The focus of this study is on South Africa's transition to democracy. It is argued in this thesis, that an analysis of the transition to democracy in South Africa and the transformation of the con ict that prevailed in this divided society could generate new avenues for theorising about transitions to democracy in divided societies amidst con ict. The aim with this thesis is to contribute towards a more comprehensive understanding of the complex nature of the process of transition to democracy, and the relevant theory involved, particularly with regard to transitions in divided societies. One consequence of the deep divisions within South African society has been the increase in violence, which followed liberalisation. The transition to democracy in South Africa, as a result, was characterised by continuing and escalating violence. In South Africa, the authoritarian regime deteriorated mainly because of internal factors, but external factors also played an important role. The analysis of the transition has been guided by the hypothesis that the democratisation of South Africa was accomplished through a compromise that was negotiated between the major political actors and which re ected the intra-, as well as the inter-dynamics in the domains of, state - political society - civil society. Thus, the main theme of this thesis is, that in the analysis of the dynamics of the tran- sition to democracy in South Africa, a basic framework in which the domains of, state - political society - civil society, are the domains where structural variables (such as culture, economic development, class structures, increased education and the international environ- ment) and behavioural variables (such as major political actors, elite factions, organisations from civil society) interact. Thus, in the diachronic analysis of South Africa's transition, an interactive approach, that seeks to relate structural constraints to the shaping of contingent choice, is followed. At the same time, the institutional substitution of a new democratic political dispensation is examined. In conclusion, democracies are complex phenomena, and they are caused by many di er- ent forces and synthesizing the relevant theoretical approaches to political change provides a more cogent and comprehensive explanation of democratic transition in South Africa. / (D. Litt. et Phil. (International Politics))

No description available.

Title: Physiological response of competitors Fireball dinghy class in the model sailing race. Objectives: The main intention of the thesis is to detect the physical demands (difficulties) of sailing boat race categorized as Fireball double crew. The variables of physiological response to the load of competitors recorded are being measured using simulated race under laboratory conditions. At that point, this opportunity enabled us to carry out further comparisons and examine the physical demands of individual post at various directions of wind. Methods: The entire investigation of detecting physiological functions of competitors will be carried out noninvasively throughout the simulation of sailing using metabolic analyser tool and sport tester. From the feedback, we will obtained figures and originate the physiological response of human body to the load. Due to the investigation is being implemented on the double crew boat Fireball; both competitors (crew/helmsman) performing different tasks will be simulated and examined individually. Simulated race will last 24 minutes and competitors will have to face different wind courses, precisely cruising upwind, crosswind and tailwind. Results: From the measured results, we can state that most of the time during simulated race, the performance of racers...

Introdução: a variabilidade clínica da fibrose cística (FC) levou ao desenvolvimento de diferentes sistemas de escores de avaliação de sua gravidade. Como nem sempre é possível fazer a monitorizarão do paciente com exames radiológicos, tomográficos, funcionais e clínicos simultaneamente, o entendimento das correlações entre esses métodos é um ponto importante para que a equipe multiprofissional dos centros de FC selecione o método mais adequado na sua rotina de atendimento. Objetivo: avaliar a gravidade das alterações clínicas, estruturais e funcionais de uma população de pacientes com fibrose cística por meio de escores clínicos, radiológicos, tomográficos e testes funcionais e analisar as correlações, por pareamento entre os escores de Shwachman-Kulczychi (E-SK), Brasfield (E. Brasfield), Bhalla (E. Bhalla), espirometria e teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6M). Métodos: