Bazaar and pawnshop: etnography at the interface of formal and informal economy Abstract: In this paper I deal with the issue, regarding what actually constitutes bazaar-pawnshop and what this facility means for different groups of customers. Basic research method is auto- ethnography, because best suits in the situation, where I am myself the owner of such shop and during field research I use my own memories and perform both as a direct participant-owner as well as an anthropologist, examining the environment of bazaar. In the empirical part, I offer a brief characterization of different types of customers, depending on the way how they use the bazaar-pawnshop. By describing and analyzing relationships and interactions occurring in the course of business negotiations in the bazaar-pawnshop, I try to show what this type of economy, often referred to as informal or marginal, means for different groups of customers. In particular, I focus on the question how marginalized groups perceive bazaar-pawnshop and how they incorporate it into their lifestyle. On the basis of collected data I infer that they regard the bazaar- pawnshop as a standard economic facility and as an almost necessary part of their everyday life. Keywords: bazaar-pawnshop, purchase, sale, pawn, loan, used goods, customers, marginalized groups

Purpose LGBTQ patients experience marginalization and discrimination when seeking healthcare in the Southern Region of the United States. As a result, they experience negative healthcare outcomes. Collecting sexual orientation/gender identity (SOGI data) is vital in decreasing health disparities and improving hospitalized LGBTQ patients’ quality of care. Providers cannot adequately assess health risk factors or deliver culturally competent care without SOGI data knowledge. Aims The aim is to collect SOGI data during intake to implement a standard of care to promote LGBTQ health outcomes and decrease marginalization. Processes To understand how to provide high-quality care to LGBTQ patients, providers receive instruction on the importance of collecting SOGI data and cultural competency training using the Gay and Lesbian Medical Association (GLMA) guideline. After IRB determined the project as not research involving human subjects, SOGI data questions (your current gender identity is and describe your sexual orientation) were added to the EHR demographic health history section. Provider adoption of collecting SOGI data is measured by extracting data from the EHR. Results Results will determine the providers’ responsiveness to implementing SOGI data questions into the EHR. Limitations Provider having a choice of collecting SOGI data, the small sample size of providers, and the project’s location are limitations. Conclusions LGBTQ individuals have more health inequities and face marginalization when accessing healthcare. SOGI data collection is essential for assessing health risk factors, improving health outcomes, and creating a safe and inclusive healthcare environment for LGBTQ patients.

Mémoire en recherche-création / Ce projet de recherche-création porte sur la possibilité d’un prendre soin endossé par les espaces au sein du littéraire, posant les jalons d’une réflexion tournée vers les notions d’accueil et d’hospitalité, que ce soit hors ou au sein du cadre institutionnel. De fait, le travail de création prend la forme d’un récit autofictionnel autour de la maison de la grand-mère comme espace de soin, d’appartenance, mais aussi comme ancrage des traumas familiaux et d’une étrangeté à soi, de par les origines françaises et québécoises de la narratrice. À cette première narration s’ajoute le récit d’un voyage au sein duquel la narratrice sera amenée à cheminer dans son processus de deuil et à questionner ses liens d’appartenance. Sur le plan formel, la prise de parole varie au niveau spatial et temporel afin de multiplier les perspectives et d’explorer les conditions mêmes de l’expression et les difficultés inhérentes à celle-ci. Les récits s’apparentent à des fragments, prenant place à diverses époques et lieux afin de créer un effet de « chambre d’échos », les uns se répondant aux autres. La section essayistique du présent mémoire porte, quant à elle, sur les enjeux qu’implique l’absence d’une participation étatique dans l’octroi du soin afin de voir comment des espaces privés prennent le relais d’un care usuellement endossé institutionnellement et pensé comme mieux-être. Notre analyse portera donc sur la manière dont certaines voix littéraires rejouent et/ ou se distancient des normes et des paramètres de « santé » impliqués par le soin et ce, au travers d’espaces privés. Pour ce faire, nous aborderons L’événement d’Annie Ernaux et Dans ma chambre de Guillaume Dustan, deux récits qui mettent en scène un rapport criminel à la loi et ce faisant, convoquent des espaces offrant un care ambivalent, du côté de la mise en péril de soi et de la mort. En outre, la relation de care endossée par certains lieux témoigne d’un lien spécifique, parce que subjectif, à ces espaces et en ce sens, ils permettent l’émergence de subjectivités et de récits de soi qui en rendent compte. Ainsi, nous nous proposons d’analyser l’écriture de soi comme espace d’accueil à la jonction du social et du poétique. / This research-creation project focuses on the possibility of care endorsed by spaces within the literary, laying the groundwork for a reflection on the notions of welcome and hospitality, whether outside or within the institutional framework. The creative work takes the form of an autofictional narrative around the grandmother's house as a space of care and belonging, but also as an anchor for family traumas and a strangeness to oneself, due to the narrator's French and Quebecois origins. To this first narrative is added the story of a journey in which the narrator will be led to progress in her mourning process and to question her ties of belonging. In terms of form, the spoken word will vary in space and time in order to multiply the perspectives and explore the conditions of expression and the difficulties inherent to it. The narratives will be in the form of fragments, taking place in various times and places in order to create an « echo chamber » effect, with one responding to the other. The essayistic section of this dissertation focuses on the issues involved in the absence of State participation in the provision of care, in order to see how private spaces take over the care that is usually institutionally endorsed and thought of as well-being. Our analysis will therefore focus on how certain literary voices replay and/or distance themselves from the norms and parameters of « health » implied by care through private spaces. To do so, we will look at Annie Ernaux's L'événement and Guillaume Dustan's Dans ma chambre, two stories that stage a criminal relationship to the law and, in so doing, summon spaces that offer an ambivalent care, on the side of the endangerment of self and death. Moreover, the relation of care endorsed by certain places testifies to a specific link, because subjective, to these spaces and in this sense, they allow the emergence of subjectivities and narratives of the self which account for it. Thus, we propose to analyze the writing of the self as a space of reception at the junction of the social and the poetic.

