the analysis model used, two categories have been added that concern the corporations’ materials andproduction. This study is written in Swedish.

Providing personalized and exclusive services to customers has traditionally relied on in-person interactions between employees and customers. This paper explores video commerce supported by virtual try-On (VTO) technology for personalized and exclusive shopping experiences in the digital environment. The purpose of this study is to identify the affordances and limitations of online luxury beauty consultations supported by VTO. The research methodology primarily involved exploration of the field, market- and UX research. From the results, a set of personas were created, to serve as a heuristic for further research and future development of the technology. Furthermore, the study reveals that the level of decision comfort and satisfaction with the service varies depending on the type of targeted customer. In conclusion, despite a number of technical limitations within the current solution, the perspectives and experiences provided by luxury beauty partners and participants indicate that there is a large potential in online consultations to bring the luxury personalized in-store experience to the digital environment. / Att tillhandahålla personliga och exklusiva tjänster till kunder har traditionellt förlitat sig på personliga interaktioner mellan anställda och kunder. Denna artikel utforskar videohandel med stöd av virtuell prova-på-teknik (VTO) för personliga och exklusiva shoppingupplevelser i den digitala miljön. Syftet med den här studien är att identifiera fördelarna och begränsningarna för online lyxkonsultationer som stöds av VTO. Forskningsmetodiken innebar främst utforskning av fältet, marknads- och UX-forskning. Utifrån resultaten skapades en uppsättning personas, för att fungera som en heuristik för vidare forskning och framtida utveckling av tekniken. Vidare visar studien att nivån på beslutskomfort och tillfredsställelse med tjänsten varierar beroende på vilken typ av riktad kund. Sammanfattningsvis, trots ett antal tekniska begränsningar inom den nuvarande lösningen, indikerar perspektiven och erfarenheterna från lyxiga skönhetspartners och deltagare att det finns en stor potential i onlinekonsultationer för att föra den lyxiga personliga butiksupplevelsen till den digitala miljön.