Estudo transversal prospectivo em pacientes com idade entre 3-21 anos. Foram realizados no mesmo dia: espirometria, TC6M, radiografia de tórax (RX), tomografia computadorizada (TC) de tórax e avaliação do estadio clínico. Utilizou-se a regressão linear (coeficiente de correlação de Spearman) para a análise das correlações entre os exames. Foi construída uma Curva ROC para avaliar o melhor ponto de corte para o valor de escore de Brasfield que indicaria a presença de bronquiectasias na TC. Resultados: 43 pacientes foram avaliados, 19F/24M, 10,5 ± 4,7 anos, com mediana de E. Bhalla, E. Brasfield e E-SK de 10, 17 e 70, respectivamente. Os valores médios (% previsto) de capacidade vital forçada (CVF), volume expiratório forçado no primeiro segundo (VEF1) e fluxo expiratório forçado entre 25 e 75 % da capacidade vital (FEF25-75%) foram, respectivamente, 70,4 ± 26, 59,2 ± 26, 47,4 ± 35,8. Houve correlações significativas entre quase todos os parâmetros estudados. Apenas não houve correlação estatisticamente significativa entre escore do teste de caminhada de seis minutos (Z-TC6M) e aprisionamento + mosaico (r = -0,35), VEF1 70% e E-SK (r = -0,04); VEF1 70% e E. Bhalla (r = -0,32), VEF1 70% e E. Brasfield (r = 0,14), VEF1 70% e Z-TC6M (r =0,14). Através da Curva ROC foi determinado o ponto de corte do escore de Brasfield de 18 como o de melhor sensibilidade (83%), especificidade (92%), valor preditivo positivo (96%) e valor preditivo negativo (71%) para detecção de bronquiectasias na TC de tórax. Conclusões: Nesta casuística de pacientes com fibrose cística houve uma ampla variação quanto à gravidade da doença quando avaliada por parâmetros clínicos, radiológicos, tomográficos e funcionais. Apesar desta variação, houve correlação significativa entre a maioria dos métodos utilizados no estudo. As correlações não foram significativas nos pacientes com função pulmonar normal ou com distúrbio ventilatório obstrutivo leve, o que pode estar relacionado a uma menor capacidade discriminatória entre os diferentes métodos quando o acometimento pulmonar é de grau leve. Nessa amostra estudada, pacientes com escore de Brasfield menor ou igual a 18, tiveram uma probabilidade de 83% de apresentar bronquiectasias na TC de tórax. O teste da caminhada de seis minutos se mostrou como um método complementar alternativo que pode ser utilizado na avaliação da gravidade dos pacientes com FC / Introduction: The clinical variability of cystic fibrosis (CF) led to the development of different scoring systems to evaluate its severity. As it is not always possible to simultaneously assess CF patient with radiography, tomography, functional tests and clinical status, understanding the correlations between these methods is important for the multidisciplinary team of CF centers to select the most suitable method in their routine attendance. Objective: To assess the severity of the clinical, structural and functional characteristics of a population of CF patients by means of clinical scores, chest radiography (CXR), chest tomography (CT) and pulmonary functional tests and to analyze the correlations between Shwachman-Kulczychi score (SK), Brasfield score (Brasfield), Bhalla score (Bhalla), spirometry and six minute walk test (6-MWT). Method: A cross-sectional and prospective study including patients aged 3-21 years-old. Spirometry, 6-MWT, CRX, CT and evaluation of clinical status were performed on the same day. Linear regression (Spearman correlation coefficient) was performed to analyze the correlations between the tests. A ROC curve was constructed to assess the best value for the Brasfield score that would indicate the presence of bronchiectasis on CT. Results: A total of 43 patients were evaluated, 19F/24M, 10.5 ± 4.7 years, with median Bhalla, Brasfield and SK scores of 10, 17 and 70, respectively. Mean values (% predicted) forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of vital capacity (FEF25-75%) were respectively 70.4 ± 26, 26 ± 59.2, 47.4 ± 35.8. There were significant correlations among almost all parameters studied. Only there was no statistically significant correlation between Z-6MWT and air trapping + mosaic perfusion (r = -0.35), FEV1 70% and SK (r = -0.04), FEV1 70% and Bhalla (r = -0.32), FEV1 70% and Brasfield (r = 0.14), FEV1 70% and Z-6MWT (r = 0.14). ROC curve determined that Brasfield score of 18 had the best sensitivity (83%), specificity (92%), positive predictive value (96%) and negative predictive value (71%) for detecting bronchiectasis on chest CT. Conclusions: These patients with cystic fibrosis had a wide variation in disease severity as assessed by clinical, radiographic, tomographic and functional scores. Despite this variation, there was a significant correlation between most methods used in the study. The correlations were not significant in patients with normal lung function or with mild obstructive lung disease, which may be related to a lower discriminate capacity between the different methods when pulmonary involvement is mild. In this study, patients with Brasfield score less than or equal to 18, had a probability of 83% to have bronchiectasis on chest CT. The six-minute walk test is a complementary method that can be used to assess the severity of patients with CF

Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T12:51:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 kellycristinadourado_tese.pdf: 1236106 bytes, checksum: 8172f7b7f0adad230b6aca59e79174ce (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-11-20 / In patients with chronic heart failure due to Chagas disease-Systemic Arterial Hypertension (Chagas-SAH) no data exist regarding physical capacity as detected by the 6-minute walk test. Methods: A total of 140 patients routinely followed at the Cardiomyopathy Outpatient Service of Hospital de Base from January, 2004 to January, 2008 were recruited for the study. Of them, 60 (44%) were diagnosed as having Chagas disease, 38 (27%) Chagas-SAH, and 42 (30%) chronic heart failure due to Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH). Results: The distance walked during 6 minutes was 357,9 ± 98 meters in Chagas-SAH patients, 395,8 ± 121 meters in Chagas disease patients (p >0,05), 272,7 ± 92,5 meters in SAH patients (p=0,002 versus Chagas disease patients; p <0,05 versus Chagas-SAH). The proportion of patients who walked less than 300 meters, a marker of dismal prognosis in patients with chronic heart failure, were 11 (29%) out of 38 patients in Chagas-SAH patients, 9 (15%) out of 60 patients in Chagas disease patients (p >0,05), and 25 (59%) out of 42 patients in the SAH patients (p<0,01, SAH versus Chagas-SAH patients, p<0,0005 versus Chagas disease patients). In patients with Chagas-SAH, there was a negative correlation between the 6-minute walk test and the total score of the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (r= -0,51; p=0,001). Conclusions: Results of the 6-minute walk test in Chagas-SAH patients are similar to those found in Chagas disease patients with chronic heart failure. There is a negative correlation between the 6-minute walk test and total score of the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire. Coexistence of SAH seems not to affect functional capacity of Chagas disease patients with chronic heart failure. / Pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca crônica devido à doença de Chagas e Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (Chagas-HAS) não apresentam dados que avaliem sua capacidade física com o teste da caminhada de 6 minutos (TC6 ). Casuística e Método: Um total de 140 pacientes seguidos rotineiramente no Ambulatório de Cardiomiopatia do serviço do Hospital de Base, de janeiro de 2004 a janeiro de 2008 foi recrutado para o estudo. Destes, 60 (44%) foram diagnosticados como portadores de doença de Chagas, 38 (27%) com Chagas associada à hipertensão (Chagas-HAS) e 42 (30%) com insuficiência cardíaca crônica devido a Hipertensão Arterial Sistêmica (HAS). Resultados: A distância percorrida durante 6 minutos foi de 357,9 ± 98 metros em pacientes com Chagas-HAS; 395,8 ± 121 metros em pacientes com doença de Chagas (p>0,05) e 272,7 ± 92,5 metros em pacientes com HAS (p=0,002 versus pacientes com Chagas; p<0,05 versus Chagas-HAS). A proporção de pacientes que caminhou menos de 300 metros, um marcador de prognóstico sombrio em pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca crônica, foi 11 (29%) dos 38 pacientes com Chagas-HAS; 9 (15%) dos 60 pacientes com Chagas (p>0,05) e 25 (59%) dos 42 pacientes com HAS (p<0,01 HAS versus pacientes com Chagas-HAS, p<0,0005 versus pacientes com doença de Chagas). Em pacientes com Chagas-HAS houve uma correlação negativa entre o TC6 e a soma dos pontos do Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (r = -0,51; p = 0,001).Conclusões: Os resultados do TC6 em pacientes com Chagas-HAS são semelhantes aos encontrados em pacientes chagásicos com insuficiência cardíaca crônica. Existe uma correlação negativa entre o TC6 e o total de pontos do Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire. A coexistência viii 13 de HAS parece não afetar a capacidade funcional dos pacientes chagásicos com insuficiência cardíaca crônica.