Media’s representation of places and individuals shape public understanding of these places and of their residents, as well as shaping residents’ own understanding of their communities and themselves. Media discourse about marginalized areas is often male dominated and focused on violence and crime which has attracted much attention in previous research. The purpose of this dissertation has instead been to study media discourse about young women living in three marginalized suburban areas south of Stockholm. By studying which discourses about young women in these areas are (re)produced in media we can gain knowledge about the opportunities and obstacles young women face. The study is based upon a critical discourse analysis of a large empirical material of media texts, informed by theory on territorial stigmatization. The analysis has an intersectional perspective. The texts cover a wide range of topics, with three recurrent subdiscourses described: “owning one’s place”, “safety” and “otherness”. The results are in line with previous research in some respects, but also deviate in important ways. Young women in these texts are on one hand, not depicted as responsible for the problems often associated with marginalized areas, but on the other hand, are depicted as responsible for their parents’ integration. / Medieframställningen av platser och individerna som bor där bidrar både till allmänhetens uppfattning av området och de boende såväl som till de boendes uppfattning om området och sig själva. Mediebilden av marginaliserade områden är ofta mansdominerad samt associerad till kriminalitet och oroligheter, en framställning som uppmärksammats mycket i tidigare forskning. Den här uppsatsen handlar istället om medieframställningen av unga kvinnor i tre Stockholmsförorter. Genom att studera vilka diskurser om unga kvinnor i marginaliserade områden som (re)produceras i medietexter bidrar studien till vår förståelse av vilka hinder och möjligheter unga kvinnor möter. Studien bygger på en kritisk diskursanalys av ett omfattande mediematerial, som informerats av bl.a. teorier om territoriellt stigma. Texterna har analyserats med intersektionellt perspektiv. Medietexterna handlar visserligen om många olika saker, men genomgående framträder tre subdiskurser: ”ta plats”, ”trygghet” och ”annorlundahet”. Resultaten följer i flera avseenden tidigare forskning, men avviker samtidigt i några viktiga aspekter. Till skillnad från vad tidigare forskning om medieframställningar av marginaliserade områden och dess boende har visat framställs inte de unga kvinnorna som ansvarsbärare för de problem som ofta associeras till marginaliserade områden. Däremot framställs de unga kvinnorna i stor utsträckning som ansvarsbärare för sina föräldrars integrering.

Sexual violence (SV) is a pressing concern in the United States. SV (i.e., unwanted sexual contact, coercion, and wanted or unwanted penetration of another). Individuals with minoritized sexual, racial/ethnic, and gender identities experience worse psychosocial outcomes than their majority counterparts. People with multiple marginalized identities have been shown to experience traumatic events at greater rates and with significantly different outcomes compared to those with one minoritized identity. Cultural betrayal trauma theory proposes that these differences in mental health outcomes may be explained in part by a shared cultural identity between a SV perpetrator and victim, which is posited to exacerbate mental health symptomology. This study's sample consisted of 276 participants who were over the age of 18 and identified with both minoritized sexual and racial/ethnic identities. Results of this study failed to support most of the study's hypotheses yet confirmed that increase in mental health symptomology is associated with SV experience. This study indicates that research of cultural betrayal trauma may necessitate a more nuanced approach among individuals with multiple marginalized identities.

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Forskning visar att klientens förtroende för den professionella är avgörande för ett gynnsamt socialt arbete. Trots betydelsen av förtroende i det sociala arbetets praktik, visar undersökningar att socialtjänsten tenderar att ha ett lägre förtroende jämfört med andra samhällsaktörer. Det verkar dock existera en kunskapslucka vad gäller forskning som undersöker förtroendet för socialtjänsten i marginaliserade områden. Eftersom personer från marginaliserade områden tenderar att ha ett lägre förtroende för politiska institutioner generellt i jämförelse med majoritetsbefolkningen, är det av särskild relevans att undersöka hur förtroendet för socialtjänsten ser ut i marginaliserade områden. Följande studie syftar därmed till att undersöka förtroendet för socialtjänsten i marginaliserade områden ur lokalinvånares och socialarbetares perspektiv. För att besvara studiens syfte har en kvalitativ metod tillämpats. Studiens datamaterial utgörs av sex intervjuer med socialarbetare och fem fokusgruppsintervjuer med lokalinvånare från Angered och Vivalla. Studiens teoretiska ramverk utgör av en postkolonial teori och begreppet ”den Andra” samt teorier om stigma och territoriell stigmatisering. Studiens resultat visar att lokalinvånare i marginaliserande område har ett bristande förtroende för socialtjänsten, vilket kommer till uttryck i form av en stor rädsla och misstro mot myndigheten. Av resultatet framkommer att lokalinvånarnas bristande förtroende för socialtjänsten kan förklaras utifrån faktorer som diskriminering och stigmatisering av personer från marginaliserade områden, bristande information om socialtjänsten, socialttjänstens bristande tillgänglighet i områdena, skam, ryktesspridning samt begränsningar i socialtjänstens verksamhet. / Research shows that the client's trust in the professional is crucial for social work. Despite the importance of trust in the practice of social work, surveys show that social services tend to have a lower level of trust compared with other societal actors. However, there seems to be a knowledge gap regarding research that examines confidence in the social services in marginalized areas. As people from marginalized areas tend to have lower confidence in political institutions compared to majority populations, it is of relevance to examine what trust in social services means and how it is expressed in marginalized areas. The following study therefore aims to examine trust in social services in marginalized areas from the perspective of local residents and social workers. A qualitative method was applied to this study to the purpose of the study and to answer the research questions. The study's data material consists of six interviews with social workers and five focus group interviews with residents from two different neighbourhoods that are considered marginalized: Angered and Vivalla. The theoretical framework of the study consists of a postcolonial theory and the concept of "the Other" as well as theories of stigma and territorial stigmatization. The results of the study show that residents in marginalized areas lack trust in social services, which is expressed in the form of fear and mistrust. The results show that the residents lack of trust in social services can be explained by factors such as discrimination and stigmatization of people from marginalized areas, lack of information about the social services, the social services' lack of accessibility in said areas, shame, rumours, and restrictions in the social services' activities.

This research qualitatively explores the impacts of the Helen B. Landgarten Art therapy Clinic’s transition to art therapy telehealth services during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this research was to explore the efficacy of interventions and the clinical themes that emerged as a result of telehealth art therapy services delivered to marginalized communities through the Helen B. Landgarten Art Therapy Clinic. Data that was collected includes anonymous surveys from administrators, teachers, and caregivers of those receiving services and facilitators of services, semi-structured interviews with administrators, teachers, and caregivers of those receiving services, as well as a focus group with facilitators of services. Through the analysis of data several findings suggest that art therapy telehealth can provide a safe space for engagement in mental health and be more accessible to marginalized communities. These findings potentially open new doors for further inquiry into art therapy telehealth.

The study looks at the land issue from the perspective of Missiology. It shows in what sense the land issue is an issue for mission. The pastoral cycle of Henriot and Holland is used to analyse the land issue in Zimbabwe. The analysis takes seriously the situation of the marginalized in Zimbabwe in relation to other stakeholders in the land issue. The study also looks at the ecological implications of the land issue. A comparison is drawn between South Africa and Zimbabwe as far as the land issue is concerned. A major aspect of the study is the theological question on God and land. The study concludes with a proposal on the kind of action that needs to be taken in resolving the land question. / Christian Spirituality, Church History and Missiology / M.Th.(Missiology)