Introdução: a variabilidade clínica da fibrose cística (FC) levou ao desenvolvimento de diferentes sistemas de escores de avaliação de sua gravidade. Como nem sempre é possível fazer a monitorizarão do paciente com exames radiológicos, tomográficos, funcionais e clínicos simultaneamente, o entendimento das correlações entre esses métodos é um ponto importante para que a equipe multiprofissional dos centros de FC selecione o método mais adequado na sua rotina de atendimento. Objetivo: avaliar a gravidade das alterações clínicas, estruturais e funcionais de uma população de pacientes com fibrose cística por meio de escores clínicos, radiológicos, tomográficos e testes funcionais e analisar as correlações, por pareamento entre os escores de Shwachman-Kulczychi (E-SK), Brasfield (E. Brasfield), Bhalla (E. Bhalla), espirometria e teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6M). Métodos: Estudo transversal prospectivo em pacientes com idade entre 3-21 anos. Foram realizados no mesmo dia: espirometria, TC6M, radiografia de tórax (RX), tomografia computadorizada (TC) de tórax e avaliação do estadio clínico. Utilizou-se a regressão linear (coeficiente de correlação de Spearman) para a análise das correlações entre os exames. Foi construída uma Curva ROC para avaliar o melhor ponto de corte para o valor de escore de Brasfield que indicaria a presença de bronquiectasias na TC. Resultados: 43 pacientes foram avaliados, 19F/24M, 10,5 ± 4,7 anos, com mediana de E. Bhalla, E. Brasfield e E-SK de 10, 17 e 70, respectivamente. Os valores médios (% previsto) de capacidade vital forçada (CVF), volume expiratório forçado no primeiro segundo (VEF1) e fluxo expiratório forçado entre 25 e 75 % da capacidade vital (FEF25-75%) foram, respectivamente, 70,4 ± 26, 59,2 ± 26, 47,4 ± 35,8. Houve correlações significativas entre quase todos os parâmetros estudados. Apenas não houve correlação estatisticamente significativa entre escore do teste de caminhada de seis minutos (Z-TC6M) e aprisionamento + mosaico (r = -0,35), VEF1 70% e E-SK (r = -0,04); VEF1 70% e E. Bhalla (r = -0,32), VEF1 70% e E. Brasfield (r = 0,14), VEF1 70% e Z-TC6M (r =0,14). Através da Curva ROC foi determinado o ponto de corte do escore de Brasfield de 18 como o de melhor sensibilidade (83%), especificidade (92%), valor preditivo positivo (96%) e valor preditivo negativo (71%) para detecção de bronquiectasias na TC de tórax. Conclusões: Nesta casuística de pacientes com fibrose cística houve uma ampla variação quanto à gravidade da doença quando avaliada por parâmetros clínicos, radiológicos, tomográficos e funcionais. Apesar desta variação, houve correlação significativa entre a maioria dos métodos utilizados no estudo. As correlações não foram significativas nos pacientes com função pulmonar normal ou com distúrbio ventilatório obstrutivo leve, o que pode estar relacionado a uma menor capacidade discriminatória entre os diferentes métodos quando o acometimento pulmonar é de grau leve. Nessa amostra estudada, pacientes com escore de Brasfield menor ou igual a 18, tiveram uma probabilidade de 83% de apresentar bronquiectasias na TC de tórax. O teste da caminhada de seis minutos se mostrou como um método complementar alternativo que pode ser utilizado na avaliação da gravidade dos pacientes com FC / Introduction: The clinical variability of cystic fibrosis (CF) led to the development of different scoring systems to evaluate its severity. As it is not always possible to simultaneously assess CF patient with radiography, tomography, functional tests and clinical status, understanding the correlations between these methods is important for the multidisciplinary team of CF centers to select the most suitable method in their routine attendance. Objective: To assess the severity of the clinical, structural and functional characteristics of a population of CF patients by means of clinical scores, chest radiography (CXR), chest tomography (CT) and pulmonary functional tests and to analyze the correlations between Shwachman-Kulczychi score (SK), Brasfield score (Brasfield), Bhalla score (Bhalla), spirometry and six minute walk test (6-MWT). Method: A cross-sectional and prospective study including patients aged 3-21 years-old. Spirometry, 6-MWT, CRX, CT and evaluation of clinical status were performed on the same day. Linear regression (Spearman correlation coefficient) was performed to analyze the correlations between the tests. A ROC curve was constructed to assess the best value for the Brasfield score that would indicate the presence of bronchiectasis on CT. Results: A total of 43 patients were evaluated, 19F/24M, 10.5 ± 4.7 years, with median Bhalla, Brasfield and SK scores of 10, 17 and 70, respectively. Mean values (% predicted) forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of vital capacity (FEF25-75%) were respectively 70.4 ± 26, 26 ± 59.2, 47.4 ± 35.8. There were significant correlations among almost all parameters studied. Only there was no statistically significant correlation between Z-6MWT and air trapping + mosaic perfusion (r = -0.35), FEV1 70% and SK (r = -0.04), FEV1 70% and Bhalla (r = -0.32), FEV1 70% and Brasfield (r = 0.14), FEV1 70% and Z-6MWT (r = 0.14). ROC curve determined that Brasfield score of 18 had the best sensitivity (83%), specificity (92%), positive predictive value (96%) and negative predictive value (71%) for detecting bronchiectasis on chest CT. Conclusions: These patients with cystic fibrosis had a wide variation in disease severity as assessed by clinical, radiographic, tomographic and functional scores. Despite this variation, there was a significant correlation between most methods used in the study. The correlations were not significant in patients with normal lung function or with mild obstructive lung disease, which may be related to a lower discriminate capacity between the different methods when pulmonary involvement is mild. In this study, patients with Brasfield score less than or equal to 18, had a probability of 83% to have bronchiectasis on chest CT. The six-minute walk test is a complementary method that can be used to assess the severity of patients with CF

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No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) TESE MAURICIO_FINAL.pdf: 2721388 bytes, checksum: fd010699c8c2e77d061903bfeeda2a03 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado / Objetivos: descrever a função muscular respiratória, mecânica respiratória, qualidade de vida (QV) e modulação autonômica cardiovascular de obesos classe III e avaliar sua associação com a distância percorrida no teste de caminhada de seis minutos (TC6M). Métodos: Estudo transversal utilizando obesos mórbidos recrutados de um Programa de Cirurgia Bariátrica e indivíduos não obesos oriundos do ambulatório de fisioterapia do Hospital Universitário da UFRJ. Foram estudadas: análise da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (VFC), oscilometria de impulso (IOS), dados espirométricos, força muscular respiratória, TC6M, além da QV por meio do Short Form 36 (SF-36). Para comparação entre os grupos foi utilizado o teste t student sendo adotado o nível de significância de 5%. Para determinação da associação entre a distância percorrida no TC6M e das demais variáveis foi utilizada a análise de regressão linear múltipla sendo testadas no modelo as variáveis que apresentaram P<0,1 nos testes de correlação. Resultados: Foram avaliados 50 obesos classe III com média de idade de 40,0±10,4 anos, estatura 1,64±0,09 m, massa corporal de 138,8±33,6 kg e índice de massa corporal (IMC) de 50,7±8,9 kg/m2 e 30 indivíduos não obesos com média de idade de 37,6±11,5 anos, estatura de 1,67±0,09 m, massa corporal de 65,2±10,3 kg e IMC de 23,2±2,2 kg/m2. Na espirometria, os valores nos obesos foram significantemente menores para capacidade vital forçada (CVF) (P=0,0275) e volume expiratório forçado no primeiro segundo (VEF1) (P=0,0157). Os valores na IOS foram maiores nos obesos em R0 (P=0,0001), R5 (P<0,0001), R20 (P=0,0010), Rmed (P<0,0001) e RT (P= 0,0002), sendo menores em X5 (P=0,0007), X5 ins (P=0,0013) e X5 exp (P=0,0007). Na análise da VFC, os valores em obesos foram menores para SDNN (P=0,0004), rMSSD (P=0,0030), pNN50 (P=0,0061) e HF (P=0,0023), revelando-se maiores para LF/HF (P=0,0189). Nos parâmetros de QV, observamos valores inferiores nos obesos para os domínios capacidade funcional (P< 0,0001), aspectos físicos (P=0,0001), vitalidade (P=0,0450), dor (P=0,0111), aspectos sociais (P=0,0014 e estado geral de saúde (P< 0,0001), não sendo observadas diferenças para os domínios referente a aspectos emocionais (P=0,3447) e saúde mental P=0,8606). A distância percorrida no TC6M por obesos classe III foi menor (P<0,0001). Após a análise multivariada, observamos que 46% da distância percorrida no TC6M pode ser explicada por variáveis demográficas e ventilatórias (espirometria e pressão respiratória estática máxima). O modelo matemático que auxilia na previsão da distância a ser percorrida por obesos classe IIII é o seguinte: TC6M = 372,249 - (0,0602 x Idade) - (4,636 x IMC) + (0,778 x Cir. abdominal) - (0,105 x Cir. quadril) + (33,394 x CVF) + (27,090 x VEF1) + (0,886 x pressão inspiratória máxima) - (0.156 x ventilação voluntária máxima), R 2 = 0,4645. Conclusão: Obesos classe III, apresentam aumento na resistência de vias aéreas e do sistema respiratório, redução da elastância, desequilíbrio na modulação autonômica e menor QV. A pior distância percorrida por obesos classe III no TC6M é influenciada pela idade e por variáveis demográficas e ventilatórias / Objectives: To describe respiratory muscle function, respiratory function, quality of life (QOL) and autonomic modulation in obese class III and assess its association with the distance covered on the six-minute walk test (6MWT). Methods: A sample composed of obese class III derived from a bariatric surgery program and non-obese controls from the Physical Therapy Clinics of the UFRJ. Studied included: the heart rate variability (HRV), the respiratory mechanic through the impulse oscillometry (IOS), spirometry data, inspiratory muscle strength, the six-minute walk test (6MWT), and the quality of life through the Short Form 36 (SF-36). To compare the groups, we used the paired t-test adopting the 5% significance level. To determine the association between the distance on the 6MWT and the other variables we used the multiple linear regression analysis in which only variables with P<0.10 in correlation tests were included. Results: We evaluated 50 obese class III with mean age of 40.0±10.4 years, height 1.64±0.09 m, body mass 138.8±33.6 kg and body mass index (BMI) of 50.7±8.9 kg/m2 , and 30 non-obese individuals with a mean age of 37.6±11.5 years, height 1.67 ± 0.09 m, body weight 65.2 ± 10.3 kg, and BMI 23.2±2.2 kg/m2 . In spirometry test, values in the obese group were significantly lower for forced vital capacity (FVC) (P=0.0275) and forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) (P=0.0157). As for IOS, values in the obese group were higher for R0 (P=0.0001), R5 P<0.0001), R20 (P = 0.0010), Rmed (P<0.0001), RT (P=0.0002), and lower for X5 (P=0.0007), X5 ins (P=0.0013), and X5 exp (P= 0.0007). As for HRV, values in the obese group were lower for SDNN (P=0.0004), rMSSD (P=0.0030), pNN50 (P= 0.0061), and HF (P=0.0023) whereas the ones for LF / HF were found to be higher (P=0.0189). When QOL was compared, a low performance in the obese group was found for the functional capacity (P<0.0001), physical function (P=0.0001), vitality (P=0.0450), pain (P=0.0111), social function (P=0.0014), and general health (P<0.0001). No difference was observed for the domains related to emotional aspects (P=0.3447) and mental health (P=0.8606). The distance covered on the 6MWT by obese individuals class III was lower (P<0.0001). At the multivariate linear regression analysis we found that 46% of the distance covered in the 6MWT could be explained by demographic and ventilatory variables (spirometry data and maximum static respiratory pressure). The mathematical model that helps to predict the distance to be covered by obese IIII class is as follows: 6MWT = 372.249 - (0.0602 x age) - (4.636 x BMI) + (0.778 x waist circumference) - (0.105 x hip circumference) + (33.394 x FVC) + (27.090 x FEV1) + (0.886 x maximal inspiratory pressure) - (0.156 x maximal voluntary ventilation), r2 = 0.4645.Conclusion: Obese class III show an increase in airway resistance and respiratory system, reduced elastance, an imbalance in the autonomic modulation and lower QoL. The distance covered by obese class III in the 6MWT was influenced by age, and demographic and ventilatory variables

The aim of the study was to determine whether a modified version of the Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) (American Thoracic Society, 2002) could be used to assess aerobic power in adults with intellectual disability. Thirteen adults (7M, 6F), four with Down syndrome; 18-44 years old, with mild or moderate intellectual disability participated in the study. Each participant performed the following: (1) the modified 6MWT twice, with a pacer, along a straight 30-m course in a gymnasium; (2) the graded maximal treadmill test; and (3) a test of leg strength, twice, using a Cybex dynamometer. Cronbach’s reliability coefficient between the two 6MWTs was α = 0.98. Stepwise linear regression analysis showed that the furthest 6MWT distance was predictive of peak oxygen consumption (R² = 0.67). Peak torque during leg extension and BMI were significantly correlated with 6MWT distance. The modified 6MWT can be used with minimal time and space, to assess aerobic power in adults with ID.

With Spectre and Meltdown out in the public, a rushed effort was made to patch these vulnerabilities by operating system vendors. However, with the mitigations against said vulnerabilities there will be some form of performance impact. This study aims to find out how much of an impact the software mitigations against Spectre and Meltdown have on database management systems during an online transaction processing workload. An experiment was carried out to evaluate two popular open-source database management systems and see how they were affected before and after the software mitigations against Spectre and Meltdown was applied. The study found that there is an average of 4-5% impact on the performance when the software mitigations is applied. The study also compared the two database management systems with each other and found that PostgreSQL can have a reduced performance of about 27% when both a hypervisor and the operating system is patched against Spectre and Meltdown. / När Spectre och Meltdown tillkännagavs gjordes en snabb insats för att korrigera dessa sårbarheter av operativsystemleverantörer. Men med mildringarna mot dessa sårbarheter kommer det att finnas någon form av prestationspåverkan. Denna studie syftar till att ta reda på hur mycket av en påverkan uppdateringarna mot Spectre och Meltdown har på databashanteringssystem under en online-transaktionsbehandlings arbetsbelastning. Ett experiment gjordes för att utvärdera två populära databashanteringssystem baserad på fri mjukvara och se hur de påverkades före och efter att uppdateringarna mot Spectre och Meltdown applicerats i en Linux maskin. Studien fann att det i genomsnitt är 4–5% påverkan på prestandan när uppdateringarna tillämpas. Studien jämförde också de två databashanteringssystemen med varandra och fann att PostgreSQL kan ha en reducerad prestanda på cirka 27% när både det virtuella maskinhanteringssystemet och operativsystemet är uppdaterad mot Spectre och Meltdown.

6 Abstract Title: Monitoring the effect of selected physical activities considering the risk of falling down in the elderly. Objectives: The aim of this work is to compare the effect of two physical activities used in the prevention of falling down in the elderly, on the traveled distance using the 6MWT (Six Minute Walk Test).The two chosen physical activities are "Nordic walking" and "Sensomotoric stimulation". Methods:Initially, a literature research was conducted in the key area of prevention of falling down in the elderly, the possibilities of physical treatment in this risky group of people, and then were the "Nordic walking" and "Sensomotoric stimulation" activities chosen, as methods used in the prevention of falling down. Two groups were created: "The Nordic Walking Activity Group" and the "Sensomotoric Stimulation Physical Activity Group". The length and intensity of workouts: weeklyfor3-month period, min. 60 minutes and max. 3 hours. Each group counts from 9 to 10 clients, with their age range being between 60 and 69 years. A standardized 6MWT (Six Minute Walk Test) is used to obtain the data to be processed. The results were statistically evaluated using Microsoft Office Excel XP Professional. Three times took place the measurement of each client, at the beginning of physical activity, in the 2nd...